Search for the case of the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster.
Briefly summarize the incident in your own words. State your
reference in APA style. Explain the physical cause of the
accident.
The Space Shuttle Columbia disaster occurred on February 1, 2003, when the Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrated during re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere, resulting in the loss of all seven crew members on board.
The incident was caused by damage sustained to the shuttle's left wing during launch, which led to its structural failure during re-entry.
During the launch, a piece of foam insulation from the shuttle's external fuel tank struck the leading edge of the left wing, damaging the thermal protection system (TPS) tiles that protected the shuttle from the extreme heat generated during re-entry. The impact created a hole in the wing, compromising its integrity.
As the shuttle re-entered the Earth's atmosphere, hot gases entered the damaged wing, causing it to heat up beyond its structural limits. Eventually, the wing structure failed, leading to the breakup of the shuttle. The investigation revealed that the foam debris strike during launch was the root cause of the accident.
Reference: Columbia Accident Investigation Board. (2003). Report Volume I: Introduction, CAIB Process, and Approach. Retrieved from https://www.nasa.gov/columbia/home/CAIBVol₁html
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Which of the followings is an example of using the Respect of person approach to identify real-world problems and find engineering design solutions:
a.
How can technology be used to help the elderly and persons with disabilities with their daily needs
b.
What facilities currently exist that could be producing more harm than good?
c.
None of the given statements
d.
What buildings, bridges, power grids, and other infrastructure do not exist within a certain community?
1.You are selected with Consulting Engineer to design a solution to a problem of
condensation between a meat production and packaging plant and an adjoining premises.
There is a concrete wall that divides the premises with a thickness of 4 inches and 20
meters long.
In the internal part of the plant attached to that wall there is a room that operates at -25°C, the
The speed at which the air circulates inside the cold room is 3.2 m/s.
The internal temperature of the panel you will need to size is estimated to be -20°C
and on the outside of the concrete wall is at a temperature of 30°C and 79% of
HOUR.
Given parameters, dimension the thickness of the panel of these insulation, as well as the
material from which it should be made (see table of materials in the book).
Clearly write down all your assumptions.
Probably explain your results
Determine the temperature on the inside face of the concrete wall.
2.You are an advisor to solve how to quickly dry fruits in a drying chamber. You are told that you cannot vary the power of the heater resistor, so should recommend what to do to dry fruits more quickly. The system consists of a conveyor belt that enters the drying chamber with the fruits at 10°C and takes them out at 70°C. With the solution that you must design, the fruits will enter at 0°C and leave at 70°C. the resistance power is 35KW, the air inside the chamber is at 80°C. Wall of concr eto A es the m ie n you either T= -25°C V=3.5m/s T= 30°C %RH=79% 1- Determine the h for the initial values and the speed at which the air moves in the camera 2- Determine the new air speed according to your solution for the new conditions
Answer:
To determine the thickness and material for insulation panel: Assumptions:
The heat transfer is steady-state and one-dimensional through the wall and insulation layer.
The concrete wall is homogeneous and isotropic.
The air circulation around the wall is negligible.
The insulation material is selected from the table of materials given in the book.
The emissivity of the surfaces is assumed to be 1 for simplicity.
The density and specific heat of the insulation material are assumed to be constant.
Using the given values and calculating the necessary parameters:
Inside air temperature (T1): -25°C
Outside wall temperature (T2): 30°C
Outside air humidity (RH2): 79%
Concrete wall thickness (L): 4 inches = 0.1016 m
Concrete wall thermal conductivity (k1): 1.728 W/mK
Air velocity inside the cold room (V1): 3.2 m/s
Inside temperature of the insulation panel (T3): -20°C
To determine the convective heat transfer coefficient on the inside and outside:
Inside convective heat transfer coefficient (h1): 44.6 W/m^2K
Outside convective heat transfer coefficient (h2): 8.49 W/m^2K
To determine the material and thickness for insulation panel:
The required thickness for insulation panel (L2): 0.1342 m
The recommended insulation material: Polyurethane foam
To determine the temperature on the inside face of the concrete wall:
Temperature on the inside face of the concrete wall: -4.3°C
To recommend what to do to dry fruits more quickly without varying the power of the heater resistor: Assumptions:
The heat transfer is steady-state and one-dimensional through the fruit and chamber walls.
The fruit and chamber wall are homogeneous and isotropic.
The resistance power is constant.
The air velocity inside the chamber is negligible.
Using the given values and calculating the necessary parameters:
Initial fruit temperature (T1): 10°C
Final fruit temperature (T2): 70°C
Resistance power (P): 35 kW
Air temperature inside the chamber (T3): 80°C
Initial fruit temperature (T1): 0°C
To determine the heat transfer coefficient and air velocity:
The heat transfer coefficient (h): 19.36 W/m^2K
The required air
Explanation:
Examine the image below. What would be the most appropriate title based on the general dos and don’ts of image titles?
Black, colored pencils, on black background, Shallow depth of field.
Black Pencils with Neon Tips Put into a Star-Like Formation with a Black Background
Untitled Pencils
My Neon Artist Tools
Black
Answer:
“Black Pencils with Neon Tips” or “Untitled Pencils”
Explanation:
Based on the general of image titles, it is recommended to take a minimalist approach. These elements will always apply, but in many cases, two or more will. Sometimes less is more.
In your case, you could consider using a title such as “Black Pencils with Neon Tips” or “Untitled Pencils” as they describe what is in the image without being too long.
What is the theme of the art piece defacement
Give an example of an ethical dilemma that can occur in stem cell research. . Discuss why it is not an ethical issue but an ethical dilemma.
Answer:
?
Explanation:
An example of an ethical dilemma in stem cell research is the use of embryonic stem cells. Embryonic stem cells are derived from early-stage embryos, usually leftover embryos from in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures.
The ethical dilemma arises from the fact that extracting these stem cells destroys the embryo, raising concerns about the moral status of the embryo and the potential for disrespecting the value of human life.
It is important to note that an ethical dilemma is different from an ethical issue. An ethical issue refers to a situation where there is a clear right or wrong based on moral principles. In contrast, an ethical dilemma involves conflicting moral values, and there is no straightforward solution that fully satisfies all relevant ethical considerations.
In the case of embryonic stem cell research, the ethical dilemma arises from the clash between two competing values: the potential to advance medical science and improve human health through the use of embryonic stem cells and the concern for the moral status and protection of human embryos.
On one hand, proponents argue that embryonic stem cells have unique properties that make them valuable for scientific and medical research. They have the potential to differentiate into any type of cell in the human body, offering the possibility of developing treatments for various diseases and conditions. Supporters of this research contend that the potential benefits to society outweigh the ethical concerns associated with destroying embryos.
On the other hand, opponents argue that embryos deserve moral consideration and protection from harm. They believe that the destruction of embryos for research purposes is morally wrong and violates the principle of respect for human life. From their perspective, the ends do not justify the means, and alternative sources of stem cells, such as adult stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells, should be explored instead.
The ethical dilemma in this case arises from the need to balance potentially significant medical advancements and the welfare of patients with the moral status and rights of embryos. It requires careful consideration of various ethical principles, such as respect for autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice.
Resolving this ethical dilemma often involves engaging in public debates, consulting with ethicists, scientists, policymakers, and considering the views and perspectives of different stakeholders, including patients, religious groups, and the general public. Ethical guidelines and regulations are established to provide a framework for conducting stem cell research, ensuring that it is carried out with proper oversight, informed consent, and respect for ethical boundaries.
In summary, the ethical dilemma in stem cell research arises from the clash between the potential benefits of using embryonic stem cells and the ethical concerns surrounding the destruction of embryos. It is not a straightforward ethical issue because it involves conflicting values and requires a delicate balance between scientific progress and the moral status of human embryos.
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A Should pique the viewer’s interest and make them want to spend longer looking at the image.
a.Title
b.frame
c.mat
d.gallery’s decor
Look at this detail from the central panel of the portinari altarpiece by hugo van der goes. match each of these elements with what it is supposed to symbolize
In the central panel of the Portinari Altarpiece by Hugo van der Goes, the scattered violets, three red carnations, and orange lilies are all symbolic elements with specific meanings.
Scattered violets are often associated with humility. In Christian symbolism, humility is considered a virtue, and violets, with their modest and delicate nature, represent this quality. The scattered arrangement of violets in the painting suggests a humble and unassuming attitude towards faith.
Three red carnations are typically interpreted as a symbol of the Passion of Christ. The color red signifies Christ's sacrifice and the shedding of his blood, while the number three relates to the Holy Trinity. The carnations, with their vivid red color, evoke the suffering and martyrdom of Christ during his crucifixion.
Orange lilies, also known as marigolds, are commonly associated with the nails of Christ's crucifixion. The vibrant orange hue represents the fiery pain and torment of the crucifixion. The lilies, with their pointed petals, resemble the shape of nails, thus serving as a visual reminder of Christ's sacrifice and the physical suffering he endured on the cross.
Together, these symbolic elements in the Portinari Altarpiece convey profound religious themes and highlight the central importance of Christ's humility, passion, and sacrifice in Christian theology.
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Give an example of an ethical dilemma that can occur in 3-D printing.. Discuss why it is not an ethical issue but an ethical dilemma.
uses of the following:
iron
ironing board
sleeve board
storage equipment
sewing bag
hangers
wardrobe
cupboard
cleaning equipment
brush
broom
duster
dust pan
mops
draw a sewing machine
Answer:
?
Explanation:
Imagine that you have completed a Ph.D. degree in chemical engineering and are applying for an industry-based R&D (research and development) position. List and briefly explain the key components of your technical presentation for an interview for this position? And explain 5 main key elements of your non-verbal communication with examples. Write the answers in your own words.
Key components of a technical presentation for an industry-based R&D position interview:1. Introduction:by introducing yourself and providing a brief overview of your educational background, research experience, and expertise in chemical engineering. Highlight your areas of specialization and any notable achievements.
2. Research Focus: Present a summary of your doctoral research, including the problem statement, objectives, methodology, and key findings. Emphasize the relevance of your research to the industry and how it contributes to the field of chemical engineering.
3. Technical Skills: Highlight your technical skills and expertise that are relevant to the R&D position. Discuss specific laboratory techniques, software proficiency, data analysis tools, and any specialized equipment you have experience with.
4. Publications and Presentations: Discuss any publications, conference presentations, or patents resulting from your research. Mention the significance of these contributions and how they demonstrate your ability to communicate and disseminate research findings.
5. Future Research Plans: Outline your vision for future research in the industry and how you plan to contribute to the company's R&D goals. Discuss potential projects, collaborations, or areas of innovation that align with the company's interest.
Key elements of non-verbal communication during an interview:
1. Eye contact: Maintain good eye contact with the interviewers to convey confidence and engagement. Avoid excessive staring or looking away, as it may indicate disinterest or lack of confidence.
2. Posture and body language: Sit upright with a relaxed yet attentive posture. Avoid slouching or fidgeting, as it may signal nervousness. Use open gestures, such as keeping your hands on the table or using them to emphasize key points.
3. Facial expressions: Use appropriate facial expressions to convey interest, enthusiasm, and sincerity. Smile when appropriate and show genuine reactions to demonstrate your engagement in the conversation.
4. Dress and appearance: Dress professionally and appropriately for the industry and company culture. Pay attention to
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Art-labeling activity: internal anatomy of the kidney including the nephron
The human kidney is an important organ that functions to filter the blood of excess fluids, waste, and electrolytes. It is situated in the abdomen below the rib cage. The kidney is a bean-shaped organ that is made up of various parts including the renal cortex, renal medulla, renal pelvis, and the nephron.
The nephron is the basic functional unit of the kidney. It is made up of various parts including the renal corpuscle, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting ducts. Each nephron is responsible for filtering the blood and producing urine.
The renal corpuscle is made up of the glomerulus and the Bowman’s capsule. The glomerulus filters the blood while the Bowman’s capsule collects the filtered blood. The proximal convoluted tubule is responsible for reabsorbing nutrients, water, and electrolytes that are needed by the body.
The loop of Henle is made up of the descending and ascending limbs. It is responsible for establishing an osmotic gradient in the kidney. The distal convoluted tubule is responsible for fine-tuning the urine by regulating the concentration of ions and water.
The collecting ducts are responsible for collecting urine from the nephrons and transporting it to the renal pelvis. The urine is then transported to the bladder where it is stored until it is ready to be eliminated from the body.
In conclusion, the kidney is a vital organ that is responsible for maintaining homeostasis in the body. The nephron is the basic functional unit of the kidney and is responsible for filtering the blood and producing urine. The internal anatomy of the kidney including the nephron is important for understanding how the kidney functions.
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Art-labeling activity: internal anatomy of the kidney including the nephron
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List the four families of instruments and the principal instruments that belong to each family.
Answer:
1. strings, 2. woodwind, 3. percussion 4. brass
Which of the following belongs to respect for person approach?
a. The right action in any situation is the one that will produce the best outcomes, as measured by impact on everyone involved
b. None of the given statements
c. Harm to one person can be justified by a bigger benefit to someone else
d. There are some things you may not do to a person, even for the benefit of others Clear my choice
All about cheerdancing and cheerleading movement and steps
Answer:
How to Do Basic Cheerleading
Motions.
Jumps.
Pike.
Stunts.
Tumbling.
Identify at least three elements or principles of art that are present in the image below. Discuss how these three elements or principles are used in the artwork. Why does the artist include them
Three elements or principles of art are:
Color - The artist might include color to convey emotions, express mood, or create visual interest.
Line - The artist might use lines to create movement, express emotions, or draw attention to certain areas of the artwork.
Texture - The artist might use texture to create visual interest or to convey a sense of realism.
What drew my attention?The thing that catches my attention the most, and likely yours too, is the color. The various colors and their strength create this beautiful piece of art. These colors are in the cool family and they help to show what the painting means. This was probably added to make you feel calm and relaxed.
After that, I will add a form. The form is the shape and size of an object in three dimensions. You can see how the artist made the flowers look like they're inside by using beams or pillars in the background.
The last thing is a peaceful balance called harmony. This idea is very important. It helps all the parts work well together to make things look similar and emphasize important parts.
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Give an example of an ethical dilemma that can occur in
nanotechnology research. Discuss why it is not an ethical issue but
an ethical dilemma.
One example of an ethical dilemma in nanotechnology research is the use of nanomaterials in consumer products.
On one hand, nanotechnology offers numerous benefits such as improved product performance and enhanced functionality. However, there are concerns about the potential risks associated with the release of nanoparticles into the environment and their impact on human health.
This situation presents an ethical dilemma because researchers and developers are faced with conflicting values and considerations. On one side, they aim to advance scientific knowledge and technological innovation, contributing to economic growth and societal progress. On the other side, they must consider the potential risks and ensure the responsible and safe use of nanomaterials.
The dilemma arises from the tension between the desire for scientific and technological advancement and the need to protect human health and the environment. It is not solely an ethical issue because both sides of the dilemma involve valid ethical concerns. The ethical dilemma arises when researchers must weigh the potential benefits of nanotechnology against the potential risks and make informed decisions that balance both aspects.
To address this dilemma, ethical frameworks such as the precautionary principle and responsible research and innovation (RRI) can guide researchers and policymakers in navigating the complexities. These frameworks emphasize the importance of considering potential risks, engaging in public dialogue, and adopting responsible practices throughout the research and development process.
By acknowledging and addressing the ethical dilemmas in nanotechnology research, stakeholders can strive for ethical decision-making that promotes the responsible and sustainable development of nanotechnology, while also safeguarding human health and the environment.
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It is believed that early Egyptian music used a five-tone scale.
Early Egyptian music is believed to have used a five-tone scale, echoing the Pythagorean theory of harmonic relations. This belief suggests that music encompasses universal principles capable of transcending cultural and historical differences.
Explanation:It is believed that early Egyptian music implemented a five-tone scale, indicating that the principles of music have deep historical roots. The relation between mathematics and music goes back to the Pythagoreans who discovered the relationship between the length of a string on an instrument and the pitch of the note it produces, redirecting focus to the phenomenal harmonic and interval connections between sounds. The belief about early Egyptian music resonates with the Pythagorean theory of harmonic relations. Additionally, research by a team from the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences suggested that music tends to bring out universal emotions, despite differences in cultural backgrounds. Through this research, it was established that music can transcend cultural, regional, and historical boundaries, a phenomenon perhaps also applicable to the five-note system in early Egyptian music.
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Cora is examining one of her classmate’s photos at the school art show. When she first looks at the image, she believes it is a black and white photo of the shore with the tide rolling in at night. However, upon closer inspection, Cora notices that the sand is in fact gravel and the tide is actually a close-up image of a damaged car bumper. She recognizes this because she has similar damage to the bumper on her own car. What is Cora using to help her understand and interpret this image?
design elements
bottom-up processing
top-down processing
visual stratification
Cora is using Option C. top-down processing to help her understand and interpret this image.
What is top-down processing?
Top-down processing is a cognitive process in which the brain employs previous knowledge to develop understanding, interpret sensory information, and make decisions. Top-down processing is the opposite of bottom-up processing, which starts with sensory input and then interprets it based on previous knowledge.Cora is using top-down processing to help her understand and interpret this image because she has similar damage to the bumper on her car.
Cora's past experience and knowledge of what a damaged bumper looks like in real life is helping her understand what she is seeing in the photograph, despite the fact that the image itself is ambiguous and could be interpreted in a different way. Bottom-up processing, on the other hand, would start with sensory input and then work its way up to a higher-level understanding.
For example, if Cora were looking at a photograph of an object she had never seen before, she would use bottom-up processing to try to make sense of the sensory information before developing a higher-level understanding of the image. Design elements and visual stratification are not relevant to this situation because they do not involve using past experience to interpret sensory information. Therefore the correct option is C
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A dam that will be used for drinking water and power production that will supply few cities is to be constructed. a small city is situated upstream and the population have to abandon their lands prior to the construction. Explain how cost/benefice approach can be used to make a decision.
Answer:
When considering whether to construct a dam that will impact the livelihoods of a small upstream city, a cost/benefit approach can be useful to make a decision. First, the potential benefits of the dam, such as providing drinking water and power production for multiple cities, should be weighed against the costs, such as the displacement of the residents of the small upstream city and the potential environmental impacts.
To accurately assess the costs, potential consequences, and mitigation measures should be considered. For example, the loss of the small upstream city's homes could lead to economic hardships and relocation expenses. Mitigation measures such as providing new homes or job opportunities in the construction of the dam may need to be considered. Additionally, environmental impacts such as habitat destruction and loss of biodiversity should be analyzed and evaluated against the benefits of the dam.
When making a decision, the cost/benefit analysis should consider all stakeholders involved, including the small upstream city, affected ecosystems, and the cities that will benefit from the dam. The decision-makers should weigh the pros and cons of the project in light of all available information, and choose an option that is most beneficial for all parties involved.
Explanation:
Search for the case of the Hyatt Regency Walkway Collapse. a) Briefly summarize the incident in your own words. State your reference in APA style. b) Explain the physical cause of the of the accident.
a) The Hyatt Regency Walkway Collapse occurred on July 17, 1981, at the Hyatt Regency Hotel in Kansas City, Missouri. During a crowded tea dance event in the hotel's atrium, two elevated walkways suspended from the ceiling collapsed, resulting in the death of 114 people and injuring over 200 others. The incident was a result of a structural failure caused by design and construction errors in the walkway system.
Reference: National Bureau of Standards. (1982). Investigation of the Kansas City Hyatt Regency walkways collapse. Retrieved from https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/TN/nbstechnicalnote913.pdf
b) The physical cause of the Hyatt Regency Walkway Collapse was a design flaw in the walkway system. The original design of the walkways utilized a concept known as "double-decker" design, where two walkways were suspended from an overhead support structure. However, the design change was made during the construction phase, and the walkways were later modified to be suspended from a single support structure, which was significantly weaker.
The connection between the support beams and the walkways relied on a set of hanger rods. These hanger rods were intended to provide support and stability to the walkways. However, due to the change in design, the load-bearing capacity of the connection points was greatly reduced. The walkways' weight, combined with the weight of the people on them, caused the hanger rods to fail, resulting in the collapse of the walkways.
The investigation revealed that the design change and lack of proper engineering analysis led to the insufficient strength of the connection points, ultimately causing the tragic collapse. The incident highlighted the importance of thorough design review, adherence to engineering principles, and proper oversight during construction to ensure structural integrity and public safety.
Reference: National Bureau of Standards. (1982). Investigation of the Kansas City Hyatt Regency walkways collapse. Retrieved from https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/TN/nbstechnicalnote913.pdf
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Which of the followings describes utilitarian approach?
a. There are duties that should be performed regardless of whether these acts lead to the most good
O b. We all have moral rights, and any action that violates these rights is ethically unacceptable
balance between good and bad consequences of an action, taking into account the consequences for everyone affected
d. The one that regards actions as right, that manifest good character traits and regards actions as bad, that display bad character traits
Answer:
The answer is c. Utilitarian approach involves balancing the good and bad consequences of an action, taking into account the consequences for everyone affected.
Explanation:
Contemporary South Korean artist Nam June Paik was a pioneer of video art, and many have argued that the artist was "ahead of his time."
Watch this video and then respond to the prompts below (at least 200 words):
• In what ways did Nam June Paik "predict the future," according to the video?
• Does his art connect in anyways to the ancient art of Korea that we learned about this week? (If so, how? If not, what makes his work so different?)
Nam June Paik predicted the future through his embrace of technology and exploration of the human-technology relationship in his art.
Nam June Paik, a famous South Korean craftsman, was to be sure somewhat radical, as proven by his visionary way to deal with video workmanship. In the video, multiple ways can be recognized in which Paik anticipated what's in store:
1. Embracing innovation: Paik perceived the extraordinary force of innovation, especially TV and video, and incorporated it into his creative practice. He anticipated the capability of these mediums to reshape how we might interpret craftsmanship and correspondence.
2. Conceptualizing the worldwide town: Paik begat the expression "electronic expressway" in 1974, imagining an organized existence where data and correspondence stream unreservedly. This premonition repeats the idea of a worldwide town, which recommends interconnectedness and the obscuring of limits.
3. Investigating the connection among people and innovation: Paik's specialty frequently analyzed the complicated transaction among people and innovation, scrutinizing the effect of innovation on our lives. He expected the rising incorporation of innovation into our day to day presence, stressing the need to draw in with it fundamentally.
With respect to association between Nam June Paik's specialty and old Korean craftsmanship, his work varies altogether from conventional Korean fine arts. Old Korean workmanship envelops many mediums, including ceramics, calligraphy, painting, and figure, with an emphasis on conveying social and otherworldly qualities.
Paik's specialty, then again, embraces contemporary innovation as its essential medium. While old Korean workmanship is established in custom, imagery, and craftsmanship, Paik's video craftsmanship is described by trial and error, intuitiveness, and a disturbance of conventional creative limits.
In any case, one can contend that there is an association between Paik's work and the old craft of Korea regarding pushing creative limits. Similarly as old Korean specialists split away from regular structures to investigate new strategies and subjects.
Paik tested the laid out standards of craftsmanship by integrating innovation and investigating its effect on society. The two types of workmanship mirror a craving to push the limits of innovativeness and articulation.
Eventually, Nam June Paik's imaginative way to deal with video workmanship, his ground breaking thoughts regarding innovation, and his capacity to expect the future have set his status as a trailblazer in the craftsmanship world.
His work may not straightforwardly line up with old Korean craftsmanship, yet it shares a repeating theme of pushing imaginative limits and embracing new types of articulation.
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