Define bottleneck effect.


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Answer:

A rainbow is caused by sunlight and atmospheric conditions.

Explanation:

I hope it helps you!

Answer:

How and why does the surface of the earth change

of the earth has changed?

It can be hard to describe change on the surface without bringing up the interior. Earth is a system of constantly changing interactions between interior, surface conditions, and external events.

Volcanoes bring up new material and even create land. The Hawaiian islands, for instance are a chain of volcanoes on the surface, but the underlying structure is a single magma plume. In a way, the entire chain of islands is a single volcano that breaks through different places as the crust moves over it.

On that note: plates. Earth is made of tectonic plates that constantly move. Some grind against one another, others collide, and some pull apart. Depending on direction and interaction, you get anything from mountains, to spreading valleys, oceans, and anything else you care to name. Mountains can almost be viewed as something akin to the ridges of build up ice on a window scraper.

Erosion by water, wind, sand, chemicals, and living things changes the surface too. Materials on the surface face an incredible number of forces breaking them down and dragging them away, even as those same forces in different places and situations deposit those materials in other places, building things back up.

“Stardust” is also a thing. Rocks, dust, debris, and all sorts of random, natural cra.,p is constantly hitting our atmosphere. Regardless of whether or not it stays mostly intact, some material breaks off, and most of it does tend to make it to the surface, adding tiny amounts of matter all the time. …of course something BIG enough hitting the surface can throw rocks and chunks of surface clear into space, so that’s a thing too.

Remember when I mentioned living things? Living things D.,IE! Gac.k! And when they do, they break down into organic gunk. Soil - the stuff we grow crops in - is basically minerals and dead things that are decaying into nutritious, yummy, dir.,t.

Weather changes things too. Rain erodes, but rain that soaks a rock, and then is frozen by low temperatures, breaks the rock. Too much rain can create flooding, which results in a lot of sediment moving downstream. Heat can dry things out, crack the ground, and even slowly cook one kind of soil into another. Lightning can make glass out of sand, snow can collapse weak ground, not enough rain can dry out ground that could si.nk down without the extra pressure, and too much rain can literally move mountainsides if enough water adds its weight to the rocks and dir.t.

It’s always changing, and there is always more complexity to go into when studying it. There’s seldom a single cause, or reason, or effect for anything.

Explanation:

Have a great day!

The surface of the earth is constantly changing.

Explanation:

Wind, water,and ice break down large rocks and move sediments on the surface. Some events, though, change earth's surface much more quickly. These include volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and landslides.

Answer:

C: the song bird

Explanation:

Birds follow a type II or in your case a type B survivorship curve. Unlike elephants which are a Type I or Type A, and the bugs are Type III or Type C in your case.

Answer: I think it would be (C)

Explanation:

I really hope this helps

During aerobic activity, high number of ATP molecules are produced due to the addition of oxygen in it.

The percentage of ATP production for a strength/power athlete during an aerobic activity during the first 10 seconds of the activity would be higher than activity of anaerobic. Aerobic respiration process produces up to 38 ATP molecules per glucose as compared to anaerobic respiration produces only 2 ATP molecules per glucose.

This shows that aerobic respiration produces 15 to 20 times higher energy as compared to anaerobic respiration so we can conclude that during aerobic activity, high number of ATP molecules are produced due to the addition of oxygen in it.

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Answer:

organic selection

Explanation:

Answer:

A microorganism is a living thing that is too small to be seen with the naked eye. Examples of microorganisms include bacteria, archaea, algae, protozoa, and microscopic animals such as the dust mite.

Explanation:

B . Pa brainlist hope it helps I'm new here

Answer: Valence electrons

Explanation:  Valence electrons of the elements in the bond are shared. The gain , loss , or sharing of electrons occurs in every chemical bond.

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Answer:

Explanation:

A

Answer: [A] It loses nutrients to the leech.

Explanation:

An example of gene flow is: A. The migration/movement of people on Earth which gradually increases and alters the course of human evolution.

Gene flow, which can also be referred to as gene migration, is the transfer of genes or genetic material from one population of a species to another.

Migration of humans from one region to another leads to people of one race intermarrying with people of another entire race.

Therefore, an example of gene flow is: A. The migration/movement of people on Earth which gradually increases and alters the course of human evolution.

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Answer:

A

Explanation:

I took the test

Answer:

Benign

Explanation:

Answer:

Tiny structures which make proteins from DNA

Explanation:

The main function of ribosome is protein synthesis

Answer:

I think it's either mutase or dehydrogenase, but I'm not exactly sure why. I haven't taken a chemistry class yet, so I don't know too much about it TBH.

Answer:

Nope

Explanation:

Nope

Nope

Nope

Nope

Nope

Nope

Nope

Nope

Nope

Nope

Nope

Nope

Nope

Nope

Nope

Nope

Nope

Nope

Nope

Nope

Answer:

For example, sensory neurons send information from the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin to the brain. Motor neurons carry messages away from the brain to the rest of the body.

Explanation:

When the impulse reaches the end of the axon, chemicals are released and picked up by a neighboring neuron, causing the nerve impulse to continue. ... Your emotions, decisions, and physical actions all happen through nerve impulses traveling through neurons in your brain, spinal cord and nerves.

Answer:

D

Explanation:D Sorry if I'm wrong!

Answer:

Spare tire in abdominal area is large amount of fat deposits usually derived by poor diet and lack of exercise

The spare tire is excess body fat stored around the midsection when our calorie balance is off.

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Answer:

maybe cab If it's wrong I'm so sorry

Answer:

sun ----> plant -----> bunny

Explanation:

the sun helps the plant grow, then the bunny eats the plant.

Answer:

Sun, Plankton, Herring

Explanation:

The sun Provides energy for the plankton to conduct photosynthises, which in turn allows for herring to eat the plankton

Although I cannot see the model for Simone's experiment, I can offer the insight that the most likely role of plants in the model is that they consume the carbon atoms and produce oxygen.

Therefore, we can confirm that the most likely role of plants in the model created by Simone, is that they will consume carbon atoms in the form of carbon dioxide in order to sustain photosynthesis, which releases oxygen.

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Answer:

enhancement of labor contractions during parturition

Answer:

Early diagnosis of cancer focuses on detecting symptomatic patients as early as possible so they have the best chance for successful treatment. When cancer care is delayed or inaccessible there is a lower chance of survival, greater problems associated with treatment and higher costs of care.

Explanation:

Yes The two peptides will separate from each other in an electric field when the pH is 7.0

The two peptides wil drift/separate from each other when the pH is 7.0 because of the reaction of trypsin enzyme and also the difference in charge between HbA and Hbs

Considering charge of each peptide

Since The isoelectric point of normal Hba is 6.9 and Hbs possess two fewer negative charges per hemoglobin molecules

The Hbs is more hydrophobicity than HbA due to the substitution of glutamic acids of HbS by valine residue.

Considering Electrophoresis

At a lower pH level Hbs shows a slower moving band than Hba

while a higher pH level the HbS peptide is less negatively charged while the carboxyl group of HbA is more negatively charged and Hba moves faster as well as an acidic pH.

Hence we can conclude that the two peptides will separate from each other in an electric field when the pH is 7.0

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Answer:

5730 years

Explanation:

In a chemical reaction, including radioactive decay, the half-life of a species is the time taken for the substance to decrease to exactly one-half its initial value.

For a first-order reaction, the half-life of the reactant is

                                                  [tex]t_{\frac{1}{2}} \ = \ \displaystyle\frac{\ln 2}{\lambda} \ \ \ \ \ \ (1)[/tex],

where λ is the reaction's rate constant modeled by the differential equation describing the kinetics of a first-order reaction

                                               [tex]N \ = \ N_{0}e^{-\lambda t} \ \ \ \ \ (2)[/tex],

where N is the remaining amount of substance after time t and [tex]N_{0}[/tex] is the initial amount of substance before the chemical reaction proceeds.

Since the value of λ is constant, rearrange equation (1) with λ as the subject,

                                                       [tex]\lambda \ = \ \displaystyle\frac{\ln 2}{t_{\frac{1}{2}}}[/tex].

Given that only 12.5% of carbon-14 remained after 17190 years assuming that initially there was 100% of carbon -14, substitute in the values into equation (2) and solve for λ (make λ the subject of the equation),

                               [tex]\-\hspace{0.56cm}12.5 \ = \ 100e^{-\lambda \times 17190} \\ \\ \-\hspace{0.5cm} \displaystyle\frac{12.5}{100} \ = \ e^{-17190\lambda} \\ \\ \displaystyle\frac{\ln\displaystyle(\frac{1}{8})}{-17190} \ = \ \lambda \\ \\ \-\hspace{1.05cm} \lambda \ = \ \displaystyle\frac{3\ln2}{17910} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ (\ln \displaystyle\frac{1}{x} \ = \ -\ln x\ ; \ \ln x^{n} \ = \ n\ln x )[/tex]

Equate both λ,

                                            [tex]\displaystyle\frac{\ln 2}{t_{\frac{1}{2}}} \ = \ \displaystyle\frac{3\ln2}{17190} \\ \\ \-\hspace{0.26cm} t_{\frac{1}{2}} \ = \ \ln 2 \ \times \ \displaystyle\frac{17190}{3\ln2} \\ \\ \-\hspace{0.26cm} t_{\frac{1}{2}} \ = \ \displaystyle\frac{17190}{3} \\ \\ \-\hspace{0.26cm} t_{\frac{1}{2}} \ = \ 5730[/tex]

*Note that the above calculations demonstrated that carbon-14 went through 3 half-lives to yield a remaining 12.5% of its original amount, since

                                 [tex]100\% \ \overset{t_{\frac{1}{2}}}\longrightarrow \ 50\% \ \overset{t_{\frac{1}{2}}}\longrightarrow \ 25\% \overset{t_{\frac{1}{2}}}\longrightarrow \ 12.5\%[/tex].

Therefore, if n is the time taken for carbon-14 to half its initial amount trice to remain 12.5% of its initial amount. Then, the half-life of carbon-14 is [tex]\displaystyle\frac{n}{3}[/tex].