How are allele frequencies changed through gene flow? Individuals have more or less offspring Random chance Mutations change the gene pool Individuals move in and out of a population Random mating occurs Question 47 Which of the following would be a behavioral adaptation that may result from a change in an organism's genetic traits over a period of time? Select all that apply. A rabbit has thick fur to keep it warm in the winter A male warbler performs a mating call to find a female A mother wolf has trained her pups to hunt for food A fish has large, strong fins to propel it through water A chameleon changes colors to match surroundings and perfectly camouflage
How are allele frequencies changed through gene flow? Allele frequencies are changed by gene flow. Gene flow refers to the movement of genes from one population to another. Gene flow can also be referred to as migration. Gene flow is one of the five mechanisms that influence evolution.
It has an impact on the allele frequency of populations, and it can alter the allele frequencies of populations that are geographically separated. Behavioural adaptations that may result from a change in an organism's genetic traits over time are given below: A male warbler performs a mating call to find a female. A chameleon changes colors to match surroundings and perfectly camouflage.
Estrogen, along with FSH and LH, causes a girl's body to mature and prepares her for pregnancy. So that's what's really happening during puberty — it's all these new chemicals moving around inside your body, turning you from a teen into an adult with adult levels of hormones.
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50- In terms of soybean production, as stated in the lecture, which statement is false?
Group of answer choices
There is a high export demand for soybeans
Soybean production works well in the large, level fields of the region
Soybeans thrive because there are few climate demands
Soybean production went from nearly 0 in 1949 to over 25 million hectares in 2000
A two-year corn-soybean rotation works best for maximum productivity
5- According to Hudson (Chapter 14), which of the following statements is NOT true?
Group of answer choices
The US automobile industries suffered from reduced demand around the same time that the steel industry suffered from similar problems
One of Henry Ford’s innovations was the branch automobile assembly plant
The first automobiles were manufactured in Europe
Henry Ford invented the internal combustion engine
As the Detroit automakers grew, they outright bought the smaller companies which made specialized parts for them
11- According to Hudson, much of the summer vegetable crop in the United States; such as peas, sweet corn, and snap beans, is produced on which soil type?
Group of answer choices
Oxisols
Histosols
Andisols
Alfisols
Mollisols
1. The false statement is soybean production went from nearly 0 in 1949 to over 25 million hectares in 2000, option (d) is correct.
2. The false statement is Henry Ford invented the internal combustion engine, option (d) is correct.
3. The summer vegetable crops in the United States, such as peas, sweet corn, and snap beans, are predominantly produced on Mollisols, option (e) is correct.
1. This statement is inaccurate because soybean production did not go from nearly 0 to over 25 million hectares in 2000. In fact, soybean production has been steadily increasing over the years, but it did not start from zero. Soybean cultivation has a long history, and it was already being grown in significant quantities prior to 1949. The growth in production has been substantial, but it did not begin from a negligible level, option (d) is correct.
2. Henry Ford did not invent the internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine had already been invented by other inventors before Ford's time. Ford's major contribution to the automotive industry was the development of the assembly line and mass production techniques, which revolutionized automobile manufacturing. He also played a crucial role in popularizing the automobile by making it more affordable and accessible to the general public, option (d) is correct.
3. Mollisols are the most suitable soil type for growing summer vegetable crops like peas, sweet corn, and snap beans. Mollisols are fertile, well-drained soils with high organic matter content and excellent moisture-holding capacity. These soils provide favorable conditions for root development and nutrient uptake, promoting healthy plant growth. Additionally, Mollisols are commonly found in agricultural regions across the United States, making them an ideal soil type for growing summer vegetables on a large scale, option (e) is correct.
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The correct question is:
1. In terms of soybean production, as stated in the lecture, which statement is false?
a. There is a high export demand for soybeans
b. Soybean production works well in the large, level fields of the region
c. Soybeans thrive because there are few climate demands
d. Soybean production went from nearly 0 in 1949 to over 25 million hectares in 2000
e. A two-year corn-soybean rotation works best for maximum productivity
2. According to Hudson (Chapter 14), which of the following statements is NOT true?
a. The US automobile industries suffered from reduced demand around the same time that the steel industry suffered from similar problems
b. One of Henry Ford’s innovations was the branch automobile assembly plant
c. The first automobiles were manufactured in Europe
d. Henry Ford invented the internal combustion engine
e. As the Detroit automakers grew, they outright bought the smaller companies which made specialized parts for them
3. According to Hudson, much of the summer vegetable crop in the United States; such as peas, sweet corn, and snap beans, is produced on which soil type?
a. Oxisols
b. Histosols
c. Andisols
d. Alfisols
e. Mollisols
Garlic mustard has been introduced to the beetles' ecosystem. Describe what would happen to the beetles population as a result and explain why.
The effect of garlic mustard on beetle populations can vary. It can either increase beetle numbers by providing food or have a negative impact by competing with native plants crucial for beetles. Alternatively, there may be no significant impact, depending on ecosystem interactions and dynamics.
When garlic mustard is introduced to the beetles' ecosystem, it can have various effects on the beetle population. The outcome depends on the nature of the interaction between garlic mustard and the beetles, including their feeding habits, competition, and the availability of resources.
1. Positive Impact: If garlic mustard serves as a suitable food source for the beetles, it can lead to an increase in their population. Beetles may feed on the plant's leaves, stems, or other parts, utilizing it as a new food resource. This additional food availability can support higher beetle reproduction rates, survival, and overall population growth.
2. Negative Impact: On the other hand, if garlic mustard negatively affects the beetles, the population may decline. Garlic mustard could act as a competitor or a deterrent to the beetles, affecting their feeding behavior, breeding success, or overall fitness. For instance, if garlic mustard outcompetes native plant species that the beetles depend on for food or habitat, the beetles may experience a decrease in their population size.
3. No Impact: In some cases, the introduction of garlic mustard may have little to no effect on the beetle population. The beetles might not interact significantly with the plant, or they may already have well-established food sources and ecological niches that are not influenced by the presence of garlic mustard.
The specific outcome of the interaction between garlic mustard and beetles depends on several factors, including the characteristics of the beetles, their adaptability, the availability of alternative food sources, and the overall ecological dynamics of the ecosystem.
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Specify the coordinate system (Cartesian, cylindrical, spherical) you would use, along with any relevant assumptions, when modeling transport processes in each of the following scenarios: loss of energy through a flat double-pane window C. transfer of dissolved oxygen from a culture medium into sphere-shaped cells the fluid motion produced when stirring coffee in a typical mug d. dissipation of energy from the skin of a tall and skinny person the velocity profile in waves about to crash on a flat shore f. heating of a cold bottle of alcoholic cider by a warm hand e
The rectangular coordinate system is another name for the Cartesian coordinate system. It is a system used in geometry that employs coordinates to establish the location of a geometric component (such a point, for instance). Each location in this system is described by two numerical coordinates.
The following coordinate systems are used in each of the given scenarios:
A. Loss of energy through a flat double-pane window Cartesian coordinate system is used to model transport processes in the scenario of energy loss through a flat double-pane window. The major assumptions include that the process is symmetrical, the heat transfer coefficient is uniform, and the heat transfer is two-dimensional.
B. Transfer of dissolved oxygen from a culture medium into sphere-shaped cells Spherical coordinate system is used to model the transport processes in the transfer of dissolved oxygen from a culture medium into sphere-shaped cells. The assumptions include that the rate of oxygen transfer is uniform, the cells are symmetrical, and the diffusivity of oxygen is constant.
C. Fluid motion produced when stirring coffee in a typical mug cylindrical coordinate system is used to model the transport processes of fluid motion produced when stirring coffee in a typical mug. The assumptions include that the flow is two-dimensional, the flow is symmetrical, and the viscosity of the fluid is constant.
D. Dissipation of energy from the skin of a tall and skinny person Cartesian coordinate system is used to model the transport processes in the dissipation of energy from the skin of a tall and skinny person. The assumptions include that the surface temperature is uniform, the surface is symmetrical, and the heat transfer coefficient is uniform.
E. Heating of a cold bottle of alcoholic cider by a warm hand cylindrical coordinate system is used to model the transport processes of heating of a cold bottle of alcoholic cider by a warm hand. The assumptions include that the flow is two-dimensional, the flow is symmetrical, and the viscosity of the fluid is constant.
F. Velocity profile in waves about to crash on a flat shore Spherical coordinate system is used to model the transport processes in the velocity profile in waves about to crash on a flat shore. The assumptions include that the waves are symmetrical, and the diffusivity is constant.
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Which of the following is considered the control group in this experiment
Answer:
the source
Explanation:
In no less than 300 words, summarize General Strain Theory, Social Control Theory, and Social Learning Theory. Provide an example for each.
General Strain Theory, Social Control Theory, and Social Learning Theory are among the leading criminological theories that explain criminal behavior, delinquency, and the reasons why people deviate from the social norm.
General Strain Theory(GST) is a sociological theory that asserts that individuals' strain or stress can lead to criminal behavior. According to GST, three sources of strain; failure, negative stimuli, and separation can contribute to an individual's deviant behavior.
Example: Suppose a person is looking for work but is continually refused because of his age. This may cause the person to feel frustrated and may lead him to engage in criminal behavior.
Social Learning Theory asserts that people learn to be violent or non-violent based on observation and modeling from their environment, and people in their social surroundings. The theory argues that people will engage in criminal behavior if they think the benefits outweigh the negative consequences. the theory also suggests that people are more likely to be violent if they feel their environment encourages it.
Example: A child might be exposed to a parent who uses violence as a means of problem-solving. They may grow up believing that violence is the only way to solve problems and begin engaging in violent behaviors themselves.
Social Control Theory argues that people do not commit crimes or deviant behavior because they fear the negative consequences of doing so and they are less likely to engage in deviant behavior as they have stronger ties to society.
Example: A person may choose not to engage in criminal behavior because they fear the punishment that may come with it.
In conclusion, these three theories attempt to explain criminal behavior and deviant behavior from different perspectives. While General Strain Theory argues that strain or stress leads to deviant behavior, Social Control Theory suggests that people will refrain from criminal activity because of the consequences. Social Learning Theory asserts that people learn from their environment and the people in it and may model or imitate their behavior.
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Heart cells produce the protein cardiac myosin, which is critical in allowing for muscle contractions of the heart. Liver cells do not produce cardiac myosin.
Which statement explains this difference between heart cells and liver cells?
A. Heart cells contain different genes from liver cells.
B. Heart cells rely on RNA, while liver cells rely on DNA.
C. Liver cells destroyed the gene for myosin, but heart cells did not.
D. Heart and liver cells express different genes.
explain how studying these processes can provide insights into evolutionary relationships
Studying processes such as DNA sequencing, comparative anatomy, and embryonic development can provide insights into evolutionary relationships by identifying similarities and differences between species. These similarities and differences can be used to construct phylogenetic trees, which show the evolutionary relationships between different groups of organisms.
Comparative anatomy can also provide insights into evolutionary relationships. By comparing the physical structures of different organisms, scientists can identify similarities and differences that suggest a common ancestor. For example, the presence of similar bone structures in the limbs of different mammals suggests that they share a common ancestor.Embryonic development can also reveal evolutionary relationships. By studying the development of embryos from different species, scientists can identify similarities and differences that suggest a common ancestor. For example, the early development of the vertebrate embryo is similar in all vertebrates, suggesting that they share a common ancestor.Overall, studying these processes can provide a wealth of information about the evolutionary relationships between different species, helping us to better understand the history of life on Earth.
recorded on phylogenetic trees. If two or more species are recorded above the same split in a phylogenetic tree, or node, then they are related to each other, however distantly.
Humans evolved into Homo sapiens about years ago. 2,000
20,000
200,000
200
Question 22 How is the growth rate of a population related to its doubling time? Growth rate and doubling time will always be the same. The lower the growth rate, the shorter the doubling time. Growth rate is not related to doubling time. The higher the growth rate, the longer the doubling time. The higher the growth rate, the shorter the doubling time.
The statement "Humans evolved into Homo sapiens about 200,000 years ago" is true regarding the evolution of human beings.
This refers to the emergence of the Homo sapiens species.The relationship between the growth rate of a population and its doubling time is that the higher the growth rate, the shorter the doubling time. This is mathematically expressed by the formula:Td = (70 / r).
Where Td is the doubling time, r is the growth rate, and 70 is a constant representing the natural logarithm of 2 multiplied by 100.Therefore, if the growth rate is high, it will take less time for the population to double. On the other hand, if the growth rate is low, it will take longer for the population to double.
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What are 2 reasons we study dna
Answer:
Two reasons we study DNA are to formulate new drugs and to diagnose genetic disorders.
Explanation:
Select the correct statement(s) below regarding codominance of blood type alleles.
a. Type AB blood cannot express the sickle cell trait.
b. Type A & B allele are always dominant over Type O allele.
c. Type A allele is always dominant over Type B allele.
d. Blood type O is a result of two recessive alleles
Codominance of blood type alleles refers to the relationship between alleles in which both alleles contribute to the phenotype of the organism. The correct statement regarding the codominance of blood type alleles is as follows:b.
Type A & B allele are always dominant over Type O alleleBlood type O is a result of two recessive alleles, whereas types A and B are dominant. This means that in individuals with the AO or BO genotype, the A or B allele will be expressed phenotypically. This is because both A and B alleles are codominant, and the O allele is recessive.Type AB blood can express the sickle cell trait if the individual has both the HbA and HbS alleles.
However, sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive condition, which means that two copies of the mutated HbS gene are needed to develop the disease, and people with one copy of HbS and one copy of HbA have sickle cell trait.Codominance refers to the equal expression of two alleles in heterozygotes.
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The average annual snowfall in Owen Sound, located on Georgian Bay, is about 345 cm. Belleville, located in eastern Ontario, averages 151 cm of snow annually. Explain why these two cities receive such different snowfall amounts.
Differences in snowfall between Owen Sound and Belleville result from geographical location, presence of water bodies, lake-effect snow, and regional topography, leading to unique climatic conditions in each city.
The significant difference in snowfall amounts between Owen Sound and Belleville can be attributed to various factors, including geographical location, topography, and proximity to large bodies of water.
Firstly, the geographical location of the two cities plays a role. Owen Sound is situated on Georgian Bay, which is a large body of water. Water bodies, such as lakes or bays, can influence the local climate by moderating temperatures. In the case of Owen Sound, the proximity to Georgian Bay leads to increased snowfall due to a phenomenon known as lake-effect snow. When cold air masses pass over the relatively warm water of Georgian Bay, they become saturated with moisture, leading to enhanced snowfall as the air rises and cools over land. This effect is particularly pronounced during the winter months, resulting in higher snowfall totals for Owen Sound.
On the other hand, Belleville, located in eastern Ontario, does not benefit from a large body of water like Owen Sound does. Consequently, it experiences less snowfall due to the absence of a significant source of moisture and the reduced likelihood of lake-effect snow. The climatic conditions in Belleville are influenced more by continental air masses, which typically result in lower amounts of snowfall compared to regions affected by lake-effect snow.
Moreover, the topography of the respective regions also contributes to the differences in snowfall. Owen Sound is situated in a region with higher elevation and proximity to the Niagara Escarpment, which can promote orographic lifting of air masses, further enhancing snowfall. Belleville, on the other hand, is relatively flatter and lacks such topographical features that can enhance snowfall.
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Based on the graph, how would Cook County, Georgia, be affected in the future if the trend continues and aquifers are eventually depleted
We can see here that Cook County, Georgia, will be affected in the future if the trend continues and aquifers are eventually depleted in the following way: C. Farmers would have less or no water for irrigation
What is trend?A trend refers to a general direction or pattern of change in a particular field, domain, or society over a period of time. It represents the prevailing tendency or inclination towards a certain style, behavior, concept, or phenomenon that gains popularity or widespread acceptance.
Trends can emerge in various areas, including fashion, technology, culture, business, social media, entertainment, and more.
The graph shows that the water level in the aquifer is decreasing over time. This means that there will be less water available for irrigation in the future.
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The complete question is:
Based on the graph, how would Cook County, Georgia, affected in the future if the trend continues and aquifers are eventually depleted?
USGS well 18H016, Cook County, Georgia
160
165
170
175
180-
185
1967
1974
1981
Year
1988
1995
2002
A. Land may rise because the weight of the water no longer compacts it.
B. It would become easier to cultivate crops.
C. Farmers would have less or no water for irrigation
D. Vegetation fed by groundwater would flourish.
Suggest one thing he could do to the skin cells to make them easier to see.
Answer:
Explanation:
To make skin cells easier to see, one thing that can be done is to stain the cells. Staining involves using dyes or chemicals that selectively bind to specific components of the cells, making them more visible under a microscope or magnifying lens. There are various staining techniques available for different purposes, such as highlighting the cell nucleus or specific cellular structures. By applying a suitable stain, the contrast between the cells and the surrounding background is enhanced, allowing for easier visualization and examination of the skin cells.
Sun
bear (Helarctos Malayans)
Describe two main threats to this species and sicuss the main
conservation actions which are needed to prevent this species from
becoming extinct.
Sun bear (Helarctos Malayans) is an omnivorous bear species found in tropical forests in Southeast Asia. The species is facing several threats, including habitat loss, hunting, poaching, and human-wildlife conflict. Below are two main threats to the Sun bear and the conservation actions necessary to prevent this species from becoming extinct.
Habitat loss The Sun bear's natural habitat is tropical rainforests in Southeast Asia. Unfortunately, due to rapid deforestation, the bear's habitat has declined significantly, leading to habitat loss. Forests are cleared to create agricultural land, plantations, and logging areas. Moreover, the increasing human population and infrastructure development projects such as mining and road construction have resulted in massive habitat fragmentation, which can also be disastrous for Sun bears.
The following conservation actions are needed to prevent Sun bears from becoming extinct:Creating protected areas for Sun bears Establishing national parks and protected areas is one of the most effective ways to conserve Sun bears and their habitats.Restoring degraded forests: Restoring degraded forests can provide new habitats for Sun bears and other threatened species.Conservation education: Educating the public about the importance of Sun bear conservation and sustainable resource use can lead to long-term positive changes. PoachingSun bears are poached for their body parts, mainly for traditional medicines, and for the pet trade. The bear's bile is used to make traditional Chinese medicine, and its gallbladder and paws are considered delicacies in some parts of Asia. Moreover, Sun bears are often hunted and killed for their fur and body parts, which are in high demand in the illegal wildlife trade.
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*question in the photo*
Cladistics is a system that groups organisms by ancestry. The correct answer is A.
Cladistics is a method used in biological classification and evolutionary biology to group organisms based on their common ancestry. It focuses on establishing evolutionary relationships among organisms by analyzing their shared characteristics and inferring their evolutionary history.
The fundamental concept of cladistics is that organisms that share more recent common ancestors are more closely related than those with more distant common ancestors.
These shared characteristics, called derived traits or synapomorphies, are used to create branching diagrams called cladograms or phylogenetic trees.
By examining these shared traits, scientists can determine the evolutionary relationships and genetic relatedness between different species.
Cladistics emphasizes the importance of common ancestry rather than solely relying on observable traits or similarities. It provides a systematic framework for understanding the evolutionary history and relationships of organisms, enabling scientists to classify and organize them into distinct groups or clades based on their shared evolutionary heritage. Therefore, the correct answer is A.
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Which set of bonds would a typical carbon atom form in a compound?
The evolution of the cuticle in plants was a key adaptation to terrestial living because
a. enhanced water loss.
b. enhanced absorption of nutrients from soil
c. allowed for an alternation of generation
d. helps plant to avoid drying up
The evolution of the cuticle in plants was a key adaptation to terrestrial living because it helps plants to avoid drying up.
Thus, the correct option is d. helps plant to avoid drying up.
In plants, the cuticle is a protective layer of waxy, hydrophobic substance produced by the epidermal cells. It is the layer of tissue that separates the aerial parts of the plant from the outside environment. It serves as a barrier to protect the plant from desiccation, UV radiation, and environmental stresses.The cuticle is thicker on leaves and shoots of plants that grow in dry environments, where the risk of water loss is greater.
The cuticle also helps to minimize water loss from the plant by limiting the amount of water that escapes from the plant's tissues by evaporation.Plants are considered the first organisms to live on land, and the evolution of the cuticle was a critical step in their transition from an aquatic to a terrestrial lifestyle. Without the cuticle, plants would have been unable to survive on land, as they would have dried out and died from desiccation.
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The micronucleus assay...
a) is performed to determine the teratogenic potential of a compound
b) is performed to determine the cytotoxic potential of a compound
c) is performed in cells in interphase
d) is performed in cells arrested in metaphase.
The micronucleus assay is a technique used to evaluate the genotoxic potential of a compound. It is primarily performed in cells during interphase, which is the stage of the cell cycle between cell divisions.
The assay involves exposing cells to the compound being tested and then observing the presence of micronuclei in these cells. Micronuclei are small, additional nuclei that can form during cell division when DNA damage occurs. These micronuclei contain fragments of the main nucleus or whole chromosomes.By counting the number of micronuclei in the exposed cells, researchers can assess the genotoxicity of the compound. A higher number of micronuclei indicates a higher genotoxic potential, suggesting that the compound may cause DNA damage and potentially lead to genetic mutations.
The micronucleus assay is not specifically designed to determine the teratogenic potential or cytotoxic potential of a compound. Teratogenic potential refers to the ability of a substance to cause birth defects, while cytotoxic potential refers to its ability to cause cell death. Although the micronucleus assay indirectly provides information about the genotoxic potential, it does not directly assess these other aspects.In summary, the micronucleus assay is a technique used to evaluate the genotoxic potential of a compound by observing the presence of micronuclei in cells during interphase. It can help researchers identify compounds that may cause DNA damage and potentially lead to genetic mutations.
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The micronucleus assay is performed to determine the genotoxic potential of a compound. It is not specifically used to assess teratogenic (ability to cause birth defects) or cytotoxic (ability to kill cells) effects. This assay is conducted in cells in interphase, rather than in cells arrested in metaphase.
The micronucleus assay is a widely used method in genetic toxicology to evaluate the genotoxicity of various compounds. It involves exposing cells to a test compound and assessing the presence of micronuclei, which are small additional nuclei formed from chromosome fragments or whole chromosomes that are not incorporated into the main nucleus during cell division. The presence of micronuclei indicates DNA damage and chromosomal abnormalities, which can be caused by genotoxic agents. This assay is typically performed in cells that are actively dividing during interphase, as it allows for the evaluation of both mitotic and non-mitotic cells. By examining the frequency of micronuclei, researchers can determine the genotoxic potential of a compound and its potential to induce DNA damage or chromosomal aberrations.
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ASAP
Which option best describes what occurs at the part of the meander labeled B?
Answers:
(a) Water flows faster and gradually erodes sediment on the bank.
(b) Water flows faster and deposits sediment on the bank.
(c) Water flows slower and deposits sediment on the bank.
(d) Water flows slower and gradually erodes sediment on the bank.
Water flows slower and deposits sediment on the bank best describes what occurs at the part of the meander labeled B. The correct answer is option C.
In a meandering river, the flow of water is not uniform throughout the entire channel. At the meander bend labeled B, the water flows slower compared to the straighter sections of the river. As a result, sediment carried by the river gets deposited on the bank.
When water slows down, its capacity to carry sediment decreases. The reduced velocity allows particles of sediment to settle out and accumulate on the inside bank of the meander.
Over time, this deposition of sediment contributes to the formation of a point bar, which is a curved bank feature found on the inside of a meander bend.
This process of slower water flow and sediment deposition at the meander bend is a characteristic feature of meandering rivers. The continuous deposition of sediment on the bank gradually builds up and shapes the landforms associated with meanders. Therefore, the correct answer is C.
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How do homeostasis and metabolism work together to keep an organism alive?
Answer:
Metabolism breaks down food into energy for an organism to use. Homeostasis then uses that energy to keep the organism in a balanced state so the organism can stay alive.
Explanation:
n order to compare and evaluate choices, there must be a set of ______. a. Resources b. Decisions c. Consequences d. None of the above Please select the best answer from the choices provided A B C D
Answer:
D. None of the above.
Explanation:
Hope this helps!
What may be some consequences if decomposers and detritivores disappeared or were reduced in number from ecological communities? Select all that apply. Plant species would struggle to obtain essential nutrients Ecosystems would become contaminated and disease may occur Nutrients would not be able to be passed through the food chain and organisms would struggle to grow Nutrient cycling in the atmosphere and in the soul would be stunted Dead matter and waste would build in ecosystems Question 42 Mount St. Helens is a volcano that erupted last in 1980 in the Pacific Northwest. The major eruption is the deadliest volcanic event in US history and the area was completely decimated for miles from the volcano. Slowly, wildlife has returned to this area, but is still recovering. This is an example of what? Habitat Fragmentation Primary Succession Climax Community Secondary Succession Edge Effects
The consequences if decomposers and detritivores disappeared or were reduced in number from ecological communities include; Plant species would struggle to obtain essential nutrients; Nutrient cycling in the atmosphere and in the soil would be stunted; Nutrients would not be able to be passed through the food chain and organisms would struggle to grow; Dead matter and waste would build in ecosystems.
Decomposers are bacteria, fungi and some species of insects that feed on dead organisms and recycle nutrients back into the soil for plant growth. Detritivores are animals that feed on decaying plant and animal matter such as earthworms, snails and slugs. They are important for nutrient cycling in ecosystems. If they were to disappear or reduced in numbers from ecological communities, then plant species would struggle to obtain essential nutrients and nutrient cycling in the atmosphere and in the soil would be stunted. This would have an adverse effect on the growth of organisms that depend on the nutrient cycle.
Dead matter and waste would build in ecosystems which would lead to the contamination of the environment and diseases. These consequences would have far-reaching effects on the ecosystems and ultimately on the world at large. Explanation: The eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980 and the return of wildlife to the area after the eruption is an example of secondary succession. This is because the eruption caused destruction of the existing ecosystem, leaving bare rock and ash, thus starting a new ecosystem. After this event, the area was colonized by pioneer species such as lichens, grasses and shrubs, followed by small trees and larger trees which make up the climax community.
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In an ecosystem that is highly contaminated with PCB, where in the food chain would you find the highest concentration of PCB ? tertiary consumer primary producer water photosynthetic organism secondary consumer
In an ecosystem that is highly contaminated with PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls), the highest concentration of PCB would be found in the tertiary consumer of the food chain.
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of chemicals that are no longer produced in the United States, but are still present in the environment. They were used as coolants and lubricants in electrical equipment such as transformers, capacitors, and other electrical equipment for years before being banned in the 1970s because of their harmful effects on human health and the environment.
PCBs enter the food chain as a result of bioaccumulation, which is the process by which chemicals accumulate in the fatty tissue of living organisms. PCBs have the potential to bioaccumulate and biomagnify in the food chain, which means that the concentration of PCBs increases as they move up the food chain from primary producers to secondary and tertiary consumers.
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In a wet year, grasshoppers on your pasture eat approximately 106.5 kg/acre every day (that’s ca. 235 lbs/acre/day). Knowing the fact that grasshoppers eat their own body mass in vegetation daily, and the average grasshopper on your land is 1 g, how many grasshoppers per square yard are on your pasture during this dry year?
In a dry year, there are 22 grasshoppers per square yard on your pasture, based on the fact that they eat their own body mass in vegetation daily.
To determine the number of grasshoppers per square yard on your pasture during the dry year, we'll need to convert the given information into appropriate units and perform the necessary calculations.
Convert the grasshopper's daily food consumption from kg/acre to kg/square yard. Since there are 4,840 square yards in an acre, we can calculate the grasshopper's daily food consumption per square yard as follows:
Food consumption per square yard = (Food consumption per acre) / (Number of square yards in an acre)
= 106.5 kg / 4,840 square yards
= 0.022 kg/square yard
To determine the weight of vegetation that a grasshopper eats in a day. Given that a grasshopper eats its own body mass in vegetation daily and the average grasshopper on your land weighs 1 g (0.001 kg), we can calculate the weight of vegetation consumed by a grasshopper in a day:
Weight of vegetation consumed by a grasshopper = Body mass of grasshopper = 0.001 kg
Now, we can find the number of grasshoppers per square yard by dividing the food consumption per square yard by the weight of vegetation consumed by a grasshopper:
Number of grasshoppers per square yard = Food consumption per square yard / Weight of vegetation consumed by a grasshopper
= 0.022 kg/square yard / 0.001 kg
= 22 grasshoppers/square yard
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What are binding sites, present on DNA, that bind regulatory proteins, resulting in an increased level of transcription for a gene that is distant from the binding site? O A. enhancer O B. augmenter OC. amplifier OD enlarger O E. promoter
answer: silencer repress transcription. Like enhancers, silencers can be found before or after the gene they control and can be some distance away on the DNA strand
Compare and contrast the differing frameworks of hydrosocial studies and socio-hydrology. State your preferences, if you have one, and Why?
Hydrosocial studies and Socio-hydrology are two frameworks that have been used to address water resources management issues. The two frameworks have different scopes and methods, making it essential to compare and contrast their differences.
Here is a comparison of the two frameworks of hydrosocial studies and socio-hydrology and my preferences.Hydrosocial studies Hydrosocial studies encompass the social, ecological, economic, and political factors that influence water management. This framework investigates the complex relationships between society and water, including the cultural, social, and political context that govern water resource management. Hydrosocial studies focus on how water resources are regulated, negotiated, contested, and controlled.
It involves the analysis of historical, cultural, and political factors that shape the relationship between water and society. Hydrosocial studies also evaluate the role of different actors, including government agencies, private companies, communities, and individuals in water management. Socio-hydrology investigates the interactions between humans and the water cycle. This framework explores how human behavior, decision-making, and activities affect water resources. Socio-hydrology emphasizes the feedback loops between social and hydrological systems, including the impact of human actions on water resources and the feedback from water resources on society.
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Why is the fossil record of clams more complete than that of spiders?
Choose one:
A. Clams have very hard shells, whereas spiders have soft shells that break down more easily.
B. Spiders are too small to be preserved well.
C. Clams were more abundant throughout geologic time than spiders.
D. Spiders only recently evolved, so they are absent from the fossil record.
Answer:
The best answer is A:
A. Clams have very hard shells, whereas spiders have soft shells that break down more easily.
Explanation:
Spiders are any of numerous predaceous arachnids of the order Araneae, most of which spin webs that serve as nests and as traps for prey.
Arachnids are any wingless, carnivorous arthropods of the class Arachnida, including spiders, scorpions, mites, ticks, and daddy-longlegs, having a body divided into two parts, the cephalothorax and the abdomen, and having eight appendages and no antennae.
The oldest fossils of spiders are 52 million years old.
Fossils are any remains, impression, or trace of a living thing of a former geologic age, as a skeleton, foot print, etc.
For a fossil to form, the remains of an organism must become mineralized through a process of permineralization or through replacement of organic material by mineral deposits.
Clams have hard shells made of calcite, a mineral form of calcium carbonate. These shells are resistant to chemical and biological breakdown and can become fossilized relatively easily.
In contrast, spiders have soft exoskeletons made of chitin and proteins. These are susceptible to decay and decomposition, making spider fossils rare and incomplete in the fossil record. Their fossilization likely requires exceptional circumstances of rapid burial and mineralization.
Options B, C and D are not supported as the primary reason for the disparity in the fossil records of clams and spiders. Though spiders are small and possibly less abundant, some small arthropods do still appear as fossils. And spiders have been around for over 300 million years, so they are not newly evolved.
Photosynthesis: Which one of the following is true?
Majority of the solar energy reached on Earth is captured by plants for use in photosynthesis.
Carbon dioxide is a critical component of photosynthesis.
Oxygen is a critical input for the photosynthesis.
Most solar energy are suitable for photosynthe
The following statement is true regarding photosynthesis Carbon dioxide is a critical component of photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis is the process that enables plants, some bacteria, and certain protistans to use sunlight to synthesize nutrients from carbon dioxide and water. During photosynthesis, light energy is absorbed by pigments such as chlorophyll and converted into chemical energy .
Carbon dioxide is a crucial component of photosynthesis because it is used as a source of carbon to produce glucose, which is used as a source of energy by the plant. In addition, water and oxygen are needed during the process, which produces glucose as well as oxygen.
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(k) During biological N removal, what happens in the anoxic zone? i) NOx generation ii) High in NOx iii) Converting NOx to N2 iv) No additional organic addition (1) Which EPA requirement should be fulfilled to apply biosolids to land without further pathogen regulation? i) Class A requirement ii) Class B requirement iii) 1" biosolids requirement iv) Class 1 requirement (m) Which is more acutely toxic? i) LD50 = 5 mg/kg BW ii) LD50 = 1000 mg/kg BW (n) Under what circumstances can a registered engineer sign and seal plans or documents he/she did not prepare? i) Registered engineers can coordinate ii) Under no circumstances. projects that include segments that they are not competent in if a qualified registered engineer signs and scals plans or documents for those segments of the project iii) If the plans or documents were prepared iv) When practicing in a state different than by someone under the registered engineer's the one in which the engineer is registered. direct supervision and the registered engineer is an expert in the subject matter.