A scientist has a “mystery element” that she wants to identify by using its properties. These properties include its freezing point. She collected data about the element’s freezing point and displayed it on this graph.

The line shows a decreasing slope from 1650 C until a little below 1500 C from time 1 to 15 minutes. At a little below 1500 C, the line flattens until 25 minutes. After 1500 C, the slope decreases until 35 minutes.

Examine the graph. Explain what physical states are represented by each graph region, and describe how the behavior of the particles changes over time.

Answer:

[tex]C_{2}[/tex][tex]H_{6}[/tex]O  This can be one of two componds:  ethanol or dimethyl ether.

Explanation:

I'm having trouble interpreting:

Η Η | | H—C-C-0-HHH

The manner in which a chemical structure is written plays a large roll in how to interpret what compund it is.  In this case we can count 2 carbons, 1 oxygen, and 6 hydrogens.

From this, we are tempted to quickly conclude and write:

[tex]C_{2}[/tex][tex]H_{6}[/tex]O

and state that this is clearly ethanol.  Why would it be anything else?

Although this is a correct possible interpretation of the information, but [tex]C_{2}[/tex][tex]H_{6}[/tex]O it has at least two different structures:  ethanol and dimethyl ether.  See the attached diagram.

Most combination of elements can have more than 1 structure, and are therefore different compounds.  Because if this, the manner in which the structure is drawn is essential to how it is interpreted.  Even the formula notation has certain rules designed to help identify the compound.  The attached diagram illustrates the two ways ethanol and dimethyl ether can be lav=belled:  C2H5OH, which highligts the -OH group and identifies it as an alcohol.  Dimethyl ether has the O atom at the end, without the H atom stuck behind it.  This signals that it is incorporated somewhere else in the molecule.

0.112 L CO₂ is the volume of carbon dioxide.

Glucose ferments decompose to form the ethanol and carbon dioxide.

Balanced equation :  C₆H₁₂O₆  ----> 2C₂H₅OH (aq) + 2CO₂ (g)

By using formula, M= m/n

Where,

M⇒ Molar mass

m⇒ Mass of a substance (in grams)

n⇒ Number of moles of a substance

The molar mass (M) of C₆H₁₂O₆ (aq) ⇒180.156 g/mol

Calculating the moles(n) of C₆H₁₂O₆(aq) .

n ⇒ m/M

m ⇒ mass ⇒ 0.9 C₆H₁₂O₆

M ⇒ molar mass

n ⇒180.156g/mol C₆H₁₂O₆

n ⇒ 0.9g C₆H₁₂O₆/ 180.156 g/mol

n⇒ 0.005 mol C₆H₁₂O₆

Calculating moles(m) of CO₂ :

m⇒0.005 mol CaCO₃× (1 mol CO₂/1 mol  C₆H₁₂O₆)

m⇒ 0.005 mol CO₂

At STP of 273.15 K (0°C) and 1 atm, the molar volume of a gas is 22.414 L/mol.

Calculating volume of CO₂ :

Multiply the mole CO₂ by the molar volume to get the volume of CO₂ in liters.

⇒ 0.005 mol CO₂× 22.414 L/mol

⇒ 0.112 L CO₂  to three significant figures

Converting volume CO₂ in L to mL.

⇒ 0.112 L CO₂ × 1000 mL/L

⇒ 112.07 mL CO₂

Volume of CO₂ ⇒ 0.112 L CO₂  or 112.07 mL CO₂

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Answer

Protons And Neutrons

Explanation

The nucleus itself is generally made of protons and neutrons but even these are composite objects. Inside the protons and neutrons, we find the quarks, but these appear to be indivisible, just like the electrons.

Answer: New Pressure = 10.80 atm

By using the acid – base extraction process, we can separate the given organic compounds.

A liquid-liquid extraction is a type of acid-base extraction. It usually includes differing amounts of solubility in water and an organic solvent. Any carbon-based liquid that does not dissolve well in water can be used as the organic solvent; prominent examples include ether, ethyl acetate, and dichloromethane.

Acid-base extraction is a method of purifying acids and bases from mixtures depending on their chemical characteristics by employing consecutive liquid-liquid extractions.

In this scenario, acid-base extraction is required since it is also employed to separate the two different weak acids or two weak bases with a considerable variation in their pKa (as observed in this case). In the case of acids, the considerably stronger acid with a low pKa value (here, pKa is 2) is neutralized to a salt by utilizing a weak base. Only the stronger acid is converted into a salt when the weak base reacts inefficiently with the weaker acid. The salt is then extracted into the aqueous phase while the other weakly acidic chemical stays dissolved in the organic solvent, which in this case is ether. We can now separate the aqueous and organic phases using a separatory funnel.

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The pair of atoms in which the nuclei contain the same number of neutrons is Chlorine - 35 and Sulfur - 34

The nucleus of the atom is composed of protons and neutrons. The neutrons have no charge on them and is represented by the letter N. The difference between mass number of the atom and its atomic number would give the number of neutrons present in the nucleus of the atom.

The number of neutrons of the respective atoms are

(i) Calcium – 40 = 20 neutrons

Calcium – 42 = 22 neutrons

(ii) Chlorine – 35 = 18 neutrons

Sulfur – 34 = 18 neutrons

(iii) Bromine – 83 = 48 neutrons

Krypton – 83 = 47 neutrons

(iv) Iodine – 127 = 74 neutrons

Bromine – 80 = 45 neutrons

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Answer:

true

Explanation:

its going through a physical change beings that its compound never changes chemically.

Answer: I believe False

Explanation:

Sublimation occurs when a substance changes directly from the solid phase to the gas phase without passing through the intermediate liquid phase But the physical change part is correct though

I hope that helped in some way :)

Cap and trade programs for reducing sulfur dioxide from these industrial emission.

Burning low-sulfur fuel, such as natural gas, low-sulfur oil, or low-sulfur coal, is an efficient way to reduce SOx emissions since sulphur emissions are proportional to the sulphur content of the fuel. The fact that natural gas produces no particulate matter when burnt is an additional benefit.

It is a contaminant that increases acid deposition, which can affect the quality of soil and water. Acid deposition may have serious aftereffects, including detrimental effects on aquatic ecosystems in rivers and lakes as well as harm to forests, crops, and other plants.

Electric utilities, particularly those that burn coal, are the main source of sulphur dioxide discharged into the atmosphere.

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The relative atomic mass of iridium is 192.22.a naturally occurring sample of Iridium contains more 193Ir .

Given,

The relative atomic mass of iridium is 192.22.

191x + 193(1-x) = 192.22

191x + 193 -193x = 192.22

193x-191x = 193 - 192.22

2x = 0.78

x= 0.78/2 = 0.39

Percentage abundance of 191Ir is 39% and 193Ir is 61% .

192.22 is about 5/8 of the way from 191 to 193 ,5/8 will be Ir193 Or 61% .

Thus, a naturally occurring sample of Iridium contains more 193Ir .

A physical quantity with no dimensions is relative atomic mass. It is the ratio of the mass of a carbon-12 atom to the average mass of an element's atoms (from a single sample or source) (known as the unified atomic mass unit).

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The moles of sodium hydroxide when you have 350.0 ml of a 0.650 m sodium hydroxide solution is 0.2275 moles.

According to the definition of molarity, we can draw the definition of 1M as

If 1 Mol of solute is present in 1000 mL of solution, then the solution will be called one molar ( or 1M)

​Thus in the given problem 0.650 M of NaOH means,

1000 mL of solution contains 0.650 M NaOH

So, 350 mL  0.650 M NaOH solution will contain

0.650 × 350/1000 moles of NaOH.

That is equal to  0.2275 moles of NaOH.

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We must now decide whether the attraction or repulsion becomes weaker or stronger.

The attraction increases as electrons come nearer to the nucleus. We must first define the conditions that can lead to attraction and those that can lead to repulsion. In electrical interactions: By the rules governing electric charges; unlike poles attract, as poles repel.

Additionally, the nucleus of an atom in the atomic model has a positive charge because it contains protons, which have a positive charge, and neutrons, which have no charge. Because the electrons orbit their orbit and the nucleus is positively charged. The force is an attracting force as a result.

As is common knowledge, the strength of an attraction or repulsion depends inversely on the distance between two objects. energized particles (the electrons and the nucleus in this case). The force of attraction between an electron and a nucleus grows as the distance between them decreases as an electron approaches the nucleus. The attraction force will eventually get greater as an electron gets closer to the nucleus because of the shorter distance between them.

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For the provided solution that is mentioned, the final solution has a pH of pH = 1.2.

NaOH and HCl(aq) (aq) ————> aq NaCl plus o2 (l)

Strong acids and bases are being combined. We can tell from this reaction that the mole ratio is 1:1.

Let's find out how many moles each reactant has currently;

n(HCl)=30/1000*0.200=0.006 moles

NaOH concentration = 30/1000 x 2.00 = 0.06 moles.

We can observe that the amount of HCl is two times greater than the amount of NaOH. NaOH is the limiting reactant as a result.

As a result, 0.006 moles of HCl and 0.006 moles of NaOH react, with 0.006 moles of HCl remaining after the reaction.

Total volume of solution is 60 mL (0.06 L) or 30 mL plus 30 mL.

H3O+ concentration in the remaining solution is 0.006.

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Answer:

The presence of partial charges in a liquid serve to break bonds of salts when introduced into the liquid and make a solution. The absence of partial charge would make salts insoluble in water and continue being present in their solid form even when mixed.

Explanation:

Salt is NaCl, an ionic, polar compound that when introduced to water will dissolve completely.

But why does salt dissolve in water?

Ionic compounds are compounds that transfer their electrons between one another. In NaCl, Na gives away one of its electrons to Cl. This now makes the Na be positively charged, and the Cl who now has more electrons around it, negatively charged. The positively and negatively charges around them is what makes them polar.

Now, water is H2O, this is a covalent, polar compound. Covalent compounds have a sharing of electrons between them rather than giving and taking like ionic. Hydrogen is attracted to Oxygen because of its electronegativity. This causes the Hydrogen ions to attract towards Oxygen and form bonds. The electrons in hydrogen will hover longer over oxygen because of this electronegativity. This makes hydrogen now positively charged and oxygen negatively charged.

So, "like dissolves like" is a phrase easy to memorize and used to remember that polar can dissolve polar and non-polar can dissolve non-polar. Think of oil and water: Oil is non-polar and water is polar, this is why they separate when combined together and don't mix!

Knowing this, when salt (polar) is mixed with water (polar), the salt will dissolve completely. This is because the partially negative and positive charges between the 2 molecules are being attracted to one another. The Na(partially +) is being attracted to the O (partially -) and the Cl (partially -) is being attracted to the H (partially +).

The percent composition of each element in water is: Hydrogen = 11.21 and for Oxygen =  88.79

What is percent composition?

% composition =

( Mass of element in one mole / molar mass of compound) × 100

Molar mass of Hydrogen = 1.01 × 2 ( as 2 hydrogen molecules are present)

                                             = 2.02 g/ mole            

Molar mass of Oxygen = 16 × 1 = 16 g/mol

Molar mass of water = 16 + 2.02 = 18.02 g

% composition of hydrogen =  (2.02 / 18.02 ) × 100

                                             = 0.112 × 100

                                             = 11.21

% composition of Oxygen =  (16 / 18.02) × 100

                                           = 88.79

Thus option 1 is correct

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Note: The complete question is given below

Find the percent composition of each element in water.

options

1. H= 11.21% and O = 88.79 %

2. H = 8.56% and O = 78.25%

3. H = 15. 3% and O = 52. 65%

4. H = 12.3 % and O = 34.6%

The mass of C₂H₂ in the mixture is 0.56 gram in the original mixture

What is Molar mass and moles of a compound?
The mass in grammes of one mole of a chemical is its molar mass.
A mole is the measurement of the number of things, such as atoms, molecules, and ions, that are present in a substance. Any material has 6.022 x 10²³ molecules in a mole.

The mole is a fundamental (SI) unit of measurement for substance quantity in chemistry. The chemical amount is another name for this amount.

An object with mass and space is considered to be a material. The entire mass of the atoms required to form a molecule per mole, expressed in grammes, is what makes up the molar mass, also known as the molecular weight. Grams per mole are used to measure molar mass.

The balanced equation for the reaction for the given question is:

C₂H₂ + 2C₂H₂ + 10O₂ ----------> 7CO₂ + 6H₂O.

From the reaction, we know that the oxygen was in excess, this will make the Carbon sources the limiting agents in the reaction. The details of the reaction showed that the ratio of water to the carbon dioxide is 1.6:1. This also means that the expected mole of carbon dioxide will be 7/1.6, which is 3.75moles.

The individual balanced equation of reaction is:

C₂H₂ +5O₂ ----------> 3CO₂ + 4H₂O

and 2C₂H₂ + 5O₂ ----------->4CO₂ + 2H₂O.

From this we can tell that the propane is in sufficient supply as it produces 3 moles of CO₂ out of the expected 3.75 moles obtained above. Leaving 0.75moles of CO₂ to the ethyne.

The mass of ethyne in the mixture will therefore be: 0.75/3.75 X 2.8 = 0.56g.

The mass of C₂H₂ in the mixture is 0.56gram in the original mixture
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Answer:

B the temperature of water

Explanation:

This molecule is best described as polar with polar covalent bonds​

Option d. is correct answer

What is covalent bond?

A covalent bond is created when the two atoms involved share their electrons equally. The shared pair or bonding pair is the name given to the electron pair in this kind of interaction. Covalent bonds are also known as molecular bonds. Due to the sharing of bonding pairs, the atoms will become stable in their outer shell, similar to the atoms of noble gases.

Polar and polar covalent bond exist because in a covalent bond, electrons are shared by atoms with various electronegativities.

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The energy change when the temperature of 0.750 kg of water decreased from 123 °C to 23.0 °C is  -313.5 kJ.

In this problem, we are dealing with specific heat which is referred to as the sum of heat per unit mass required to raise the temperature by one degree Celsius.Since we know the boiling point of water is 100°C, at 123°C, the water is steam.

The formula we are referring to for  calculating the heat energy Q

Q= m C ΔT

where m is the mass of water which is equal to 0.750  Kg, then

C is the specific heat of water equal to  4180 J/Kg °C and

ΔT is the change in temperature which is (23-123)= -100°C

So, assembling those desired values on the formula we get,

Q= 0.750 (4180) (-100)

Q=-313500

 = -313.5 kJ

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Each element has an emission spectra because of different electron energy and transitions.

First and foremost, we must comprehend what emission spectra are and why they exist.

The spectrum of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation released by an atom or molecule transitioning from a high energy state to a lower energy state is known as the emission spectrum of a chemical element or chemical compound.

So, as an electron moves from a higher energy state to a lower energy state, it emits an electromagnetic wave in the form of a photon, which is light.

In the case of hydrogen, there is only one electron, and that electron moves from a higher energy state to a ground state, resulting in the emission spectrum of a hydrogen atom.

Now, in the instance of sodium metal or sodium element, there are a total of 11 electrons present, therefore 11 can travel into higher energy states before returning to the ground state. So, the amount of electrons that can be stimulated between this and element is the difference.

Each atom has several different electron transitions, each with a different energy difference. An emission spectrum is a collection of distinct transitions that result in different radiated wavelengths. As a result, the emission spectra of each element differs from one another.

As a result, each element has a distinct emission spectrum.

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The wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation is  4.87 × 10⁻⁵ m.

The wavelength of an electromagnetic radiation is the distance between successive points in the wave that are in phase.

The wavelength, speed and frequency of a wave are related by the formula below:

Hence;

Wavelength = speed / frequency

The speed of the wave = 3 × 10⁸ m/s

frequency = 7.8 x 10¹² Hz

Wavelength =  3 × 10⁸ m/s / 7.8 x 10¹² Hz

Wavelength = 4.87 × 10⁻⁵ m

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The reaction shown in the given graph is an exothermic reaction. Therefore, option (C) is correct.

An exothermic reaction involves the release of energy in the form of heat or light in the chemical reaction. These reactions can be expressed in a chemical equation as follows:

Reactants   →   Products   +   Heat/energy

An exothermic reaction in which energy is released in the form of light or heat and are the opposite of endothermic reactions. The energy is transferred into the surroundings in an exothermic reaction rather than absorbing energy from the surroundings as in an endothermic reaction.

The change in enthalpy ( ΔH) will be negative in an exothermic reaction. The net amount of energy needed to start an exothermic reaction is less than the net amount of energy liberated by the reaction.

In an exothermic reaction, the reactants have higher energy than that of the products. Therefore, an exothermic reaction will have a negative value for the change in enthalpy (ΔH < 0).

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The acid ionization constant of a solution is represented as Ka. The Pka is the negative logarithm of Ka value. The ka value of the acid with pka of 5.2 is 6.3 × 10⁻⁶ .

Acid ionization constant is the ratio of product of concentration of the ions in the acid to the molar concentration of the acid.

If and cid HA ionizes into H+ and A- then ionization constant Ka is written as follows:

Ka = [A-] [H+] / [HA]

Mathematically pka is the negative logarithm of ka value. The pka value is given 5.2 thus ka value is calculated as follows:

pka = -log (Ka)

- 5.2 = log (Ka)

Ka = antilog (5.2)

     =  6.3 × 10⁻⁶.

Therefore, ka value of the acid with pka of 5.2 is 6.3 × 10⁻⁶ .

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Answer:-

The chemical symbol for nitrogen is N2 the chemical formula for nitrogen gas is N2

Explanation:-

The chemical formula for nitrogen gas is N2. Nitrogen gas is one of the diatomic elements, in which one molecule consists of two atoms of the same element bonded by one or more covalent bonds.

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Answer: The molecular formula of nitrogen is N2.

Explanation: The atomic number of nitrogen is 7 as it is the 7th element of the periodic table and its molecular weight is 28.
nitrogen (N), a nonmetallic element of Group 15 [Va] of the periodic table. It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that is the most plentiful element in Earth's atmosphere and is a constituent of all living matter.

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The junction between two neurons is called a synapse. Due to this junction two neurons can communicate to each other .

All of the bodily processes are managed by the brain. From the brain through the back, the spinal cord descends. Every organ and bodily part can be reached by its thread-like nerves. The brain sends and receives information from various parts of the body through this network of nerves.

The point of contact between the terminal branches of one neuron's axon and the dendrite of another neuron is known as a synapse. Through this junction, two neurons can connect. Neurotransmitters are made as a result of this communication .  

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The Cremation of Sam McGee - The refrain is introduced at the beginning of the poem and is repeated after each stanza.

The Cremation of Sam McGee:

"The Cremation of Sam McGee" is one of Robert W. Service's (1874–1958) most well-known poems. In 1907, it was included in Songs of a Sourdough. (A "sourdough" is a Yukon inhabitant in this context.) It is based on the true account of the person who cremates a prospector who freezes to death in the Yukon region of Canada near Lake Laberge.

Canada Post issued "Robert W. Service, Sam McGee" as an 8-cent stamp on August 17, 1976. The stamp's designer is David Charles Bierk. Weeping Tile, a Canadian band led by Sarah Harmer, released their 1995 album Eepee, which featured the song "Westray," whose lyrics were primarily taken from The Cremation of Sam McGee but somewhat altered to draw reference to the Westray mining accident.

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The approximate molar mass of the fluorocarbon is 138 g mol⁻¹.

Fluorocarbons are fluorinated carbon chain polymers that might be utilized in an assortment of family and commercial merchandise as waterproofing agents, lubricants, sealants, and leather conditioners.

Fluorocarbon is more abrasion resistant than widespread nylon monofilament of identical diameters. Plus, at the same time as the solar's harsh ultraviolet rays weaken nylon over the years, fluorocarbon shrugs off UV and not using ill-consequences. waterproof unlike mono and a few superlines, fluoro does not take in water.

The molar mass of a chemical compound is defined as the mass of a pattern of that compound divided via the quantity of a substance that's the variety of moles in that sample, measured in moles. The molar mass is a bulk, not molecular, an asset of a substance.

calculation:-

M = d[tex]\frac{RT}{P}[/tex];   d = m/v

   = ([tex]\frac{45.60 g}{7.40}[/tex]) ([tex]\frac{0.082 * 273}{1}[/tex]

    = 138 g mol⁻¹

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"Something done or occurring as a result of a sudden impulse or inclination and without premeditation or external provocation" is "spontaneous." Electro-chemical batteries contain chemical reactions that happen naturally spontaneously, or without the use of an external force.

Electro-chemical batteries contain chemical reactions that happen naturally spontaneously, or without the use of an external force. However, the opposite is not a spontaneous process since electrical energy (external stimuli) is required to induce chemical reactions inside the electrochemical cell, primarily to charge it. As a result, the latter transition is not spontaneous.

Potential is generated by spontaneous redox reactions, which can be used as a source of electrical energy, but it is not the purpose for the electrolytic cell. An electrolytic cell is a device that uses electricity to carry out chemical changes (lytic meaning breaking).

The study of chemical reactions involving the motion of electrons is known as electrochemistry. Redox processes are what drive electron motion. Galvanic and electrolytic cells make up its two different cell types.

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