which of the following would be the closest estimate to the number of times the sun has orbited the galactic center?

One exciting potential discovery that astronomers hope to be able to make with the E-ELT and TMT is life on other planets.

TMT and E-ELT are (currently) proposed telescopes. TMT (short for Thirty Meter Telescope) is a very large telescope composed of many small mirrors each about 1,4m in size. E-ELT (short for European Extremely Large Telescope) is going to be around 39m in diameter.

These proposed telescopes have very high resolution and sharper detection. They will be able to detect any exoplanet's atmosphere while it's transiting its star. In that detection, these telescopes may search for any biomarker molecules to detect the presence of life and habitability of the exoplanet.

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Benzoyle peroxide

This chemical helps to eliminate excess oil from the skin, kills acne-causing bacteria, and removes dead skin cells that can block pores. Products containing benzoyl peroxide are sold over the counter in strengths ranging from 2.5% to 10%.

He continues by saying that the petroleum jelly itself is ineffective at treating the zit. By creating a seal over the skin, it actually aids in protecting the skin barrier as the zit heals.

Scars from acne do not completely disappear on their own. With age, depressed acne scars frequently grow more obvious due to collagen loss in the skin. But there are numerous procedures that might lessen the prominence of acne scars. hyperpigmentation following inflammation or Within a few months, redness could naturally.

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The moment of inertia will be 2.5kgm².

Inertia method an item will keep its present-day movement till a few force causes its speed or course to change. The term is nicely understood as shorthand for "the principle of inertia" as described with the aid of Newton in his first regulation of motion.

Inertia is a property of count number that causes it to withstand changes in pace (pace and/or path). consistent with Newton's first regulation of movement, an object with a given speed maintains that velocity except acted on by an external pressure.

Inertia is the pressure that holds the universe together. literally. without it, count number would lack the electric forces vital to shaping its present-day arrangement. Inertia is counteracted by way of the warmth and kinetic strength produced with the aid of transferring debris.

Calculation:-

τ=Iα

31.4=I×4π

31.4=I×4(3.14)

⟹I=2.5kgm²

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The force (in n) must a 64.0 kg grouper exert to stay submerged in salt water if its body density is 1003 kg/m3 will be 15.6 newtons.

The push or pull on a mass-containing item changes its velocity. An external force is an agent that has the power to alter the resting or moving condition of a body. It has a direction and a magnitude. Therefore, we have the mass of the fish times g times the ratio of densities minus 1, which is 85.0 kilograms times 9.80 newtons per kilogram times 1.025 times 10 to the 3 kilograms per cubic meter (density of seawater) divided by 1015 kilograms per cubic meter (density of the fish) and equals 8.21 newtons.

F= d/a

=1003 /64

=15.6 N

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The ball moves the same distance when it was on the flatbed truck because of Relative velocity.

The relative velocity of the ball with respect to the truck is same as of truck with respect to ball at equal times.

Relative velocity - Relative velocity is velocity of an object in relation to another object

It is the measure of how fast two objects are moving with respect to each other.

The distance travelled by each object is determined by product of velocity and time of motion

d = vt

where, d= distance

v = velocity

t = time

so here we can say that if the ball is moved the same distance when it was on truck, then the relative velocity of the ball with respect to truck is same as of truck with the ball.

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Using the spring constant relation, the required length and compressed length of the spring at the given force values are 14 cm and 9 cm respectively.

A.) Using the given formula,

F = ke

Where k = spring constant , e = extension and e = (Final length - Initial length)

Initial length, l = 11

Final length = L1 = 12

F = k(12 - 11)

F = k(1)

F = k

Length for a restoring force of 3F ;

3F = k (Final length - Initial length)

k = F

3F = F(L1 - 10)

3F = - 11F + F(L1)

F(L1) = 3F + 11F

F(L1) = 14F

L1 = 14 cm

Hence, required length is 14 cm

B.) Let compressed length = c

2F = F(initial length - compressed length)

2F = F(10 - c)

2F = 11F - F(c)

F(c) = 11F - 2F

F(c) = 9F

c = 9F / F

c = 9 cm

Therefore, the required compressed length is 9 cm

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The time it takes the object to fall to the ground from a height of 12 m is 1.56 seconds.

Time can be defined as an ongoing and continuous sequence of events that occur in succession, from past through the present, and to the future.

To calculate the time it takes the object to fall to the ground, we use the formula below.

Formula:

Where:

From the question,

Given:

Substitute these values into equation 1 and solve for t.

Hence, the time it takes the object to fall to the ground is 1.56 seconds.

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Constructive interference occurs when crests of one wave overlap the crests of the other wave.

What are the properties of constructive interference?

The two waves must travel through the same medium along with the  properties of the waves must be the same. They should have same amplitude and wavelength. The amplitude of the wave is the height of the crest or trough.  Upward displacement occurs when the waves undergo constructive interference; hence, the upward displacement of the medium is greater than the displacement of the two interfering pulses.

It occurs when the phase difference between the two waves is an even multiple of π (180°).

Example:  When we see two speakers right next to each other, we can experience constructive interference when the distance from each speaker to the observer is the same. The path difference should be equal to zero.

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In this case, blast at intervals of not more than two minutes is the signal which will be  used by power-driven vessels when underway. One long  blast plus two short blasts at intervals of not more than two minutes is the signal used by sailing vessels.

Why do vessels sound signals in fog?

Heavy fog leads to severe issues  that lead to reduction in the signal-to-noise ratio to levels which may even affect the communication system.  It leads to Restricted Visibility. Therefore various methods are used including Foghorns , fog signals that warn vehicles of hazards or rocky coastlines , and some other boats in foggy conditions.

Apart from this certain other methods including prolonged blast, fog signals, communication with the satellite can be used. The whole process is undertaken to reduce the amount of harmful impacts, issues that may be faced by the vessels

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Power-driven vessel underway making way are required to sound this signal in fog.

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Distance = Speed x Time is a formula for calculating the total distance one covered while running at a constant speed.

To determine the total distance travelled if one is running at a constant speed we use formula:

d = s x t

d = distance covered

s = speed of the object

t = time taken.

The distance travelled is directly proportional to the amount of time required when the speed is constant.

d ∝ t

(at constant speed)

Distance = Speed x Time, is a formula for calculating the total distance one covered while running at a constant speed.

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The torque required to give the object an angular acceleration of 1.5 rad/s² is 1.5 Nm.

Objects that move in a translational manner use Newton's II law  (∑F = ma)and objects that move in a rotational manner also use the same concept of Newton's laws, but the quantity use rotational quantity . Then, Newton's Second Law for objects that move in a rotational manner or move in a circle uses the formula:

τ = (the moment inertia) x (the angular acceleration of the object)

With,

τ =  is the total torque acting on the object (Nm)

I = is the moment of inertia of the object (kgm²)

α = is the angular acceleration of the object (r4d/s²)

So, the required torque is:

τ = (1.00 kgm²) (1.5 r4d/s²)

= 1.5 Nm

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Answer:

Braking distance 126 meters

Explanation:

Given:

V₁ = 43 km/h = 43 000 m /  3 600 s ≈ 12 m/s

D₁ =14 m

V₂ = 129 km/h = 129 000 m / 3 600  s ≈ 36 m/s

____________________

D₂ - ?

D₁ = V₁² / (2·a)

2·a·D₁ = V₁²

a = V₁² / (2·D₁)

D₂ = V₂² / (2·a) = V₂²·2·D₁ / (2·V₁²) =

= V₂²·D₁ / V₁² = D₁·(V₂ / V₁)²

D₂ = 14·(36 / 12)² = 14·3² =  126 m

The braking distance has increased 9 times!

The rotation is in the counterclockwise direction and the angular acceleration is positive.

What is angular acceleration?

The temporal rate at which angular velocity changes is known as angular acceleration. The standard unit of measurement is radians per second per second. Therefore, = d d t. Rotational acceleration is another name for angular acceleration.

A rigid body's points all share the rotating velocity and acceleration.

Therefore, The rotation is in the counterclockwise direction and the angular acceleration is positive.

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The angular acceleration is positive and the rotation is counterclockwise.

Angular acceleration:

In physics, angular acceleration is the temporal rate of change of angular velocity. Because there are two types of angular velocity, spin angular velocity as well as orbital angular velocity, there are two types of angular acceleration, spin angular acceleration as well as orbital angular acceleration. Spin angular acceleration is the angular acceleration of a rigid body as to its centre of rotation, whereas orbital angular acceleration is the angular acceleration of a point particle around a fixed origin. Therefore, = d d t.

A rigid body's points all share the rotating velocity and acceleration.

Therefore, The rotation is in the counterclockwise direction and the angular acceleration is positive.

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When a net torque is given to a rigid object, it always causes an angular velocity change.

Torque is defined as a force that causes an object to revolve around an axis. In linear kinematics, force causes an item to accelerate; in rotational kinematics, torque causes an object to accelerate. Torque is a vector quantity.

Based on the vector values involved, we must predict what will happen when a net torque is applied to a rigid object.

As a result, when a net torque is applied to the rigid item, the rate of rotation changes.

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The distance traveled by the car before it stops when moving with a velocity of 21 m/s is 19.2 m.

Distance is the total length between two points.

To calculate the distance the car move before stopping, we use the formula below.

Formula:

Where:

From the question,

Given:

Substitute these values into equation 1

Hence, the distance traveled by the car before it stops is 19.2 m.

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The pressure at the bottom of the oil layer is given by,

P₁ = P₀ + ρgh₁ = (1.01 x 105 Pa) + (7 x 102 kg/m³) (9.8 m/s2) (8.4 m)

P₁ = (1.01 x 105 Pa) + (576.2 x 102 Pa)

P₁ = 1.58 x 105 Pa

Now, the pressure at the bottom of the tank which will be given using a formula, we have

P[tex]__{bottom}[/tex] = P1 + \rho g h2 = (1.58 x 105 Pa) + (1.025 x 103 kg/m3) (9.8 m/s2) (4.75 m)

P[tex]__{bottom}[/tex] = (1.58 x 105 Pa) + (47.7 x 103 Pa)

P[tex]__{bottom}[/tex] = 2.05 x 105 Pa

The pressure under mud will be given as

P₁ = P₀ + ρgh₁ = (1.01 x 105 Pa) + (1.75 x 103 kg/m3) (9.8 m/s2) (3.8 m)

P₁ = (1.01 x 105 Pa) + (65.1 x 103 Pa)

P₁ = 1.66 x 105 Pa

Now, the pressure on the top lid of a chest buried will be given as:

P[tex]__{top}[/tex] = P1 + \rho g h2 = (1.66 x 105 Pa) + (1.025 x 103 kg/m3) (9.8 m/s2) (11.5 m)

P[tex]__{top}[/tex] = (1.66 x 105 Pa) + (115.5 x 103 Pa)

P[tex]__{top}[/tex] = 2.81 x 105 Pa

The question is clearer in the picture

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Polarized light waves are those that have only one plane of vibration. Polarization is the process by which non-polarized light is converted into polarised light. There are numerous ways to polarise light.

A characteristic of transverse waves called polarisation identifies the geometric angle of the oscillations. A transverse wave's oscillation direction is perpendicular to the wave's motion direction.

given

Only 72.0% of the light's intensity makes it through the sheet and hits another sheet of polarising material. The second sheet lets no light flow through it.

Given that no light passes through the second sheet because both sheets are crossed, the angle the transmission axis of the second sheet makes with the vertical is

θ₂ = θ₁ + 90°

   = 31.94° + 90°

   = 1 21.94°

for the first sheet and

Icos²θ₁ = I

I/I₀ = 0.72

θ₁ = cos⁻¹√(0.72)

    = 31.94°

for the second sheet, respectively. This is because the malus law states that I = Iocos²θ₁ for the first sheet.

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a.) Kinetic energy = 1/2 × mv^2

=1/2 × 56 × 16^2

=7168 J

b.) Potential energy = m .g. h

=56 ×9.8 ×34

=18,678.24 J

c.) Total energy = kinetic energy + potential energy

=7168+18,678.24

=25,846.24 J

d ) Because no energy is lost or gained between the top of the hill and her initial arrival at the end of the run, then the total mechanical energy at the top of the hill or any place across the crest and the bottom of the crest .

Thus , Total mechanical energy = 25,846.24 J

e) As we know, total energy = potential energy + kinetic energy

but at the end of the run it's potential energy is zero.

So, Total energy = 1/2 ×m ×v^2

25,846.24= 1/2 ×56 ×v^2

V= 30.38 m/s

Hence, Suzie's speed as she arrives at the end of the run is 30.38 m/s

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The net torque applied to the item equals the rate of change of angular momentum.

The net torque is equal to the weight "mg" times the angle between the weight's line of action and the origin (x dL/dt = mgx = mgrCos) (36.8)

Alternatively, it is composed of the weight perpendicular to the position vector times its magnitude, r dL/dt = mgCos(36.8).

clearly the same equation.

Just enter the values because everything is already provided. Finding L's rate of change does not require knowledge of particle velocity.

what is angular momentum?

The characteristic of any rotating object determined by the product of the moment of inertia and the angular velocity is known as angular momentum. It is a characteristic of rotating bodies determined by the sum of their moment of inertia and angular velocity.

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The net torque is equal to the weight "mg" times the angle between the weight's line of action in  angular momentum and the origin (x dL/dt = mgx = mgrCos) (36.8)

What is angular momentum?

The characteristic of any rotating object determined by the product of the moment of inertia and the angular velocity is known as angular momentum. It is a characteristic of rotating bodies determined by the sum of their moment of inertia and angular velocity.

The net torque applied to the item equals the rate of change of angular momentum. Alternatively, it is composed of the weight perpendicular to the position vector times its magnitude, r dL/dt = mgCos(36.8).

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The rotating equivalent of force is torque. Depending on the subject of study, it is also known as the moment, moment of force, rotating force, or turning effect.

A coil's torque is determined by:

equals niABsin

where I is the coil's current

Area of the coil equals A.

Magentic field = B

n is the coil's total number of turns.

and = angle between the field B and area vector A

The maximum torque would occur at 900, where sinθ = 1.

Maximum torque therefore equals niAB.

alternatively 5.8N-m = (1200) i(1.1x10-2m2) (0.20-T)

or the coil's current, I is 2.196A

The formula for torque is rF=rFsin(r). To put it another way, the cross product of the distance vector and the force vector, where 'a' is the angle between r and F, is what is known as torque (the distance between the pivot point and the place where force is applied).

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Approximately 100 million times greater is the atmospheric pressure in jupiter's core than on earth's surface.

The average  atmospheric pressure at sea level at 15 degrees Celsius is the unit of measurement known as an atmosphere. 1,013 millibars is equal to 760 millimeters of mercury, or 29.92 inches, in one atmosphere. When the bulb is pressed, air from the tube and bulb escapes as bubbles. The liquid's surface does, however, experience atmospheric pressure. The water moves inside the tube when we release the bulb. The pressure that the air around us puts on us is known as air pressure, whereas the pressure that the atmosphere puts on the earth is known as atmospheric pressure. Mercury barometer is used to measure atmospheric pressure, while tore gauges are used to measure air pressure. Since our internal pressure is roughly equal to the external atmospheric pressure, we are not affected by the pressure of the atmosphere around us.

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The correct answer of speed at 5 m/s at the bottom.

What is the connection between speed and kinetic energy?

A moving object's kinetic energy is inversely related to its mass and to the square of its velocity. Accordingly, an item with identical mass and speed will have twice the kinetic energy as one with double the mass and speed will have four times the kinetic energy.

When starting from rest, the cart’s PE is changed into KE:

Change in PE  =  Change in KE = 1/2m(4)²

When starting from 3 m/s, the

final KE is: KEf=     KEi+    Change in KE= 1/2 m(3) ²+ 1/2m(4) ²=  1/2 m(25)

=  1/2 m(5) ²

Speed is not the same as kinetic energy

Hence the answer of speed is 5 m/s.  

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Answer:

I think that's because the force of gravity is greater than the buoyant force, and for the hot air balloons, they can increase/decrease the temperature of the air in the balloon in order for it to rise/fall for more control. For planes, they use aerodynamics as well as the help of a couple of engines to thrust the plane forward. I hope this helps.

The force involved is F₁.₅=-25.2KN when the car hit a wall and goes from a speed of 27m/s

A force is an influence in physics that can modify the velocity of an object. A force can modify the velocity of a mass item. A force is a vector quantity since it has both magnitude and direction. It is measured in newtons, the SI unit of mass (N). The sign F represents force.

In its original form, Newton's second law states that the net force acting on an object equals the rate at which its momentum varies with time.

We know that,

Force=ma

F=ma

F=m((v-u)/t)

Given, t=1.5 second

Velocity v=0m/s at stand still

And mass m=1400kg

Speed u=27m/s

F₁.₅=1400((0-27m/s)/1.5)

F₁.₅=-25.2KN

Therefore, the force involved is F₁.₅=-25.2KN

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The time required to fill a 25 liter container  with water is 8.3 minutes.

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The correct answer is 207 Newton Tension in the hitch that connects the trailer to the car.

What is Newton's second law of motion?

The relationship between the force applied to an object with mass and its net acceleration is described by Newton's second law of motion. This relationship is mathematically precisely proportional, which means that a greater force will produce a greater acceleration.

Given,

Initial Velocity = u = 0 m/s

Final Velocity = v = 11 m/s

Time = 27.2 Sec (Unit of time is not given, we consider Second as unit of time)

Mass = 514 Kg i.e., combined mass of boat and Trailer

Force = Mass x Acceleration (As Acceleration= Velocity / Time)

         = 514 x (11 / 27.2) = 207 N

Hence Tension is 207 N in the hitch that connects the trailer to the car (Frictional force is neglected here).

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 72.828×[tex]10^{-7}[/tex]Volt is the Hall potential between the edges of the ribbon.

We know that Hall potential is given by =IB/qnd where

I is the current flowing

,B is the magnetic field ,

q is the charge of the electron,

n is the charge density of electron,

and d is the thickness

So, we are given that current(I)=110Ampere,magnetic field(B)=1.25Tesla,

charge of electron(q)=1.6×[tex]10^{-19}[/tex]C, charge density (n)= 5.9x1028,thickness

(t) as 2.cm

So, putting the values of the respected quantities on the above formula ,we get

Hall potential([tex]V_h[/tex])=(110×1.25)/(1.6×[tex]10^{-19}[/tex]×5.9×[tex]10^{28}[/tex]×0.2×[tex]10^{-2}[/tex])

=>([tex]V_h[/tex])=[137.5/1.888]×[tex]10^{-7}[/tex]

=>([tex]V_h[/tex])=72.828×[tex]10^{-7}[/tex]Volt.

Hence, the Hall potential is 72.828×[tex]10^{-7}[/tex]Volt.

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(Complete question) is:

Figure shows a silver ribbon whose cross section is 1.0 cm by 0.20 cm. The ribbon carries a current of 110 A from left to right, and it lies in a uniform magnetic field of magnitude 1.25 T. Using a charge density value of n = 5.9x1028 electrons per cubic meter for silver, find the Hall potential between the edges of the ribbon.

Answer:

C  hit the ground at the same time

Explanation:

Both bullets have to fall the same VERTICAL distance and are affected by gravity the same way in this regard.

Using the gravitational force, the mass of item 1 and object 2, and the Newton's law of gravity calculator, one may calculate the distance between two objects.

g = GM/r2, where M is the Earth's mass, r is its radius (or the distance from the Earth's center to where you are standing), and G is the gravitational constant. The gravitational constant is G (without the subscripts), while the speed of light is c.

By applying Newton's equation, we can accomplish this quite easily: forcegravity is defined as G M m2 separation. Suppose that you weigh 60 kilograms and your colleague weighs 70 kilograms. The center-to-centre distance, r, is 1 m, and the gravitational constant, G, is 6.67 10 -11 newtons square meter kilogram-2.

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