If we have the recessive genotypic frequency, we can calculate the phenotypic frequencies in a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The percentage is 82%.
What si the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium theory?The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium theory states that allelic and genotypic frequencies remain the same through generations in a population that is in equilibrium.
The allelic frequencies in a locus are represented as p and q. Assuming a diallelic gene,
Allelic frequencies
The frequency of the dominant allele f(X) is pThe frequency of the recessive allele f(x) is qGenotypic frequencies after one generation are
• p² ⇒ H0m0zyg0us dominant genotypic frequency,
• 2pq ⇒ Heter0zyg0us genotypic frequency,
• q² ⇒ H0m0zyg0us recessive genotypic frequency.
The addition of the allelic frequencies equals 1
p + q = 1.
The sum of genotypic frequencies equals 1
p² + 2pq + q² = 1
Available data:
18% of individuals express the recessive trait of Syndactyly
Let us say that the dominant allele is A and the recessive allele is a.
The dominant allele A codes for normal finger.The recessive allele a codes for webbed finger.Assuming this gene expresses complete dominance,
H0m0zyg0us dominant and heter0zyg0us -AA and Aa- individuals have normal finger.Their frequency in the population is p² + 2pq.
h0m0zyg0us recessive -aa- individuals have webbed finger.Their frequency in the population is q².
Individuals that express Syndactyly have webbed finger and their genotype is h0m0zyg0us recessive, aa. Their frequency in the population is q².
q² = 18% = 0.18
We can get the frequency of individuals with normal fingers by clearing the following equation,
p² + 2pq + q² = 1
p² + 2pq + 0.18 = 1
p² + 2pq = 1 - 0.18
p² + 2pq = 0.82
The frequency of individuals with normal fingers is p² + 2pq = 0.82 = 82%.
The percentage of the population are not Webbed is 82%.
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Fish populations in some areas of the ocean have been exhausted by overfishing. This has caused ecosystems to become imbalanced and species to become endangered. The diagram below breaks the ocean's total fish population into three categories—species declining in population (overfished), species growing in population (moderately fished), and species with stable population (fully fished). The graph shows the percentage of the total fish population represented by each category for various years between 1974 to 2000. For example, in 1974, 51% of the population was fully fished, 39% was moderately fished, and 10% was overfished. What can be said about the trend in fish populations between 1974 and 2000? A. The percentage of the total fish population that is fully fished decreased by 18%. B. The percentage of the total fish population that is overfished increased by 18%. C. The percentage of the total fish population that is moderately fished increased by 18%. D. The percentage of the total fish population that is overfished decreased by 18%. Reset Submit
The image is NOT found here but fish overexploitation may even lead to the extinction of the total fish population.
What is fish overexploitation?The expression fish overexploitation is associated with the unresponsible use of fish resources (not only for consumption).
Fish overexploitation is a serious problem and it may lead to the disappearance of fish populations (even extinction).
In conclusion, the image is NOT found here but fish overexploitation may even lead to the extinction of the total fish population.
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State 2 features each viruses have in common with non living things
Answer:
1. Viruses are unable to respire
2. Viruses are unable to excrete
Explanation:
Both respiration and excretion are essential parts of the life processes of living organisms. Viruses, however, are unable to perform these processes and are therefore considered non-living.
Bill was really ill. he had salmonella food poisoning, which means he had __________, abdominal cramps, headache, vomiting, and diarrhoea. what main symptom of salmonella is missing from the list?
Answer:
Fever
Explanation:
Symptoms can last for seven days
Six hours to six days after infection, symptoms typically appear and continue for four to seven days. On the other hand, some people feel symptoms for a few weeks after infection, while others do not.
What cause salmonella to food poisoning?Infection with salmonella is typically brought on by ingesting raw or undercooked meat, poultry, eggs, or egg products, as well as by consuming unpasteurized milk.
The incubation period—also referred to as the latency period—can last anywhere from six hours to six days.
In addition to causing diarrhea, the acute inflammatory reaction can result in mucosal damage and ulceration. The germs have the potential to spread from the intestines and result in systemic illness.
Diarrhea, fever, and cramps are the most common symptoms of Salmonella infection.
Therefore, Symptoms can last for seven days.
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The photo shows the Matterhorn in the Swiss Alps.
What carved the sharp features of this mountain?
OA. Thermal expansion
OB. Iron oxide
C. Glacial ice
OD Plant roots
The sharp features of this mountain was caused by glacial ice and is denoted as option C.
What is a Mountain?
This is an elevated landform on the earth surface with a characteristic steep slopes present in the area.
Swiss alps is located in cold temperate regions with features such as glacial ice which is responsible for the sharp parts of the mountain via erosion.
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PLEASE HURRY! WILL MARK BRAINLIEST
Answer:
Here is the ans hope it helps:)
Why is the action of phagocytes considered a nonspecific response? it does not occur at any specific temperature. it is not involved with the production of any specific type of lymphocyte. it does not respond to any specific type of hormone. it is not a response to a specific type of pathogen.
The action of phagocytes is considered a nonspecific response because it is not a response to a specific type of pathogen. Thus, the correct option is D.
What are Phagocytes?Phagocytes may be defined as a type of cell that swallows and consumes foreign materials, or any microorganisms or their debris and eliminates it.
Phagocytes perform a process known as phagocytosis to engulf non-self agents and destroy them completely. It is non-specific because they usually give the same response to all kinds of antigens.
Therefore, the correct option for this question is D.
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A variation that results in increased fitness is more likely to be passed on?
A) because those individuals will migrate to new populations.
B) because the individual will reproduce.
C) because those individuals are more likely to survive long enough to pass on their variations.
A variation that results in increased fitness is more likely to be passed on because the individual will reproduce. thus option B is correct.
What is variations?Genetic diversity is endlessly possible as a result of sexual reproduction. In other words, sexual reproduction produces genetically distinct offspring. They are different from one another as well as from their parents.
Variation will be passed on through reproduction. reproduction results in genetic variation which increase the chance of survival of new organisms.
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Answer: Its C
Explanation:
Because those individuals are more likely to survive long enough to pass on their variations.
How is the skin part of the integumentary system and the excretory system?
(Hint: Think of what happens when your body gets very hot.)
The skin shields the body from external conditions and aids in the regulation of the body's internal functions as part of the integumentary system.
What is integumentary system?The integumentary system is a collection of organs that make up the body's outermost covering. It is made up of the skin and its appendages, and it serves to protect and preserve the animal's body by functioning as a physical barrier between the exterior and interior environments.
The excretory system's skin, on the other hand, acts as a regulator for the amount of fluids and salt in our bodies.
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How can bacteria be harmful? Select all that apply.
What is the relationship between matter and energy?
People with albinism have a defect in tyrosinase, an oxidase that helps to control skin pigment production. In what epidermal layer is tyrosinase active
Stratum basale is the epidermal layer in which the enzyme tyrosinase is active.
What is Albinism?This is an inherited disorder which is characterized by insufficient melanin production in the body.
The enzyme known as tyrosinase facilitates melanin production in the epidermal layer known as Stratum basale.
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Can hormones made in one part of the body work in another part of the body?
Answer:
The endocrine system is the collection of glands that produce hormones that regulate metabolism, growth and development, tissue function,
reproduction, sleep, and mood, among other things.
Explanation:
What part of the immune system is responsible for destroying or neutralizing pathogens.
Answer:
neutrophils are responsible for destroying or neutralizing pathogens
Should scientific laws be considered 100 % reliable ? Explain .
Answer:
Not always. We are constantly learning more and more about the universe, and what we find is forever changing. these scientific laws could change at a moment's notice. While they are reliable, you shouldn't trust anything 100% all the time.
The two systems that work together to cause this reaction are the endocrine system that secretes the hormone and the
Two control systems of the body
Endocrine and Nervous
Endocrine and nervous system similarities
-Work together to maintain homeostasis
-Release ligands (chemical messengers) that bind to cellular receptors on particular target cells
Endocrine and nervous system differences
Endocrine system: -Transmits hormones through blood
-Targets any cell in the body with the correct receptor
-Very widespread
-Exhibits longer reaction times and has longer-lasting effects
Endocrine System
-Composed of ducts and glands that synthesize and secrete hormones
-Hormones are released into the blood and transported throughout the body
Endocrine system regulation growth and development
-Changes measured from birth to puberty
-Hormones help regulate embryonic cell division and differentiation
-Hormones regulate metabolism
How does the endocrine system maintain homeostasis or blood composition and volume
-Hypothalamus
-Hormones regulate blood solute concentrations (ex glucose ions)
-Hormones regulate blood volume, cellular concentration, and platelet numbers
The endocrine system controlling digestive processes
-Trigger digestion when food is in the stomach
-Hormones influence secretory processes and movement of materials in the digestive tract
Endocrine System controlling Reproductive Activities
-Make sure sperm and egg make it to each other
-Hormones affect the development and function of the reproductive system and the expression of sexual behavior
Endocrine Glands
Contain epithelial tissue that makes and releases hormones within a connective tissue framework
Endocrine Organs
-Glands with solely endocrine functions
-Ex: Pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, and adrenal
Endocrine Cells
-Found in clusters in organs with another function
-Examples in Hypothalamus, Thymus, Heart, Stomach, Liver, Pancreas, Small Intestine, Adipose Connective Tissue
-Pancreases is not an endocrine gland, but it does release hormones
Mueller-Hinton agar plates are poured to a uniform thickness of 4mm. Zone size interpretive criteria are based on Mueller-Hinton plates of this thickness. If a plate had been poured that was 7 mm thick, how would this affect the size of the zones of inhibitio
If a 7mm thick plate had been poured, this would affect the size of the inhibition zones, because the inhibition area would be smaller as a greater thickness would require more drugs in the same area.
What is Diffusion Disk?It is one of the simplest, most reliable and most used susceptibility methods in microbiology laboratories. Its basic principle is the diffusion of the antimicrobial on the surface of the agar, from a disk impregnated with the same antimicrobial.
With this information, we can conclude that if a 7mm thick plate had been poured, this would affect the size of the inhibition zones, because the inhibition area would be smaller as a greater thickness would require more drugs in the same area.
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Can you identify the characteristics of plants that typically grow in early and late stages of secondary succession in an abandoned farm field
Some characteristics of plants that typically grow in the early and late stages of secondary succession are high respiration and photosynthesis.
Early and late stages of secondary succession plants?Early succession plants are plants that exist or plants that sprout before any activity on farmland, they usually have a high rate of resource intake.
Typical examples are the weeds and grasses
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what is a trait?
what is a allele?
Explanation:
an allele is an alternative form of a particular gene whereas a trait is the character that is determined by the allele.
erosion and deposition act to make the landscape smoother. If 4.5 billion years of erosion and deposition have occured, why isn't the Earth's surface more level?
Answer: Because, if there was erosion, the earth could not get in touch with inner land, so erosion can happen on coastlines, rivers, canyons, or any thing that has a body of water.
Explanation:
Polar bears are adapted to stay warm by growing thick fur. These organisms most likely live in a
Answer:
they live in a polar region.
Explanation:
it is very cold and
in the winter temperatures can drop below to about −58 degrees F
in the summer temperatures can be about 32 degrees F
and the polar bears have thick coat of fur which under the fur a a thick layer of fat Fur even grows on the bottom of their feet which helps that to grip on ice.
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HELPPPPPP!!! SCIENCEEE
Answer:
Bee pollinating a flower
Explanation:
Miohippus has been classified as a browser (an animal that feeds on shrubs and trees) while merychippus has been classified as a grazer (an animal that feeds on grasses). one valid inference that can be made regarding the evolution of modern horses based on this information is that
One valid inference that can be made regarding the evolution of modern horses is that : Pliohippus had teeth adapted for grazing
Description of PliohippusFrom the information provided in the question The modern day horse resembling the pliohippus can be inferred to have teeth which is adapted for grazing just like the pliohippus.
The pliohippus evolved from the merychippus which is classified as a grazer. because of its longer/taller teeth the pliohippus was more adapted to grazing than been a browser.
Hence we can conclude that One valid inference that can be made regarding the evolution of modern horses is that : Pliohippus had teeth adapted for grazing
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We call it ________________ when the nucleus divides into two identical _____________________.
Answer:
Mitosis, Daughter Cells
Explanation:
Mitosis is the process in which a eukaryotic cell nucleus splits in two, followed by division of the parent cell into two daughter cells. The word "mitosis" means "threads," and it refers to the threadlike appearance of chromosomes as the cell prepares to divide.
GIVING BRAINIEST TO WHOEVER GIVES THE RIGHT ANSWER!
A purple flower with a genotype PP is crossed with a white flower that has a genotype of pp. What would
the phenotype(s) of the offspring be?
Answer:
It Should Be D
Explanation:
Because if you put it in a diagram like in the picture dulow you will see all of the have 1 big P and one small p
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I need your guys's help!
I had a science exam a day or two ago, and this was one of the questions:
Identify and name the cell organelle:
M- It allows transportation of materials in and out of plant cell.
Isn't the correct answer supposed to be cell membrane? Even though they mentioned in a plant cell.. Because the cell wall is completely permeable.. so it lets anything pass through.. but the cell membrane decides and allows materials to enter and exit the cell..
The teacher said the correct answer is cell wall though.. I would like to know your thoughts!
I believe that the correct answer would be cell wall. You said that the question referred to the cell organelle within a plant cell, which is why the cell wall is correct. The cell membrane is found in animal cells while the cell wall is found in plant cells.
1: Nature of Science
After measuring the mass of a slice of a potato, a student used a hair dryer to
remove all moisture from the slice. Then the student measured the dry mass of
the same slice of potato. The student determined that potatoes are 40% water.
How could the student replicate this experiment?
7 of 11 QUESTIONS
Repeat the experiment using an oven instead of a hair dryer.
Have other students repeat the same procedure on other potatoes.
Have other students check the original calculations.
Repeat the experiment using apples instead of potatoes.
Replicability is the repetition of the experiment by other researchers who get the same results as the original experiment. B) Other students repeat the same procedure on other potatoes.
What does replication mean in an experiment?
Following the scientific method, an experiment needs to be replicable.
Replication refers to the need of repeating a research study, under different situations, different subjects, and with different researchers to determine the safety of the original findings and their possibility of generalizing them to other situations and participants.
Replicability is the possibility of carrying out the same experiment by other researchers. When repeating the experiment, results should be the same, or with a minimal variation. Results heterogeneity should be minimal.
Option B is correct. Have other students repeat the same procedure on other potatoes.
The exact same experiment will be repeated by different students -researchers- and their results should be the same as the ones of the first student -potatoes are 40% water-.
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Compare the use of RFLP to PCR in the study of DNA. What is one difference between these two methods?
A. RFLP is one of the newest methods used; PCR is one of the oldest.
B. RFLP is considered by scientists to be more useful than PCR.
C. RFLP is better to use with samples that have mold on them than PCR.
D. RFLP requires larger samples of DNA than PCR requires.
The one difference between RFLP and PCR is that RFLP requires larger samples of DNA than PCR requires.
What is RFLP and PCR?Restriction fragment length polymorphisms, or RFLPs, are differences among individuals in the lengths of DNA fragments cut by enzymes.
Polymerase chain reaction, or PCR is a technique in molecular biology for creating multiple copies of DNA from a sample.
These two techniques are used in the study of DNA, however, one difference between RFLP and PCR is that RFLP requires larger samples of DNA than PCR requires.
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How do land animals remove gas liquid and solid waste materials?
Answer:
The corect phase sequence shown
Gas, Liguid, Solid
Lqud, Gas, Solid
Sold, Liguid, Gas
Gas, Solid, Liquid
above i
Juan measured the temperature of salt water. He then added 273 to the measured value. Which temperature conversion is Juan most likely doing?
degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit
degrees Celsius to kelvins
kelvins to degrees Celsius
degrees Fahrenheit to degrees Celsius
Answer: B
Explanation: Degrees Celsius to kelvins
Answer:
Celsius to Kelvin
How do the sizes of the degrees compare between the Celsius scale and the Kelvin scale?The Celsius and Kelvin scales have the same size degree, but have different 'zero' or starting points. The freezing point for water is C and 273 in the Kelvin scale.