A curve that shows the quantity of a good or service supplied at various prices after all long-run adjustments to a price change have been completed is a long-run industry supply curve.
Which curve is known as the marginal cost curve as well?
The change in total cost divided by the change in energy output is the definition of the marginal cost (MC) curve.The firm's supply curve and the MC curve are identical in markets with perfect competition.
How does the long-term supply curve work?
Information regarding an industry's size as well as the nature of costs in that industry can be obtained from the long-run supply (LS) curve. Depending on how long-term costs behave when new businesses enter an industry in response to increased demand, costs in industries can be either constant, increasing, or decreasing.
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if the public correctly perceives that the central bank will reduce inflation, then the short-run phillips curve shifts a. left, and unemployment will rise by less than otherwise. b. right, and unemployment will rise by more than otherwise. c. right, and unemployment will rise by less than otherwise.
Then the short-run Phillips curve shifts left, and the sacrifice ratio will be lower if the public correctly perceives that the central bank will reduce inflation.
So, the correct option is A.
The long-run Phillips curve will move to the left if frictional unemployment declines as a result of improved job-matching capabilities (because the natural rate of unemployment decreases). A demand curve's whole slope can be shifted right or left by changes in variables like average income and preferences. As a result, a greater or lower amount may be required for a particular price.
Some businesses quitting an industry might be the source of a leftward change in a product supply curve. According to the law of supply, producers will offer more of a product at high prices than they will at low ones.
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harvey hotels has provided a defined benefit pension plan for its employees for several years. at the end of the most recent year, the following information was available with regard to the plan: service cost: $7.7 million, expected return on plan assets: $2.7 million, actual return on plan assets: $2.5 million, interest cost: $2.9 million, payments to retired employees: $3.5 million, and amortization of prior service cost (created when the pension plan was amended causing a drop in the projected benefit obligation): $2.6 million. what amount should harvey hotels report as pension expense in its income statement for the year?
The amount should Harvey hotels report as pension expense in its income statement for the year is $9.7 million .
What is pension expense?The amount that a company deducts as an expense for pension obligations owed to employees is known as pension expense. Whether the underlying pension is a defined benefit plan or a defined contribution plan determines how much this expense will cost. The size of this payment in the future is determined by a number of factors, including projected employee life expectancies, the length of time that current employees will remain employed by the company, and the pay at which employees were employed immediately before retiring. Essentially, the accounting for defined benefit plans involves estimating the future payments that will be made and recording related expenses during the times that employees are performing the services that qualify them for future payments.
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alfonso began the year with a tax basis in his partnership interest of $15,000. his share of partnership liabilities at the beginning and end of the year consists of $7,000 of recourse liabilities and $10,000 of nonrecourse liabilities. during the year, he was allocated $32,000 of partnership ordinary business loss. alfonso does not materially participate in this partnership, and he has $3,000 of passive income from other sources.
Alfonso basis before the loss allocation $15,000 , $17000 of his 32000 loss allocation is limited by his tax basis and will carryover to the following year .
What exactly does "interest rate" mean?
An interest rate informs you of how much borrowing will cost you and how much saving will pay off. Therefore, the interest rate is the amount you pay for borrowing money and is expressed as a percentage of the total loan amount if you are a borrower.alfonso began the year with a tax basis in his partnership interest of $15,000.
because alfonso basis before the loss allocation $15,000 , $17000 of his 32000 loss allocation is limited by his tax basis and will carryover to the following year .
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Compare the alternative methods of setting prices for regulated, natural monopolies and make an argument as to which is the best alternative.
The dilemma is the trade-off between maintaining the economically efficient amount of production and allowing firms to earn normal profits so that they will stay in the industry. Average cost pricing is often a compromise - better than a monopoly's price, but not as efficient as marginal cost pricing.
monopoly price about through monopoly. A monopoly happens when a corporation lacks any viable competition and is the only manufacturer of the enterprise's product. Because a monopoly faces no competition, it has absolute marketplace power and may set a rate above the value. Since marginal value is the increment in general value required to provide an extra unit of the product, the corporation could make a nice financial income if it produces an extra amount of the product and sells it at a decreased rate.
The monopoly guarantees a monopoly rate exists while it establishes the amount of the product. As the only provider of the product inside the marketplace, its income set up the complete enterprise's delivery inside the marketplace, and the monopoly's manufacturing and income selections can set up an unmarried rate for the enterprise with none having an effect on competing firms. The monopoly usually considers the demand for its product because it considers what rate is appropriate, such that it chooses a manufacturing delivery and rate aggregate that guarantees a maximum financial income
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Sport management and marketing agencies perform functions for industry stakeholder groups defined as?.
Sport management and marketing agencies perform functions for industry stakeholder groups defined as corporate brands.
What are Corporate Brands?Corporate branding is the process of presenting a company's image or identity to customers. Typically, a company's brand reflects its values, brand voice, and messaging. Building corporate brands is a common strategy used by marketing experts to show how they want the company to be seen.
Every successful business has a logo, a tagline, or other visual representation of its goods or services. These could take the shape of vows, customs, or identities.
For instance:
When we see the Apple logo, what do we think? Most likely, we can remember all of the brand's characteristics, including premium pricing, pricey phones, fast computers, innovation, consistency, Steve Jobs, etc.
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the level of integration and coordination of subunits is lowest for firms following a(n) blank strategy and highest for firms following a transnational strategy. multiple choice question. localization international global standardization
The level of integration and coordination of subunits is lowest for firms following a localization strategy and highest for firms following a transnational strategy.
What is localization strategy?A company's localization strategy is a distinctive market technique it uses to handle the varying cultural norms, consumer behaviors, and purchasing patterns in each country it operates.For businesses using a localization approach, there is the least integration and coordination across subunits, and for businesses using a transnational strategy, there is the most.This is a prime example of a localization and globalization plan that works. By enabling customers from all over the world to read subtitles in the language of their choice or select a dubbed version of the show or movie, Netflix is able to draw in such a sizable international audience.Therefore, the level of integration and coordination of subunits is lowest for firms following a localization strategy and highest for firms following a transnational strategy.
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Correct question:
The level of integration and coordination of subunits is lowest for firms following a(n) blank strategy and highest for firms following a transnational strategy.
multiple choice questions.
a. localization
b. international
c. global
d. standardization
marketers and senior managers like to see graphical depictions of where their brands are, and where their competitors are in the minds of their customers. what are these called? histograms perceptual maps genograms opinion charts
Marketers like to see graphical depictions of where their brands are. These are known as perceptual maps. The correct answer would be option B.
Market mapping or perception mapping is a graphical representation technique used by property marketers to represent visually how customers or prospective customers perceive products or services. Customer views, not business perceptions, determine how a brand is positioned.
Perceptual maps can be used to pinpoint market insufficiencies, potential business partners or targets for mergers, as well as to explain any perceptual issues with a company's offering. Therefore, a company may conduct market research to determine the status of its brand in the marketplace. This will enable them to learn how consumers perceive their brand in comparison to competing products on the market.
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some nations that seek to produce all of their own needs face the problem that:
Some nations that seek to produce all of their own needs face the problem that some industries are too small to be efficient if restricted to their domestic markets alone. Customers of a single company who reside in the nation in which the business is located are also referred to by domestic markets.
Why are domestic markets important?A domestic market is the supply and demand of goods, services, and securities within a single nation. It is also known as an internal market or domestic trade. Although the company may have many market sectors, in domestic trade a firm fundamentally only has to deal with one group of consumers and one set of competitive, economic, and market challenges. When competing in a domestic market, there are some restrictions, many of which drive businesses to expand abroad.
Limited market size and slow local market growth are the key drivers of international business expansion. The primary location for issuance activities is domestic markets. More businesses now have access to equity and corporate bond funding as local markets have grown. The advantage of domestic capital markets over overseas markets is that they draw more and smaller companies.
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For financial reporting purposes, an advance payment for services is not recorded as a revenue, but rather recorded as a(n).
An advance payment for services is NOT recorded as revenue but rather as a liability for financial reporting reasons.
What is Liquidity?According to their liquidity, or how quickly they may be converted into cash, assets are sometimes grouped. Cash is the most movable asset on your balance sheet since it may be utilized right away to settle a debt. A factory, on the other hand, is an illiquid asset because it will likely take some time to sell it and turn it into cash.Current assets are those that are most liquid. These assets, which include cash, marketable securities, inventory, and accounts receivable, can all be turned into cash in less than a year. These resources bring in money for your business.The category of fixed assets includes all non-liquid assets. These include buildings, automobiles, and equipment. Your company owns fixed assets, which help to generate income but are not used to generate income or retained for cash conversion purposes. Fixed assets are tangible goods that often need a sizable capital investment and last for a considerable amount of time.To Learn more About liability refer to:
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what are the future value and the interest earned if $4000 is invested for 4 years at 8% compounded quarterly? (round your answers to the nearest cent.) future value $ interest earned $
As a result, the value of the future is $4,457.84
This formula can only be used for a single lump sum investment. The same number, specifically the number of annual compounding periods, is used to divide your interest rate and multiply your total annual compounding periods. Some examples of annual compounding periods are: Once every year, twice every half-year, twelve every month, and four every quarter.
The difference between what we invested and what we earned is the interest we earn.
As a result, the amount of interest earned is $1,457.84.
The initial investment is represented by the "present value" in compound interest. The "future worth" addresses the last sum (starting venture + all out interest).
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the jacksons have lived in their home for the last 25 years, and have $50,000 in soh protections. they will be moving soon to a newer home, which is more expensive. how much of their accumulated soh protections may they transfer to their new home?
$50,000 - The Jacksons may transfer the entire $50,000 for SOH protections here to newer property as long as it is more expensive.
Define the term SOH protections?In 1992 Florida voters approved Constitutional Amendment 10, meant to shield homeowners from runaway increases in their property taxes as a result of the booming real estate prices. This is also known as Save Our Homes.
Following the first year a residence earns a homestead exemption and thus the property appraiser values it at fair market value, the assessment for each subsequent year cannot rise by more than 3% or the percentage change mostly in Consumer Price Index (CPI), whichever one is smaller.The "Save Our Homes" (SOH) assessment limitation refers to this. The SOH benefit is the total difference between it assessed value and the fair (market) value.The Jacksons have $50,000 for soh protections and have resided in their house for the past 25 years. They are soon to relocate to a more expensive, newer home.
Thus, the Jacksons are free to move the entire $50,000 to SOH protections to a newer, more pricey property.
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manufacturers like ________ because it allows them to offer price cuts to consumers directly, rolling them out and shutting them off quickly.
manufacturers like rebates because it allows them to offer price cuts to consumers directly, rolling them out and shutting them off quickly.
Price lining is the practice of simultaneously releasing multiple iterations of the same good or service at various price points. It suggests that a product has both standard, affordable options and premium options with added features and advantages. A straightforward rebate example is a volume incentive, where a customer could get a discount for purchasing a specific amount of a product over the course of the deal. For instance, a 5% rebate might be stipulated in an annual rebate agreement as long as over 1,000 units of a $100 product are purchased.
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what summarizes sources and uses of cash, indicates whether enough cash is available to carry on routine operations, and offers an analysis of all business transactions, reporting where the firm obtained its cash and how it chose to allocate the cash?
A company's working capital, or the amount of money available for operations and transactions, is determined by a cash flow analysis.
How is the process of promoting the sale of goods or services carried out?
The presentation and promotion of goods that can be purchased for both wholesale and retail sales is known as merchandising. This includes pricing competition, including discounts, display design, and marketing strategies.
What entails conducting an internal operation analysis for decision-making purposes?
The process of gathering, analyzing, refining, and recording information about business costs and operations for internal managerial use is known as management accounting.
Revenue. refers to the revenue generated by providing a service or delivering or manufacturing a product. sales. The capability of selling a decent or administration that spotlights on expanding client deals, which increments organization incomes. shareholder.
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quaker, maker of oatmeal-based breakfast cereals, recently introduced a completely new family of oat-based beverages to compete with nondairy milk products. what is this strategy called?
This strategy is called as Brand Extension.
Explanation:
When a business applies one of its well-known brand names to a new product or new product category, this is known as brand extension. Sometimes people refer to it as "brand stretching." The goal of a brand extension is to assist a company launch its newest product by leveraging its existing brand equity. The business depends on its existing clientele's brand loyalty, which it hopes will make them more receptive to new products from the same brand. If it is successful, a brand extension can assist a business in reaching new demographics, growing its clientele, boosting sales, and increasing overall profit margins.
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A teacher recently retired at age 63 and has a tax sheltered annuity (TSA). Periodic deposits total $120,000 and the value of the contract is now worth $200,000. How much is taxed if the current value is surrendered today?
a. $200,000
b. $80,000
c. $120,000
d. $0
A. $200,000 is taxed if the current value is surrendered today.
Current value, an accounting method wherein property are priced consistent with their substitute fee in preference to their unique fees. present day yield, an estimate of the annual profits of an funding this is based on dividing the whole profits by way of the current charge.
The honest price of the stock is a subjective time period calculated using cutting-edge economic statements, marketplace function, and viable growth fee from a fixed of metrics. In assessment, the market cost is the current proportion fee at which the stock or asset is traded. honest value is the maximum used time period for valuing an asset.
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kellen works for a sportswear supplier and for the past month she has been focusing on nike products when talking to customers because nike is running a sales contest and she can earn an additional $2,000 if she meets her goal. this is an example of .
Kellen works for a sportswear supplier and for the past month she has been focusing on nike products when talking to customers because nike is running a sales contest and she can earn an additional $2,000 if she meets her goal. this is an example of Trade promotion .
What do you mean by trade promotion?
It's a marketing tactic used to spur more consumer demand for goods at brick and mortar establishments. In a trade promotion, wholesalers and/or retailers are given special price breaks (typically in addition to a trade allowance), free or discounted display stands or racks, presents, or other rewards.What does supply chain trade promotion entail?
Trade promotion is the marketing effort between retailers and manufacturers to boost demand. These initiatives could involve sales, promotions, coupons, or any other number of marketing techniques.Learn more about trade promotion
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restoration inc. enters into a contract to refurbish an old bus depot for quality diners llc. if restoration completes most of the work promised in the contract, its performance will be
Quality Diners LLC hires Restoration Inc. to renovate an outdated bus depot. Restoration will have substantially performed if it completes the majority of the work specified in the contract.
What is renovating?Remodeling is the process of renovating a harmed, outdated, or dilapidated building. Renovations of homes or businesses are common.
Additionally, in social contexts, the word "renovation" can refer to both the creation of something new and the revitalization of something. For instance, a community may be renovated if it is strengthened and revitalized.
Typically, there are multiple phases that make up the refurbishment process.
PlanningEngineeringRepair of structuresRebuildingFinishesThe renovation process has been significantly impacted by technology, elevating the importance and power of the planning stage. The capacity to visualize changes more effectively and for a lot less money than engaging an interior designer is made possible by the accessibility of free online design tools.'
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Located on a college campus, howie's hot dog hut charges $3. 99 for its deluxe dog basket. However, students receive a 10 percent discount off the price for showing their student id. This is an example of.
Price discrimination is demonstrated by the discount given to students who purchase the hot dog.
How Does Price Discrimination Occur?Price discrimination is a marketing tactic where sellers charge clients various prices for the same good or service depending on what they believe will win the customer over. A merchant that practices pure price discrimination will impose the highest price possible on each customer. The more typical types of price discrimination involve the vendor classifying clients into groups according to particular characteristics and charging each group a different price.
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question content areathe major objective(s) of allocations are a.to compute product-line profitability. b.to motivate managers. c.to value inventory. d.all of these choices are correct.
Question content are a the major objective(s) of allocations are all of these choices are correct.
What does the term "main objective" mean?something you want to do or accomplish: Her current main goal is to just maintain her position of power.
What are goals and an example?A goal is something you intend to accomplish. A mission's overall strategy is known as a military objective. To raise money is the goal of a bake sale. You have achieved your goal if it was to learn a new term. The purpose of something is its objective.
What does the term "allocation" mean?allocations. counting noun An allocation is a quantity of something, most often money, that is handed to a certain individual or used for a specific objective.
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in 2013, decided to kill its 20 percent time policy, which allowed its staff to work on side projects of their choice, one day per week. the decision to end the 20 percent time policy was most likely made in order to .
The decision to end the 20 percent time policy was most likely made in order to permit reallocation of resources to enhance strategy execution capabilities.
The process of allocating and managing resources in a way that advances a company's strategic planning objectives.
In order to maximize the use of softer assets like human capital, resource allocation also involves managing tangible assets like hardware. To maximize the use of scarce resources and obtain the best return on investment, resource allocation entails balancing competing needs and priorities and choosing the best course of action.
Organizations must first decide on their desired outcome, such as higher revenue, increased productivity, or improved brand recognition, before they can begin resource allocation. They must then determine what resources will be required to accomplish that goal.
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Charging someone higher interest on a loan because they missed a payment in the past is.
The correct statement is that the charging of higher interest to a person missing a payment is known as risk-based lending and is not a secured form of a loan.
hazard-based lending happens whilst creditors provide clients distinctive hobby costs or other mortgage terms, primarily based on the expected chance that the consumers will fail to pay returned their loans. usually, banks and credit score unions decide loan hobby fees for the use of greater than just your credit score.
danger-primarily based lending is a method with the aid of which a credit score union may be able to extra effectively meet the credit score wishes of all its participants. It entails putting a tiered pricing structure that assigns loan quotes primarily based on a person's credit score chance. The hazard-primarily based Pricing Rule calls for you to inform purchasers if they're getting worse phrases due to data from their credit file.
risk-based lending is complex and calls for nicely-honed credit-granting skills. it can be an excessive-risk hobby that requires extra due diligence to correctly identify, degree, reveal and manipulate risk. chance-primarily based lenders can also find out that they underestimated the default risks and related collection expenses. credit score unions have to bear in mind the extra dangers inherent in risk-based totally lending and determine if those risks are desirable and controllable given the credit union’s personnel, financial situation, size, and stage of capital aid.
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Luc, a vehicle dealer, offers to sell mel a truck and trailer, which luc claims can haul a certain weight. He knows nothing about the capability of the truck, but it is not as he asserts. Mel buys the truck. On learning the truth, mel confronts luc, who says he was not trying to fool mel—he was only trying to make a sale. This is.
On learning the truth, Mel confronts Luc, who says he was not trying to fool me—he was only trying to make a sale. This is Fraudulent Misrepresentation.
Fraudulent misrepresentation is a civil tort bobbing up out of agreement regulation. it's miles a false announcement of the fact that causes or induces a person to go right into an agreement. A defendant commits fraudulent misrepresentation whilst he or she lies or misrepresents a crucial truth approximately which will cause or induce the opposite celebration to go into right into an agreement. The misrepresentation may be inside the shape of whatever is designed to deceive the opposite birthday party consisting of innuendos, half of-truths, or silence whilst there exists a responsibility to talk.
Fraudulent misrepresentation is a distinct prison declaration from defamation. Fraudulent misrepresentation is an agreement claim arising out of fraud that happens in breach of agreement instances, whilst defamation is a false assertion of fact made about someone.
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alisa pursues the option to reallocate the bonus money which is currently only allocated to upper management. this will give employees a salary increase while decreasing the bonus for upper management. which conflict handling style does this exhibit?
Alisa pursues the option to reallocate the bonus money which is currently only allocated to upper management. Problem solving conflict handling style does this exhibit.
Problem solving conflict style:In problem- solving mode, the individualities or groups in conflict are asked to concentrate on the problem, not on each other, and to uncover the root cause of the problem. This approach recognizes the oddity of one side being fully right and the other being fully wrong.
What's the meaning of conflict style?Conflict is frequently best understood by examining the consequences of colorful actions at moments in time. These actions are usefully distributed according to conflict styles. Each style is a way to meet one's requirements in a disagreement but may impact other people in different ways.
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the value of the marginal product of labor is the ____________.
The value of the marginal product of labor is the additional output produced by hiring one more unit of labor.
VMP helps to save you from labor exploitation in industries. The price of a Marginal Product is a calculation derived by multiplying the marginal bodily product by means of the common sales or the rate of the product. greater without a doubt, the system for calculating VMP is: physical Product x income rate of the Product.
The fee of the marginal product equals the salary, it also produces as much as the point at which the price equals the marginal fee.
A profit-maximizing firm chooses the number of exertions so that the price of the marginal product equals the wage.
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debt usage will have an effect on: multiple choice financial risk. asset risk. business risk. operational risk.
Debt usage will affect financial risk.
Financial risk is the type of risk where losses can be incurred by investing in a business or an investment. Parties taking the financial risk can face loss of capital.
Financial risk is the management of the debts and completion of financial obligations. These types of risks can occur in various ways such as business instability, interest rates, currencies, financial market, or movements.
There are various types of financial risks such as operational risk, market risk, investment risk, liquidity risk, or credit risk. Financial risk could occur in any form such as delay in delivery of the goods or increasing amount of debt on the business.
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QUESTION 2/10
Which of the following is a variable expense for many adults?
A. Their monthly rent payment.
C. Their monthly cost of eating out at restaurants.
B. The monthly payment on their car loan.
D. Their monthly payment for health insurance.
when a company pays to put products into tv shows and movies where they will be seen by consumers, they are using a strategy called product
when a company pays to put products into tv shows and movies where they will be seen by consumers, they are using a strategy called product placement.
In a production aimed for a broad audience, branded goods and services are featured as a kind of product placement advertising. Product placements, sometimes known as "embedded marketing" or "embedded advertising," are frequently seen in motion pictures, television programmes, home videos, radio, and—less frequently—live performances. Companies may provide a production firm or studio money, commodities, or services in return for the licence to use their products.
Product placements are used, addressed, or discussed throughout the broadcast in a way that will make viewers feel good about the promoted brand. They do not include graphic content. Instead than being explicitly advertised to, product placement allows the audience to form a better relationship with the brand in a more organic way. It's very likely that an advertiser paid for a brand to feature in a film, TV programme, or other performance. Some individuals think that this kind of advertising is fundamentally dishonest and misleading to young people who are susceptible to persuasion.
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which of the following is not a type of business process in the balanced scorecard framework? multiple choice operations management customer management innovation regulatory and social all of the choices are types of business processes.
In the balanced scorecard framework, all of the choices are types of business processes: operations management, customer management, innovation, regulatory, and social.
A framework is a structure on which you can build software. It acts as a foundation, so you're not beginning from scratch. Frameworks are often associated with a specific programming language and are suitable to various types of jobs. Assume you're building a house. You might pour the foundation and frame the house yourself. It would take a long time, but you could do it. But if all of that was already done for you, it would save you a lot of time and effort – especially if it was done by professional home builders.
A framework performs a similar purpose in software development. It's been designed and tested by other Software Developers and Engineers, so you know it's a solid foundation.
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Anastasia was trying to decide which investment plan would be best over 10 years. Bank a was offering 8. 5% simple interest on her money using the formula i = p r t. Bank b was offering 8% compounded annually using the formula a = p (1 + r) superscript t. Which bank is a better investment if she has $2,000 to invest for 10 years?.
Bank B is the better investment, where Bank a was offering 8. 5% simple interest on her money using the formula i = p r t. Bank b was offering 8% compounded annually using the formula a = p (1 + r) superscript t.
Investment = P = $2,000
Number of years = n = 10
If the She invest in Bank A
r = 8.5% simple interest
Accumulated value after 10 years = A =P + (P x r x n) = $2,000 + ( $2,000 x 8.5% x 10 ) = $2,000 + $1,700 = $3,700
If the She invest in Bank B
r = 8% Compounded yearly
Accumulated value after 10 years = A = P x (1 + r )^n = $2,000 x ( 1 + 8% )^10 = $2,000 x ( 1 + 0.08 )^10 = $2,000 x ( 1.08 )^10 = $2,000 x 2.1589 = $4,317.8
= $4,318
Hence Bank B is the better investment because it make more money than in Bank A after 10 years.
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while matt likes the structure provided by the rational decision-making process, you caution him that it has some shortcomings. why is the rational decision-making process difficult to apply completely in many situations? check all that apply.
In the given situation, the rational decision-making process is difficult to apply completely in many situations because (A) managers do not always evaluate situations rationally.
What is the rational decision-making process?The antithesis of intuitive decision-making is rational decision-making. It follows a precise process that makes use of logic and objective knowledge. It entails recognizing the issue that has to be resolved, collecting data, locating options and outcomes, analyzing them, taking into account all the connections, and making a decision.A person choosing between two cars would be an illustration of a reasonable customer. Because Car B is less expensive than Car A, the consumer chooses to buy it. Although the rational choice theory is clear-cut and logical, it frequently runs afoul of reality.Therefore, in the given situation, the rational decision-making process is difficult to apply completely in many situations because (A) managers do not always evaluate situations rationally.
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Complete question:
While matt likes the structure provided by the rational decision-making process, you caution him that it has some shortcomings. why is the rational decision-making process difficult to apply completely in many situations? check all that apply.
a. managers do not always evaluate situations rationally.
b. managers are limited by their values and conscious health.
c. managers usually have the resources to consider numerous alternatives
d. managers cannot always obtain accurate information