The majority of physical capital investment in a market-oriented economy would be made by private companies, hence fiscal policy should aim to prevent persistently large budget deficits that might discourage such investment.
How Fiscal Policy Can Improve Technology?The lifeblood of new technology is research and development (R&D) efforts. According to the National Science Foundation, federal expenditures for R&D and physical plant upgrades to various government agencies have stayed at an average of 8.8% of GDP. One-fifth of Americans live in the U.S. Defense and space-focused R&D receives funding. Indirect civilian R&D spending is more likely to benefit the civilian economy than defense-focused R&D, even though it occasionally results in consumer-oriented spinoffs.Direct spending or taxation are two ways that fiscal policy can promote R&D. Government could spend more on R&D conducted in government laboratories and increase federal R&D grants to universities and colleges, nonprofit organizations, and the private sector.Data from the National Science Foundation show that by 2014, the federal portion of R&D expenditures reached $135.5 billion, or about 4% of all budget expenditures for the federal government. Tax incentives are another way that fiscal policy can aid in R&D. These incentives let businesses pay less in taxes while increasing their R&D expenditures.To Learn more About fiscal policy refer To:
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Taggart Transcontinental has an equity cost of capital of 12%, a market capitalization of $15 billion, an enterprise value of $20 billion, a debt cost of capital of 7%, and a marginal tax rate of 25%. Assume that Taggart Transcontinental maintains a constant debt-equity ratio, Currently Taggart Transcontinental is considering a project with average risk that is projected to generate the following cash flows: Year 0 1 2 3FCF 250 -350 200 300Question Taggart Transcontinental's weighted average cost of capital (wace) is closest to?
The WACC for Taggart Transcontinental is roughly 10.75%. The present value of the project's cash flows can then be calculated using this WACC, after which you can decide whether to accept or reject the project.
How do you calculate the WACC?First, you need to calculate the weight of equity in the capital structure. You can do this by dividing the market capitalization by the enterprise value:
Weight of equity = Market capitalization / Enterprise value
= $15 billion / $20 billion
= 0.75
Next, you can calculate the weight of debt in the capital structure by subtracting the weight of equity from 1:
Weight of debt = 1 - Weight of equity
= 1 - 0.75
= 0.25
Then, you can use the weights of equity and debt and the respective costs of capital to calculate the WACC:
WACC = (Weight of equity x Equity cost of capital) + (Weight of debt x Debt cost of capital x (1 - Marginal tax rate))
= (0.75 x 12%) + (0.25 x 7% x (1 - 25%))
= 9% + 1.75%
= 10.75%
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Initial investment -Basic calculation Cushing Corporation is considering the purchase of a new grading machine to replace the existing one. The existing machine was purchased 3 years ago at an installed cost of $20,000 ; it was being depreciated under MACRS using a 5-year recovery period. (See table LOADING... for the applicable depreciation percentages.) The existing machine is expected to have a usable life of at least 5 more years. The new machine costs $36,000 and requires $4,500 in installation costs; it will be depreciated using a 5-year recovery period under MACRS. The existing machine can currently be sold for $25,600 without incurring any removal or cleanup costs. The firm is subject to a 40% tax rate. Calculate the initial investment associated with the proposed purchase of a new grading machine.
The initial investment associated with purchasing a new grading machine is $14,900.
What is the initial investment for a replacement asset?The initial investment for a replacement asset is determined by subtracting the net sales proceeds of the old asset from the installed costs of the new asset.
The installed costs of a new asset include the purchase and installation costs.
Cost of old machine = $20,000
Accumulated MACRS depreciation rate = 71.2% (20% + 32% + 19.20%)
Accumulated depreciation after 2 years, using 5-year MACRS = $14,240 ($20,000 x 71.2%)
Book value after 2 years = $5,760 ($20,000 - $14,240)
Sales proceed = $25,600
Capital gains = $19,840 ($25,600 - $5,760)
Capital gains tax rate = 40%
Capital gains tax = $7,936 ($19,840 x 40%)
After-tax proceeds = $17,664 ($25,600 - $7,936)
Cost of the new machine = $36,000
Installation cost = $4,500
The installed cost of the new machine = $40,500 ($36,000 + $4,500)
Thus, the initial investment for the replacement asset is $14,900 ($40,500 - $25,600).
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Question Completion:MACRS 5-year Declining Method:
Year Depreciation Rate
1 20%
2 32%
3 19.20%
4 11.52%
5 11.52%
6 5.76%
Suppose that all the necessary conditions exist for the realization of equal wage rates in every labor market, but that currently the wage rate in market X is higher than the wage rate in market Y We expect that eventually the wage rate O in market X will increase more. O in market Y will decrease. O in market X will decrease and the wage rate in market Y will increase. O will not chan ge in either market, because something out of the ordinary must have caused the wage rates in the two markets not to be equalQuestion 21 2.5 pts Two possible ways to increase union wages indirectly are to increase of union labor the demand for union labor or increase the supply ○ True False
If all the necessary conditions exist for the realization of equal wage rates in every labor market, in market X will decrease and the wage rate in market Y will increase.
What do you mean by a wage per hour?Hourly pay is the amount that an employee receives for each hour that they work. There is no specified or targeted annual compensation for an hourly employee. Instead, the number of hours worked by an employee during each pay period—which could be a week, two weeks, half a month, or an entire month—determines how much they are paid.
The method of paymentCosts that must be covered in cash or currency notes:
With the exception of the employer, who may do so with the employee's written consent, pay the employee by check or by crediting his bank account, all wages must be paid in current coin, currency notes, or both.
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Type your answer in the box. Suppose that in the last year consumers spent $12 billion on durable goods, $34 billion on non-durable goods, and $44 billion on services. Consumption equals $ billion. (Enter a number In the blank.)
Consumption equals to $90Billion when durable goods , nondurable goods and services are counted.
(Consumption = Durable goods + Non-durable Goods + Services;)
C = $12 + $34 +$ 44
consumption = $ 90
Durable goods :
Durable goods are products that can be used for more than three years. This includes RVs, large and small appliances, furniture and fixtures, carpets and rugs, automobiles, rubber tires, lead acid batteries, boats, appliances, luggage, sporting goods, household goods and jewelry.
Non durable goods :Paper and cardboard products account for the largest share of consumer goods. Other non-perishable products include paper and plastic plates, cups and other disposable hospitality products, disposable diapers, clothing and shoes, bedding and miscellaneous items. Consumables are purchased for immediate or near-immediate use and have a lifespan of minutes to three years. Common examples include food, beverages, clothing, shoes, and gasoline.
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the reserve ratio, open-market operations, and the discount rate are tools of policy used by the fed to alter commercial bank reserves.
The reserve ratio, open-market transactions, and discount rate are monetary policy instruments that the Fed uses to modify commercial bank reserves.
What Does Reserve Ratio Mean?
The reserve ratio is the percentage of reservable liabilities that commercial banks are required to keep onto and refrain from lending to or investing in. The requirement is set by the nation's central bank, in this case the Federal Reserve in the United States. The cash reserve ratio is another name for it.
The terms "reserve requirement" and "reserve ratio" are frequently used interchangeably to refer to the minimum number of reserves that a bank must maintain. The Federal Reserve Board's Regulation D specifies the reserve ratio. All depository institutions with transaction accounts are subject to a consistent set of reserve requirements established by Regulation D, which also mandates that banks submit routine reports to the Federal Reserve.
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A crisis in which there is a shortage of cash for expanding a business after an exponential increase in sales is termed _____.A. nonsufficient fundsB. reconcilingC. charge backD. growth trap
A crisis in which there is a shortage of cash for expanding a business after an exponential increase in sales is termed as Growth trap.
Explain in detail.
A growth trap is simply a growth stock that fails projections in the same manner as one that looks costly but actually appears to be growing quickly. According to Inker, these are even more prevalent and harmful than value traps.A value trap is when an investor believes a stock is undervalued (cheap to purchase) based on its fundamentals and market price, but this turns out not to be the case.Therefore, the correct option is option D.
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karyn wants to evaluate some bonds she is contemplating buying. in order to adequately evaluate them, she should check the bond yields, read the bond quotes in a paper, and check the group of answer choices company rating. par values. bond ratings. company's performance.
Karyn wants to evaluate some bonds she is contemplating buying. In order to adequately evaluate them, she should check the bond yields, read the bond quotes in a paper, and check the bond ratings.
What are Bond ratings?
A bond rating is a means to assess a bond's creditworthiness, which relates to how much an issuer will pay to borrow money. In these ratings, bonds are often given a letter grade indicating their credit worthiness.
Bonds classified as investment grade received ratings of "AAA" to "BBB-" from Standard & Poor's and "Aaa" to "Baa3" from Moody's. Lower ratings apply to junk bonds.
All other things being equal, a bond's interest rate will be lower the higher its grade.
Bond ratings play a critical role in influencing investors' perceptions of the value and stability of a given bond. As a result, these ratings have a significant impact on bond pricing, interest rates, and investor interest.
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For the majority of businesses, newly-proposed financial reforms by the U.S. House of Representatives and the Senate will likely increase the time and cost of obtaining financing.True
True, The U.S. House of Representatives and Senate's recently proposed financial reforms are likely to lengthen the application process and raise the cost of borrowing for the majority of firms.
The correct answer is true
What do u mean by "finance"?Finance is the term used to describe the process of raising capital or money for virtually any type of expenditure. It entails allocating various finance options, including credit, loans, including investment capital, to the organizations that can utilize them most efficiently.
What's the difference between loans and financing?When you finance an automobile, you take out a loan that you return over time. When you get a personal loan, you promise to pay it back within a certain time frame, along with interest and any costs.
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select all that apply which of the following statements about the statement of cash flows are correct? (check all that apply.) multiple select question. the purpose is to report cash receipts and cash payments during a period. in certain circumstances, it can replace the statement of retained earnings. it details the sources and uses of cash.
The following claims regarding the cash flow statement are true.
What is cash flows?Cash flow is the amount of cash that comes in and goes out of a company. Businesses take in money from sales as revenues and spend money on expenses. They may also receive income from interest, investments, royalties, and licensing agreements and sell products on credit, expecting to actually receive the cash owed at a late date.Assessing the amounts, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows, along with where they originate and where they go, is one of the most important objectives of financial reporting. It is essential for assessing a company’s liquidity, flexibility, and overall financial performance.Cash flows can be analyzed using the cash flow statement, a standard financial statement that reports on a company's sources and usage of cash over a specified time period.To learn more about financial reporting refer to:
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What happens if the insured tenant and the insurance company fail to agree on the amount of loss?.
Answer: The insurance policy becomes null and void
Explanation:
That's the answer.
suppose the governments of two very similar economies, economy n and economy m, implement a tax cut of equal size. the tax cut in economy n is permanent, while the tax cut in economy m is temporary. the economies are otherwise completely identical. the tax cut will have a larger impact on aggregate demand in the economy with the . continue without saving
Tax cuts decrease governmental income, resulting in a budget deficit or an increase in sovereign debt.
Describe a budget.By making a written budget, you may select how much money you will spend each month. You can make sure you have enough money each month by creating a budget. You run the risk of running out of money before your next pay period if you don't create a budget. Your spending plan displays your income.
Why is budgeting crucial?Making a budget promotes financial security. Because it helps you keep track of your spending and stick to a plan, a Tax cuts decrease governmental income, resulting in a budget deficit or an increase in sovereign debt.
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b. Suppose demand for computer software increases. This increases the value of Jim's contributions to the firm to $650. What is the maximum wage at which Allison would be willing to hire Jim?
Answer:
If the value of Jim's contribution increases to the firm to $650 then the maximum wage that Allison would be willing to pay will also increase to $650.
this project will also utilize a database to store all inventory items, financial data, and past orders. when the user closes the program, this information must be retained so that when they open the program later, the data remains.
Database management system (DBMS) is a collection of programs that enables users to create and maintain a database.
A database management system (DBMS) is a piece of software that is used to construct and administer databases. It can be used personally by a single person or corporately by a large number of users.
The GRANT ALL option grants the user myuser full access to all databases and tables. This offers the user total power over your databases and related data, as you could have guessed. With higher level administrators and trusted users, you would use this command.
To create or open a table in Datasheet view, right-click the desired table in the Navigation Pane and select Datasheet view from the shortcut menu. This will allow you to enter data in the Add New Field column. Enter the name of the field you want to create in the Add New Field column.
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Chad is willing to pay $5.00 to get his first cup of morning latte. He buys a cup from a vendor selling latte for $3.75 per cup. Chad's consumer surplus
The amount of money Chad was prepared to spend consumer surplus on his second latte was less than it was on his first.
Consumer surplus is the difference between the asking price for a good and the price the consumer ultimately pays.
In the specific scenario, Chad was prepared to shell out $5 for his initial cappuccino. He paid $3.75 for the initial cup.
His consumption surplus, then, for the first cup he bought was $5 - $3.75 = $1.25.
The consumer surplus for the second latte he bought was similarly $4.5 - $3.90.
= $0.6
Due to his declining consumer surplus in the case of the second cup and the diminishing marginal utility effect, which causes utility obtained from further consumption to decrease, Chad was willing to pay $4.5 rather than $5 for the second latte.
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The complete question is
Chad is willing to pay $5.00 to get his first cup of morning latté; he is willing to pay $4.50 for a second cup. He buys his first cup from a vendor selling latté for $3.75 per cup. He returns to that vendor later in the morning to find that the vendor has increased her price to $3.90 per cup. Chad buys a second cup. Which of the following statements is correct?
a. Chad’s consumer surplus on his second cup of latté was larger than his consumer surplus on his first cup of latté.
b. Chad places a higher value on his second cup of latté than on his first cup of latté.
c. Chad’s willingness to pay for his second cup of latté was smaller than his willingness to pay for his first cup of latté.
d. Chad is irrational in that he is willing to pay a different price for his second cup of latté than what he is willing to pay for his first cup of latté.
Electronic commerce initiatives are, in general, more successful than other types of information systems implementations. T or F
Initiatives in electronic commerce are typically more effective than other forms of information technology implementations. It is true.
Companies and individuals who buy and sell goods and services online are said to engage in electronic commerce, or ecommerce. E-commerce is a multifaceted industry that may be carried out on computers, tablets, smartphones, and other smart devices. Ecommerce transactions allow for the purchase of almost any good or service imaginable, including publications, music, airline tickets, and financial products like stock trading and online banking. It is therefore seen as a particularly disruptive technology.
Online purchasing and selling of physical goods and services is known as e-commerce, as was previously mentioned. To conduct a transaction, more than one person is involved, and money or data must be exchanged. It is a component of the larger sector known as "electronic business" (ebusiness).
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Like the partners in a partnership, the shareholders in a corporation cannot change without affecting the continued existence of the firm.a. Trueb. False
A partnership firm's existence is constrained to the lifestyles of the partners. Eventually, when all the partners die, the partnership association comes to an end as there is no one left to look after the business.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of a organisation when compared to a partnership?The agency and its stockholders are problem to double taxation; It is taxed when it is earned and once more when it is distributed to stockholders as dividends.
The partnership is a enterprise that is owned through two or extra humans with the intent to make a profit. The employer is a legal entity that is organized in accordance to the laws of the kingdom in which it is formed. The enterprise employer is separate from its proprietors
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https://brainly.com/question/14034519#SPJ4During the _____ of the systems development life cycle (SDLC), an information system is operating, enhancements and modifications to the system have been developed and tested, and hardware and software components have been added or replaced.
maintenance phase
During the maintenance phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC), an information system is operating, enhancements and modifications to the system have been developed and tested, and hardware and software components have been added or replaced.
After the product has been fully operational, the SDLC moves on to the maintenance phase. Program updates, fixes, and remedies for the software when it malfunctions are all examples of software maintenance. It is common for software programmes to need updating or integrating with brand-new systems that the client deploys.
This stage sees the implementation and operation of systems and products, the development and testing of system improvements and/or alterations, and the addition or replacement of hardware and software components.
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oriole company gathered the following recociling information in preparing its april bank reconciliation
Option (D) is accurate; the adjusted amount or cash balance as of April 30 is $24260.
Why do you call reconciliation anything else?
Conciliate and terms like accommodate, adapt, adjust, and conform are commonly used interchangeably. Even while all these terms pertain to "putting one item into correspondence with another," reconcile means to reveal the underlying compatibility of things that at first seem to be incompatible. I attempted to make sense of what he said in light of my understanding.
What is reconciliation's primary goal?
Purpose: The process of reconciliation guarantees the reliability and correctness of financial data. A thorough reconciliation procedure also makes sure that no illegal changes were made to transactions while they were being processed.
Briefing:
The adjusted coins stability in keeping with books on April 30
= (Cash stability + Notes receivable and hobby gathered via way of means of financial institution Printing 1 Charge NSF check) 1
=( $ 19,700 + $6,630 - $220 - $1,250) = $ 24,260
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multiple choice question when applied overhead is more than actual overhead, the journal entry made at the end of the period cost of goods sold. multiple choice question. has no effect on increases reduces
If the applied overhead exceeds the actual amount incurred, overhead is said to be overapplied.
What do you understand by the term overhead?
No matter how much or how little a company sells, it always has expenses to cover. For instance, a service-based business with an office must additionally pay overhead expenses like rent, power, and insurance in addition to the direct costs of providing its service (such as staff and supplies).
The amount of overhead expenses is shown on an organization's income statement and directly affects the business's overall profitability. Overhead expenses must be taken into account when calculating net income, often known as the corporation's bottom line. Net profitability is calculated by deducting all production-related and overhead expenses from net revenue, sometimes referred to as the company' top line.
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All else being equal, an increase in government spending would shift the ______ line to the ______, causing interest rates to _______ and the trade balance to _______.
All else being equal, an increase in government spending would shift the IS line to the right, causing the interest rates to rise and the trade balance to rise.
IS-LM model represents the relationship between the market for economic goods or investment-savings level (IS) and money market or the level of liquidity preference-money supply (LM). The intersection between both curves shows the short-run equilibrium between interest rates and output. The X-axis of IS-LM graph is income or output (GDP / Y), and its Y-axis is interest rates.
IS-LM graph is depended on 3 factors: liquidity, investment, and consumption. LM graph is affected by the amount and velocity of money supply in the market. Meanwhile the marginal decisions of individu affected both investment and consumption.
IS curve reflects the set of all levels of interest rate and output where the level of investment and the level of saving are equal. LM curve reflects the relationship between the levels of income and interest rates where money supply equals money demand. IS curve slopes downward and LM curve slopes upward.
When government increase its spending, the output (GDP) will increase since government spending is one of variables affecting GDP level. Hence, the IS curve will shift to the right. Because LM curve remains the same, the new equilibrium will appear in the higher interest rate and higher output level.
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The intergenerational elasticity provides the percentage difference in a child's status given a 1% difference in their parents status. In the US today it is approximately _____, while in a perfect meritocracy it would be _____. A) 0.15; 0
B) 0.5; 0
C) 0.15; 1
D) 0.5; 1
The intergenerational elasticity provides the percentage difference in a child's status given a 1% difference in their parents status. In the US today it is approximately 0.5 while in a perfect meritocracy it would be 0.
What is intergenerational elasticity?
Assuming that the intergenerational relationship is constant across the income distribution, intergenerational elasticity theorises that changes in inequality between generations have an impact on the intergenerational relationship. Less is known about the characteristics of new intergenerational persistence measures.
If intergenerational elasticity provides: 1% difference in their parents status
Now in the US it is approximately 0.5,
While in a perfect meritocracy it would be less than 0.5(0.5>)
As per above given option then it In perfect meritocracy it would 0.
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Douglas Whipple Corporation needs $200 million to expand its production and to develop new products. It has agreed to issue written pledges that it will repay a specified amount of money with interest on a particular day. Because it is uncertain it will have sufficient funds available if all of the pledges should become due on the same day, none of the pledges will be paid during the first 15 years. After 15 years, 10 percent of the pledges will mature each year until all of them are retired at the end of the 25th year. What are the pledges?
Note that the pledges here are serial bonds. (Option C). A serial bond is a type of bond that matures in installments over a specified period of time, rather than all at once.
What is a Serial Bond?In the scenario described, the Douglas Whipple Corporation has agreed to issue written pledges to repay a specified amount of money with interest on a particular day.
These pledges will not be paid for the first 15 years, after which 10 percent will mature each year until all of them are retired at the end of the 25th year. This indicates that the pledges are serial bonds, which mature in installments over a period of time.
Registered bonds and term-loan agreements are not the correct answers because they do not fit the description of the pledges in the scenario.
Registered bonds are bonds that are registered in the name of the owner, and term-loan agreements are contracts between a borrower and a lender that outline the terms of a loan.
Bond indentures are contracts that outline the terms and conditions of a bond, but they do not specify the type of bond being issued.
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Full Question:
Douglas Whipple Corporation needs $200 million to expand its production and to develop new products. Is has agreed to issue written pledges that it will repay a specified amount of money with interest on a particular day. Because it is uncertain it will have sufficient funds available if all of the pledges should become due on the same day, none of the pledges will be paid during the first 15 years. After 15 years, 10 percent of the pledges will mature each year until all of them are retired at the end of the 25th year. What are the pledges?
A. Registered bonds
B. Term-loan agreements
C. Serial bonds
D. Bond indentures
ch 2 kb. increases to finished goods can also be found as decreases to which account? group of answer choices work in process manufacturing overhead cost of goods manufactured raw materials
Cost of goods manufactured work in process.
production is the creation or manufacturing of goods with the help of device, hard work, machines, equipment, and chemical or organic processing or method. it is the essence of secondary sector of the economic system.[1] The term may also consult with a variety of human hobby, from handicraft to excessive-tech, but it's far most typically applied to business design, in which raw materials from the primary area are converted into completed items on a large scale. Such items may be sold to different manufacturers for the production of different more complicated products (such as plane, family home equipment, furniture, sports device or motors), or allotted via the tertiary industry to cease customers and customers (typically via wholesalers, who in turn promote to retailers, who then promote them to person clients).
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In long-run equilibrium, all firms in a pure competition market situation operating under a condition of certainty will have identical costs even though they may use different production and operation techniques.
a. true
b. false
In long-run equilibrium, all firms in a pure competition market situation will have identical costs even though they may use different production and operation techniques. ---- true
Long Run Equilibrium of the Firm :
In the long run, firms reach equilibrium when they adjust their assets to produce at the lowest point of the long-term average cost (AC) curve. This curve is tangent to the demand curve defined by market prices. In the long run, the company will only get a normal profit. Markets are in long-term equilibrium when prices perfectly match production costs and the economy is at its full potential. In the long-run equilibrium, unemployment falls to its natural state. When this happens, the economy is using all its resources and the actual GDP equals the potential GDP.
What does it mean that the market is in long-term equilibrium?A perfectly competitive market reaches long-term equilibrium when not all firms are making economic profits and the number of firms in the market does not change.
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Auditors may review the portion of accounts payable that is ______ at YE and compare it to corresponding data for previous years.a. not yet dueb. past duec. paid
Auditors may review the portion of accounts payable that is completeness at YE and compare it to corresponding data for previous years.
Accounts payableAccounts payable and management is a vital business procedure that allows an institution to properly manage its financial responsibilities. The amount due by a company to its vendors/suppliers for products and services received is referred to as accounts payable. To put it another way, whenever an organization orders items and receives them before paying for them, it should record a liability in its books of accounts based on the invoice amount. Accounts payable refers to the short-term liability owed to suppliers, vendors, and others.
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Koontz Company manufactures a number of products. The standards relating to one of these products are shown below, along with actual cost data for May.
Standard Cost per Unit Actual Cost per Unit
Direct materials:
Standard: 1.80 feet at $3.00 per foot $ 5.40
Actual: 1.80 feet at $3.30 per foot $ 5.94
Direct labor:
Standard: 0.90 hours at $18.00 per hour 16.20
Actual: 0.92 hours at $17.50 per hour 16.10
Variable overhead:
Standard: 0.90 hours at $5.00 per hour 4.50
Actual: 0.92 hours at $4.50 per hour 4.14
Total cost per unit $ 26.10 $ 26.18
Excess of actual cost over standard cost per unit $ 0.08
The production superintendent was pleased when he saw this report and commented: “This $0.08 excess cost is well within the 2 percent limit management has set for acceptable variances. It's obvious that there's not much to worry about with this product."
Actual production for the month was 12,000 units. Variable overhead cost is assigned to products on the basis of direct labor-hours. There were no beginning or ending inventories of materials.
Required:
Compute the following variances for May:
Materials price and quantity variances.
Labor rate and efficiency variances.
Variable overhead rate and efficiency variances.
How much of the $0.08 excess unit cost is traceable to each of the variances computed in requirement 1.
How much of the $0.08 excess unit cost is traceable to apparent inefficient use of labor time?
The actual quantity is 21,600, Direct material price variance is $6,480, Standard quantity is 21,600, Direct material quantity variance is 0, Direct labor rate variance is $5520, Direct labor efficiency variance is $4320.
Give a brief account on Variance analysis.Comparison of budgeted data and actual performance is part of variance analysis. This offers crucial feedback for enhancing business performance in the future. Depending on whether budgeted targets are met, variations are typically categorized as favorable or unfavorable.
To solve the question :
Requirement : 1
a. Actual quantity :
Given:
Number of the units = 12,000
The standard quantity per unit = 1.80
The actual quantity
= (Number of the units × standard quantity)
=12,000 × 1.80
= 21,600
b.Direct material price variance.
Given,
Standard price = $3.00
Actual price = $3.30
Direct material price variance
= (actual - standard price) × actual quantity.
= ($3.30−$3.00) × $21,600
= $6,480 Unfavaourable
c. Standard quantity :
Given,
Number of the units = 12,000
The standard quantity per unit = 1.80
= (Number of the units × standard quantity per unit)
= 12,000 × 1.80
= 21,600
d. Direct material quantity variance :
Given,
Actual quantity = 21,600
Standard quantity = 21,600
Standard price = $3.00
Direct material quantity variance
= (Actual quantity - Standard quantity) × Standard price
= (21,600 − 21,600) × $3.00
= $0.00
e. Direct labor rate variance.
Given,
The actual hours ( 0.92 × 12,000 ) = 11,040
The actual rate per hour = $17.50
The standard rate per hour = $18.00
Direct labor rate variance
= (actual hours × actual rate per hour) - ( actual hours - standard rate per hour)
= (11,040 × $17.50) − (11,040 × $18.00)
= $5,520 Favourable
f. Direct labor efficiency variance.
Given,
The standard rate per hour = $18.00
The actual hours ( 0.92 × 12,000 ) = 11,040
The standard hours ( 0.90 × 12,000) = 10,800
Direct labor efficiency variance
= (standard hours × standard rate per hour) - ( actual hours - standard rate per hour)
= (10,800 × $18.00) − (11,400 × $18)
= $4,320 Unfavourable
g. Variable overhead rate variance.
Given,
The actual labor hours ( 0.92 × 12,000 ) = 11,400
The standard rate per hour = $5.00
The actual rate per hour = $4.50
Variable overhead rate variance :
= ( actual labor hours × standard rate per hour) - ( actual labor hours × actual rate per hour)
= (11,400 × $5.00) − (11,400 × $4.50)
= $5,520 Favourable.
h. Variable overhead efficiency variance.
Given,
The actual hours ( 0.92 × 12,000 ) = 11,040
The standard hours ( 0.90 × 12,000) = 10,800
The standard rate per hour = $5.00
Variable overhead efficiency variance
= (actual hours × standard rate per hour) - ( standard hours × standard rate per hour)
= (11,400 × $5.00) − (10,800 × $5.00)
= $1,500 Unfavourable.
Requirement 2 :
This time, we will determine the indirect effect of the $0.08 extra unit cost over the calculation of spending variances. The unfavourable direct material price variance is $6,480. The variation in the direct material quantity is $0.00. The $6,480 unfavourable differences in direct material spending.
The favourable direct labor rate variance is $5.520. The $4,320 unfavourable direct labor efficiency variance. The variations in direct labor costs are favourable by $1,200. The favourable variable overhead rate variance is $5,520. The $1,500 unfavourable variance in overhead efficiency. The favourable variable overhead variances total $4,020.
The $1,260 in unfavourable spending variances total. The total spending variations are $1,260 unfavourable as a result of the unfavourable material spending variances.
The $0.08 primary effect is therefore on the material spending variances.
Requirement 3 :
Inefficient use of the labor time :
Given,
The actual hour per item = 0.92
The standard hours = 0.90
The number of units = 1,200
Inefficient use of labor time
= (number of units × (actual hour per item - standard hours))
= (1,200 × (0.92 − 0.90)
= 240
Conclusion :
The total variations are negative because of the material spending variances, even if the $0.08 additional unit cost represents only 0.3% of the unit pricing. Although there are positive labor variations, 240 hours of labor time are used inefficiently.
As a result, the indirect harm caused by the $0.08 extra unit cost is as follows:
as a result of the variancesin the ineffective use of labor hours.To know more about, variance analysis, visit :
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g you are a buyer for your company and are reviewing the shipping paperwork from an overseas supplier for their first shipment. you notice a potential issue with the assigned harmonized tariff code and contact the supplier before the shipment occurs to correct it. which of the statements below is true: group of answer choices no answer text provided.
The buyer requests that a financial institution issue the document.
What does finance mean to a business?Business Finance Meaning
It refers to the total amount of money and credit that a company has utilised. All other economic activities, as well as the purchase of commodities, assets, and raw materials, require business financing. In particular, it is required for carrying out all business processes.
What is fundamental financial knowledge?Budgeting, knowing how much money to save, picking beneficial loan conditions, understanding how credit will be affected, and differentiating between retirement vehicles are all included in this. These skills enable people to make more informed decisions and manage their money more prudently.
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(q049) one of the main obstacles for the presidential campaign of john mccain was the financial crisis of 2008.
Al-Qaeda members are a legitimate use of the taxing authority. combating terrorist organizations
What made the 2008 election such a momentous occasion?An African American man and a woman faced off for the nomination in the election. A significant party proposed an African American leader. For the first time, a president who is African American was elected.
What were the top two reasons behind the financial crisis in 2008?Falling US housing values and an increase in the number of borrowers unable to make loan payments were the GFC's main causes. Around the middle of 2006, the number of newly constructed homes for sale in several places in the United States reached its peak.
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The LIFO conformity rule states that:
Multiple Choice
A. if LIFO is used for tax purposes, the external financial statements must also use LIFO.
B. if FIFO is used for tax purposes, the external financial statements must also use FIFO.
C. if LIFO is used for tax purposes, the external financial statements must use FIFO.
D. if FIFO is used for tax purposes, the external financial statements must use LIFO.
If LIFO is used for tax purposes, the external financial statements must also use LIFO. Option A
What is LIFO?Generally, The LIFO conformity rule states that if a company uses the Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) inventory valuation method for tax purposes, it must also use LIFO for financial reporting purposes. This means that the company must use the same inventory valuation method for both its tax returns and its external financial statements.
The LIFO conformity rule is based on the idea that a company's tax and financial reporting should be consistent and that using different methods for each could lead to discrepancies and confusion.
It's worth noting that the LIFO conformity rule only applies to companies that use LIFO for tax purposes. If a company uses a different method, such as First-In, First-Out (FIFO) or Average Cost, for tax purposes, it is not required to use the same method for financial reporting.
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Alexander Industries is considering a project that requires an investment in new equipment of $3,570,000. Under the new tax law, the equipment is eligible for 100% bonus depreciation at t - 0 so the equipment will be fully depreciated at the time of purchase. Alexander estimates that its accounts receivable and inventories need to increase by $680,000 to support the new project, some of which is financed by a $272,000 increase in spontaneous liabilities (accounts payable and accruals). The company's tax rate is 25%. The after-tax cost of Alexander's new equipment is ____Alexander's initial net investment outlay is _________Suppose Alexander's new equipment is expected to sell for $400,000 at the end of its four-year useful life, and at the same time, the firm expects to recover all of its net operating working capital (NOWC) investment. Remember, that under the new tax law, this equipment was fully depreciated att -0. If the firm's tax rate is 25%, what is the project's total termination cash flow? O $400,000 O $300,000 O $500,000 O $708,000
The after-tax cost of Alexander's new equipment is $2,677,500, Alexander's initial net investment outlay is $3,085,500The project's total termination cash flow is $708,000.
Define terminal cash flow.The term "terminal cash flow" refers to the total cash flow (i.e., net of cash inflow and cash outflow) at the conclusion of the project, which includes the after-tax cash flow from selling all of the project-related equipment and recovering working capital.
Given:
Year 0
Cash flow Purchase Cost of new equipment = $3,570,000
Tax rate = 25%
The equipment is eligible for tax benefit of 100%
Depreciation at t = 0,Thus the equipment will be fully depreciated at the time of purchase.
The after taxes cost of Alexander's new equipment
After taxes cost of equipment = Purchased - Tax savings on Depreciation = 3570000 - (3570000×25%) =
$2,677,500
Increase in accounts receivable and inventories = $680,000
Increase in spontaneous liabilities = $272,000
Increase in NWC = Increase in current assets - Increase current liabilities
= $680,000 - $272,000
= $408,000
Alexander's initial net investment outlay is:
Initial investment outlay = After tax cost of equipment + Increase NWC requires
= $2,677,500 + $408,000
= $3,085,500
Recovery of net working capital (NOWC) = $408,000
Sales value of equipment = $400,000
The project's total termination cash flow is
Termination cash flow = After tax salvage value + NOWC recovered
= $408,000(1-0.25)+ $408,000
= $708,000
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