Which of the following best describes an antigen?

Which Of The Following Best Describes An Antigen?

Answers

Answer 1
d.a protein that attacks foreign molecules
Answer 2

B. A recognition molecule on the surface of the cells.

What is antigen?

An antigen is a substance that is capable of triggering an immune response in the body. It is typically a foreign substance, such as a pathogen (e.g. a virus or bacterium), a toxin, or a non-infectious particle (e.g. pollen or dust), that is recognized by the immune system as being foreign and potentially harmful.

When an antigen enters the body, it is recognized by immune cells called B cells and T cells, which produce proteins called antibodies to help neutralize and remove the antigen. The antigen-antibody interaction is a key part of the body's immune response and helps to protect us against infectious diseases.

Antigens can also be present on the surface of our own cells, such as cancer cells or transplanted organs, and can trigger an immune response if they are recognized as foreign by the immune system.

Overall, antigens are important components of the body's immune system and play a critical role in protecting us against infectious diseases and other threats.

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Related Questions

Summarize how the overharvesting of a single species,such as baleen whales,can affect an entire ecosystem.

Answers

Answer:

Overharvesting can have a negative impact on an entire species because it can alter food web relationships. For example, if there are too many whales, many organisms may lose their food source and homes, or even worse, go extinct!

Source:

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recycling saves the rainforest true or false.​

Answers

True as it saves natural resources and from pollution of land.

ovulation is induced by a peak in the secretion of

Answers

Ovulation starts when the secretion of Luteinizing hormone (LH) peaks in females.

Ovulation is simply the release of eggs from the ovaries of females. It happens as a part of the menstrual cycles of the female gender.

The release of eggs from the ovary is triggered by an acute rise in the level of LH in females. LH in males stimulates the production of testosterone.

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Suppose that a patient is diagnosed with a new disease caused by the buildup of waste material in the body's cells. Which organelle is most likely malfunctioning in the patient's cells?

a) Golgi apparatus.
b) lysosome.
c) ribosome.
d) endoplasmic reticulum.​

Answers

Lysosome organelle is most likely malfunctioning in the patient's cells (option b),.

The organelle most likely malfunctioning in the patient's cells is the lysosome. Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles that contain enzymes responsible for breaking down waste materials, cellular debris, and foreign substances. They play a vital role in cellular waste disposal and recycling.

In this case, the patient is diagnosed with a disease caused by the buildup of waste material in the body's cells. This suggests that there is a problem with the breakdown and disposal of waste materials within the cells.

The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for transport within or outside the cell. It is not directly involved in waste material breakdown.

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis and are not directly involved in waste material breakdown either.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in protein synthesis, lipid metabolism, and detoxification. However, its dysfunction would not directly result in the buildup of waste material in the cells.

Therefore, considering the role of lysosomes in waste material breakdown, it is most likely that the malfunctioning organelle in the patient's cells is the lysosome. This malfunction would lead to the accumulation of waste material, causing the disease symptoms.

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The roller coaster is your favorite ride! but the line is always long! having just studied potential and kinetic energy in physics, you evaluate the energy changes of the cars as they move on the tracks. Compare the potential energy of the cars if they are stopped at points A to point D.

A. Neither have potential energy.
B. The potential energy is the same.
C. Potential energy is greatest at point D.
D. Potential energy is greatest at point A. ​

Answers

C. Potential energy is stored energy, point D is taller so it has more stored energy

Potential energy is greatest at point D. Therefore, option C is correct.

What is potential energy?

Potential energy is the energy that is stored inside of an object due to the object's position, state, or arrangement. When an object's position, status, or configuration changes, the energy that has been stored in it is released.

The gravitational potential energy of an item, the elastic potential energy of a stretched spring, and the electric potential energy of an electric charge in an electric field are examples of common types of potential energy.

Potential energy depends upon the mass and height of the object. The greater the mass and height, the greater will be the potential energy of the object. The height of position D is maximum, therefore potential energy is greatest at point D. Hence, option C is correct.

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Self replicating organelles made up of nine
bundles of microtubules and are on found in
animal cells.

Answers

The Answer is : Centrioles

Answer:

Self-replicating organelles made up of nine bundles of microtubules and are found only in animal cells. They appear to help in organizing cell division, but aren't essential to the process. * always found together and near the nucleus. Like a bundle of straws

Explanation:

What is a specific example of competitive advantage exhibited by Darwin’s finches?(1 point)

Birds have one of two forms of the HMGA2 gene.

Female finches mated with males that had similar-sized beak

All of the finches evolved from one ancestral species and adapted to their specific niche.

Medium ground finches with small beaks survived multiple droughts.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

All of the finches evolved from one ancestral species and adapted to their specific niche. of them evolved from one ancestral species, which colonized the islands only a few million years ago.

Darwin's finches, which was residing in the Galapagos archipelago and Cocos island, constitute an iconic model for studies of speciation and adaptive evolution. All of the finches evolved from one ancestral species and adapted to their specific niche.

What are the characteristics of Darwin's finches?

The evolutionary history of Darwin's finches is identified by a gene that explains variation in beak shape within and among species.

The major factor influencing the survival of the medium ground finches is weather and the availability of food.

As all of the finches evolved from a single ancestral species and adapted to their specific niche, it is a specific example of competitive advantage exhibited by Darwin’s finches.

Thus, the correct option is C.

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We need to recycle our waste because Earth is a closed system with respect to
matter, and new matter does not enter the environment. Agree or disagree

Answers

I disagree because although recycling is good, Earth firstly is not a closed system and new matter enters the environment all the time, such as comets.

In terms of matter, the Earth is often referred to as a closed system. In other words, the total amount of matter on Earth neither changes nor becomes more or less; Instead, it can take on different forms due to different processes.  So, I am agree with this statement.

Although the Sun provides the world with continuous energy, most of the actual matter on Earth is recycled and used in various cycles. Recycling of waste is important because it enables us to recover useful materials and resources, reducing the need for mining new raw materials from the earth. Recycling helps us to reduce the environmental damage caused by the extraction and disposal of waste as well as the depletion of natural resources. It helps maintain long-term equilibrium inside a closed system of matter on Earth.

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how might the shape of a muscle cell be related to its function

Answers

Answer: The muscle cells long oval shape helps it reach across to pull on its neighboring cells, while also cimpressing into a circular shape when the fibers contract. This it take up an optimal amount of space while not make the cell bulge in an uncomfortable and awkward way.

Explanation:

10. What are two examples of "typos" that happen when DNA is being copied?

Answers

Answer:

DNA “typos” cause variation

Explanation:

Any time DNA is copied, a mistake or change can occur in the letters of the DNA sequence, or gene. These changes result in variations or differences in DNA from person to person.

The "typos" that happen when DNA is being copied is mutations and variations.

What are mutations?

A mutation is a change that occurs in our DNA sequence, either due to mistakes when the DNA is copied or as the result of environmental factors such as UV light and cigarette smoke.

Moreover, mutations result either from errors in DNA replication or from the damaging effects of mutagens, such as chemicals and radiation, which react with DNA and change the structures of individual nucleotides.

Therefore, mutations within the DNA are a fairly common event. Mutations are random changes that occur within the sequence of bases in DNA. They can be large scale, altering the structure of the chromosomes.

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in pine trees Male pine cones contain:

Answers

Answer:

they male contain 2 seeds

I attached the worksheet. I only need help with the first page, not the second.

Answers

Answer:

I don't have space for the download can't you send screenshot

0
다.
II
2
3
5
101
1
Using the alleles A and a, what is the genotype of individual
a) 11-6
b) 1-4
11-7

Answers

Answer:

what is that supposed to be? maybe a pic of the question?

cholesterol is needed to build call membrane.what is cholesterol

Answers

Answer:

Answer below

Explanation:

Cholesterol refers to a group of chemical compounds. A sterol is a kind of lipid, and cholesterol is one of them. All animal cells produce cholesterol, which is an important structural component of cell membranes. It is a yellowish crystalline solid when chemically separated.

a sterol-type molecule present in most human tissues. Cholesterol and its derivatives are key components of cell membranes and precursors of other steroid chemicals, but a high proportion of low-density lipoprotein in the blood (which delivers cholesterol to the tissues) is linked to a higher risk of coronary heart disease.

Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like molecule found in all of your body's cells. Cholesterol is required by your body for the production of hormones, vitamin D, and chemicals that aid digestion. Your body produces all of the cholesterol you require.

______________________________________________________

(Hope this helps can I pls have brainlist (crown)☺️)

He or she are smart he/she is righht

The following are problems with rapid growth *
•overcrowded schools
•polluted rivers and drinking water
•barren land
•all above

Answers

Answer:

all above

Explanation:

Identify one part of a plant’s vascular system and explain its role.

Answers

Answer: One part of the plants vascular system is its stem which contains vascular tissues, giving it the strength to stand up, while also conducting water a nutrients to and from the roots, to the leaves.

Explanation:

Answer:

vascular system, in plants, assemblage of conducting tissues and associated supportive fibres. Xylem tissue transports water and dissolved minerals to the leaves, and phloem tissue conducts food from the leaves to all parts of the plant.

I just search this sorry if its wrong :)

TIME REMAINING
40:27
What must happen before a chemical reaction can begin?
The activation energy must be exceeded.
The activation energy must be reached.
The concentrations of products and reactants must be equal.
The concentration of reactant molecules must be reduced.

Answers

Answer:

A

Mark me as brainliest ONLY if my answer is correct

I apologize if my answer is incorrect I will better my answering strategies if it is incorrect.

Explanation:

A - the activation energy is the minimum energy needed for the reaction to take place

which fitness test measures your cardiovascular system?

Answers

Answer:

The Astrand Treadmill Test. The 2.4 km Run Test. The Multistage Bleep Test.

Explanation:

help with this plssssssssssssss

Answers

Answer:

blastocyst / blastula forms

Answer:

blastocyst

Explanation:

im not sure how to explain this i just took this test.

its one of those question you do flashcards for.

what is the purpose of a salt bridge in the voltaic cell?

Answers

Answer:

The purpose of the salt bridge is to keep the solutions electrically neutral and allow the free flow of ions from one cell to another. Without the salt bridge, positive and negative charges will build up around the electrodes causing the reaction to stop.

What type of energy is used? Photosynthesis transforms ___________ energy into ___________ energy in ___________ molecules.

Answers

Answer:

Photosynthesis converts solar energy into chemical energy that plants use to make glucose so they can grow.

Explanation:

During photosynthesis, solar energy is converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP molecules.

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During photosynthesis solar energy is converted into chemical energy in the form of energy rich bond of ATP molecule.

ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) and ADP (Adenosine diphosphate) molecules are termed currency of energy. ADP molecule is converted into ATP molecules, whenever energy is available in certain exothermic reactions of metabolism.

ATP molecules are store- house of energy. ATP molecule is broken down into ADP molecule in presence of enzyme ATPase, releasing energy whenever energy is required.

The synthesis of ATP molecules, utilizing solar energy during photosynthesis, is termed photo-phosphorylation.

These ATP molecules produced during light reaction of photosynthesis are utilized in dark reaction of photosynthesis (Calvin cycle).

ATP molecules synthesized during photo-phosphorylation may also be used in other metabolic reactions.

Photo-phosphorylation is of 2 types, i.e. Cyclic and Non-cyclic photo-phosphorylation.

Chlorophyll molecules entrap solar energy . There are 2 types of photo systems in chlorophyll. These are photo-system -I and photo-system-II .

The electrons of chlorophyll molecule of photo-system I get excited which pass through series of electron carriers in electron transport system arranged in the order of decreasing energy level.

During the passage of electrons from carriers of higher energy level to the carriers of lower energy level, the energy is lost which is utilized for converting ADP molecule into ATP molecule.

Photo-system I is concerned with light reaction of photosynthesis only, constituting cyclic photo-phosphorylation.

The electron transport during Photo-system II results in the synthesis of NADPH2 in presence of enzyme NADP reductase. NADPH2 is used in reduction reaction of Calvin cycle.

Both Photo-systems participate in non-cyclic photo-phosphorylation that results in the synthesis of NADPH2 in addition to the synthesis of ATP molecules.

The comparison of two bullets is possible with the comparison microscope. Such a study is made difficult by the fact that:

Answers

Answer:

The presence of grit and rust can to some degree alter the markings on bullets fired through the same barrel.

Explanation:

Why is the ability to perform photosynthesis an advantage to a Spotted Salamander

Answers

Answer:

the embryos release waste material, which the algae feed on. In turn the algae photosynthesis and release oxygen, which the embryos take in

Explanation:

Kimberly25ma can I have brainiest? Please. I will be your friend FOREVER! This is not a lie, FOREVER. Hehe please. I’m just playing I don’t want to be your friend but………. I need help with math sooooo you gotta help me out here.

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Help, please I'll give brainless but the answer got to make sense

Answers

Answer:it’s a machine to weave cloth

Reason: there was too much demand to do it by hand

Importance: it’s important because it changed the way people worked in the textile industry as they didn’t have to weave cloth by hand anymore and it saved tons of time

Reason: there was too much demand to do it by hand

Explain reproduction in gymnosperms. Biology

Answers

gymnosperm, any vascular plant that reproduces by means of an exposed seed, or ovule—unlike angiosperms, or flowering plants, whose seeds are enclosed by mature ovaries, or fruits. The seeds of many gymnosperms (literally “naked seeds”) are borne in cones and are not visible until maturity.

how long after conception can you get a positive pregnancy test

Answers

Answer: Although many tests indicate you can test as soon as five days before your next period, the most accurate results will be obtained after you have missed your period and the earliest a test can provide an accurate reading is 14 days after conception. Tests differ in sensitivity in detecting HCG in the urine.

Explanation:

Explain the importance of scientific names.

Answers

Answer:

Every recognized species on earth (at least in theory) is given a two-part scientific name. This system is called "binomial nomenclature." These names are important because they allow people throughout the world to communicate unambiguously about animal species.

The graph below shows the number of push-ups a
student completed in each of four 2-minute trials (A-
D) during a 15-minute exercise period.
70-1
65
60
Trial A
50
45
Trial B
Number of Push-ups
Trial
25
20
15
10
Trial D
5
0
D
2 3 4
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Time in Minutes
The concentration of lactic acid in the student's
muscle tissue was most likely greatest during trial
A) A В) В
C) C D) D

Answers

Option D has the highest concentration of lactic acid in the student's muscle tissue.

We can arrive at this answer because:

Lactic acid increases its concentrations in the muscle due to a high physical effort in anaerobic conditions.This promotes a lack of oxygenation in the muscle, which through contractions, causes the cell to partially catabolize glucose molecules.The result of this is the creation of two pyruvic acid molecules, which will react with NADH2 molecules, creating lactic acid, which will build up in the muscle as the exercise continues.

As we can see in the information presented above, option D shows the performance of flexions with more intensity and for a longer period, which justifies a greater accumulation of lactic acid in the muscle.

It is important to remember that the accumulation of lactic acid in the muscle is a negative situation and that it can cause muscle pain and fatigue.

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Which of the following vitamins helps prevent night blindness?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin E
D. Vitamin K

Answers

Answer:

Vitamin A

Explanation:

Vitamin helps corrects deficiency and  improve night blindness.

which of the following are photosynthetic organisms?​

Answers

Answer:

Plants, algae, and a group of bacteria called cyanobacteria are the only organisms capable of performing photosynthesis (Figure 1). Because they use light to manufacture their own food, they are called photoautotrophs (literally, “self-feeders using light”).

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