Answer:
The mountain ranges in the western and northern parts of China have had a significant impact on its development. These mountain ranges include the Himalayas, Kunlun Mountains, Tianshan Mountains, and Altai Mountains. They have acted as natural barriers, separating China from neighboring countries such as India, Pakistan, and Russia. This has helped to protect China from invasions and provided a sense of isolation, which has contributed to the development of a unique culture and civilization.
Additionally, the mountain ranges have influenced the climate and geography of China, affecting agriculture, transportation, and communication. For example, the Himalayas act as a barrier to the monsoon winds, which has led to the development of arid regions in the northwest. The Tianshan Mountains have created a basin and range topography, which has affected the distribution of water resources and agriculture in the region.
Explanation:
Brainliest PLssssss
Part B
In your opinion, is this a positive or negative development? Why?
The shift towardsonline socialization instead of face-to-face interaction has both positive and negative aspects.
Why is this so?On the positive side, it allows people to connect with others across geographical boundaries,fostering diverse connections and expanding social networks.
Also , online platforms provide convenience and accessibility, particularly for individuals with physical limitations or social anxiety.
However,the lack of in-person interaction may lead to reduced empathy, isolation, and challenges in building deep,meaningful relationships, which can be considered negative consequences of this trend.
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Full Question:
Although part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this full question:
Nowadays, more people are choosing to socialise online rather than face to face. Is this a positive or negative development?Why?
Why does the author most likely include the details in the first paragraph of suited for spacewalks
Answer:Page 1Page 2He looked down into a deep mountain glen, wild, lonely, and shagged, the bottom filled with fragments from the impending cliffs, and scarcely lighted by the reflected rays of the setting sun. For some time Rip lay musing on this scene; evening was gradually advancing; the mountains began to throw their long blue shadows over the valleys; he saw that it would be dark long before he could reach the village.–“Rip Van Winkle,” Washington IrvingWhat do both authors show about the mountain?Climbing the mountain is a lonely task.Climbing the mountain is against orders.Climbing the mountain at night is dangerous.Climbing the mountain takes you far from home.
Explanation:
What was one major effect of the Ming dynasty’s policy to restrict trade between china and Europe
Answer: Pirates and smugglers began to supply European merchants with Chinese goods.
Explanation: YIPPPEE
Which statement is the best example of Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev practicing the idea of perestroika?
O They traveled to a summit meeting.
O They believed In national security for their nations.
O They disagreed about the Strategic Defense Initiative.
O They pledged to reduce the number of nuclear weapons that each country already had in Europe.
Answer: Option D
They pledged to reduce the number of nuclear weapons that each country already had in Europe.
The partition of France and Britain to the former territories of the Ottoman empire was a betrayal to their promise of Independence made by them during the World War I not just to the Ottomans but also to other ethnicity within West Asia, why is it so?
The partition of France and Britain to the former territories of the Ottoman Empire was a betrayal of their promise of independence made during World War I due to geopolitical interests and the pursuit of colonial control.
During World War I, France and Britain issued declarations and made promises to various ethnic and national groups within the Ottoman Empire, including Arabs, Kurds, and Armenians, that they would support their aspirations for independence and self-determination. However, after the war, instead of fulfilling these promises, the two powers engaged in a process of partitioning the former Ottoman territories for their own strategic and economic interests.
The primary motivation behind this betrayal was the pursuit of colonial control and influence in the region. France and Britain sought to establish their dominance and maintain a grip on the valuable resources and trade routes in the Middle East. They aimed to secure access to oil reserves, maintain control over crucial waterways like the Suez Canal, and establish spheres of influence that would serve their economic and geopolitical interests.
In the process of partitioning the Ottoman territories, the principles of self-determination and independence for the local ethnic and national groups were disregarded. The Sykes-Picot Agreement of 1916 between Britain and France, for example, divided the region into separate spheres of influence, primarily serving the interests of the colonial powers. This led to the creation of artificial borders that often ignored the cultural, ethnic, and religious realities of the local populations.
Moreover, the partitioning of the Ottoman territories resulted in the imposition of colonial rule and the suppression of nationalist movements. Local populations, who had fought alongside the Allies during the war with the hope of achieving independence, were left disillusioned and betrayed by the actions of France and Britain. This betrayal fueled resentment, conflicts, and instability in the region, contributing to long-lasting political, social, and ethnic tensions that continue to shape the Middle East today.
In summary, the partition of the former Ottoman territories by France and Britain after World War I represented a betrayal of their promises of independence and self-determination. The pursuit of colonial control, strategic interests, and economic advantages overshadowed the principles of justice, self-governance, and respect for the aspirations of the local populations. The consequences of this betrayal continue to have a profound impact on the political landscape and dynamics in the Middle East.
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A high life expectancy and literacy rate are signs that a country’s economy is __________.
A.
developed
B.
developing
C.
underdeveloped
D.
undeveloped
Answer:
A. Developed
Explanation:
The answer "A. Developed" is the most appropriate because a high life expectancy and literacy rate are commonly associated with developed economies. Developed countries typically have well-established healthcare systems that contribute to longer life expectancies. Additionally, they prioritize education, resulting in higher literacy rates and a skilled workforce. These indicators reflect a higher level of economic and social development, aligning with the characteristics of developed nations.
What does the spirit of man crave?
dominion by the devil
fellowship with God
oblivion
personal gratification
I'll give a five star rating and thanks !
Answer: The spirit of man craves fellowship with God.
Explanation:
Compare and contrast the Reconstruction plans of President Johnson and the Radical Republicans in Congress
President Johnson's plan focused on a more lenient and quick restoration of the Southern states, the Radical Republicans in Congress pursued a more ambitious agenda that sought to protect the rights of freed slaves and establish a more equitable society through legislation and military intervention.
President Johnson's Reconstruction plan, known as Presidential Reconstruction, aimed at quickly reintegrating the Southern states into the Union.
It granted amnesty to most former Confederates and allowed them to regain political power. Johnson's plan did not prioritize protecting the rights of freed slaves and did not provide sufficient measures to ensure their equality and participation in society.On the other hand, the Radical Republicans in Congress, led by figures like Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner, advocated for a more aggressive and comprehensive approach known as Congressional Reconstruction.
They sought to establish a more egalitarian society by enacting laws to protect the rights of freed slaves and promote racial equality. They pushed for the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1866 and the Fourteenth Amendment, which granted citizenship and equal protection under the law to all individuals born in the United States, including former slaves.The Radical Republicans also implemented military occupation of the South, divided it into military districts, and required the states to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment as a condition for readmission to the Union.
This approach aimed to ensure the enforcement of civil rights and prevent former Confederates from regaining power and subverting the rights of African Americans.
Hence, The Reconstruction plans of President Johnson and the Radical Republicans in Congress differed in their approach towards restoring the Southern states and the rights of freed slaves.
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What is an example of strikebreaking?
Answer:
Explanation:
A strikebreaker (sometimes pejoratively called a scab, blackleg, or knobstick) is a person who works despite a strike. Strikebreakers are usually individuals who were not employed by the company before the trade union dispute but hired after or during the strike to keep the organization running. Strikebreakers may also refer to workers (union members or not) who cross picket lines to work.
Industrial Workers of the World stickerette "Don't Scab"
Industrial Workers of the World stickerette - "SCAB", "Ode to a scab" by Jack London
The use of strikebreakers is a worldwide phenomenon; many countries have passed laws outlawing their use to give more power to unionized workers. As of 2002, strikebreakers were used far more frequently in the United States than in other industrialized countries
Who was responsible for civil rights
Answer: President Lyndon B. Johnson
Explanation: President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964—legislation initiated by President John F. Kennedy before his assassination—into law on July 2 of that year. King and other civil rights activists witnessed the signing.
Answer: President Lyndon Johnson
Despite Kennedy's assassination in November of 1963, his proposal culminated in the Civil Rights Act of 1964. President Lyndon Johnson signed it into law just a few hours after it was passed by Congress on July 2, 1964.
Explanation: YIPPPEE
Which phrase best completes this diagram?
The Virginia
Plan for the
federal
government
?
Favored by
larger states
A. Established the executive branch as superior to the legislative and
judicial branches
B. Was particularly advantageous to southern states
C. Called for each state's representation in Congress to be based on
population size dy
D. Created a unicameral, or one-house, Congress
Answer:
The correct option is C
Explanation:
Called for each state's representation in Congress to be based on population size.
Egypt episode
What metal did they covet & say was like the Sun?
Since Egypt had very little, where was it mostly from?
What kind of mineral deposits did the Egyptians use at first (was easiest to work)?
When these were exhausted/used up, they mined
The oldest geologic map was
B.C.E.
veins.
The U.S. had 5 strategic resources for WWII, they were:
Germany had one, it was:
Ferroalloys were crucial, they were which metals:
(not carbon, she compares C-steel to wood.)
Ukraine had crops (esp, wheat) & 2 crucial metals, that were:
Germany got what from coal? (thanks to chemists at IG Earthen):
Answer:
1. The metal that the Egyptians coveted and said was like the Sun was gold.
2. Since Egypt had very little gold, it was mostly obtained through trade with neighboring regions such as Nubia, where gold deposits were abundant.
3. The Egyptians used copper deposits at first since it was the easiest to work with.
4. When copper deposits were exhausted, the Egyptians began to mine other metals and minerals like gold, silver, and iron.
5. The oldest geologic map was created in Egypt around 1150 BCE.
6. The five strategic resources that the US had for WWII were aluminum, chromium, manganese, nickel, and tin. Germany's strategic resource was oil.
7. Ferroalloys were crucial, and they were made of iron and other metals like manganese, chromium, and nickel but not carbon, which is used to make steel.
8. Ukraine had crops, especially wheat, and two crucial metals that were iron and manganese.
9. Germany was able to extract synthetic fuels from coal thanks to the chemists at IG Farben.
The most direct confrontation came as a result of
Answer: false
Explanation: i promise
Which of these laws would Eugene Debs have been most likely to support?
limiting the number of times a person can run for president
restricting child labor to children over 12 years of age
giving business owners the legal right to outlaw unions
allowing women to vote only in national elections
3. Explain why Abraham Lincoln wanted to pursue education.
Answer: Abraham Lincoln wanted to pursue education because he believed that education was the key to success and he would improve his life and achieve all his goals.
Explanation:
hope this helps :)
Which Portuguese noble was curious about the world and promoted sea expeditions?
Responses
Ferdinand Magellan
Christopher Columbus
Pedro Cabral
Prince Henry
Answer:
prince hennry
Explanation:
because the other 3 does not contain them at all
Answer: It was "d. Ferdinand Magellan" who used his position in Portugal to promote seafaring expeditions Magellan was one of the most prominent explorers in history and is still cited in navigation tactics to this day.
Explanation: he kinda circumnavigated the world then he went dead
YIPPPEE
Which was a goal of the Berlin airlift
Answer:A getting supplies to German citizens
Explanation: The Berlin airlift was necessary to keep millions of German citizens from starving and freezing to death during the Berlin Blockade. Allied soldiers dropped supplies such as food, water, clothing, and coal from airplanes to help the people of West Berlin survive.
What did Alexander Hamilton not do as secretary of the Treasury.
20 pt What are three benefits of the rule of law as reflected in the U.S. Constitution?
Answer: Three benefits of the rule of law as reflected in the U.S. Constitution are:
It ensures equal protection under the law for all citizens, regardless of their status or background.It limits the power of the government and prevents tyranny or abuse of authority by any branch or official.It promotes democracy and accountability by requiring the government to follow the law and respect the rights of the people.
Explanation: The rule of law is a principle that states that both the government and the people are subject to and bound by the law, and that no one is above or exempt from it. The rule of law is one of the essential foundations of the U.S. Constitution, which was designed to create a system of government that respects the rights and liberties of the people, and balances the powers and functions of different branches and levels of government.
Some of the benefits of the rule of law as reflected in the U.S. Constitution are:
It ensures equal protection under the law for all citizens, regardless of their status or background. The rule of law implies that everyone is entitled to fair and impartial treatment by the law, and that no one can be discriminated against or favored by the law based on their race, religion, gender, or other characteristics. The U.S. Constitution affirms this principle in several provisions, such as the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, which states that no state shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction "the equal protection of the laws".It limits the power of the government and prevents tyranny or abuse of authority by any branch or official. The rule of law implies that the government must act within the limits and boundaries set by the law, and that it cannot violate or infringe upon the rights and freedoms of the people. The U.S. Constitution establishes this principle in several ways, such as by creating a federal system that divides power between the national and state governments, by creating a separation of powers that distributes power among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, and by creating a system of checks and balances that allows each branch to oversee and restrain the others.It promotes democracy and accountability by requiring the government to follow the law and respect the rights of the people. The rule of law implies that the government must be responsive and responsible to the will and interests of the people, and that it must be transparent and accountable for its actions and decisions. The U.S. Constitution facilitates this principle in several ways, such as by establishing a representative democracy that allows the people to elect their leaders and representatives, by establishing a bill of rights that guarantees certain fundamental rights and freedoms to the people, and by establishing a judicial review that allows courts to interpret and enforce the constitutionality of laws.Hope this helps, and have a great day! =)
Mayan achievement is pictured in the source above?
O Pictographic Writing Which
O Advanced Mathematics
O Pottery
Based on the details provided in the source text, the Mayan achievement pictured is their advanced mathematics system. The relevant excerpt states: "One of the Mayan's greatest achievements is their advanced mathematics system. The diagrams pictured here..."
The full sentence indicates that the diagrams pictured, which serve as the primary visual content of the source, represent the Mayan's advanced mathematics system.
PROJECT: THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION Write a five-hundred word report, detailing the specific problems that developed as a result of the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation. You may choose to conduct additional research to build your understanding of the details of each of the problems. If you do choose to use research information, your sources should be cited appropriately.
The weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation led to problems such as weak central government, financial constraints, trade disputes, inefficient decision-making, inadequate military power, and unequal representation.
The Articles of Confederation, the first governing document of the United States from 1781 to 1789, suffered from several weaknesses that led to significant problems.
These issues highlighted the need for a stronger central government, eventually leading to the drafting of the U.S. Constitution.
Here are some key problems that developed as a result of the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation:
1. Weak Central Government:
The central government established under the Articles lacked sufficient power and authority. It had no executive branch to enforce laws and no national court system, leaving it unable to effectively address disputes or enforce its decisions.2. Limited Revenue and Financial Problems:
The Articles did not grant the central government the power to levy taxes, leading to severe financial constraints. The government had to rely on voluntary contributions from the states, which often fell short, resulting in inadequate funds to pay debts and support the military.3. Inability to Regulate Commerce:
The central government lacked the authority to regulate trade and commerce among the states, resulting in economic chaos. Each state had its own trade policies and tariffs, hindering interstate commerce and leading to trade disputes and barriers.4. Inefficiency in Decision-Making:
The Articles required unanimous agreement among the states to pass laws, making it challenging to accomplish anything of significance. Disagreements and conflicting interests among the states often stalled decision-making, hampering the government's ability to respond to national issues effectively.5. Lack of Central Military Power:
The central government had limited control over the military. It could not raise an army without the consent of the states, and individual states maintained their own militias. This weakened defense capabilities and made it difficult to address external threats or maintain internal order.6. Inadequate Representation:
Under the Articles, each state had equal representation in Congress, regardless of population size. This led to a disproportionate balance of power, as larger states had the same influence as smaller ones. It resulted in unequal representation and hindered the fair and effective functioning of the government.These problems ultimately led to significant challenges in governing the nation and threatened its stability.
The weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation highlighted the need for a stronger central government that could effectively address these issues and ensure the smooth functioning of the nation as a whole.
As a result, the Constitutional Convention was held in 1787 to draft a new constitution, which led to the formation of the more robust and effective U.S. Constitution that we have today.
Sources:
- American Battlefield Trust. "Articles of Confederation." https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/articles-confederation
- U.S. History.org. "The Articles of Confederation." https://www.ushistory.org/us/15a.asp
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How did Hitler and Stalin maintain everyday control of their citizens?
Answer:
Hitler and Stalin maintained control of their citizens through the use of terror tactics, stringent regulations, and government propaganda. Hitler's Nazi Party employed ruthless measures such as Gestapo secret police to terrorize citizens and eliminate any opposition. Stalin also used secret police (the NKVD), labor camps, limited access to food and medical care, and millions of executions to instill fear among his citizens. Both dictators also relied heavily on using government-sponsored propaganda to increase public support for their regimes and control the flow of information. Furthermore, citizens in Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union were required to adhere to a wide array of restrictions and regulations in order to maintain order and prevent the spread of rebellious ideas.
Explanation:
Which are rights held by Washington’s Indigenous nations? Check all that apply.
to make tribal laws
to ignore federal laws
to form armies or navies
to run gambling casinos
to form a government
to write new state laws
The rights held by Washington's Indigenous nations include:
- To make tribal laws
- To form a government
The rights held by Washington's Indigenous nations include:
1. To make tribal laws:
Indigenous nations have the right to establish and enforce their own laws within their tribal territories. These laws govern various aspects of tribal governance, land use, and cultural practices.2. To form a government:
Indigenous nations have the right to establish their own governmental systems, which include tribal councils, chiefs, or other forms of governance that reflect their unique cultural and political structures.3. To write new state laws:
While Indigenous nations do not have the authority to write state laws, they may engage in government-to-government relationships with state governments to negotiate agreements, compacts, or policies that impact their tribal communities.It is important to note that the other options listed, such as ignoring federal laws, forming armies or navies, running gambling casinos, are not universally applicable rights held by Indigenous nations in Washington or elsewhere.
The rights and authorities of Indigenous nations are defined by tribal sovereignty, federal Indian law, and treaties or agreements negotiated with the U.S. government.
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what was the treaty of versailles? what were the terms?
why was germany so upset over the treaty of versailles? how did it punish them? what did they give up?
how did the treaty of versailles help lead to the rise of hitler, the nazis, and ww2
a. The Treaty of Versailles was the peace treaty that ended World War I, imposing harsh terms on Germany.
b. Germany was upset over the treaty's blame, reparations, territorial losses, and military restrictions.
c. These grievances and economic hardships paved the way for Hitler, the Nazis, and World War II.
a. The Treaty of Versailles was a peace treaty signed on June 28, 1919, that officially ended World War I. It was negotiated among the Allied powers, primarily the United States, France, and Britain, and imposed several terms on Germany. The treaty assigned full blame for the war on Germany and its allies, resulting in significant economic and territorial penalties.
b. Germany was deeply upset over the treaty for several reasons. Firstly, it was forced to accept sole responsibility for the war, leading to a sense of humiliation and national resentment. Secondly, the treaty imposed massive reparations on Germany, amounting to billions of dollars, which severely strained its economy. Germany was also required to reduce its military forces, give up territory, and dismantle its overseas colonies.
c. The punitive terms of the Treaty of Versailles played a significant role in the rise of Adolf Hitler, the Nazi Party, and ultimately World War II. The severe economic hardships caused by reparations, combined with the feeling of national humiliation, created a fertile ground for extremist ideologies. Hitler exploited these sentiments, promising to restore Germany's former glory and overturn the treaty's perceived injustices.
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How did ancient Judaism differ from neighboring religions? (30c, DOK 2)
Question 6 options:
Judaism recruited new members; other religions did not
Judaism was monotheistic; their religions were polytheistic
Judaism embraced founding stories; other religions were based on action.
Judaism gave women equal rights; other religions treated women unfairly.
Judaism was monotheistic while neighboring religions were polytheistic.
Ancient Judaism differed from neighboring religions in several ways, with one notable distinction being its monotheistic belief system. While neighboring religions practiced polytheism, Judaism firmly upheld the belief in one God, emphasizing monotheistic worship and rejecting the worship of multiple deities. This monotheistic perspective set Judaism apart and influenced various aspects of Jewish religious and cultural practices. Additionally, Judaism had its own unique set of religious texts, laws, and rituals, and it placed significant importance on the covenant between God and the Jewish people. These distinct characteristics, including the emphasis on monotheism, contributed to the uniqueness and separateness of ancient Judaism in comparison to the surrounding polytheistic religions.In conclusion, ancient Judaism stood out from neighboring religions through its monotheistic belief system, which set it apart in a polytheistic context. This fundamental distinction shaped the religious practices, texts, and cultural identity of Judaism, highlighting its unique position and contributing to its enduring influence throughout history.
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History
What happened in Brenham, TX on the night of September 7, 1866?
Who do you think was to blame? Why? (Be sure to make specific
references to the article and the primary sources from Section 4.3
On the night of September 7, 1866, several dozen Black soldiers from the 25th Infantry Regiment were stationed in Brenham, TX. The soldiers were there to protect against potential attacks from Confederate sympathizers or Native Americans. However, tensions rose when one of the soldiers, Sgt. William Walker attempted to arrest a local white man named James Talbot for disorderly conduct.
Talbot resisted and was eventually released after a scuffle with the soldiers. Later that night, a group of white townspeople formed a mob and attacked the Black soldiers, leading to what is now known as the Brenham Riot. The soldiers retreated to their camp, but the mob followed them and continued to attack, eventually setting fire to the camp and forcing the soldiers to flee. The primary sources from Section 4.3 of the article indicate that the white townspeople were to blame for the Brenham Riot. One source is a report from Major N.A.M. Dudley, the commander of the 25th Infantry Regiment, who described the events leading up to the riot and the violence that ensued. Another source is a letter from a local resident named S.H. Brashear, who wrote to his brother about the riot and expressed sympathy for the Black soldiers. In addition to these primary sources, the article notes that many historians believe the Brenham Riot was part of a larger pattern of violence against Black soldiers during the Reconstruction era. This violence was often fueled by racism and resentment towards the federal government's efforts to protect the rights of Black Americans.
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what are the two consequences of the fall of the Soviet Union
Answer:
increased crime rates and corruption within the Russian government and china began to emerge as a global superpower
Explanation:
Answer:
disarray within all territory they had and within Russia itself especially with it's government and citizen's
Explanation:
Doto the collapse they no longer had all the resources, land, and intel gathering therefore it quickly fell apart to a smaller country aswell as causing China to become a superpower.
the neolithic is characterized by which of the following
The Neolithic period is characterized by the domestication of plants and animals, the emergence of agriculture, the development of new technologies and tools, the establishment of permanent settlements, and the advancement of social and cultural systems. These developments were transformative and laid the groundwork for the development of more complex societies in the subsequent ages.
The Neolithic period, also known as the New Stone Age, is characterized by several significant developments that mark a transition from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to settled agricultural communities. These developments include the domestication of plants and animals, the emergence of agriculture and farming practices, the establishment of permanent settlements, the development of pottery and new tools, and the advancement of social and cultural systems.
One of the key characteristics of the Neolithic period is the domestication of plants and animals. During this time, early humans began to cultivate crops such as wheat, barley, and rice, and domesticate animals like sheep, goats, and cattle. This shift from relying solely on hunting and gathering to the intentional cultivation of plants and the domestication of animals laid the foundation for a more settled and agricultural way of life.
Another hallmark of the Neolithic period is the emergence of agriculture. With the ability to cultivate crops, early humans could now produce a surplus of food, leading to more permanent settlements. This shift from a nomadic lifestyle to settled communities allowed for the development of complex social structures, specialization of labor, and the growth of population centers.
The Neolithic period also witnessed the development of new technologies and tools. People began using polished stone tools, such as axes and sickles, for farming and construction purposes. The invention of pottery was another significant advancement, allowing for the storage and preservation of food and other goods.
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The Indian Appropriations Act of 1871 changed how the US government treated Indigenous peoples. Under this policy:___.
a. Indigenous peoples were treated as part of a tribe. b. Indigenous peoples were treated as individuals. c. Indigenous groups became separate nations. d. Indigenous peoples became independent of the US.
Witch period of egyptian occurred closest to the beginnig of the common era
The period of Egyptian history that occurred closest to the beginning of the Common Era is the Ptolemaic period.
Explanation: The Ptolemaic period in Egypt refers to the dynasty of pharaohs who ruled Egypt after the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BCE until the Roman conquest of Egypt in 30 BCE. The Ptolemaic dynasty was founded by Ptolemy I Soter, one of Alexander's generals. This period is named after the ruling dynasty, which was of Macedonian-Greek origin.
The Ptolemaic period is known for its significant Greek influence and Hellenization of Egyptian culture. The Ptolemies adopted many aspects of Egyptian pharaonic traditions and presented themselves as pharaohs, but they also promoted Greek language, customs, and religion. The city of Alexandria, founded by Alexander the Great, became a thriving center of intellectual and cultural exchange during this period.
The end of the Ptolemaic period and the beginning of the Common Era marked a transition in Egyptian history as the Roman Empire gradually expanded its influence over the Mediterranean region. With the defeat of the last Ptolemaic queen, Cleopatra VII, by the Roman general Octavian (later known as Augustus), Egypt became a Roman province in 30 BCE. This marked the end of the Ptolemaic rule and the beginning of direct Roman control over Egypt.
In summary, the Ptolemaic period of Egyptian history, characterized by the rule of the Ptolemaic dynasty and the blending of Greek and Egyptian cultures, occurred closest to the beginning of the Common Era. It came to an end with the Roman conquest of Egypt, marking a significant transition in the region's history.
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