Threshold potential describes the minimum level to which a membrane must be depolarised in order for an action potential to be fired.
The minimal magnitude required to start an action potential is known as the threshold potential. The voltage-gated sodium (Na+) ion channel opens in response to membrane an action potential, resulting in a rapid depolarization. The crucial level at which a membrane potential must depolarize membrane in order to start an action potential is known as the threshold potential. In neuroscience, threshold potentials are essential for controlling and propagating membrane signals in the peripheral and central nervous systems.
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The colorful wildflowers that pop up in the desert after it rains and quickly produce seeds before they die are an example of.
The colorful wildflowers that pop up in the desert after it rains and quickly produce seeds before they die are an example of Annual Plant.
An annual plant is one that goes through its whole life cycle, from germination to seed production, in a single growing season before dying.
Any plant that completes its life cycle in a single growing season is considered an annual plant . The phrase is typically used to describe blooming plants whose sole portion that persists from one growing season to the next is the dormant seed.
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Is knowing about the physical and chemical changes of food important for a molecular gastronomy chef? explain why or why not, using evidence from the passage.
Answers may differ, but everyone should agree that understanding how food changes physically and chemically is crucial for a molecular gastronomy cook.
What function does molecular gastronomy serve?Because it connects the social, artistic, and technical aspects of food and food preparation, molecular gastronomy is significant. Chefs and scientists can better understand why particular results occur by researching the science underlying various culinary techniques or widely utilized approaches.
What are the objectives of cooking using molecular gastronomy?As with any science, molecular gastronomy's primary goal is to identify novel occurrences and mechanisms. This explains why culinary precisions are so crucial because historically, cooks could see but not interpret events that required further investigation by scientists.
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unlike simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion requires energy expenditure by the cell.
Facilitated diffusion is a passive process, thus the cell doesn't have to expend any energy on it.
Does a cell need energy for assisted diffusion or diffusion that occurs naturally?Simple diffusion does not need energy, whereas assisted diffusion needs an ATP source. B. In contrast to facilitated diffusion, which can move materials both with and against a concentration gradient, simple diffusion can only move material in the direction of a concentration gradient.
What makes aided diffusion different from simple diffusion?Simple diffusion occurs when a substance diffuses between phospholipids; enhanced diffusion occurs when specific membrane channels are present. Facilitated diffusion is typically used to enter and exit cells for charged or polar molecules that cannot fit between the phospholipids.
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light passes through the entire thickness of the neural layer of the retina to excite the photoreceptors.
True, light passes through the entire thickness of the neural layer of the retina to excite the photoreceptors.
The retina is the mild-touchy layer of tissue behind the eyeball. Pictures that come through the eye's lens are centered at the retina. The retina then converts those photos to electric-powered signals and sends them along the optic nerve to the brain.
The retina is a layer of photoreceptors cells and glial cells within the attention that captures incoming photons and transmits them alongside neuronal pathways as both electric and chemical indicators for the mind to understand a visual image.
The retina converts mild that enters into your eye into electric alerts your optic nerve sends to your mind which creates the photos you spot.
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The two groups of bacteria responsible for nitrogen fixation are found in Choose. And in the roots of Choose.
Leguminosae make up the roots of Choose.
What do microorganisms do?A few bacteria aid in food digestion, assist the body absorb vitamins, and eliminate disease-causing cells. Additionally, yogurt and cheese are produced using bacteria. However, you can get sick from contagious microorganisms. In your body, they multiply swiftly.
What is the name of the hazardous bacteria?Bacteria that harms us are considered bad bacteria. As pathogens, we refer to them. The environment may provide us with these. Vibrio cholerae is the bacteria that causes cholera, and it can be caught by consuming food or water that has been tainted with an infected person's feces, as well as by coming into close contact with them.
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What is the electron configuration of the element in group 13 and period 3 of the periodic table?.
What is the purpose of using a logarithmic graph for graphing the movement of DNA? DNA moves in an exponential fashion DNA moves in a linear fashion. Your instructors want to make you do extra work The graph looks pretty
Responding to cases of skewness towards large values, or situations where one or a few points are significantly larger than the majority of the data comes first. The second is to display multiplicative or percent change.
How does DNA sequencing make use of graph theory?In this paper, a mathematical descriptor for similarity analysis based on diverse mutation phenomena is constructed using graph theory. For each DNA sequence, a weighted directed graph will be created because DNA sequences can hold a substantial amount of computational information.
What are the names of DNA graphs?Sequence diagram, Comparative genomics use bidirected graphs known as sequence graphs, often referred to as alignment graphs, breakpoint graphs, or adjacency graphs. The structure is made up of several graphs or genomes, where the edges and vertices correspond to the adjacencies between DNA segments and various segments in a genome, respectively.
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molecular biology binghamton how many cycles does it require to obtain the desired pcr product for the first time?
According to molecular biology the quantity of DNA used as an input and the intended PCR product yield. For a suitable yield, up to 40 cycles may be necessary if the DNA input is less than 10 copies.
The target sequence set by the primers starts to accumulate after three cycles. After 30 cycles, a PCR product single beginning molecule can yield many more as a copies of the desired sequence. The PCR product area in between the two primers has undergone one round of replication, resulting in two copies of the original gene region. The PCR product reaction may be continually cycles performed without the addition of additional enzyme since a heat-resistant polymerase is utilized.
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Broadly speaking, how accurate are predictions of an individual’s various characteristics based on their genome sequence?- Highly accurate, since genotype controls the phenotype- Not accurate at all, because many traits are complex and because there are unknowns about the enviranment any individual has been exposed to- Somewhere in between "highly accurate" and "not accurate at all"
An individual's genotype and the environment they experience may not be sufficient to determine their phenotype.
Pedigree analysis can determine genotypes identify phenotypes, and predict how traits will be inherited in the future. Information from the pedigree allows us to determine how particular alleles are inherited: whether they are dominant recessive autosomal or sex-linked.
Refers to observable characteristics of an individual such as height eye color and blood type. A person's phenotype is determined by both genomic organization and environmental factors. Predict quantitative trait phenotypes as accurately as possible based on information such as genetic variation across the genome.
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The sorting that occurs during blank______ separates homologues from each other.
Answer:
Meiosis 1
explain
sensory receptors are specialized structures that turn the energy of stimuli into electrochemical signals that the brain can understand. this is known as
Numerous stimuli of all kinds and origins are taken in and converted into the action potentials of a nervous system. Sensory transduction is the name of this process.
What essential tenets govern sensory transduction?At the sensory receptors, sensory transduction begins. Each sensory system contains specialized cells that can pick up on environmental cues. Light is detected by photoreceptors, tastes and smells are detected by chemical sensors in the tongue and nose, touch is detected by mechanoreceptors, and sound is detected by hair cells.
What exactly is sensory transduction, and does it occur during vision?In humans and other vertebrates, rod and cone cells in the retina of the eye detect light to produce nerve impulses known as "visual phototransduction," which is a sensory transduction process.
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Although levels of cfcs in the atmosphere are much lower than those of co2 , cfcs are still potent greenhouse gases because they:_____.
Answer:
CFCs remain in the atmosphere for only a brief time. CFCs are more efficient at absorbing thermal radiation.
Explanation:
Check all choices below that result in a transfusion reaction which could kill a person
A. Type B recipient and type A donor
B. Type AB blood recipient and type O donor
C. Type A blood recipient and type A blood donor
D. Type O recipient and type AB donor
E. Type B blood recipient and type O donor blood
Fever, chills, urticaria (hives), and itching are among the most typical warning signs and symptoms.
What happens when a transfusion reaction occurs?Certain symptoms go away with little to no treatment.However, signs of a more serious reaction include respiratory difficulty, a high fever, hypotension (low blood pressure), and red urine (hemoglobinuria).The patient's needs will determine how much and what percentage of blood is transfused.Red blood cells of types B or AB cannot be obtained if you have type A blood.Red blood cells of types A or AB cannot be obtained if you have type B blood.You can receive transfusions of O, A, B, or AB red blood cells if you have type AB blood.The majority of blood transfusions are performed at medical facilities or outpatient clinics.To learn more about a transfusion reaction occurs refer to:
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what will the genotypic ratio be of a monohybrid cross of two individuals who are heterozygous for a trait?
The ratio is 1:2:1 for the monohybrid cross of two individuals who are heterozygous for a trait.
Monohybrid go among natural breeding types obtains all dominant F1 which in flip produces F2 upon selfing and offers the monohybrid phenotypic ratio of 3 (dominant):1 (recessive). The monohybrid genotypic ratio is 1 homozygous tall: 2 heterozygous tall: 1 homozygous dwarf .1:2:1 ratio.
A go of F1 hybrids, heterozygous for a single trait that presentations incomplete dominance is expected to offer a 1:2:1 ratio amongst each the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspringmonohybrid go effects in a phenotypic ratio of 3:1 (dominant to recessive), and a genotypic ratio of 1:2:1 (homozygous dominant to heterozygous to homozygous recessive).
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I want you to create a punnett square using a person who is carrier of the sickle cell trait and a person who has the sickle cell disease.
Once you are done, I want you to tell me what is the percentage of the genotypes and phenotypes
Answer:
30%
Explanation:
Answer:
Explanation:
30-40
2) would you expect dobutamine hydrochloride (below) to have a long duration of action and be orally bioavailable?
Dobutamine hydrochloride, a direct-acting inotropic drug, stimulates the beta-receptors in the heart as its main mechanism of action.
What is dobutamine used for?The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted dobutamine approval for short-term use in individuals with reduced contractility brought on by heart failure or cardiac surgery that results in cardiac decompensation.Hypotension. Blood pressure precipitously dropping has occasionally been reported in connection with dobutamine medication. Usually, the blood pressure returns quickly to normal values after reducing the dosage or stopping the infusion.Dobutamine hydrochloride, a direct-acting inotropic drug, stimulates the beta-receptors in the heart as its main mechanism of action. It also has relatively minor chronotropic, hypertensive, arrhythmogenic, and vasodilatory effects.To learn more about Dobutamine hydrochloride refer,
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in edible pea, tall (t) is dominant to short (t), and green pods (g) are dominant to yellow pods (g). the phenotype of a ttgg plant is:
In edible pea, tall (T) predominates over short (t), and green (G) pods over yellow (P) pods (g). A ttgg plant has a short, yellow phenotype.
What distinguishes a genotype from a phenotype?Genotype explains a person's genetic make-up, whereas phenotype describes their observable features. This is the major distinction between genotype and phenotype.
Which alleles are dominant and recessive?In Mendelian genetics, the terms dominant and recessive alleles are defined. Alleles are genetic variations that affect how a person behaves. Dominant alleles determine the dominant character, whereas recessive alleles determine the recessive character. This is the main distinction between dominant and recessive alleles.
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if a sequence of codons on a dna strand is aac tag ggt what is the corresponding sequence in a strand of mrna
The corresponding sequence in a strand of mrna are:-
Adenine bonds with Thymine
Thymine bonds with Adenine
Cytosine bonds with Guanine
Guanine bonds with Cytosine
Deoxyribonucleic acid is a polymer composed of polynucleotide chains that coil spherical each one-of-a-kind to form a double helix. The polymer includes genetic instructions for the development, functioning, boom and replica of all seemed organisms and lots of viruses.
In all dwelling things, DNA is vital for inheritance, coding for proteins, and offering instructions for life and its tactics. Human cells commonly consist of 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a complete of 46 chromosomes in every cell.
Most DNA is positioned within the cell nucleus. Mitochondria are structures within cells that convert the power from meals right into a shape that cells can use.
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why did the results of the studies conducted at the hawthorne plant surprise elton mayo and his fellow researchers?
The results of the studies conducted at the hawthorne plant surprise elton mayo and his fellow researchers because : They marked the beginning of a concern for human relations in the workplace.
What was the experiment conducted at the hawthorne plant ?Beginning in 1924, the study at the hawthorne plant isolated two groups of employees in order to test the effects of different incentives on their output. Productivity increased as illumination levels were raised, but it also increased when lighting levels were reduced to standard or even below-standard in both groups.
It was initially anticipated that economic considerations would have the biggest impact on productivity. The results were unexpected: productivity rose, but not for economic reasons. Ultimately, researchers came to the conclusion that better worker attentiveness led to better job performance.
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during metamorphosis, echinoderms undergo a transformation from motile larvae to a fairly sedentary (and sometimes sessile) existence as adults. what should be true of adults, though not of larvae? adults should
The adults should have radial symmetry or something close to it.
What is metamorphism ?Through the process of metamorphism, previous rocks are transformed into new forms as a result of rises in temperature, pressure, and chemically active fluids. Igneous, sedimentary, and other metamorphic rocks may all be affected by metamorphism.
Although they began as a different kind of rock, metamorphic rocks have undergone significant alteration from their igneous, sedimentary, or previous metamorphic forms. When rocks are exposed to extreme temperatures, high pressures, hot mineral-rich fluids, or, more frequently, some combination of these conditions, metamorphic rocks are created.
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The brachialis muscle is the prime mover of elbow flexion, while biceps brachii assists. In other words, during elbow flexion brachialis is the ______ and biceps brachii serves as the ________.
Brachialis is the agonist during elbow flexion, and biceps brachii is the synergist.
What is elbow flexion?Elbow flexion occurs when your forearm moves toward your body by bending at the elbow. The inverse movement is elbow extension. The humerus, located in your upper arm, is one of the three bones involved in elbow flexion. ulna, on the forearm's little finger side.Elbow flexion involves the biceps brachii, brachioradialis, and brachialis muscles (bending). Elbow extension is controlled by the triceps (straightening the arm).The brachioradialis, brachialis, and biceps are the three elbow flexors involved in elbow flexion motion.Elbow flexion occurs when your forearm moves toward your body by bending at the elbow. Elbow extension is the inverse movement. The humerus, located in your upper arm, is one of three bones involved in elbow flexion.To learn more about elbow flexion refer to :
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early native americans used which distinctive tool to hunt large-bodied ice age mammals? a. mousterian points b. solutrean blades c. levallois flakes d. folsom points
Early native americans used which distinctive tool to hunt large-bodied ice age mammals folsom points.
Folsom points can be found all over North America and are dated between 9500 and 8000 BCE. When these artefacts were discovered in the early twentieth century, they raised questions about when the first humans arrived in North America. The popular belief of a time depth of about 3,000 years was clearly incorrect.
Clovis, a projectile point style dating back to 11,500 BCE, was discovered in 1932. Clovis points have been discovered in situ alongside mammoth skeletons. Folsom points were gradually replaced by Plano points of various Plano cultures in the Great Plains area.
Earth experienced drastic climate changes at the end of the last ice age, which significantly altered plant and animal biodiversity. These changes occurred in North America at the same time as humans arrived.
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Two___ of the element sodium combine with one___ of the element chlorine to form the ___ sodium chloride
TWO atoms of the element sodium combine with two atom of the element chlorine to form the molecule sodium chloride
How sodium combine together to form sodium chlorideSodium chloride is chemical compound which is formed as a result of a chemical reaction between the element sodium and the element chlorine. The chemical equation for the reaction is given below:
2Na + Cl2 --- 2NaCl
From the equation above, we can see that one atom of sodium, we can see that 2 atoms of the element sodium combine with two atom of the element chlorine to form the molecule sodium chloride.
In conclusion, we can deduce from above that sodium chloride is a compound.
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HELP ASP I will give Brainiest!
A geranium is an example of a
narrow
A broad
B leafed plant.
biological magnification is a natural process when a persistent material is taken-up by primary producers because:
The process of some chemicals building up in living things to a concentration that is higher than what occurs in the inorganic, non-living world is known as "biomagnification" or "biological magnification."
What is meant by biomagnification ?Biomagnification is the accumulation of a chemical by an organism as a result of exposure to both food and water, resulting in a concentration that is higher than what would have been expected from equilibrium and higher than what would have occurred with only water exposure.
The accumulation of a certain material in the bodies of creatures at various trophic levels of a food chain is known as biomagnification. The buildup of the chemical DDT in zooplanktons is one instance of biomagnification in action. These zooplanktons are consumed by little fish.
The process of some chemicals building up in living things to a concentration that is higher than what occurs in the inorganic, non-living world is known as "biomagnification" or "biological magnification."
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2. Explain the reaon for the difference in the ucce of China' and India' family planning campaign:
China's one-child policy has been successful in drastically slowing down population growth, but it has severely altered the country's demography.
Contrarily, India's population growth rate has adjusted spontaneously (aided by non-coercive family planning measures), avoiding these demographic distortions. Growth of a population's or a dispersed group's size is referred to as population. Actual worldwide demography population growth is about 83 million people per year, or 1.1% annually. [2] From 1800 to 2020, there will be 7.9 billion people on the planet. [3] According to projections from the UN, the world's population will reach 8.6 billion people by the middle of the 2030s, 9.8 billion by the middle of the 2050s, and 11.2 billion by the end of the 21st century.
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researchers have found a single drosophila gene that can generate about 19,000 membrane proteins that have different extracellular domains. at least 17,500 (94%) of the alternative mrnas are actually synthesized. how is this accomplished?
This case is clearly accomplished by Alternative splicing.
A molecular process called alternative splicing alters pre-mRNA structures before translation. By combining coding sequences (exons) from recently spliced RNA transcripts in various ways, this mechanism can generate a variety of mRNAs from a single gene.
Different combinations of exons from the same gene are combined in alternative splicing to produce various protein products. These various splice variants frequently express themselves in various tissues. This enables the production of a wider variety of proteins.
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What is the name of the structure in the inner ear which serves to maintain a sense of equilibrium and orientation in space?.
Answer:
the vestibular apparatus
Explanation:
In the human body, stem cells in the bone marrow produce a variety of blood cells. What process produces these cells?
Answer:
hematopoiesis
The production and development of new cells in the bone marrow is a process called hematopoiesis. Blood cells formed in the bone marrow start out as stem cells. A stem cell (or hematopoietic stem cell) is the first phase of all blood cells.
Explanation:
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what is the rate constant for the decay? b) if a fossil is found with only 18% of the ^{14}c maintained by living organisms, what is the age of the fossil? report
The property (quality) of fossils allows scientists to determine the relative ages of rock layers are fossils show change over time as species evolve.
What is the minimum age of a fossil?A living being that lived more than 11 thousand years ago is considered a fossil, that is, before the Holocene, which is the current geological epoch. Ancient remains or evidence, but less than 11,000 years old, such as sambaquis, are classified as subfossils.Chemistry is present in this process, more precisely the element Carbon. The dating of a fossil can be done based on the already known percentage of Carbon-14 (C14) in relation to Carbon-12 (C12) of living matter (without decomposition).The term fossil can be defined as the remains or the retained remnants of ancient species, or signs of their remains. Fossils are not the remnants of living organisms.They are stones. A fossil can save a whole organism or only a portion of one. Fossils can be formed from bones, shells, feathers, or leaves. The greater the age of the fossil located deep within the ground. It informs us about the time period and the uniqueness of the artifacts.The strata are layered one on top of the other, with the bottom layers being older in geological time and the top layers being more recent.To learn more about fossil refer to:
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