a responder can protect himself/herself from radiation by using shielding as a response action. what materials are best for protecting against alpha particles?
The best material that can protect alpha particles are few millimeter thick aluminium, water, wood, acrylic glass or plastic.
The materials which are best for protection against beta particles are few millimeter thick of aluminium, but for the high energy beta-particles radiations the low atomic mass materials such as plastic, wood, water and acrylic glass are advisable and can be used.
The above materials (aluminium, water, wood, acrylic glass or plastic) can also be used in personal protective equipment which includes all the clothing that can be worn to protect us against any injury or illness due to the exposure to radiation.
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What are the values of δs for the water, the surroundings, and the universe for the evaporation of water from an open pan at 25°c?.
The values of entropy δs for the water, the surroundings, and the universe for the evaporation of water are positive, negative, positive.
What is entropy?
Entropy is a term used to describe the increase in disorganization inside a system or the assessment of the degree of unpredictability. It is denoted by δs.
Gases have a higher entropy than liquids, which in turn has a higher entropy than solids. The entropy of water increases when it transforms from a liquid to a gas.
So, δs of water is positive.
The environment's entropy must decrease in order to provide the system with the thermal energy it needs.
So, δs of surroundings is negative.
The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that if a process is spontaneous i.e. water evaporation in universe.
So, δs of evaporation from open pan is positive.
The values of δs for the water, the surroundings, and the universe for the evaporation of water are positive, negative, positive.
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calculate the molecular weight (g/mol) of a gas if 35.44 g of the gas stored in a 7.50 l tank exerts a pressure of 60.0 atm at a temperature of 35.5 oc.
The molecular weight (g/mol) of a gas if 35.44 g of the gas stored in a 7.50 l tank exerts a pressure of 60.0 atm at a temperature of 35.5 oc is 1.99 g per mole.( By the ideal gas equation).
How to solve?the ideal gas law: PV = nRT
P=60.0 atm, V = 7.5 L, T = 35.5 oC = (35.5+273) K = 308.5K
n = 35.44g
PV/RT =n
(60.0)(7.5)/0.821)(308.5) = 17.8 mol
M = 35.44/17.8 = 1.99 g/mol.
What is Charles Law and Boyle's law?Boyle's Law tells us, the volume of gas increases as the pressure decreases. Charles' Law tells us, the volume of gas increases as the temperature increases. And Avogadro's Law tell us ,the volume of gas increases as the amount of gas increases.
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the enthalpy for boiling water is 40.7 kj/mol. what is the quantity of heat (in kj) required to boil 945.1 g of water?
The quantity of heat (in kj) required to boil 945.1 g of water is 2134.30 KJ
Enthalpy of vaporization is theamount of heat required to evaporate the one mole of liquid under constant temperature and pressure. It is also called heat of vaporization.
Δ[tex]H_{vap}[/tex](enthalpy of vaporization of H2o)=40.7 KJ/mol
moles of H2o=945.1 gm
moles of H2o=mass/molar mass
=945.1gm/18.02 gm/mol
=52.44 mol
Δ[tex]H'_{vap}[/tex] to boil 426.1 of H2O= Δ[tex]H_{vap}[/tex]*no. of moles
= 40.7 KJ/mol*52.44 mol
= 2134.30 KJ
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a gaseous mixture of o2 and n2 contains 40.8 % nitrogen by mass. what is the partial pressure of oxygen in the mixture if the total pressure is 345 mmhg ?
A gaseous combination of oxygen and nitrogen with a mass percentage of 40.8% has a partial pressure of oxygen of 160.77 mmHg and a total pressure of 345 mmHg.
How do partial and total pressure differ?When we have a combination of two or more gases in a given volume, the word partial pressure is used to indicate the pressure that is brought on by each individual gas in the mixture. The partial pressures of the component gases are added to determine the overall pressure of the gas combination. Ptot = ∑Pi = P1 + P2 + P3 ...
We've been questioned.
A gaseous mixture of O₂ and N₂ contains 40.8% nitrogen by mass, that is, in 100 g of the mixture, there are 40.8 g of N₂. The mass of O₂ in 100 g of the mixture is:
[tex]mo_{2} = 100g - 40.8g = 59.2g[/tex]
We will convert both masses to moles using their molar masses.
[tex]n_{2}[/tex] : 40.8 g * 1 mol / 28.00 g = 1.45mol
O₂ : 40.8 *1 mol / 32.00g = 1.27mol
The mole fraction of O₂ is:
mole fraction of O₂ = nO₂ / n[tex]n_{2}[/tex] + nO₂ = 1.27 / 1.45 + 1.27 = 0.466
Given the total pressure (P) is 345 mmHg, we can calculate the partial pressure of oxygen using the following expression.
pO₂ = p * mole fraction of O₂
pO₂ = 345 * 0.466
pO₂ = 160.77mmHg
A gaseous mixture of O₂ and N₂ that contains 40.8% nitrogen by mass, and whose total pressure is 345 mmHg, has a partial pressure of oxygen of 160.77 mmHg.
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Calculate the pH of a solution which contains 7.5 x 10-9 mol/L OH^-1(aq).
The pH of acid is between 0-7 on pH scale while for base pH range is from 7-14. Therefore, the pH of 1.0 x 10⁻³ M of solution is 7.002. pH is a unitless quantity.
What is pH?pH is a measurement of amount of hydronium ion H₃O⁺ in a given sample. More the value of hydronium ion concentration, more will be the solution acidic.
On subtracting pH from 14, we get pOH which measures the concentration of hydroxide ion in a given solution. pH depend on the temperature. At room temperature pH scale is between 0 to 14. pH of neutral solution is 7.
[H⁺]x[OH⁻] = 10⁻¹⁴
[OH⁻]= 7.5 x 10⁻⁹ M
[H⁺] x 7.5 x 10⁻⁹ = 10⁻¹⁴
[H+]x( 7.5 x 10⁻⁹ +[H+])=10⁻¹⁴
[H+]² + 7.5 x 10⁻⁹ [H+] – 10⁻¹⁴ = 0
[H+] = 0.995x10⁻⁷
pH =-log [H+]
pH =-log [0.995x10⁻⁷ ]
= 7.002
Therefore, the pH of 1.0 x 10⁻³ M of solution is 7.002.
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After assembling a gravity filtration apparatus, begin the separation of a mixture by choose. It into the filter paper. Pour the entire contents of the mixture into the filter paper, choose. The solid in the filter paper if needed to speed up the filtration. After all the liquid has drained through the filter paper, finish by rinsing the solid with choose. .
After assembling a gravity filtration apparatus, begin the separation of a mixture by [DECANTING ] it into the filter paper.
What are the steps?
After assembling a gravity filtration apparatus, begin the separation of a mixture by [DECANTING ] it into the filter paper. Pour the entire contents of the mixture into the filter paper, [ STIRRING ] the solid in the filter paper if needed to speed up the filtration. After all the liquid has drained through the filter paper, finish by rinsing the solid with [ SOLVENT ]
After a mixture has been poured through filter paper, the [ SOLID ] component remains on top while the [ LIQUID ] flows through. To collect the solid, spread the filter paper [ ON A WATCH GLASS ] and allow the solvent to [ EVAPORATE ].
Once the vacuum filtration set-up is complete, start by [ ADDING A SMALL AMOUNT OF WATER ] in the filter funnel. then, [ SLOWLY DECANT ] the mixture [ INTO THE MIDDLE OF THE FILTER PAPER ]
Thus, After assembling a gravity filtration apparatus, begin the separation of a mixture by [DECANTING ] it into the filter paper.
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Quadrilateral efgh has the given measurements. Ef = 8 units fg = 15 units gh = 8 units eh = 15 units fh = 17 units eg = 17 units what conclusion can be made from the given information?.
A conclusion which can be made from the given information about quadrilateral EFGH is that: A. the quadrilateral is both a parallelogram and a rectangle.
What is Quadrilateral?
A quadrilateral is a closed object in geometry that is created by connecting four points, any three of which are not collinear. There are 4 sides, 4 angles, and 4 vertices in a quadrilateral. The word "quadrilateral" is derived from the Latin "quadra" (four) and "latus" (sides). A quadrilateral may or may not have equal sides on all four sides.
A polygon with four sides, four angles, and four vertices is called a quadrilateral. The arrangement of the vertices must be taken into consideration whenever a quadrilateral is named. The following quadrilateral, for instance, should be referred to as ABCD, BCDA, ADCB, or DCBA. Since they alter the order of vertices in which a quadrilateral is generated, it cannot be termed ACBD or DBAC.
In this scenario, we can reasonably infer and logically deduce that quadrilateral EFGH is both a parallelogram and a rectangle because the length of its diagonal are equal and it has adjacent sides of equal of length.
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Most of the energy released in citric acid cycle reactions is conserved in ________.
Most of the energy released in citric acid cycle reactions is conserved in NADH.
What is NADH?
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is a central coenzyme of metabolism. NAD is found in all living cells and is called a dinucleotide because it consists of two nucleotides joined by a phosphate group. One nucleotide contains one adenine nucleobase and one nicotinamide.
NADH stands for "Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD) + Hydrogen (H)", which occurs naturally in the body and is involved in energy production. NADH produced by the body is involved in the production of energy in the body. Taking NADH supplements can affect blood pressure and have other effects.
Therefore, Most of the energy released in citric acid cycle reactions is conserved in NADH.
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what is the lewis structure for carbon tetraiodide, which contains one carbon and four iodine atoms?
The lewis structure for carbon tetraiodide, which contains one carbon and four iodine atoms is carbon has four electrons in its valence shell(2s22p2).
Lewis structures, also known as Lewis dot formulas, electron dot structures, or Lewis electron dot structures (LEDS), are diagrams that show how atoms interact with one another inside of molecules as well as any lone pairs of electrons that may be present. Lewis structures can be found in coordination compounds as well as any molecule having a covalent bond. The Lewis structure was initially introduced by Gilbert N. Lewis in his 1916 article The Atom and the Molecule. Lewis structures expand on the concept of the electron dot diagram by adding lines between atoms to represent shared pairs in a chemical bond.
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You add 100.0 g of water at 60.0 °C to 100.0 g of ice at 0.00 °C. Some of the ice melts and cools the water to 0.00 °C. When the ice and water mixture has come to a uniform temperature of 0 °C, how much ice has melted?
By deducting the mass of the cup and water from the combined mass of the cup, water, and ice cubes, you may find the mass of the ice cubes. The mass of the ice cubes would be 110.4 g - 103.4 g = 7.0 g if the cup, water, and ice collectively weighed 110.4 g.
What size is the melting mass of ice?Both no particles are lost and no particles are gained. Additionally, the particles' size and shape do not alter. As a result, during phase change, matter and mass (or weight) are conserved (remain the same).
How do you figure out how much heat ice gains?Energy gained by the ice equals the sum of the energy lost by the thermometer and the water. Using a polystyrene container in place of a copper container.
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How many mg are in 0.750 moles of zinc?
Answer:
To find the number of milligrams (mg) in 0.750 moles of zinc, you will need to know the atomic weight of zinc. The atomic weight of zinc is 65.38 g/mol.
To convert from moles to milligrams, you will need to multiply the number of moles by the atomic weight of zinc and then multiply by 1000 to convert the weight to milligrams.
Thus, the number of milligrams in 0.750 moles of zinc is:
0.750 moles * 65.38 g/mol * 1000 mg/g = 48.7850 mg
So there are approximately 48.79 mg of zinc in 0.750 moles of the element.
Explanation:
if a fractional distillation failed to separate two components efficiently, what alternatives would one consider to effect a clean separation by distillation?
Wrap an insulator, such as aluminum foil, around the distillation column. The insulation will enable the vapors to ascend to the column's top and exit through the condenser.
What determines fractional distillation's efficacy?Fractional distillation is more effective when the two liquids in the mixture have similar boiling points, typically with a difference of less than 40 degrees Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit).
How should distilled water be made in order to be most effective?Distilling is a straightforward procedure that involves heating tap water till it turns to vapor. If there are any mineral traces, they are left behind when the vapor returns to becoming water. The resultant condensed liquid is distilled water.
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HELP!!!!!!!!!!!!!Rank the following elements by increasing atomic radius: carbon, aluminum, oxygen, potassium.
Answer:
oxygen<carbon<aluminium<potassium
Explanation:
atomic radius increases down the group but decreases across the period
When scientists study ice cores, how many
general parts to an ice core do they look at?
1-2
2-3
3-1
4-4
The active ingredient in Tums is calcium carbonate. One Tums tablet contains 500 mg of calcium carbonate. If the Daily Value (DV) for Ca2+ to maintain bone strength in older women is 1500mg, how many Tums tablets are needed each day?
If the daily value for Ca is 1500 mg, the number of Tums tablets needed by older women each day would be 7.5 tablets.
Stoichiometric problemCalcium carbonate consists of calcium and carbonate ions as follows:
[tex]CaCO_3 -- > Ca^{2+} + CO_3^{2-}[/tex]
Thus, for every 1 mole of calcium carbonate, 1 mole of calcium is involved.
Recall that: mole = mass/molar mass
500 mg of calcium carbonate would be equivalent to:
0.5/100 = 0.005 mol
The equivalent mole of calcium would also be 0.005 mol.
5 mol of calcium would be equivalent to:
0.005 x 40 = 0.2 grams or 200 mg of calcium.
This means that 1 Tums tablet, contains 200 mg of calcium. But 1500 mg is needed daily.
1500/200 = 7.5
This means that older women will need to take 7.5 tablets of Tums per day in order to meet up with the daily calcium requirement of 1500 mg.
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Why do you think that Mercury and Mars have the same gravitational
acceleration, but different masses?
Answer: well, i'm pretty the mass part came down to how well the atoms all bonded with each other after they were scattered into space after a supernova explosion.
Explanation:
and to be honest... i'm not sure about the gravitational explanation. i assumed that gravitational acceleration depended on an individual object's mass/weight...
Which of the following has the least elastic potential energy?
A: a fully stretched rubber band
B: a rubber band sitting on a table
C: a rubber band pulling hair back
Answer:
B
Explanation:
B.
The rubber band is not being stretched which does not create any potential energy storage.
Use electron-dot notation to demonstrate the formation of ionic compounds involving the following: a. Li and Cl. b. Ca and I
Answer:
tangol is Ca Li -56-(99)
HELP ME PLEASE WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST
Answer:
2mg+2hcl------>mgcl2+h2
Answer: When magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid, it produces magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas. To write the formula for this reaction, we first need to identify the elements involved and their respective chemical symbols. The chemical symbol for magnesium is Mg, the symbol for hydrochloric acid is HCl, and the symbol for hydrogen is H.
Next, we need to balance the equation by making sure that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the arrow. In this case, we have one atom of magnesium on the left side of the arrow and one atom of hydrogen on the right side. However, we also have one atom of chlorine on the left side and two atoms of hydrogen on the right side. To balance the equation, we need to add a coefficient of 2 in front of the HCl on the left side, so that the equation becomes:
Mg + 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
This balanced equation shows that for every one atom of magnesium that reacts with two atoms of hydrochloric acid, two atoms of magnesium chloride and two atoms of hydrogen gas are produced.
what is the final volume of a gas that initially occupies 2.50 l at 298 k and is subsequently heated to 321 k? (assume the pressure is constant and no gas particles are lost.)
The volume of the gas at 321 K would be 2.69 Litres, if the volume of gas at 298 K is 2.5 L
Since the pressure depends on the number of moles, it will remain constant and rest of formula is
[tex]\frac{Volume_{Intial} }{temperature_{inital}}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{Volume_{Final} }{temperature_{final} }[/tex]
which on cross multiplying becomes :
Volume(f) = (Volume(i) X temperature(f)) / temperature(i)
Volume = (2.5 * 321) / 298 = 2.69 Liters
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Which equipment is used to stop fires in a laboratory? extinguisher bunsen burner first aid kit eye wash.
Fire extinguisher is used to stop fires in a laboratory.
Chemical splashes on to your face then we should go to eye wash station for washing face.
Bunsen burner is knocked over while lit and a large fire is started then we should use fire extinguisher and should come out of lab.
Carbon dioxide in fire extinguisher is more denser than oxygen so when we spray carbon dioxide on fire, it cut off the contact with oxygen and fire goes off.
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How many grams are contained in 0.27 moles of calcium?
Answer:
[tex]40.08 \: grams[/tex]
Explanation:
Therefore, 0.27 moles of calcium to grams is the game as 0.27 moles of Ca to grams, 0.27 moles of calcium to g, and 0.27 moles of Ca to g. Furthermore, the atomic mass of calcium is 40.08. That means that one mole of calcium weighs 40.08 grams (40.08 g/mol).
Where did the 2 come from?
Answer:
somewhere
Explanation:
(b) Describe tests the student could do to show that the mixture contains
potassium carbonate and potassium iodide.
The flame test, adding HCl, and adding diluted nitric acid to solution are the tests that show that the mixes include potassium carbonate and potassium iodide.
Why is HCl acid used?In the food, textile, metal, and rubber sectors, hydrogen chloride (HCl) is frequently employed as a bleach agent to neutralize acidic substances. When discharged into the soil, it is neutral, when it comes in contact with water, it hydrolyzes quickly.
Briefing:
Explanation of how to do a flame test
Potassium ions are present if the flame is lilac/not lilac and yellow if the flame is yellow.
If bubbles of gas occur after adding diluted hydrochloric or nitric acid to the solid, the presence of carbonate ions will allow the gas to bubble through limewater; if the potassium hydroxide turns milky or murky, the presence of carbon dioxide will cause the crystal to dissolve in water.
If there is no reaction with the acid, add diluted nitric acid and silver nitrate solution.
If a precipitate is white, chloride ions are present; if it is yellow, iodine ions are present.
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Calculate the number of molecules in 9.04 moles of Barium hydroxide,
Ba(OH)2.
Answer: 5.44 x 10^24
Explanation:
Converting between molecules and moles is done by either multiplying by or dividing by Avogadro's number:
1-To go from moles to molecules, multiply the number of moles
by 6.022 x 10^23.
2-To go from molecules to moles, divide the numbers of molecules
by 6.022 x 10^23.
Given number of moles (9.04) We can compensate directly using the formula (Moles equal number of atoms/molecules over Avogadro's number)
Number of molecules = 9.04 x 6.022 x 10^23= 54.43888 x 10^23
now applying significant figure rules the answer is rounded to 3 digits and wrote in scientific notation making the final answer 5.44 x 10^24
what functional group would be expected to be present in the final product between 1-hexyne and a mixture
The functional group that is expected to be present in the final product between 1-hexyne and mixture of mercuric sulfate and aqueous sulfuric acid is Ketone.
What is ketone?In organic chemistry, ketone is a functional group with the structure R–C–R', where R and R' can be various carbon-containing substituents. Ketones contain a carbonyl group –C– and the simplest ketone is acetone, with the formula CH₃CCH₃.
The reaction between 1-hexyne and mercuric sulphate in the presence of aqueous Sulphuric acid is a reaction that forms a product containing a carbonyl group.
The reaction occurs in alkynes but product formed depends on the structure of the alkyne. An aldehyde or ketone can be formed depending on the structure of the alkyne.
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Note: The question given on the portal is incomplete. Here is the complete question.
Question: What functional group would be expected to be found in the major, and final, organic product upon completion of the reaction between 1-hexyne and a mixture of mercuric sulfate and aqueous sulfuric acid?
during the 4th of july celebration, a little kid asks you how they make fireworks different colors
Answer:
Mineral elements provide the color in fireworks. Barium produces bright greens; strontium yields deep reds; copper produces blues; and sodium yields yellow.
Explanation:
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how much carbon dioxide have we emitted into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels since the industrial revolution? group of answer choices a million tons half a trillion tons half a billion tons a billion tons
The Answer is d. half a trillion tons
What is fossil fuels?
Fossil fuel is a term for non-renewable energy sources such as coal, crude oil, coal products, derived gas, natural gas, petroleum products and non-renewable wastes. These fuels originate from plants and animals that existed in the geological past (millions of years ago).
When fossil fuels are burned, they release large amounts of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, into the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere, causing global warming.
I suppose the question is :
How much carbon dioxide have we emitted into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels since the industrial revolution?
a- a million tons
b- a billion tons
c- half a billion tons
d- half a trillion tons
e- a trillion tons
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what sort of plot would you have obtained if fractional distillation had given you a complete separation of component
Firstly till 5mL temperature remains constant then suddenly rise in temperature and then again constant.
What is fractional distillation?
Fractional distillation is a type of distillation process that separates a mixture of liquids into its individual components (or fractions) based on their boiling points. This process is commonly used in the petrochemical and oil refining industries to separate large volumes of crude oil into more useful fractions. The process takes advantage of the differences in boiling points of the various components of the mixture, which can vary widely. The process begins by heating the mixture to a temperature where at least one of the components will vaporize. The vapor is then collected and condensed back into the liquid phase. This process is repeated until all of the desired components are collected. This method of separation is extremely efficient and cost-effective compared to other methods, such as liquid-liquid extraction or chromatography.
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