Proteins secreted by Gram-negative cells face multiple obstacles, including _____. Multiple choice question. moving across the periplasmic space underlying the thick peptidoglycan layer of the cell wall moving across the plasma membrane moving across the plasma membrane and the thick peptidoglycan layer of the cell wall moving across both the plasma membrane and the outer membrane

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

moving across both the plasma membrane and the outer membrane

Explanation:

Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that have a plasma membrane, a thin peptidoglycan layer, and an outer membrane (the space between the plasma membrane and the outer membrane is known as periplasm). Moreover, Gram-positive bacteria exhibit neither outer membrane nor periplasmic space and are surrounded by thick layers of peptidoglycan. Gram-negative bacteria have developed different protein secretion systems (types I–VI and type VIII) in order to secrete proteins into the extracellular space. For such purpose, the XcpQ protein (which is an outer membrane protein from the secretin family) participates in different transport processes in Gram-negative bacteria.


Related Questions

The Pearson Correlation Coefficient is a tool used in understanding the behavior of gene expression. A positive ratio means a gene is induced in cancer cells and is transcribed at a higher rate. A negative ratio means a gene is suppressed in cancer cells or is transcribed less frequently than in normal cells. What form of gene expression do you think would lead to a correlation coefficient of one

Answers

Answer:

the gene is being expressed at an equal rate in both cell types

Explanation:

In statistics, the Pearson correlation is a linear measure of the association between two continuous variables. The Pearson's Correlation Coefficient may exhibit values between -1 and +1. A value equal to 1 shows a perfect correlation, indicating that when one variable increases the second variable also increases (when this value is +1) or decreases (when this value is -1). Moreover, when the Correlation Coefficient is equal to 0 it means that there is no correlation.

hey i would really appreciate if someone helps me out
1. Why should we care that the panthera tigris is going extinct? Explain how humans might be affected by the loss of the panthera tigris.

Answers

Answer: I believe tigers, also known as "Panthera tigris" are important to humans because they balance the ecosystem. When creatures go extinct they leave behind a scar that affects the ecosystem that is around them. Since Tigers are secondary consumers they control natural prey populations. The connection to the food web is very important and essential to keep this food web stable. Once something goes extinct it will cause the food web to shift and some primary producers will go out of control.

Explanation: Not sure if this helped at all this is just what I know about the food web. Panthera Tigris are secondry consumers so they control the primary producer population. This is just basic food web and ecosystem thinking. This is how they impact humans if they go extinct.

Why did Gregor Mendel use peas in his experiments?
Peas grow very slowly.
Pea reproduction cannot be controlled.
Peas normally produce very few offspring.
Peas have characteristics that have two forms.

Answers

Answer: Peas have characteristics that have two forms

Explanation: He chose peas because they had been used for similar studies, are easy to grow and can be sown each year. Pea flowers contain both male and female parts, called stamen and stigma, and usually self-pollinate. Self-pollination happens before the flowers open, so progeny are produced from a single plant.

Peas having characteristics that have two forms is the reason they were

used by Gregor Mendel

Who was Gregor Mendel?

He was a biologist and is regarded s the father of modern genetics. He

performed various experiments using pea plants.

The reason why the pea plants was used by him was as  result of it having

characterisitics in two forms such as smooth and wrinkled etc.

Read more about Gregor Mendel here https://brainly.com/question/1675246

What is a mutation?

A. A change that occurs in RNA only

B. A change that occurs in DNA only

C. A change that occurs in DNA or RNA

Answers

[tex]\huge\colorbox{purple}A\colorbox{blue}n\colorbox{purple}s\colorbox{blue}w\colorbox{purple}e\colorbox{blue}r [/tex]

[tex]\color{Violet}\rm{Heree!}[/tex]

For me the answer is letter B.

hope it's help✨

__________________________________

“‘The mountains may shift, and the hills may be shaken, but my faithful love won’t shift from you, and my covenant of peace won’t be shaken,’ says the Lord, the one who pities you.” — Isaiah 54:10 ❤

__________________________________

Answer:

C. A change that occurs in DNA or RNA

Explanation:

A mutation is a change that occurs in our DNA sequence, either due to mistakes when the DNA is copied or as the result of environmental factors such as UV light and cigarette smoke.

where does osmosis take place

Answers

Answer:

In Gastrointestinal system:

When we eat food or drink water, it travels from our mouth, down our oesophagus and into our stomach. In the stomach, the food is broken into tiny pieces that are mixed with stomach liquids. This mush of food and stomach liquids is called chyme. The chyme travels into the small intestine. This is where osmosis takes place.

In our Kidneys:

Our kidneys keep blood and tissue fluid (internal environment) 'clean' by removing urea, excess water and other wastes and excreting them. This controls the amounts of dissolved substances in blood and tissue fluid, a process called osmoregulation. If tissue fluid becomes too concentrated, cells will lose water by osmosis and become dehydrated and if it becomes too dilute, cells will take in excess water by osmosis.

water is warmers by the sun and ?

Answers

Answer:and then it evaporates into the atmosphere

Explanation:

A multicellular organism. Define multicellularity and explain how you know this organism is multicellular.

Answers

Answer:

A multicelular organism

Explanation:

You can tell an organism is multicellular because it contains more than one cell. It has many cells that help build the organism.

Which of the following is definitely true about the kingdom, Protista.
A. They always have a cell wall

B. They always have a nucleus

C. They are always unicellular

D. They are always heterotrophs

Answers

Answer:

B. They always have a nucleus

Explanation:

The organisms belonging to kingdom Protista are single-celled- means they are unicellular and they have a well-defined nucleus enclosed in a nuclear membrane. Hence, they are eukaryotes. So the correct option is B.

Answer:

B. They always have a nucleus

Explanation:

Protista always has a nucleus. So, option (B) is the correct answer.

what find of spider of this kind of spider is this?

Answers

Answer:

Fishing Spider

Explanation:

Dolomedes is a genus of large spiders of the family Pisauridae. They are also known as fishing spiders, raft spiders, dock spiders or wharf spiders

That is a fishing spider!! Hope this helps!

how many molecules of DNA would result from one molecule after five cycles of PCR?

Answers

PCR is responsible for the doubling of molecules of DNA replication. Therefore, after five cycles the result will be V power of 2. Therefore, the correct answer is 32.

Which example below is a concern related to nuclear energy?

long-term storage of waste

supplemental energy may be needed if weather is not ideal for energy collection

can be unsightly and/or noisy

potential for floods

Answers

Answer:

C. can be unsightly and/or noisy

Explanation:

Answers A, B, and D correspond with fossil fuels (fracking, coal/gas mines), wind/environmentally-powered energy (turbines), and hydroelectric power (dams).

"Noisy" and "unsightly" are the most accurate descriptions of the nuclear energy process.

If this helped you, I'd appreciate Brainliest! <3 TY

Why is it that we use the two-name binomial nomenclature invented by Carl Linneaus still to this day?
A. Because mountain lions and pumas are actually very different animals.

B. Because the system is widely accepted and used all over the world universally.

C. Because everybody knows how to speak Latin and Greek.

D. Because Carl Linneaus was just that important.

Answers

Answer:

B. Because the system is widely accepted and used all over the world universally.

Explanation:

In contrast to earlier names that were made up of diagnostic phrases, binomial names (or “trivial” names, as Linnaeus himself called them) conferred no bias about the quality or value of plant species named. Rather, they served as labels by which a species could be universally addressed.

Answer:

B. Because the system is widely accepted and used all over the world universally.

Explanation:

We use the two-name binomial nomenclature invented by Carl Linneaus still to this day because, the system is widely accepted and used all over the world universally.

Which of the following best explains how meiosis, followed by fertilization, ensures genetic variation?

Answers

Answer:

Having two phases of meiosis allow for more unique cells to be produced. Meiosis is a form of asexual reproduction which leads to more genetic variation. Meiosis produces 4 haploid daughter cells which all contain identical DNA segments.

Explanation:

hope this helps  if not I'm sorry

What is the difference between gene mutations and chromosome mutations?
A. Gene mutations are preventable and chromosome mutations are not

B. Gene mutations can happen easily and chromosome mutations are more difficult

C. Gene mutations only affect one gene while chromosome mutations affect many genes

Answers

Answer:

C. Gene mutations only affect one gene while chromosome mutations affect many genes.

Explanation:

The difference is that the gene mutations only affect one gene while chromosome mutations affect many genes.

What will you have in 500 years????

Answers

Answer: You Palpatine, I'd still have you.

Explanation:

How does mining impact the enviorment

Answers

Environmental impacts of mining can occur at local, regional, and global scales through direct and indirect mining practices. Impacts can result in erosion, sinkholes, loss of biodiversity, or the contamination of soil, groundwater, and surface water by the chemicals emitted from mining processes.

Answer:

Mine exploration, construction, operation, and maintenance may result in land-use change, and may have associated negative impacts on environments, including deforestation, erosion, contamination and alteration of soil profiles, contamination of local streams and wetlands, and an increase in noise level, dust

Name the site of erythropoiesis in adults

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:As stated above, in adults the principal sites of red cell production, called erythropoiesis, are the marrow spaces of the vertebrae, ribs, breastbone, and pelvis.

What’s an opinion you have about genetic testing?

Answers

Answer:

Genetic testing is useful in many areas of medicine and can change the medical care you or your family member receives. For example, genetic testing can provide a diagnosis for a genetic condition such as Fragile X or information about your risk to develop cancer. There are many different kinds of genetic tests

which gland will need to produce hormone after eating banana?

A. pituitary gland

B. thyroid

C. adrenal glands

D. Pancreas​

Answers

Answer:

thyroid

Explanation:

Right after we eat a sugary meal, the glucose levels in our blood begin to rise. Conversely, if we haven't eaten for a couple of hours our blood glucose levels begin to drop. Our body has a mechanism whereby it maintains blood glucose levels.

hi! can someone help with this question?

"Why is the nitrogen cycle essential to plant and animal life?"

Answers

Answer:

Plants and animals could not live without nitrogen. It is an important part of many cells and processes such as amino acids, proteins, and even our DNA. It is also needed to make chlorophyll in plants, which plants use in photosynthesis to make their food and energy

Help Brainliest to anyone who answers me ASAP!!!
Which scenario is an example of a negative feedback loop?
A.
When body temperature increases, sweat is produced as a cooling agent to lower body temperature.
B.
In some parts of the world, birth rates are far exceeding death rates, which has led to overpopulation.
C.
Ice reflects sunlight much better than water. A warmer atmosphere is turning ice to water, which is absorbing more of the Sun’s energy.
D.
A warmer atmosphere is leading to warmer oceans. A warm ocean releases more carbon dioxide, which traps more heat in Earth’s atmosphere.

Answers

Answer:

A)

Explanation:

Question has been asked before so I know the answer.

Which is not a major reservoir of carbon?
O rivers and lakes
O oceans
O living things
O fossil fuels

Answers

Answer:

i think its fossil fuels but dont dont quote me on that

Scientists often look for similar genes in very dissimilar organisms as evidence that they are related.
O True
False

Answers

Answer:

True

Explanation:

Earth scientists have concluded that the methods of harnessing energy that have been used over the past two centuries, such as the burning of fossil fuels, are causing climates around the world to change more quickly and suddenly than ever before in human history. Evidence includes increased air temperatures, rising sea levels, and the shrinking of glaciers in Greenland, Alaska, and other regions of Earth. The most complex level of organizational hierarchy that climate change could potentially affect is Earth’s
biosphere.
communities.
organisms.
populations.

Answers

The most complex level of organizational hierarchy that climate change could potentially affect is Earth's biosphere.

What is biosphere?

The biosphere refers to the global ecological system that encompasses all living organisms and their interactions with the physical environment. It includes various interconnected ecosystems, such as forests, oceans, grasslands, and deserts, along with the diverse array of species and their habitats.

Climate change, with its wide-ranging impacts on temperature, precipitation patterns, and other environmental factors, can disrupt ecosystems and alter the distribution and abundance of species within the biosphere. These changes can have cascading effects on communities of organisms, populations of species, and the overall functioning of ecosystems. Therefore, the biosphere represents the highest level of organization that climate change can potentially impact.

Learn more about biosphere, here:

https://brainly.com/question/20531374

#SPJ5

What are substances that make the plant body erect?

Answers

Answer:

The root system, which supports the plants and absorbs water and minerals, is usually underground. The organ systems of a typical plant are illustrated below. The shoot system of a plant consists of leaves, stems, flowers, and fruits. The root system anchors the plant while absorbing water and minerals from the soil.

Red-green color blindness is an X-linked recessive disorder that is passed through generations and can be traced by using a pedigree.

A pedigree is shown. Sam, Bella, Joshua, and Tim have filled-in shapes. Lisa and Monica have half-filled shapes.

Which individuals in the pedigree are identified and labeled carriers for red-green color blindness?
Lisa and Monica
Sam, Tim, Bella, and Joshua
Ben, Jenny, Mike, Carol, Katie, and Chris
Ben and Lisa

Answers

They all have the disease. However, carriers are generally consider those who can give the disease, but don’t have it themselves. This would make the answer Lisa and Monica as they have the recessive gene, but only have one allele, meaning they carry the gene for color blindness, but fortunately do not have it due to the dominant allele being normal.

Answer:

Lisa and monica

Explanation:

just took the test :))

What does stage 4 show?
A. A young female cone with fertilized eggs matures into a seed
cone.
B. A spore divides and grows into a pollen grain using mitosis.
C. Young male cones produce spores using meiosis.
D. A seed that contains an embryo plant grows into a young pine
tree.

Answers

Answer:

A.

Explanation:

It looks like the pine cone looks like is turning into a normal cone. That is why.

Answer: A. it looks as if its matured from being a young cone

Which of these can lead to the extinction of a species?
Plz help

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

It would be A because if you lost your home they will be killed by predictors

Read the article and use the information to answer the following questions.

Cystic Fibrosis

List four symptoms associated with cystic fibrosis.

Answers

Answer:

so hope it helps i think.

Explanation:

Chronic coughing.

Recurring chest colds.

Wheezing or shortness of breath.

Frequent sinus infections.

Very salty-tasting skin.

Answer: person above is correct

Explanation:

pleeaasee help me its about plants and i dont know how do itttt

Answers

Petunia = perennial

Fescue grass = perennial

carrots = biennial

sweet corn = annual

tomato = annual

blueberry = perennial

cabbage = biennial

zinnia = annual

sugar maple = ??

blue spruce = annual

ur welcome xx

The guy above did a good job those are the answers
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Division of labor and specialization 8. A 22 g bullet with a speed of 230 m/s is fired in to a tree and comes to rest 23 cm intothe treea) Find the work done by the tree to stop the bulletb) Find the average force exerted by the tree Beryllium is in Group 2.What does this tell you about the electronic structure of beryllium? To test this series for convergence (4^n+7)/7^nn=1You could use the limit comparison test, comparing it to the series r^n n=1Where r=???Completing the test, it shows the series: HELP!! Will give brainliest to anyone that helps3.4.5 cm4 cm11 m6 cmVolume =Volume =Show all work!! Hi I got help from a person on the last one and I wanna thank you so much! but this is the ONLY page I need to do and Im using all my points for it so pls try taking ur time doing this and pls no links! or any people who use it for just points. Pls help this is due today thanks! Have a amazing day! The Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 attempted to a reverse the forced assimilation of Native Americans into white society by establishing tribal self-government. b persuade Native Americans to give up their native crafts and tribal traditions. c reinforce the coercive assimilation policies since the Dawes Act of 1887. d encourage Native Americans to give up their land claims. e pressure Native Americans to renounce self-government. Solve the system by substitution.2x 3y = 38-x 6 = y Write an obituary for Hannibal, explaining why the Carthaginian leader was such an important, and feared enemy of the Romans. how does drugs affect school performance Candace complete a 3.1 mile run in 22 1/2 minutes. At that pace, what is her unit rate, in minutes per mile? Round your answer to the nearest tenth. Tema 3. Escribe un sustantivo al lado decada adjetivo y un adjetivo al lado de cada sustantivo.1. Palo ________________2. Toalla _______________3. ________________ grandioso4. ________________ delicado5. Lentes ________________ While on a trip to South Africa, Madison was impressed with the colorful woven outdoor placemats, floor mats, chair cushions, and umbrellas that local artisans were weaving. Upon returning to the United States, she was confident that U.S. consumers would be as intrigued by these accessories as she was. Madison decided to explore the possibility of starting an import business to bring these products to the United States. Which statement seems to be good advice for Madison? Which list of words and phrases would be most useful when drafting a comparative literature essay?opinion, analysis, evaluationfirst, next, until, thenwhile, both, only one, howeverof, into, because of, besides Please help me with my work I will take the exam tomorrow into yes no Question. What is the combined weight of all the kittens ?pls help Sheridan Corporation had 2020 net income of $798,000. During 2020, Sheridan paid a dividend of $2 per share on 33,200 shares of preferred stock. During 2020, Sheridan had outstanding 236,000 shares of common stock.Required:Compute Sheridan's 2020 earnings per share. What is an opportunity cost?A. the best alternative not chosenB. the opportunity to make a different decisionC. the benefit of marginal thinkingD. the price paid for the trade-off Please help, will give Brainliest and 40 points!