Find a basis of the subspace

Find a basis of the subspace of R4

that consists of all vectors perpendicular to both

[1,0,5,-9] and [0,1,9,-7].

Answers

Answer 1

A basis of the subspace that consists of all vectors perpendicular to both [1,0,5,-9] and [0,1,9,-7] is [-5, -9, 5].

To find a basis of the subspace that consists of all vectors perpendicular to both [1,0,5,-9] and [0,1,9,-7], we can use the concept of the cross product.

Let's consider the vectors [1,0,5,-9] and [0,1,9,-7] as vectors A and B, respectively.

We can find a vector C that is perpendicular to both A and B by taking the cross product of A and B.

C = A × B

To compute the cross product, we can use the following determinant formula:

C = [i, j, k]

[1, 0, 5]

[0, 1, 9]

Expanding the determinant, we have:

C = (0 × 9 - 1 × 5)i - (1 × 9 - 0 × 5)j + (1 × 5 - 0 × 1)k

= -5i - 9j + 5k

Therefore, we have found a vector C that is perpendicular to both [1,0,5,-9] and [0,1,9,-7], which is C = [-5, -9, 5].

To find a basis of the subspace, we can use this vector C as the basis vector. Since it is the only vector in the subspace, it forms a basis.

So, a basis of the subspace that consists of all vectors perpendicular to both [1,0,5,-9] and [0,1,9,-7] is [-5, -9, 5].

for such more question on vectors perpendicular

https://brainly.com/question/11353587

#SPJ8


Related Questions

Please help me please

Answers

Answer:

486 square inches

Step-by-step explanation:

In a lottery game, three winning numbers are chosen uniformly at random from {1...100}, sampling without replacement. Lottery tickets cost $1 and allow a player to pick 3 numbers. If a player matches the three winning numbers they win the jackpot prize of $1,000. For matching exactly two numbers, they win $15. For matching exactly one number they win $3.

Required:
Find the distribution of net winnings for a random lottery ticket. Show that the expected value of the game is -70.8 cents.

Answers

Two ways to increase the statistical power of an experiment
Each increases the probability of determining a real effect of the independent variable:
Increase the sample size: Power is.

A gym knows that each member, on average, spends 70 minutes at the gym per week, with a standard deviation of 20 minutes. Assume the amount of time each customer spends at the gym is normally distributed. Suppose the gym surveys a random sample of 49 members about the amount of time they spend at the gym each week. What are the expected value and standard deviation (standard error) of the sample mean of the time spent at the gym

Answers

Answer:

the expected value and the standard deviation of the sample mean is 70 and 2.86 respectively

Step-by-step explanation:

The computation of the expected value and the standard deviation of the sample mean is shown below:

The mean is 70

And, the standard deviation is

= 20 ÷ √49

= 20 ÷ 7

= 2.86

Hence, the expected value and the standard deviation of the sample mean is 70 and 2.86 respectively

Which postulate or theorem proves △SQY∼△PTY?

A. SAS Similarity Theorem
B. SSS Similarity Theorem
C. AA Similarity Postulate

Answers

Check the picture below.

[tex]\stackrel{ \textit{\LARGE S} }{\cfrac{8}{4}}~~ = ~~\stackrel{ \textit{\LARGE S} }{\cfrac{12}{6}}~~ = ~~\stackrel{ \textit{\LARGE S} }{\cfrac{4}{2}}\implies \text{\LARGE 2}\qquad \textit{similar triangles by SSS}[/tex]

A lie detector is known to be 4/5 reliable when the person is guilty and 9/10 reliable when the person is innocent. If a suspect is chosen from a group of suspects of which only 1/100 have ever committed a crime, and the test indicates that the person is guilty, what is the probability that he is guilty?

Answers

Answer:

0.0748 = 7.48% probability that he is guilty

Step-by-step explanation:

Conditional Probability

We use the conditional probability formula to solve this question. It is

[tex]P(B|A) = \frac{P(A \cap B)}{P(A)}[/tex]

In which

P(B|A) is the probability of event B happening, given that A happened.

[tex]P(A \cap B)[/tex] is the probability of both A and B happening.

P(A) is the probability of A happening.

In this question:

Event A: Tests indicates guilty

Event B: Person is guilty

Probability that the test indicates that the person is guilty:

4/5 = 0.8 of 1/100 = 0.01(person is guilty)

1 - 0.9 = 0.1 of 1 - 0.99(person is not guilty). So

[tex]P(A) = 0.8*0.01 + 0.1*0.99 = 0.107[/tex]

Test indicates guilty and the person is guilty;

0.01 of 0.8. So

[tex]P(A \cap B) = 0.01*0.8 = 0.008[/tex]

What is the probability that he is guilty?

[tex]P(B|A) = \frac{P(A \cap B)}{P(A)} = \frac{0.008}{0.107} = 0.0748[/tex]

0.0748 = 7.48% probability that he is guilty

The required value is [tex]\simeq0.925 \ or \ 92.5[/tex]%.

Probability:

Probability is a measure of the likelihood of an event to occur. Many events cannot be predicted with total certainty. We can predict only the chance of an event to occur i.e., how likely they are to happen, using it.

Let [tex]T_G[/tex] and [tex]T_I[/tex] denote the test result being guilty or innocent respectively.

And, [tex]G[/tex] and [tex]I[/tex] denote that the person is guilty or innocent respectively.

Given that: [tex]P\left ( T_G\mid I \right )=\frac{4}{5}[/tex]

[tex]P\left ( T_I\mid I \right )=\frac{9}{10}\Rightarrow P\left ( T_G\mid I \right )=1-\frac{9}{10}=\frac{1}{10}[/tex]

[tex]P(G)=\frac{1}{100} \\ \therefore P(I)=1-P(G) \\ =1-\frac{1}{100} \\ =\frac{99}{100}[/tex]

Now, the required probability is,

[tex]P(I\mid T_G)=\frac{P\left ( T_G\mid I \right )\times P(I)}{P(T_G\mid I)\times P(I)+P\left ( T_G\mid G \right )\times P(G)}[/tex]

              [tex]=\frac{\frac{1}{10}\times\frac{99}{100}}{\left ( \frac{1}{10}\times \frac{99}{100}\right )+\left ( \frac{4}{5}\times\frac{1}{100} \right )} \\ =\frac{0.099}{0.099+0.008} \\ =\frac{0.099}{0.107} \\ =0.92523 \\ \simeq 0.925 \\ or \ 92.5%[/tex]

Learn more about the topic of Probability:  brainly.com/question/26959834

integrate by parts xInx​

Answers

Answer:

[tex]\displaystyle \int {x \ln x} \, dx = \frac{x^2}{2} \bigg( \ln(x) - \frac{1}{2} \bigg) + C[/tex]

General Formulas and Concepts:

Calculus

Differentiation

DerivativesDerivative Notation

Integration

Integrals[Indefinite Integrals] Integration Constant C

Integration Rule [Reverse Power Rule]:                                                               [tex]\displaystyle \int {x^n} \, dx = \frac{x^{n + 1}}{n + 1} + C[/tex]

Integration by Parts:                                                                                              [tex]\displaystyle \int {u} \, dv = uv - \int {v} \, du[/tex]

[IBP] LIPET: Logs, inverses, Polynomials, Exponentials, Trig

Step-by-step explanation:

Step 1: Define

Identify

[tex]\displaystyle \int {x \ln x} \, dx[/tex]

Step 2: Integrate Pt. 1

Identify variables for integration by parts using LIPET.

Set u:                                                                                                             [tex]\displaystyle u = \ln x[/tex][u] Logarithmic Differentiation:                                                                    [tex]\displaystyle du = \frac{1}{x} \ dx[/tex]Set dv:                                                                                                           [tex]\displaystyle dv = x \ dx[/tex][dv] Integration Rule [Reverse Power Rule]:                                               [tex]\displaystyle v = \frac{x^2}{2}[/tex]

Step 3: Integrate Pt. 2

[Integral] Integration by Parts:                                                                       [tex]\displaystyle \int {x \ln x} \, dx = \frac{x^2 \ln x}{2} - \int {\frac{x}{2}} \, dx[/tex][Integral] Rewrite [Integration Property - Multiplied Constant]:                 [tex]\displaystyle \int {x \ln x} \, dx = \frac{x^2 \ln x}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \int {x} \, dx[/tex]Factor:                                                                                                           [tex]\displaystyle \int {x \ln x} \, dx = \frac{1}{2} \bigg( x^2 \ln(x) - \int {x} \, dx \bigg)[/tex][Integral] Integration Rule [Reverse Power Rule]:                                       [tex]\displaystyle \int {x \ln x} \, dx = \frac{1}{2} \bigg( x^2 \ln(x) - \frac{x^2}{2} \bigg) + C[/tex]Factor:                                                                                                           [tex]\displaystyle \int {x \ln x} \, dx = \frac{x^2}{2} \bigg( \ln(x) - \frac{1}{2} \bigg) + C[/tex]

Topic: AP Calculus AB/BC (Calculus I/I + II)

Unit: Integration

Tammy writes the equation -1 / 8 = -1/8. Is she correct? Explain.​

Answers

Tammy is correct in this case.

The equation -1/8 = -1/8 means that both sides of the equation have the same value, which they do.

The negative sign in front of the fractions means that they are less than zero. The fraction 1/8 means one divided by eight, which is a small quantity.

So, -1/8 means a small negative quantity and -1/8 means the same small negative quantity.

Therefore, Tammy's equation is true and both sides are equal.

HELP! PLEASE.............

Answers

9514 1404 393

Answer:

  B.  negative trend

Step-by-step explanation:

The sign of the slope of the best-fit line is the sign of the "trend". A line that slopes downward has a negative slope. Such a best-fit line indicates a negative trend.

Mike's scores on 5 quizzes he took are shown above. In which month was Mike's quiz score equal to the average of his 5 quizzes? Sept. 72, Oct. 83, Nov. 95, Dec. 77, Jan. 88​

Answers

Answer:

Oct.

Step-by-step explanation:

average = (72 + 83 + 95 + 77 + 88)/5 = 83

LAST ONEEE YAYYYYYYY

Answers

Answer:

80

Step-by-step explanation:

180 - 100 = 80. 180º is required for a straight line, and 100º have already been shown from the other angles. x = 80

80 because gsjakoaaugsnejwi

wae21q42rwe2q4q2rwe3rq244e2eq2q22q

Answers

What is your question and I’ll try my best to help?

2(5+xi)-21+5i=3yi^2-3yi

Answers

Answer:

x = -8, y = 11/3

Step-by-step explanation:

Find the trigonometric ratios as simplified fractions and as decimals to the nearest thousandths (3 decimal places)
16 34
HElp me plssss ;-;

Answers

It’s 12 thousands babes

PLEASE HELP
what is an expression equivalent to (x4y3y)2 in the form xmyn.

Answers

Answer:

x^8 y^8

did you mean (x^4 y^3 y)2 or just (x4y3y)2

Sorry did you submitted it yet?

If the given expression is (x⁴y³y)², the expression equivalent to the given expression in form of xmyn is, x⁸y⁸.

What is an expression?

It is defined as the combination of constants and variables with mathematical operators.

It is given that the expression is,

(x⁴y³y)²

Keep the base constant and add the exponents when multiplying similar bases. Maintaining the same base while multiplying the exponents will raise a base with power to another power. When dividing two bases with similar exponents, keep the exponents of the numerator and denominator constant.

We have to represent the given expression in the form of [tex]\rm x^m y^n[/tex].

We use the expression identity as,

[tex]x^m \times x^n = x^{m+n}[/tex]

[tex]\rm = (x^m)^n \\\\ = x^{mn}[/tex]

=(x⁴y³y)²

First, solve the term present in the bracket as,

=(x⁴y⁴)²

Open the bracket we get,

=(x⁴)²(y⁴)²

=x⁸y⁸

Thus, if the given expression is (x⁴y³y)², the expression equivalent to the given expression in form of  [tex]\rm x^m y^n[/tex] is, x⁸y⁸.

Learn more about the expression here:

brainly.com/question/14083225

#SPJ2

Solve the quadratic equation x2 – 10x + 14 = –4 by completing the square.
Question 3 options:

A)

x = 5 ±

B)

x = –5 ±

C)

x = –7 ±

D)

x = 7 ±

Answers

Answer:

[tex] x = 5 \pm \sqrt{7} [/tex]

Step-by-step explanation:

x^2 - 10x + 14 = -4

Subtract 14 from both sides.

x^2 - 10x = -18

To complete the square, add the square of half of the x-term's coefficient.

x-term coefficient: -10

half of it: -5

squared: (-5)^2 = 25

Add 25 to both sides.

x^2 - 10x + 25 = -18 + 25

(x - 5)^2 = 7

Take square root of both sides. Be careful to include ± on the right side.

[tex] x - 5 = \pm \sqrt{7} [/tex]

Add 5 to both sides.

[tex] x = 5 \pm \sqrt{7} [/tex]

The difference between the squares of two numbers is 35. Twice the square of
the first number increased by the square of the second number is 73. Find the
numbers.

Answers

Answer:

Los números son

7 y 8

Explicación paso a paso:

Si el número menor es "x"  , el mayor es "x + 1"

entonces

( x + 1 )² - x² = 15

x² + 2x + 1 -x² = 15

2x + 1 = 15

2x = 15 - 1

2x = 14

x = 14/2

x = 7  (  número menor )

x + 1  = 7 + 1

x + 1 = 8 ( número mayor )

The logging company would like to use its sample to provide convincing statistical evidence that over 50 percent of the trees in the forest are spruce trees. The logging company has decided to use a chi-square goodness-of-fit test to justify its claim. Why is the chi-square goodness-of-fit test not an appropriate procedure for the logging company to use

Answers

Answer:

The chi-square goodness-of-fit test is best used with categorical variables.  The trees in the forest are not categorical variables but numerical.

Step-by-step explanation:

The chi-square goodness-of-fit test determines whether the distribution of cases in a single categorical variable follows a known distribution.  The chi-square goodness-of-fit test data deal with data frequencies, levels, or counts of cases rather than percentages or other data transformations. Lastly, the categories of the variables are mutually exclusive because they assume the form of either or.

Answer:

A chi-square goodness-of-fit test would be used to show that the entire distribution of trees in the forest is different than what the forester reported, not necessarily the individual proportion representing the spruce trees.

Step-by-step explanation:

   The answer is the explanation. Got it from CollegeBoard.org

The length of a rectangular garden is 12 ft longer than the width, w. If the garden has a perimeter of 76 ft. Determine the length and width of the garden.

Answers

Step-by-step explanation:

length = l

width = w

perimeter of garden = 76 ft

perimeter = 2l + 2w

2l + 2w = 76 (eqn 1)

l - w = 12 (eqn 2)

(eqn 1) ÷ 2

l + w = 38 (eqn 3)

(eqn 2) + (eqn 3)

2l = 50

2l/2 = 50/2

l = 25

The length of the garden is 25 ft.

Substitute l = 25 into (eqn 3)

l + w = 38

25 + w = 38

w = 38 - 25

w = 13

The width of the garden is 13 ft.

40 points help me please

Answers

Answer:

x=60

Step-by-step explanation:

(1/6)(x+6)=11

Multiply both sides by six:

(6)(1/6)(x+6)=11(6)

x+6=66

Take six from both sides:

x+6-6=66-6

x=60

79%
3rd
Her monthly salary is twice the sum of her husband's salary and four. Her monthly
salary is also equal to four more than four times his salary. How much does the
husband make a month? Note the husband's monthly salary is in terms of thousand
dollars.

Answers

9514 1404 393

Answer:

  0

Step-by-step explanation:

The two expressions for her salary can be equated:

  2h +4 = 4 +4h

  0 = 2h . . . . . . . . subtract 2h+4 from both sides

  h = 0 . . . the husband's salary is zero dollars per month

Answer:

$2000

Step-by-step explanation:

The sum of 9 and a number is less than 12. Which of the following inequalities expresses the solutions ?

Answers

The answer is 2 cause If you subtract 12 from 9 you’ll get 2.

find sin(b) in the triangle

Answers

Answer:

We need the triangle, please

Explanation:

Can't find anything about a triangle without the triangle

Answer:

0

Step-by-step explanation:

Sin(undefined) reports 0.

If the value is not undefined, please provide the triangle.

Least common denominator in 1/30 + 1/24

Answers

Answer:

The LCD in 1/30 + 1/24 is 90.

The following amount was assigned to each. A penguin was $9, an octopus was $36, and ant was $27. Based on this information, how much will be given to a pig?

Answers

Answer:

$14

Step-by-step explanation:

Answer:

Is there options because this question not that in depth  

Step-by-step explanation:

Jody's team scored 21, 25, 36, 16, and 32 points at the last five football games. What is the mean number of points Jody's team scored? 20 points 21 points 25 points 26 points

Answers

Answer:

26 points

Step-by-step explanation:

Find the mean number of points by adding up all of the points and dividing it by 5

(21 + 25 + 36 + 16 + 32) / 5

130 / 5

= 26

So, the mean number of points is 26 points

Question:-

Jody's team scored 21, 25, 36, 16 and 32 points at the last five football games. What is the mean number of points Jody's team scored ?

Solution:-

To find the mean, first of all we have to add up all the given points and then divide by how many number of points there are. So, there are total 5 points. Hence, we have to divide all the given points by 5.

So, Mean = [tex] \bf \frac{21 \: + \: 25 \: + \: 36 \: + \: 16 \: + \: 32}{5} [/tex]

Mean = [tex] \bf \frac{130}{5} [/tex]

Mean = [tex] \bf 26 [/tex]

The mean number of points Jody's team scored is 26. [Answer]

whats the answer to this

Answers

-33 + 7x = -42 + 8x
9 = x
x = 9

-42 + 8(9) = angle HIJ
-42 + 72 =
30 =

Answer: 30°

Have a good day ^^

71 is 10% of what number?

52 is 97% of what Number?

Explain steps.

Answers

Answer:

71 is 10% of 710

52 is 97% of 5200/97

Step-by-step explanation:

Let’s start with 71 is 10% of what number.

basically, what this is saying, is that 71 = 10% times and unknown valu. We can set this as x.

so, 71=0.1x

divide on both sides,

710=x

now the second one.

repeat the same process.

52=0.97x

divide

5200/97 =x

The length of the arc which subtends an angle 60° at
the centre of a circle of radius 3 cm is approximately​

Answers

Answer:

π cm

Step-by-step explanation:

The formula for arc length (s) as a function of radius (r) and central angle Ф (in radians) is s = rФ.

In this problem r = 3 cm and Ф = 60°, and so the arc length subtended is

s = (3 cm)(π/3) = π cm

What is the volume of the composite figure? ASAP PLEASE!!!!

Answers

Answer:

74ft³

Step-by-step explanation:

Okay, so it's basically 3 rectangular figures smashed together so:

We'll do the 2 biggest one's first:

the formula for the volume of a rectangular figure is base x height so we first have to find the base:

4 x 3 = 12

So then we just plug our stuff in here:

12 x 3 = 36

Now there's 2 of these rectangles though so:

36 x 2 = 72

Now we're going to do the one in the middle:

1 x 2 = 2

2 x 1 = 2

Now we add that all together:

72 + 2 = 74

So, the volume of the composite figure is 74ft³

hope this helps:)

What is the measure of x?

A. 8
B. 9
C. 10
D. 11

Answers

Answer:

A

Step-by-step explanation:

Other Questions
Question 42 ptsThe number of chemical industries along Florida's rivers is increasing. What is the mostlikely consequence of this increased industrialization?O a decrease in the amount of water pollutionO an increase in the amount of water available for recreational usean increase in the destruction of natural food websO a decrease int he amount of water needed by industry Read this passage about Louisiana's ports.What benefit provided by Louisiana's ports does thispassage address?Finally, ports provide a connection for industries withinthe state, but they are also direct contributors to thestate's economy when they can increase cargo beingshipped through Louisiana ports and this cargooriginates in another state. Louisiana ports are from thisperspective a business providing even more directspending in the Louisiana economy.O how they bring business to Louisiana from otherstatesO how they help the United States compete with othernationsO how they create more American jobs in the exportindustriesO how they boost free trade in North America based onNAFTA-"The Economic Impact of the Ports of Louisiana,"Dr. James A. Richardson Exon Company purchased equipment for $120,000 on January 1, 2018. The equipment has an estimated residual value of $10,000 and an estimated useful life of 10 years. The company depreciates the equipment using the sum-of-the-years' digits method. On January 1, 2021, the company determines that the total useful life is 8 years and the estimated residual value is $3,000. Required: 1. The equipment's book value at January 1, 2021 is $ ___ . Round your final answer to the nearest dollar. 2. The annual depreciation expense for 2021 is $____ Round your final answer to the nearest dollar. Using the definition of the matrix exponential, calculate et for A = - b) Using the definition of the matrix exponential, calculate et for B = - c) Using the definition of the matrix exponential, A from part (a) and B from part (b), calculate e(A+B)t d) Is it true in general that, for nxn matrices A and B, etBt= eAt = e(A+B) ? Justify your answer. students devise an appropriate solution or recommendation to be implemented, carefully explaining the logic behind the proposal by applying any criteria of Malcolm Baldrige, EFQM or Sheikh Khalifa Excellence awards. of khawarizmi college Please help me due in 3 Hours WILL GIVE BRAINLIST simplify the following 10^910^7 A science quiz has eight multiple choice questions with five choices for each. Find the total number of ways to answer the questions How would an object in Earth's atmosphere be deflected as a result of Earth's rotation? How would an object in Earth's atmosphere be deflected as a result of Earth's rotation? to the left in the Northern Hemisphere, and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere to the right in the Northern Hemisphere, and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere to the left in the Northern Hemisphere, and to the right in the Southern Hemisphere to the right in the Northern Hemisphere, and to the right in the Southern Hemisphere Write a differential equation that describes the relationship: Every month the balance B of Rachel's car loan increases by 4.5% and decreases by $375.00. The management of Warmland Manufacturing is trying to decide whether to continue manufacturing a part used in its production; or, to instead buy it form an outside supplier. The part, called WISCO, is a component of the companys finished product.The following information was collected from the accounting records and production data for the year-ending December 31, 2021:1) 7,000 units of WISCO are produced in the Machining Department.2) Variable manufacturing costs applicable to the production of each WISCO unit are:Direct Materials $4.50, Direct Labour $4.30, Indirect Labour $0.50 and Utilities (energy) costs $0.40.3) Fixed manufacturing costs applicable to the production of WISCO are:Cost ItemDirectAllocatedTotalProperty Taxes$ 1,600$ 900$ 2,500Insurance9006001,500Water & Waste500200700Total:$ 3,000$ 1,700$ 4,700All variable manufacturing costs and direct fixed costs will be eliminated if WISCO is purchased from an outside supplier. Allocated costs will have to be absorbed by other production departments.4) The lowest quotation for 7,000 WISCO units from an outside supplier is $70,000.5) If WISCO input units are externally purchased, freight and inspection costs would be $0.30 per unit, and receiving costs of $750 per year would be incurred by the Machining Department.Required ( 15 marks):I. Based on the above information, should Warmland Manufacturing make or buy WISCO? What would be the $ change in Operating Income resulting from a buy decision?II. Would the decision be different if Warmland Manufacturing has the opportunity to produce $4,000 in additional profit with the facilities currently being used to manufacture WISCO?III. Identify two (2) qualitative factors that management may want to consider in its evaluation of the options noted above. Can someone help me please a piece of 14-gauge copper wire (meaning that it has a diameter of 1.63mm) has a resistance of 0.128 . the resistivity of copper is . what must be the length of the wire? If the price of mutton increases from $15/kg to $18/kg, the demand for beef rises from 100 kg to 150kg while the quantity demanded of mutton reduces from 50kg to 30kg.calculate the change in equilibrium P & Q for beefcalculate the change in the equilibrium P & Q for mutton Which of the following BEST summarizes the primary goal of economizing in the decision making process? A. increasing costs while reducing positive consequences B. increasing costs while reducing negative consequences C. decreasing costs while increasing negative consequences D. decreasing costs while increasing positive consequences Please select the best answer from the choices provided A B C D QUESTION TWOGive and explain briefly, the key roles of a project manager ina projectorganisation Decisions makers need information that is useful in making rational decisions, the decisions makers are different and need different information, so every groups of users need different information, but accounting cant adopts the idea of producing a series of special- purpose report, instead that FASB and IAS adopt uniform report which contain information has several characteristics such as understandability, benefits costs, relevance and reliability, explain? Find the Inverse Laplace Transform of each of the following: 1. 42/9s-302. 9s-8/s^2+24s3. 3s-16/s^2-24s-69 Personal and interpersonal influences are strongest in only the early steps of the consumer behavior process.TrueFalse The ABC Company is planning on producing 51500 units of aWidget. The widget uses 0.8 units of raw material. The ABC Companydesires an ending inventory of 13250 units but currently has abeginning ra