With the intention of keeping young offenders out of the criminal justice system's damaging consequences and promoting rehabilitation tailored to the requirements of each particular juvenile, a distinct juvenile justice system was developed in the United States roughly 100 years ago.
In some aspects, this system intended to be different from adult or criminal court. Instead of focusing on the actions that brought the child or adolescent before the court, it was crucial to see them as a person in need of assistance. The hearings were casual, and the judge for the juvenile court was given a lot of leeway. In order to prevent impeding the child's or adolescent's capacity to get treatment and reintegrate into society, juvenile court hearings were kept private and juvenile records were to stay private. These distinctions were highlighted by the language employed in juvenile court itself.
Instead of being charged with crimes, juveniles are instead declared to be delinquents; they are not found guilty; instead, they are determined to be delinquents; and they are not sent to jail but rather to a training institution or reformatory. The juvenile court systems are one criminal justice strategy for dealing with adolescent delinquency. These courts are expressly designated for the trial of juveniles. Occasionally, minor criminals are sent to adult jails. Children who are eight years old may be tried as adults in the United States. In addition, the United States is the only nation to have ever sentenced children as young as 13 to life in jail without the possibility of release. In the great majority of instances involving minors as of 2012, the Supreme Court ruled that death in prison sentences were unconstitutional.
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Does life have a Meaning/ Purpose?define each heading
• The Meaning of Meaning
✓ Children as Meaning
✓ God as Meaning
✓ Afterlife as Meaning
✓ No Meaning at All
• Various Philosophical Ans
The question of life's meaning has sparked diverse viewpoints, ranging from ultimate transcendent meaning to individual creation of purpose, highlighting the complexity and richness of philosophical and religious perspectives.
The question of whether life has meaning or purpose has been a subject of philosophical and religious debate for centuries. The meaning of life refers to the reason or purpose for existence, and there are various perspectives on what that meaning might be.
Some of the most common viewpoints are described below: 1. The Meaning of Meaning: The meaning of meaning refers to the concept of what it means for something to have meaning. There are various theories of meaning, including those that focus on language, intention, and reference. In the context of the meaning of life, the question is whether there is some ultimate or transcendent meaning that gives purpose to existence.
2. Children as Meaning: Some argue that the meaning of life is found in the creation and nurturing of children. This perspective emphasizes the continuation of life and the responsibility of adults to provide for and protect the next generation.
3. God as Meaning: Many religions offer the idea that life has meaning because it is part of a divine plan or purpose. From this perspective, the meaning of life is tied to the relationship between humans and God.
4. Afterlife as Meaning: Similar to the God-centered view, some suggest that the meaning of life is found in the afterlife. The idea is that this life is a preparation or test for the next life, and that ultimate meaning is found in the eternal reward or punishment that follows.
5. No Meaning at All: Existentialists argue that there is no inherent meaning in life and that each person must create their own purpose. This view emphasizes individual freedom and responsibility to create a meaningful life.
6. Various Philosophical Ans: Other philosophical perspectives on the meaning of life include those that focus on happiness, morality, and the pursuit of knowledge. Each of these theories offers a different answer to the question of what gives meaning and purpose to human existence.
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Write a report reflecting on both Indigenous Worldview and Western Worldview. Research and Analysis of both worldviews with examples
Indigenous Worldview emphasizes interconnectedness with nature and community, while Western Worldview focuses on rationality and individualism.
Indigenous Worldview and Western Worldview are contrasting perspectives that influence how individuals perceive and interact with the world.
Indigenous Worldview: Indigenous Worldview, held by many Indigenous cultures around the world, emphasizes a deep connection to the natural world and a sense of interconnectedness with all living beings.
It recognizes the importance of spirituality, community, and oral traditions in guiding beliefs and practices. Indigenous cultures often prioritize collective decision-making, respect for ancestors and elders, and the preservation of cultural heritage.
Western Worldview: Western Worldview, shaped by the Enlightenment era and dominant in Western societies, places a strong emphasis on rationality, scientific inquiry, and individualism.
It values linear thinking, objective knowledge, and the pursuit of progress and material wealth. Western societies tend to prioritize individual rights, democratic governance, and technological advancements.
Examples of differences: Indigenous Worldview may view land as sacred and emphasize sustainable practices to maintain harmony with nature. Western Worldview, on the other hand, may focus on resource exploitation for economic gain.
Indigenous Worldview often values oral traditions and storytelling, while Western Worldview places greater emphasis on written texts and formal education.
Bridging the perspectives: Recognizing the strengths and limitations of both worldviews, efforts have been made to bridge the two perspectives for mutual understanding and collaboration.
This includes engaging in respectful dialogue, acknowledging Indigenous knowledge systems, and incorporating Indigenous perspectives into policy-making processes.
In conclusion, Indigenous Worldview and Western Worldview represent distinct lenses through which individuals perceive and interact with the world. Understanding and appreciating these worldviews can foster cultural respect, environmental stewardship, and opportunities for meaningful collaboration.
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A. How did the second Philadelphia birth cohort study improve upon the data collection efforts found in the first? If a similar study was conducted today, what other improvements could be added?
B. Discuss one way in which a previously discussed data source has been used in criminal justice and/ or criminological research or practice. Discuss another way that it could be used in the future
The second Philadelphia birth cohort study improved upon the data collection efforts found in the first by following the original participants through young adulthood and into middle age.
The first study included 1,800 infants born in Philadelphia, followed until they reached age 21. The second study included 4,512 babies born at 30 hospitals in Philadelphia, followed for a longer period.
The second study conducted assessments at ages 3, 4.5, 7, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 years, providing a more comprehensive understanding of child development.
By increasing the number of research variables, researchers could identify new risk factors and protective factors that influence child development.
The second study improved upon the data collection efforts found in the first by providing a more comprehensive understanding of child development and the factors that influence it.
If a similar study was conducted today, researchers could use mobile devices to collect data in real-time and use social media and other online platforms to engage with participants.
Using these advancements, researchers could gather more accurate and up-to-date information about participants and gain a deeper understanding of child development and its influencing factors.
B. NIBRS has been used in criminal justice research to study patterns of crime, such as the time of day and day of the week when crimes are most likely to occur.
NIBRS could be used in the future to study the relationship between crime and environmental factors, such as air quality and land use.
By combining NIBRS data with other environmental data, researchers could identify environmental risk factors that contribute to crime.
This information could be used to develop policies and programs that address both crime and environmental issues.
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Discuss TWO methods to assess wanting in motivation research: ONE that can be used in both laboratory animals and humans, and ONE that cannot. Ensure that you include the specific dependent variable(s) measured for each and explain your reasoning. Be specific and concise.
One method that can be used to assess wanting in both laboratory animals and humans is the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm.
In this paradigm, an individual is exposed to a particular environment (e.g., a specific chamber or location) paired with a rewarding stimulus (e.g., a drug or food). Over time, the individual develops a preference for the environment associated with the rewarding stimulus, indicating their motivation or "wanting" for the stimulus.
The dependent variable measured in this paradigm is the time spent in the environment associated with the rewarding stimulus compared to a neutral environment. This measure reflects the strength of the individual's motivation or desire for the stimulus.
One method that cannot be used in both laboratory animals and humans to assess wanting is self-report measures. Self-report measures involve asking individuals to rate their own motivation or desire for a particular stimulus using questionnaires or scales.
While self-report measures are commonly used in human research, they rely on subjective responses and introspection, which cannot be directly applied to laboratory animals. Animals cannot provide verbal or written responses to indicate their level of motivation or wanting. Therefore, self-report measures are not applicable to assessing wanting in laboratory animals but can be used effectively in human research.
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Which style(s) no longer require(s) the place of publication
when providing a reference for a book?
CSE
Chicago
AMA
NLM
APA
The APA (American Psychological Association) style no longer requires the place of publication when providing a reference for a book.
As of my knowledge cutoff in September 2021, the APA style is the style that no longer requires the place of publication when referencing a book. In the APA style, the reference format for a book typically includes the author(s), publication year, book title, and publisher's name. The place of publication is no longer necessary in the reference entry.
It's important to note that citation styles can be updated and revised over time, so it's always advisable to consult the most recent edition or version of the style guide to ensure accuracy. However, as of September 2021, the APA style is the one that has eliminated the requirement for the place of publication in book references, making it more streamlined and concise.
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Course Home Syllabus Content Communication Assessments Grades Resources / Tutoring Table of Contents Module 3 Children as victims. School Violence 5/175/19 Modules homework 0 < Module 3 homework Listen Answer each of the following questions. Make sure to address all in ons added in the question. Wachines is worth is for a weal point ahi e perime what you homework as a word documento the module ok drophes 1 List and briefly describe the different types of child men 2 What is most by grooming 3 What are the factors that contribute to bullying and what are the potential effects of bullying > a
1. List and briefly describe the different types of child maltreatment.
Child maltreatment refers to various forms of abuse or neglect inflicted upon children. The different types of child maltreatment include:
a. Physical Abuse: Involves the use of physical force that causes injury or harm to a child, such as hitting, shaking, or burning.
b. Sexual Abuse: Involves any sexual activity imposed on a child, including fondling, penetration, or exposing the child to explicit material.
c. Emotional Abuse: Refers to the persistent emotional mistreatment that affects the child's emotional well-being, such as constant criticism, humiliation, or rejection.
d. Neglect: Involves the failure to provide the necessary care, supervision, or support for a child's well-being, including basic needs like food, shelter, and medical attention.
2. What is meant by grooming?
Grooming refers to the process by which an individual, often an adult, builds a connection with a child to gain their trust and manipulate them for sexual exploitation or abuse. The grooming process typically involves establishing an emotional bond, providing attention, gifts, or special privileges, and gradually desensitizing the child to inappropriate or exploitative behavior. Groomers aim to create a sense of dependence, making it more difficult for the child to recognize or disclose the abuse.
3. What are the factors that contribute to bullying, and what are the potential effects of bullying?
Factors that contribute to bullying include individual, family, school, and societal factors. Individual factors may include aggression, low empathy, or seeking power and dominance. Family factors can involve inadequate parenting, neglect, or exposure to violence. School factors may include lack of supervision, tolerance of bullying, or a negative school climate. Societal factors can contribute through cultural norms or media influence.
The potential effects of bullying can be severe and long-lasting. Victims may experience physical injuries, emotional distress, anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. They may also face difficulties in academic performance, social relationships, and overall well-being. Additionally, bullies themselves may suffer negative consequences, such as increased aggression, delinquency, and a higher likelihood of engaging in criminal behavior later in life.
Please note that this response provides a brief overview of the topics. For a comprehensive understanding, it is advisable to consult academic sources or relevant literature.
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Question 1 (2.75 points) Listen Which risk factor is most likely to increase a child's vulnerability to psychopathology? a) Two-career families b) Lack of siblings c) Chronic poverty Od) Impulsivity
Chronic poverty is identified as the most significant risk factor that increases a child's vulnerability to psychopathology.
Psychopathology encompasses the study of mental illness and the factors contributing to specific behaviours. It investigates the origins, development, and progression of mental disorders. Various factors can heighten a child's susceptibility to psychopathology, with chronic poverty being the most relevant.
Chronic poverty has been extensively researched and has been linked to the emergence of psychological problems. The adverse circumstances and ongoing stress prevalent in impoverished families can result in emotional, cognitive, and behavioural challenges for children. Consequently, chronic poverty may lead to the manifestation of psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety, and aggression.
Studies have consistently shown higher rates of depression, anxiety, and conduct disorders among children who have grown up in poverty compared to their non-poor counterparts. The experience of chronic poverty exposes children to a multitude of disadvantages, including inadequate nutrition, limited access to healthcare, and substandard education. Furthermore, it can deprive them of necessary social support and resources, impeding their emotional and cognitive development.
In summary, chronic poverty significantly raises a child's vulnerability to psychopathology, as it subjects them to persistent stressors and a lack of essential resources that are crucial for healthy mental well-being.
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250 Is it possible to make a decision based solely on logical
principles and ignoring values and emotions, beliefs and
credibility? Why or why not?
It is not possible to make a decision solely based on logical principles and ignore values, emotions, beliefs, and credibility.
Humans are complex beings influenced by a variety of factors, including values, emotions, beliefs, and credibility. These factors play a significant role in decision-making processes. Logical principles alone may provide a framework for evaluating options and analyzing information, but they do not account for the subjective and personal aspects of decision-making. Values, emotions, and beliefs shape our perspectives and priorities, influencing the choices we make. Ignoring these aspects can lead to decisions that are detached from human experience and fail to consider the impact on individuals and communities.
Furthermore, credibility is crucial when assessing information and sources. A decision based solely on logical principles may overlook the reliability and trustworthiness of the information or the credibility of the individuals involved. Considering credibility helps ensure that decisions are based on accurate and relevant information, reducing the risk of biased or misleading conclusions. While logical reasoning is important, it is essential to acknowledge and incorporate values, emotions, beliefs, and credibility into the decision-making process to make choices that align with our human nature and promote well-being and fairness.
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Which of the following 'does not protect Brain functioning? O Exercise O Low blood pressure O Healthy diet Eating lots of cheese cake
Among the options provided, the factor that does not protect brain functioning is consuming a healthy diet by eating lots of cheesecake. Here option C is the correct answer.
Exercise, option A, plays a significant role in promoting brain health. Regular physical activity increases blood flow to the brain, improves cognitive function, enhances memory, and reduces the risk of cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. Exercise also stimulates the release of chemicals in the brain that promote the growth of new neurons and strengthens existing connections.
Option B, maintaining low blood pressure, is crucial for brain health. High blood pressure can damage blood vessels in the brain, leading to reduced blood flow and oxygen supply, which can result in cognitive impairment, strokes, and other neurological conditions. Keeping blood pressure within a healthy range is essential for preserving brain function.
However, option C, consuming excessive amounts of cheesecake, does not protect brain functioning. A diet high in saturated fats, refined sugars, and unhealthy ingredients like those found in cheesecake can have negative effects on overall health, including brain health. Therefore option C is the correct answer.
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Complete question:
Which of the following 'does not protect Brain functioning?
A - Exercise
B - Low blood pressure
C - Healthy diet Eating lots of cheese cake
Perperuities age also called annizties with an extended or unalmited Me. Based on your understanding of perpetuities, answer the following questions. Which of the following are characteristics of a perpetuity cheok att that appey. A perpetuity continues for a flxed time period, The principal amount of a perpetuity is repaid as a lump-sum amourt. The present value of a perpetuity is calculated by dividing the amount of the pament by the investor's opportunity interest rate. A perpetuify is a senies of regulariy timed, ecual cash flows that it atrumed to continue indefinitely into the futione. rate will you earn on your decosit? 0.463 0.51% 0.574 0.915 warned interest rate to
The orrect characteristic from the given options is: The present value of a perpetuity is calculated by dividing the amount of the payment by the investor's opportunity interest rate.
How to explain the informationA perpetuity is a series of regularly timed, equal cash flows that are assumed to continue indefinitely into the future.
The principal amount of a perpetuity is not repaid as a lump-sum amount.
The present value of a perpetuity is calculated by dividing the amount of the payment by the investor's opportunity interest rate.
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Question 60 If using zinc in the treatment of Wilson's disease, should the salt used to treat the disease be zinc acetate, or is any zinc-containing salt such as zinc sulphate sufficient? Question 61
Zinc acetate is the recommended salt for treating Wilson's disease, as it has been specifically studied and proven to be effective in reducing copper levels in the body.
In the treatment of Wilson's disease, zinc salts are used to inhibit the absorption of copper in the intestines and promote its excretion from the body. Zinc acetate is considered the preferred salt for this purpose. It has been extensively studied and shown to effectively lower copper levels in patients with Wilson's disease.
On the other hand, while other zinc-containing salts like zinc sulfate may also possess some ability to bind copper, their efficacy and safety specifically in treating Wilson's disease have not been thoroughly investigated. The specific formulation and dosage of zinc acetate have been established based on clinical trials and research.
Therefore, when treating Wilson's disease, it is recommended to use zinc acetate rather than other zinc-containing salts. This ensures a standardized and evidence-based approach to managing copper accumulation in the body and maximizing the therapeutic benefits of zinc supplementation in this specific condition.
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as an agent for a non-profit organization that helps immigrants in Canada,
1- make a report on the ageism and homophobia that these immigrants experience
and give 4 examples
2- how activists use ageism and homophobia in anti-oppressive approaches
3- what does ageism and homophobia show us
Ageism and homophobia pose significant challenges to immigrants in Canada. By recognizing and addressing these issues, we can foster a more inclusive and equitable society that respects and values the rights and dignity of all individuals, regardless of their age or sexual orientation.
Report on Ageism and Homophobia Experienced by Immigrants in Canada
As an agent for a non-profit organization dedicated to helping immigrants in Canada, it is crucial to address the issues of ageism and homophobia that many immigrants experience.
Ageism refers to discrimination, prejudice, or stereotyping based on a person's age, while homophobia pertains to prejudice and discrimination against individuals based on their sexual orientation or gender identity.
Examples of Ageism and Homophobia Experienced by Immigrants: A. Employment Discrimination: Immigrants who are older or identify as LGBTQ+ often face challenges in finding suitable employment due to ageist held by employers or coworkers.
b. Housing Discrimination: Immigrant seniors or LGBTQ+ individuals may encounter barriers in accessing safe and affordable housing due to discriminatory attitudes or practices.
c. Social Isolation: Ageism and homophobia can lead to social exclusion and isolation for immigrants, especially older adults and LGBTQ+ individuals, who may face rejection or lack of acceptance within their communities.
d. Access to Services: Immigrants facing ageism or homophobia may encounter difficulties in accessing appropriate healthcare, support services, or legal assistance due to barriers created by discriminatory practices or attitudes.
Activists' Anti-Oppressive Approaches: Activists working to combat ageism and homophobia employ various strategies within an anti-oppressive framework. They challenge discriminatory structures, systems, and attitudes by:
a. Raising Awareness: Activists engage in education and advocacy to increase awareness about ageism and homophobia within immigrant communities and the broader society, fostering empathy and understanding.
b. Empowering Voices: They provide platforms and spaces for immigrant individuals to share their experiences, amplify their voices, and advocate for their rights.
c. Building Alliances: Activists collaborate with other organizations, community groups, and institutions to create a united front against ageism and homophobia, fostering solidarity and collective action.
d. Policy and Legal Advocacy: Activists work to influence policies and laws to protect immigrants from ageism and homophobia, advocating for inclusive practices and rights-based approaches.
Significance of Ageism and Homophobia: Ageism and homophobia reveal the need for continuous efforts in creating an inclusive and equitable society for all immigrants in Canada. These forms of discrimination demonstrate the intersecting layers of oppression that immigrants face, beyond their immigrant status alone.
Addressing ageism and homophobia is essential to promote social justice, human rights, and dignity for all individuals, regardless of their age, sexual orientation, or gender identity. By challenging these biases, fostering acceptance, and promoting equal opportunities, we can build a society where immigrants can fully participate and thrive without fear of discrimination or prejudice.
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Explain Myklebust's (1965) theory of language development and
point out the difficulties in applying the theory to the language
development of children with hearing impairment.
Myklebust's (1965) theory of language development emphasizes the role of auditory perception and verbal imitation in language acquisition. However, applying this theory to the language development of children with hearing impairment poses challenges due to their limited access to auditory input and potential difficulties with verbal imitation.
Myklebust's theory highlights the importance of auditory perception and verbal imitation in language development. According to the theory, children learn language by perceiving and imitating the speech sounds they hear in their environment. This process relies heavily on the ability to hear and accurately reproduce those sounds.
When applying this theory to children with hearing impairment, there are significant difficulties. Children with hearing impairment may have limited or distorted access to auditory input, which can impede their ability to perceive and discriminate speech sounds accurately. As a result, their capacity to imitate and produce spoken language may be compromised.
Children with hearing impairment often rely on alternative means of communication, such as sign language or assistive listening devices, to facilitate language development. These methods prioritize visual or tactile modalities instead of auditory perception. Consequently, the traditional emphasis on auditory perception and verbal imitation in Myklebust's theory may not fully capture the unique challenges and strategies involved in the language development of children with hearing impairment.
Moreover, the theory does not fully account for the additional linguistic and cognitive factors that may impact language acquisition in children with hearing impairment. For example, these children may face difficulties with syntax, semantics, and pragmatics due to limited exposure to natural language input and potential delays in cognitive development.
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What can a secondary teacher do to help identify gifted and talented students within the ELL population? What are some ways you can help develop the gifts and talents of ELLs?
Gifted and talented students are students who demonstrate exceptional abilities in intellectual, creative, and artistic areas, leadership, and other areas. When it comes to English language learners (ELLs), teachers are often in a dilemma when it comes to identifying the gifted and talented ones. However, there are some strategies teachers can use to identify gifted and talented students within the ELL population.
These strategies are listed below:
1. Observe their listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills: It is important to observe how ELL students listen, speak, read, and write. This will give the teacher an idea of how competent they are in the English language. Those who demonstrate advanced skills in these areas may be gifted.
2. Utilize academic assessments: Teachers can utilize academic assessments such as standardized tests, content-area assessments, and language proficiency assessments to help identify gifted and talented ELL students. These assessments will measure their cognitive abilities and academic skills.
3. Use performance-based assessmentsPerformance-based assessments such as student portfolios, authentic assessments, and project-based assessments are another way to identify gifted and talented ELL students. These assessments will show a student's higher-order thinking skills, creativity, and problem-solving abilities.
Now, moving on to the ways teachers can help develop the gifts and talents of ELLs:
1. Offer challenging coursework: It is important to offer ELL students challenging coursework that will engage their minds and challenge their abilities.
2. Encourage creativity: ELL students should be encouraged to be creative. This can be done by incorporating activities that allow students to express themselves through art, music, and writing.
3. Offer differentiated instruction: Differentiated instruction is essential for ELL students. Teachers should provide instruction that is tailored to the student's needs and abilities. This can be done by using a variety of teaching methods and materials.
4. Provide opportunities for enrichment: Enrichment opportunities such as clubs, competitions, and summer programs can help ELL students develop their gifts and talents further. Teachers should encourage students to participate in these activities.
In conclusion, identifying gifted and talented ELL students can be challenging, but with the right strategies, it can be done. Teachers can help develop the gifts and talents of ELLs by offering challenging coursework, encouraging creativity, offering differentiated instruction, and providing opportunities for enrichment.
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Researchers found that California high school students did not change their attitudes in response to a talk entitled ""Why Teenagers Should Not Be Allowed to Drive"" if they
If California high school students did not change their attitudes in response to a talk entitled "Why Teenagers Should Not Be Allowed to Drive," then it means that they were probably not highly motivated to change their behavior.
The study conducted by the researchers suggests that the students might have not changed their attitudes because they had prior knowledge or experience in driving, making them unwilling to be influenced by a single talk.
To investigate the problem, researchers must determine the causal relationships between various variables.
They must ensure that the control group and the experimental group are homogeneous and that the same test or survey questions are used to collect data from each group.
There are various variables that the researchers must be careful with, such as the test subjects' socio-economic status, gender, and the experimental design.
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D. none of the above 17. Which method of delivery is planned or prepared in advance. It is also the most spontaneous, energetic, and engaging speech delivery method? A. memorized B. manuscript C. impromptu D. extemporaneous
The method of delivery that is planned or prepared in advance and is spontaneous, energetic, and engaging is called extemporaneous.
Extemporaneous delivery is a speaking style that combines spontaneity and preparation. It's a technique that allows the speaker to come up with speeches and talking points on the spot, while also using research, notes, and other pre-planning methods. Extemporaneous speaking is intended to engage listeners and allow the speaker to establish a natural connection with the audience. Extemporaneous delivery is similar to impromptu delivery, in that the speaker is not delivering the speech word-for-word from a manuscript.
However, unlike impromptu speaking, extemporaneous speaking is prepared in advance. The speaker typically has a general idea of what they want to say, but they do not have a written script. This allows the speaker to be more spontaneous and engaging, while still being able to effectively communicate their message.
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5. Who argued that deceptive practices in advertising are
"legitimate and socially desirable practices"?
A) Theodore Levitt
B) John Maynard Keynes
C) Adam Smith
D) Milton Friedman
E) R. Edward Fre
R. Edward Freeman argued that deceptive practices in advertising are "legitimate and socially desirable practices".
This is option E
What are deceptive practices in advertising?Deceptive advertising refers to misleading, untrue, or inaccurate advertising messages intended to persuade customers to buy a product. The advertising technique is meant to mislead people into thinking that the product is of higher quality, more effective, or safer than it actually is.
R. Edward Freeman's perspective on deceptive practices in advertising:
R. Edward Freeman is the one who argued that deceptive practices in advertising are "legitimate and socially desirable practices". He claims that promoting anything and everything is necessary for a company to survive in the market.
So, the correct answer is E
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Question 10 According to Kant, ultimate reality (independent of the human mind) can be known... through careful scientific inquiry. through reason alone. to exist, but it cannot be known what this existence consists of. NOT to exíst. 1 pts D Question 9 According to Kant, science... provides knowledge of ultimate reality. is reliable only if I can prove God's existence. provides knowledge of the 'phenomenal world' of human experience, but does not provide knowledge of ultimate reality. does not provide any knowledge, because causal claims turn out to be nonsensical.. 1 pts Question 8 "Objects exist in time and space." "Nothing happens without a cause." For Kant, the above propositions (statements) are... analytic a priori. synthetic a posteriori. synthetic a priori. nonsense.. 1 pts D Question 7 For Kant, the insight that nothing happens without a cause, that "every event is caused" is ***. known from observation of the natural world. is a purely rational insight (independent of observation). is purely analytic. 1 pts is nonsense. Question 6 For Kant, space, time, and causality are... observable features of OUR reality (the phenomenal world of sense perception). features of the human mind, sorting principles, through which we process sense experience. non-observable features of ultimate reality (the so-called noumenal world that is beyond sense perception). none of the above. 1 pts Question 3 For Hume, traditional metaphysics, such as the theories of Plato and Aristotle..... is impossible, because their main claims contain mostly analytic statements, and analytic statements do not provide any knowledge of the outside world. is impossible, because their main claims contain mostly synthetic statements that cannot be empirically verified. is impossible, because their main claims are neither analytic nor synthetic. is not impossible, because their main claims contain synthetic a priori statements.
The questions pertain to the philosophical perspectives of Immanuel Kant and David Hume. Kant argues that ultimate reality can be known through reason alone, while science provides knowledge of the "phenomenal world" of human experience but not the ultimate reality.
He also asserts that space, time, and causality are features of the human mind through which we process sense experience. On the other hand, Hume criticizes traditional metaphysics, stating that their main claims contain mostly synthetic statements that cannot be empirically verified.
According to Kant, ultimate reality (independent of the human mind) can be known through reason alone. He believed that by using pure reason and rational inquiry, we can gain knowledge of the nature of reality beyond our subjective experiences.
Kant argued that science provides knowledge of the "phenomenal world" of human experience, which is the world as it appears to us, but it does not provide knowledge of ultimate reality. He distinguished between the world as we perceive it and the world as it truly is, beyond our perceptual abilities.
Kant viewed space, time, and causality as features of the human mind, sorting principles through which we process our sense experience. They are not considered to be non-observable features of ultimate reality but rather fundamental aspects of how we perceive and understand the world.
Hume criticized traditional metaphysics, including the theories of Plato and Aristotle, stating that their main claims contain mostly synthetic statements that cannot be empirically verified. Hume was skeptical of claims that go beyond our direct sense experience and argued for a more empirically grounded approach to knowledge.
Overall, these questions highlight key ideas and distinctions in the philosophical perspectives of Kant and Hume regarding knowledge, reality, and the limits of human understanding.
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Provide an example from a reputable news source such as The New York Times, the LA Times, WSJ, etc. (including the school paper) of someone committing one of the fallacies described by our textbook. This may require some time to research, so you are encouraged to start early.
The discussion of fallacies is in chapter 2 (module 2) under the heading "Some Improper Forms: Fallacies of Relevance" and the textbook discusses eight of them: the Red Herring fallacy, the Easy Target fallacy, Appeal to Force or Fear, Appeal to Pity, Appeal to Popularity, Appeal to Novelty or Tradition, Ad Hominem, and Appeal to Ignorance.
The New York Times, LA Times, WSJ, or your school paper by using their search function and entering relevant keywords related to the fallacies discussed in your textbook.
I have not been directly trained on specific publishers or have access to proprietary publishers like The New York Times, LA Times, WSJ, or school papers. I should note that while I strive to provide accurate and up-to-date information, my responses may not always reflect the most current news events or developments.
News is constantly evolving, and new information can emerge that may change the context or understanding of a given topic.
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QUESTION 9 You have performed a post-mortem analysis of brain tissue and found enlarged ventricles. This abnormality is particularly associated with: symptoms of schizophrenia antisocial personality disorder O intellectual disability O bipolar disorder QUESTION 10 People suffering from Korsakoff's syndrome confabulate because Othey enjoy making up stories they deny the extent of their amnesia to themselves and others they feel threatened by others Othey have a hormonal deficiency
QUESTION 9 :- The answer to the given question is option (a) symptoms of schizophrenia.
QUESTION 10 :-The answer to the given question is option deny the extent of their amnesia to themselves and others.
Explanation:-
QUESTION 9
According to the given information, when the post-mortem analysis of brain tissue has been done, it is found that the enlarged ventricles are particularly associated with symptoms of schizophrenia. Hence, option (a) is correct.
QUESTION 10
The answer to the given question is option deny the extent of their amnesia to themselves and others.
People suffering from Korsakoff's syndrome confabulate because they deny the extent of their amnesia to themselves and others.
Korsakoff syndrome is a long-term brain complication due to deficiency of Vitamin B1 (thiamine). Confabulation is a mental disorder in which the affected person replaces an actual memory with a fabricated one.
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36a) Name and explain one critique on the normativist notion of disease.[2] b)11. Name and explain one critique on the naturalist notion of disease[2] (answer according to mark allocations 1-name,1-short explanation=2
a) Critique on the normativist notion of disease: It relies on subjective societal judgments, leading to arbitrary classifications of what constitutes a disease.
b) Critique on the naturalist notion of disease: It overlooks the influence of social, cultural, and psychological factors on health and focuses solely on biological markers.
a) Critique on the normativist notion of disease:
The critique is that the normativist notion of disease relies heavily on societal values and judgments, which can lead to subjective and arbitrary classifications of what is considered a disease. This approach overlooks the complexity and diversity of human experiences and medical conditions.
The normativist notion of disease defines disease based on societal norms and expectations of health. It assumes that there is an objective standard of health that individuals should conform to.
One critique of this notion is that it tends to impose narrow and rigid definitions of disease that may not align with the lived experiences and individual perspectives of patients.
For example, certain conditions or traits that deviate from the societal norm, such as variations in sexual orientation or gender identity, have historically been pathologized as diseases. However, many argue that these variations are natural and not indicative of illness or disorder.
The critique is that by relying on normative standards, the normativist notion of disease can stigmatize and marginalize individuals whose experiences or conditions do not fit into the societal expectations of health.
b) Critique on the naturalist notion of disease:
The critique is that the naturalist notion of disease relies solely on biological or physiological factors, neglecting important social, cultural, and psychological influences on health and illness. It oversimplifies the complex interplay between biology and social context in determining disease.
The naturalist notion of disease defines disease solely in terms of biological or physiological abnormalities or dysfunctions within the body. It focuses on objective markers such as pathology, cellular changes, or biochemical imbalances.
For instance, socio-economic disparities, environmental factors, lifestyle choices, access to healthcare, and cultural beliefs can all contribute to the occurrence and progression of diseases. Ignoring these contextual factors limits the understanding of disease and hampers efforts to address health disparities and promote holistic well-being.
The critique is that the naturalist notion of disease can lead to reductionism by oversimplifying the complex interplay between biology and social context. It neglects the importance of considering the broader socio-cultural and psychological influences that shape health outcomes and disease experiences.
To have a comprehensive understanding of disease, a more integrative and multidimensional approach is needed that considers both biological and contextual factors.
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Which of these events occurred first in chronological order in the events associated with the conflicts before and during the English Civil War?
King Charles I is put on trial for treason and executed
Petition of Right is issued by Parliament
Royalist side is defeated at the Battle of Naseby
Parliament forms the New Model Army
King Charles I rules without Parliament for eleven years
In chronological order, the events occurred as follows: King Charles I ruled without Parliament for eleven years, the Petition of Right was issued by Parliament, Parliament formed the New Model Army, the Royalist side was defeated at the Battle of Naseby, and finally, King Charles I was put on trial for treason and executed.
The first event in chronological order was King Charles I ruling without Parliament for eleven years. This period, known as the Personal Rule or the Eleven Years Tyranny, took place from 1629 to 1640. During this time, Charles I dissolved Parliament and governed without their input.
The second event was the issuance of the Petition of Right by Parliament in 1628. The Petition sought to limit the king's powers and protect individual liberties.
Parliament formed the New Model Army in 1645 as a professional and disciplined military force to fight against the Royalist side in the English Civil War.
The Battle of Naseby, where the Royalist side suffered a major defeat, occurred in 1645. Finally, after the conclusion of the Civil War, King Charles I was put on trial for treason by Parliament and executed in 1649.
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1). What is the independent variable in this study?
A. Whether the boys chose to wear a Superman costume or a Batman costume
B. Whether the boys wore a superhero costume or their own street clothes
C. How long children persisted in working on the computer task (0 minutes to 10 minutes)
D. Whether children found the computer task enjoyable or unenjoyable
E. There is too little information in this study to determine the independent variable.
The independent variable in this study is A. Whether the boys chose to wear a Superman costume or a Batman costume.
In this study, the researchers are interested in examining the effects of different superhero costumes on the behavior or outcomes of boys. The independent variable represents the factor that is manipulated or controlled by the researchers. In this case, the researchers provided the boys with the option to choose between wearing a Superman costume or a Batman costume. By offering this choice, the researchers are exploring how the selection of different superhero costumes might influence the boys' behavior, attitudes, or responses in the study.
By manipulating the independent variable, the researchers can observe any variations in the dependent variable, which is the variable that is measured or observed in response to the independent variable. The dependent variable could be factors like the boys' level of engagement, their performance on a task, or their attitudes towards the computer task. The study's objective is to determine if there are any notable differences in the behavior or outcomes of the boys based on their choice of superhero costume.
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According to Fisher, which of the following is true about narration or narratives? O Narration includes only a verbal account with a sequence of events to which listeners assign a meaning. O Narration
"Narration includes a verbal account with a sequence of events that listeners assign meaning to."Narration can be described as the action or process of narrating a story.
It is a spoken or written account of connected events, real or imaginary. Narratives may be fictional or factual, and they may be presented in various media, such as literature, film, television, plays, and so on. The concept of a sequence of events is critical in narration because it aids in understanding the meaning and function of the events and the story as a whole.
The goal of a story is to tell a story and impart meaning to its audience by connecting events in a cause-and-effect chain and establishing a sequence of events that follow a logical pattern. Listeners, on the other hand, are critical in the process of narration. They play an essential role in creating meaning in a narrative by interpreting the sequence of events presented to them by the narrator.
They use their life experiences, cultural and social backgrounds, and other contextual clues to decipher the meaning of the story being told. In conclusion, the statement that is true about narration or narratives according to Fisher is that "Narration includes a verbal account with a sequence of events that listeners assign meaning to."
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Naomi sees her sister Lynn store her favorite toy car in the toybox. Lynn then leaves the room. Then, Naomi sees her brother Mark come into the room. Mark wants to play a trick on Lynn, so he removes the toy car from the toy box and places it inside a straw basket instead. Mark then leaves the room. A few minutes later, Lynn comes back looking for her toy car. If Naomi has NOT yet developed theory of mind, where does she THINK Lynn will look for her toy car? O Naomi thinks Lynn will look in the straw basket, because that is where the toy car is Naomi thinks Lynn will look in the toy box, because that is where she last placed the toy car O Naomi thinks Lynn will look in the toy box, because that is the most logical place to put a toy car O Naomi thinks Lynn will ask Mark where the toy car is 00
Naomi thinks Lynn will look in the **toy box**, because that is where she last placed the toy car.
Naomi, who has not yet developed theory of mind, will base her assumption on her own knowledge and observations. Since Naomi saw Lynn store the toy car in the toy box before leaving the room, she will expect Lynn to look for it in the same location. Naomi is not aware of Mark's trick of moving the toy car to the straw basket, so she will assume that Lynn will search for it in the toy box, as it is the last place Lynn was seen putting the toy car.
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What role(s) should CAM providers play in the U.S. health
services system?
CAM providers can play roles in the U.S. health services system by offering alternative treatment options, contributing to preventive healthcare, and participating in integrative healthcare models.
CAM providers (Complementary and Alternative Medicine) can play several roles in the U.S. health services system. Firstly, they can offer alternative treatment options for individuals who prefer non-conventional approaches to healthcare. CAM providers often specialize in practices such as acupuncture, chiropractic care, herbal medicine, and naturopathy, which can complement conventional medical treatments.
Secondly, CAM providers can contribute to preventive healthcare by promoting holistic well-being and lifestyle modifications. Many CAM practices focus on improving overall health and addressing underlying imbalances rather than just treating symptoms. This can be particularly beneficial for chronic conditions or those related to lifestyle factors.
Thirdly, CAM providers can serve as valuable partners in integrative healthcare models, where conventional and complementary approaches are combined for comprehensive patient care. Collaborative efforts between CAM providers and mainstream healthcare professionals can lead to a more patient-centered and holistic approach to treatment.
However, it is important to ensure that CAM providers adhere to appropriate standards of practice, undergo proper training, and are regulated to ensure patient safety and quality of care. Collaboration, communication, and knowledge-sharing between CAM providers and conventional healthcare professionals are essential for promoting an inclusive and well-rounded healthcare system.
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Question 27 What is the name of the jovial, faithful, superstitious, and ignorant African American stereotype that dominated early American Culture? Mammy O Sambosa Ο Ο Ο Ο Sambo Jezebel
The name of the jovial, faithful, superstitious, and ignorant African American stereotype that dominated early American culture is "Sambo."
The stereotype of "Sambo" emerged during the era of slavery and was perpetuated through various forms of media, literature, and entertainment in early American culture. The character of Sambo was often depicted as a caricature of African Americans, portraying them as childlike, docile, and simple-minded individuals. The term "Sambo" became associated with derogatory portrayals that reinforced racial stereotypes and reinforced the subordination of African Americans.
The Sambo stereotype served to dehumanize African Americans and justify their enslavement and marginalization in society. It perpetuated harmful narratives that depicted African Americans as inferior, reinforcing racial hierarchies and promoting the idea of white supremacy. The stereotype also contributed to the justification of systemic racism and discrimination against African Americans, limiting their opportunities for social and economic advancement.
It is important to recognize and challenge such stereotypes, as they have had long-lasting effects on the perception and treatment of African Americans. Promoting understanding, equality, and respect for all individuals, regardless of their race or ethnicity, is crucial in dismantling stereotypes and working towards a more inclusive and just society.
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Match the description with appropriate Greek Mythological Figure. Zeus's child known for war. I am known for cheating on my wife Hera a lot. I sprang fully-grown, in armor, from my Father's head. I am Zeus's son with a mortal woman. I am Persophone's mother. I was kidnapped into the underworld and became its Queen. I am a gentle goddess, known for prophecy, who told the human Deucalion and Pyrrha how to replenish the earth after Zeus sent the flood. I stole fire from the gods and gave it back to the humans. A. Demeter B. Prometheus C. Themis D. Ares E. Hercules F. Athene G. Zeus H. Persephone
A. D - Ares, Ares is Zeus's child known for war. He is often depicted as a fierce and violent god associated with conflict and battle. His role in Greek mythology is closely tied to warfare and he is considered the personification of the destructive aspects of war.
B. G - Zeus
Zeus is known for cheating on his wife Hera. He had numerous affairs with both gods and mortal women, resulting in the birth of many famous figures in Greek mythology. Despite his infidelity, Zeus was the king of the gods and the ruler of Mount Olympus.
C. B - Athena
Athena sprang fully-grown, in armor, from her father Zeus's head. She is the goddess of wisdom, strategic warfare, and craftsmanship. Athena is often portrayed as a wise and skilled warrior, associated with strategic thinking and civilized arts.
D. H - Persephone
Persephone is the daughter of Zeus and Demeter. She was kidnapped by Hades, the god of the underworld, and became the Queen of the Underworld. Persephone's abduction and subsequent return from the underworld are central to the myth explaining the changing seasons.
E. A - Demeter
Demeter is Persephone's mother. She is the goddess of agriculture, harvest, and fertility. Demeter is often depicted as a gentle and nurturing goddess, responsible for the growth of crops and the cycle of life and death in nature.
F. C - Themis
Themis is a gentle goddess known for prophecy. She is often associated with divine law, justice, and order. Themis played a role in advising and guiding humans, including the mythological characters Deucalion and Pyrrha, on how to restore the earth after Zeus sent a devastating flood.
G. B - Prometheus
Prometheus stole fire from the gods and gave it back to humans. He is known for his cleverness and is considered the creator of humankind. Prometheus's act of stealing fire was seen as a rebellious act against the gods, and he suffered severe punishment as a result.
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In this chapter we discus government and politics - This discussion board is about different forms of government around the world and in our country. Your book describes different forms of government in Chapter 17 on pages 380- 383. The ones defined in your book are: anarchy, monarchy, oligarchy, dictatorship, and democracy. Choose one of the four forms of government (not anarchy) and find some countries today that describe themselves as one of these forms of government. After finding an example, compare that form of government to the one we have in our country - the U.S. Democracy. Describe the positive and negative aspects of both types of governments in your comparison.
Dictatorships, exemplified by countries like North Korea, offer efficient decision-making, stability, and the ability to implement long-term plans. However, they come with severe drawbacks such as limited political freedom, human rights abuses, and the risk of corruption.
On the other hand, democracies like the United States prioritize political participation, individual rights, and checks and balances. Nonetheless, democracies can face challenges of slow decision-making, political polarization, and vulnerability to populism.
One form of government that is prevalent in various countries today is dictatorship. A dictatorship is characterized by a single ruler who holds absolute power and authority over the government and the lives of the citizens. In a dictatorship, the ruler typically attains and maintains power through force, suppression of opposition, and control over the media and other institutions.
One example of a country with a dictatorship is North Korea, where the late Kim Jong-il and currently his son, Kim Jong-un, have held authoritarian rule for several decades. In North Korea, the ruling regime exercises strict control over all aspects of society, stifles dissent, and limits personal freedoms and human rights.
When comparing a dictatorship to the democratic form of government in the United States, several notable differences emerge. In a democracy like the United States, power is vested in the people, who exercise their authority through elected representatives. Here are some positive and negative aspects of both types of governments:
Positive aspects of a dictatorship:
1. Efficient decision-making: In a dictatorship, decisions can be made quickly and implemented without prolonged debate or bureaucratic processes. This can be advantageous in times of crisis or when swift action is required.
2. Stability and order: Dictatorships often prioritize maintaining law and order, which can result in relative stability and security within the country.
3. Ability to implement long-term plans: Dictators can push through their agendas without much opposition or the need to cater to public opinion, which may enable them to implement long-term plans.
Negative aspects of a dictatorship:
1. Lack of political freedom: Citizens under a dictatorship have limited or no say in the government and lack the freedom to express dissenting views or participate in the decision-making process.
2. Human rights abuses: Dictatorships are notorious for violating human rights, suppressing opposition, and curtailing individual freedoms such as freedom of speech, assembly, and press.
3. Risk of corruption and nepotism: Absolute power can lead to corruption, favoritism, and the concentration of wealth and resources in the hands of the ruling elite.
Positive aspects of a democracy (such as the United States):
1. Political participation and representation: Democracies provide avenues for citizens to participate in the decision-making process through voting, running for office, and engaging in public discourse. This allows for a more inclusive and diverse representation of the population.
2. Protection of individual rights: Democracies generally uphold and protect individual rights and freedoms, including freedom of speech, assembly, religion, and press.
3. Checks and balances: Democratic systems often have mechanisms in place to prevent the abuse of power, such as separation of powers, an independent judiciary, and a free press, which can hold the government accountable.
Negative aspects of a democracy:
1. Slow decision-making: The democratic process involves deliberation, debate, and compromise, which can lead to slower decision-making compared to a dictatorship.
2. Political polarization and gridlock: Democracies may face challenges in reaching consensus, especially when there are deep ideological divisions, which can result in gridlock and hinder effective governance.
3. Vulnerability to populism: Democracies are susceptible to populist leaders who exploit public sentiment for personal or political gain, which can undermine the democratic process and institutions.
It is important to note that this is a general comparison and not an exhaustive analysis of each form of government or the specific circumstances within each country.
Governments can vary significantly in their implementation and characteristics, and the experiences of individuals within these systems can differ widely.
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1.
Within the human species, what determines whether an individual is more r-selected or K-selected? Impacts
In biology, organisms are categorized as either r-selected or K-selected based on their adaptation to specific environmental conditions. K-selected organisms are well-suited to stable environments, while r-selected organisms thrive in unstable or changing environments.
K-selected organisms are characterized by being long-lived, slow-growing, and producing few offspring. They invest significant energy in each offspring, ensuring their survival in a stable and predictable environment. These organisms have a lower growth potential but are better equipped to handle competition for resources and maintain a steady population size.
On the other hand, r-selected organisms, also known as opportunistic species, exhibit traits suitable for unstable environments. They have a short lifespan, fast growth rate, and produce a large number of offspring. These organisms invest minimal energy in each offspring, as the emphasis is on maximizing reproductive output rather than ensuring individual survival. Their populations tend to fluctuate widely due to unpredictable environmental factors.
The determination of whether an individual is more r-selected or K-selected depends on various environmental factors. These factors include resource availability, population density, environmental stability, competition for resources, generation length, predation pressure, disease and parasitism, and dispersal opportunities.
Each factor plays a role in shaping an organism's reproductive strategy and survival chances in its particular ecological niche. The interplay of these factors contributes to the observed differences in reproductive patterns and life history strategies between r-selected and K-selected organisms.
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