Fenestrations are responsible for the permeability of the glomerulus by making the capillaries leaky.
Fenestrations are the small multiple openings on any surface. These fenestrations are also present in glomerulus that acts as the trans-cytoplasmic hole for the passage of fluids across the glomerular capillary wall.
Glomerulus is the network of fine capillaries which is a part of the nephron in kidneys. These are the filtering units of the kidneys that filter to blood to produce urine. The glomerulus is supported by a structure called Bowman's capsule, which is a cup-shaped structure. There are present three types of cells in the glomerulus: Endothelial cells, Smooth muscle cells and specialized muscle cells.
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Decide whether the statements below about the body's first line of defence are true or false. If you think that they are TRUE, record the letter in the answer. (Use upper case, no commas and keep them in the order of the statements).
A) Most pathogens have to get inside a person's body to spread infection. Once in the body, they have ideal living conditions: food, water, warmth.
B) The skin is the body's physical natural barrier. It covers part of the body and protects it from physical damage, microbe infection, and dehydration.
C) One form of defence is the hydrochloric acid in our lungs, which destroys microorganisms when swallowed and protects against food poisoning.
D) The body has defences in place to try to stop the invading pathogens. These include the skin, digestive system, and respiratory system.
*2 points
Answer:
D) The body has defences in place to try to stop the invading pathogens. These include the skin, digestive system, and respiratory system.
Which is most likely an example of a heat source?
1. Lake Ontario on a clear fall night
2. an iceberg in the North Atlantic Ocean
3. a desert waterhole on a sunny summer day
4. a Rocky Mountain glacier in August
Answer:
I feel its no. 3 a desert waterhole on a sunny summer day
21. For each bone shape, list the type of ossification that usually occurs during
its development:
a) long bones
b) flat bones
c) irregular
where is dna gyrase normally positioned as it changes positively supercoiled dna into negatively supercoiled dna in the replicating circular, bacterial chromosome?
DNA gyrase is normally positioned as it changes positively supercoiled DNA into negatively supercoiled DNA in the replicating circular, bacterial chromosome : It travels along DNA ahead of the replication fork.
What is DNA gyrase?DNA gyrase is an enzyme in the class of topoisomerase and is a subclass of Type II topoisomerases that reduces topological strain in ATP dependent manner whereas double-stranded DNA is being unwound by elongating RNA-polymerase or by helicase in front of progressing replication fork.
DNA gyrase is an important bacterial enzyme that catalyzes ATP-dependent negative super-coiling of double-stranded closed-circular DNA. Gyrase belongs to the class of enzymes that is known as topoisomerases, involved in the control of topological transitions of DNA.
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Someone please help me!
Answer:
It's A
Explanation:
Trust.
In 1988, james hansen projected future warming trends. He used 3 different scenarios, identified as a, b, and c. Each represented different levels of greenhouse gas emissions. All three indicated a strong cause and effect relationship between observed temperatures and human emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Greenhouse gas emissions are at the center of almost all climate change concerns. What are the likely effects of increasing greenhouse gas emissions on the ecosystem? select all that apply.
Answer:
extinction
Explanation:
depletion in some of the sources of energy
which of these biomes receives the least amount of rainfall, and therefore has low primary production, nutrient-poor soil, and plant species that are adapted for water storage?
Deserts receive the least amounts of rain, which results in low primary output, poor soil fertility, and native species that are specialized for water storage.
What's an example of a biome?Three types of biomes—territorial, freshwater, and marine—can be distinguished. Grasslands, deserts, and tropical woods all belong to the terrestrial biome category. Large lakes, tropical and subtropical coastal rivers, and temperate coastal rivers are examples of freshwater biomes. Polar freshwaters are another.
The most significant biome is, what?The most significant of all biomes is certainly the aquatic one. A significant natural resource is their medium, water. Numerous species spend all or a portion of their lives in water, which is the source of all life and the means by which it is sustained. Our drinking water and water for agriculture irrigation come from freshwater biomes.
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Where would antibodies be found in the blood?
A. Dissolved in plasma
B. Surface of platelets
C. Surface of erythrocyte
Antibodies be found in Dissolved in plasma
Where do the antibodies reside in the blood?Proteins called antibodies are present in plasma. They are a component of your body's defense mechanisms. Your immune system is notified when they detect alien objects, such as pathogens, and it then eliminates them.Plasma contains antibodies, which are proteins. The natural defenses in your body include them. As soon as they detect foreign objects, such as pathogens, they notify your immune system, which then eliminates them. On the outer layer of red blood cells, antigens are protein molecules.The plasma, the upper liquid layer, is composed primarily of water (90%) and other compounds necessary for osmotic load regulation, pH regulation, and bodily protection. The coagulation factors and antibodies are also present in the plasma.To learn more about antibodies refer to:
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Speckled chicken, created by parent with feather of two different color (ome black and ome White). What are thee chicken an example of?
Hello Kevin,
Here is my answer to your wonderful question down below.
Answer:
Speckled chickens are an example of genetic diversity and codominance.
Explanation:
Meiosis allows genetic diversity since the mother and father have different-colored feathers. If the two mate, then the outcome of the chicken will either be fully black, fully white, or speckled. The chance of having a speckled chicken from parents that are different colors is high.
If you are talking about genetics, codominance refers to a kind of inheritance in which two variants (alleles) of the same gene are expressed separately to produce distinct features in an organism.
I hope you find this explanation and answer useful.
Warm Regards, and Happy Holidays!
What are 8 mineral rocks that make up the earths crust
Answer: 1. Quartz
2. Potassium feldspars
3. Pyroxenes
4. Plagioclase feldspars
5. Nonsilicates
6. Clays
7. Mica
8. Amphiboles
a bomb calorimeter can provide a close approximation for the amount of energy that will be produced by the body through the process of metabolism.
True, The amount of energy that will be generated by the body throughout the process of metabolism can be roughly predicted using a bomb calorimeter.
What consumes the majority of the daily overall energy expenditure?The biggest daily energy expenditure is determined by the body's BMR (50–80 per cent of your daily energy use). Your body utilizes energy to breakdown the food and liquids you consume as well as to absorb, transport, and store their contents. This process is known as the thermogenic effect of food (also known as thermogenesis).
Which of the following is a plausible justification for men having a higher BMR than women?Lean body mass is often higher in men. Because men typically have greater lean body mass than women do, gender has an impact on basal metabolic rate (BMR).
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Which class of molecules functions as chemical signals? A:water B:carbohydrates C:hormones D:proteins
Answer:
HOMONE(especially lignand)
Explanation:
Chemical signals between cells are called ligands. A ligand is a molecule that binds another specific molecule. In the case of cell signaling, the ligand binds a receptor, a protein in or on the target cell. Examples of ligands include hormones and neurotransmitters.
i hope this helped
The pull of Jupiter on its moons is a _________ force.
Answer:
the answer will be the Contact
Explanation:
hope this helps youWhich of the following methods explains how the atmosphere close to the ground warms up due to land and
air particles bouncing off one another and transferring heat?
O Composition
O Conduction
O Convection
O Radiation
When air particles absorb heat from ground particles, convection occurs and the earth warms the air above it.
How does energy get from the earth to the atmosphere?
Energy is transported from the Earth's surface to the atmosphere in a variety of processes, including radiation, conduction, and convection. Conduction is one of the three main ways that heat energy is transferred. The other two ways that heat is transmitted are through radiation and convection.
The heated surface of the earth heats both the air it comes into touch with and the air above it, creating convective air currents. As a result of heating, the atmosphere expands, reducing atmospheric pressure everywhere. The cooler regions' thick atmosphere causes air from those areas to start moving toward the warmer regions, producing "winds."
As a result, Convection is the appropriate response.
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Check every statement about cells that is true. Cells come in different shapes and sizes. All cells perform the same function in a multicellular organism. Cells are considered the basic structural unit of life. Cells are found in every living thing. Check every statement about the use of energy by living things that is true. Plants perform chemical reactions that require energy. Animals can use energy from the sun to produce their own food. Plants receive their energy from water in the soil. Animals can receive their energy by consuming plants or other animals.
The correct statement about cells are:
Cells come in different shapes and sizes.
Cells are considered the basic structural unit of life.
Cells are found in every living thing.
What are cells ?Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus but still have a nucleoid region, while eukaryotic cells do. Cells fall into either of these two categories. In contrast to eukaryotes, which can be either single-celled or multicellular, prokaryotes are single-celled organisms.
The smallest unit of life in biology, comprising all living things as well as the body's tissues. The cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm are the three major structural components of a cell. A cell's membrane, which encloses it and regulates what enters and leaves it, controls the flow of chemicals.
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Which organic compounds are needed for the synthesis of the plasma membrane, contain a large amount of stored energy, and have been linked to cardiovascular diseases?.
The organic compounds that needed for the synthesis of the plasma membrane, contain a large amount of stored energy and linked to cardiovascular disease is LIPID.
Lipid and its functionLipid is an organic compound which is insoluble in water. It is including fats and oils (triglycerides), phospholipids, waxes and steroids. Each type of lipid contribute to some vital processes, however associated with a certain disease.
Lipids are an essential structure of the plasma membrane. According to the fluid mosaic model, the plasma membrane is a mosaic of carbohydrate, lipid and proteins. The plasma membrane require lipids as a semi-permeable barrier between a cell and its environment. There are 3 types of membrane lipid molecules : phospholipids, cholesterol and glycolipids. A phospholipid is made of glycerol, 2 fatty acid tails and phosphate-linked head group. These structures form two layers with its tails pointing inward because they are amphipathic. This arrangement called a phospholipid bilayer. Within the body, lipids function as an energy reserve. Lipid provide 9 calories per gram, so they contain more energy than carbohydrates or protein which has 4 calories per gram. That’s why low-fat diets are recommended for weight loss. Some of lipids are healthier than others. Like unsaturated fats, may provide some health benefits but saturated fats and trans fats are harmful to our health. Eating higher amount of this fats is linked to elevated LDL level which increases risk of cardiovascular disease.Learn more about cell membrane by clicking this linkhttps://brainly.com/question/14871353
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check all that apply when there is an increase in aldosterone secretion in response to an increase in renin by the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
There is an increase in aldosterone secretion in response to an increase in renin by the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
Potassium secretion increases.Sodium reabsorption increases.Macular compact cells detect changes in the potassium concentration of fluid within the DCT lumen. Calcium is a substance that is regulated by absorption. Indicates whether each of the following substances is reabsorbed from or excreted into the filtrate.
The female urethra is shorter than the male. As plasma osmolarity decreases the glomerular filtration rate increases. Aldosterone stimulates the distal tubule and proximal collecting duct to reabsorb Na+ and water and excrete K+.
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Describe how high-energy electrons are ultimately responsible for driving the reactions of photosynthesis.
The high-energy electrons help in the transformation of NADP and ADP into NADPH and ATP in the light-dependent reactions. And this is how they contribute in driving the reactions of photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis is the process of capturing the sunlight energy in order to prepare food for the plant. This occurs in two phases in the plants: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reaction.
The light-dependent reaction is the one that captures the sunlight energy in order to excite an electron that helps in the synthesis of usable form of energy for the plant. This energy form is then used in the light-independent reactions for the synthesis of food.
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which would be the best genetic marker to select for the most number of recombinants and kill the f- strain?
The strain brought on by steric repulsion between A and B is then known as F-strain. B-strain is the strain that A's complexation causes in B due to changes in its geometry.
What is F strain?The C-N-C bond angle contracts when it forms a complex with an acid (A), and the B-strain is the result of the enhanced repulsive forces between the methyl groups (inside B). Steric repulsion between B and A is the F-strain.
A bacterium having a conjugative plasmid (such as the F-factor) incorporated into its chromosomal DNA is known as a high-frequency recombination cell (Hfr cell), sometimes known as a Hfr strain.
Homologous recombination is how the plasmid is incorporated into the cell's chromosome. Another name for a conjugative plasmid that can integrate chromosomes is an episome (a segment of DNA that can exist as a plasmid or become integrated into the chromosome).
Therefore, The strain brought on by steric repulsion between A and B is then known as F-strain. B-strain is the strain that A's complexation causes in B due to changes in its geometry.
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Experiments with genetically altered mice showed that the mice would consume abnormally high amounts of bitter-tasting compounds in water after their _____.
Experiments with genetically altered mice displayed that the mice consumed an unusually high amount of bitter taste compounds in water after their sweet taste cells were altered to express receptors for bitter tastants.
It was also deduced from this experiment that the sensation of taste depends solely on which taste cell is activated.
Studies using genetically modified mice showed that when their sweet taste cells was changed to produce receptors for bitter tastings, the animals drank an extraordinarily high amount of such bitter taste chemicals from water.
The expression of bitter taste buds in sweet-taste cells suggests that the taste perception is solely dependent on the taste cell that was stimulated.
The correct answer will be option (d).
The question is incomplete. the complete question is:-
Experiments with genetically altered mice displayed that the mice consumed an unusually high amount of bitter taste compounds in water after their:
(1) Hormone receptors for digestive hormones were removed or eliminated, displaying that bitter taste is strengthened by digestive responses,
(2) Salt taste cells were altered to express receptors for bitter tastants, proposing that animals have an uncontrolled appetite for salt,
(3) Visual sense was diminished or eliminated, proposing that mice grasp visual signals regarding bitter taste,
(4) Sweet taste cells were altered to express receptors for bitter tastants, proposing that the sensation of taste depends solely on which taste cell is activated.
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The inheritance pattern of one gene will not affect the inheritance pattern of another gene. This is known as(1 point).
The inheritance pattern of one gene will not affect the inheritance pattern of another gene is known as the Principle of Independent Assortment.
This principle describes the random inheritance of genes that are present in independently reproducing organisms, and they separate when they develop. It was developed by Mendel and he explained it with the help of peas. It normally occurs due to meiosis in eukaryotic cells.
This happens normally when chromosomes are divided into various genes. It mentions the genetic inheritance from both parents. It helps in recombination.
Recombination is a process that breaks and recombines DNA to form new genes. Independent assortment takes place during metaphase one in meiosis.
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what is the transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the environment and the bloodstream in the lungs called?
The process of breathing involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
What is the term for the exchange of gases between the blood and the body's cells?The process through which gases are exchanged between blood and bodily tissues is called diffusion. Blood carries respiratory gas to every cell in the body. Even the most remote areas of the body's tissue are supplied with blood flow by tiny capillaries.
What does gas exchange mean between the blood and tissues and between the lungs and blood?The circulation receives oxygen from the lungs during gas exchange. The blood and lungs exchange carbon dioxide at the same time. This occurs in the lungs between a network of microscopic blood arteries known as capillaries and the alveoli.
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Where is a complete copy of DNA found in an animal's body?
A. In nearly every cell nucleus
B. Outside the nucleus of every cell
C. Only in specialized cells
D. Only in unspecialized cells
Answer: A
Explanation: it is contained within each cell
Organism a is eukaryotic, unicellular, and lacks a cell wall. Organism b is eukaryotic, multicellular, has cell walls, and is autotrophic. In which kingdoms should these organisms be classified?.
Kingdom Plantae contains species that are autotrophs and have a cellulose cell wall, whereas kingdom Animalia contains organisms that are heterotrophs and lack a cell wall. C is the right response.
An organism that consumes other plants or animals for energy and nutrients is referred to as a heterotroph. The word comes from the Greek terms hetero, which means "other," and trope, which means "nourishment." Based on how they receive their energy and nutrients, organisms are divided into two general categories: heterotrophs and autotrophs. Because they can manufacture their own food from basic materials and energy, autotrophs are referred to as producers. Examples include trees, algae, and some bacterial species. Heterotrophs are referred to as consumers because they eat other consumers or producers. Heterotrophs include animals like dogs, birds, fish, and people.
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what are the methods of ossification that occur in the development of the skeletal system?
The two kinds of bone ossification are endochondral and intramembranous. Each of these procedures starts with a precursor of mesenchymal tissue, but they differ in how that precursor develops into
What sort of tissues are mesenchymal?Cartilage: Collagen constitutes the majority of cartilage. In a cartilaginous matrix, chondrocytes are produced by chondroblasts, which are the source of this substance. Although robust, it is highly dense and strong. The chondrocytes, which are present within an extensive matrix in adult cartilage that has formed, are few in number.
Where does mesenchymal tissue reside?While essential to formation during development, mesenchyme is typically a transitory tissue that is absent from adult organisms. Mesenchymal stem cells are the one exception, which are sporadicy present in marrow, lipids, muscles, and the dental pulp of infant teeth.
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phenylketonuria is an inherited disease caused by a recessive allele. if a woman and her husband are both carriers, what is the probability that their first child will have the disease?
The answer is ¼. Probability of having a child with a healthy phenotype: Aa x Aa = 3/4 Healthy (half AA, half Aa): 1/4 affected (aa). The sickness will affect one or more of the three kids. All potential outcomes' probabilities must sum up to 1.
If both of them are carriers, PKU must be a hereditary condition with a recessive gene, and the parents must be heterozygotes (Pp).
Pp x Pp
The phenotypes of the genotypes PP and Pp would be typical. The PKU disease's phenotype would be expressed by the genotype pp. Phenylketonuria is a genetic condition known as PKU, and those with it have excessive quantities in their blood. The phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene mutation is to blame for this. The gene is in charge of the body's breakdown of phenylalanine.
Carriers are heterozygous people who have one copy of the trait's dominant allele and one copy of its recessive allele. The likelihood that kids from two heterozygous individuals would have either a homozygous recessive or dominant genotype is 25% for each. whereas there is a 50% chance of getting heterozygotes.
So, we can say the answer is 1/4. Chance of having a child with a phenotype that is healthy: Aa x Aa = 3/4 Healthy: 1/4 impacted (half AA, half Aa) (aa). One or more of the three children will be impacted by the illness. Probabilities of all possible outcomes must equal 1.
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original DNA: TACTTTAATCCCAAATTTACT DNA: TACTATAATCCCAAATTTACT mRNA: ? amino acid: ? what type of mutation is this: ?
Original DNA Sequence: TACTTTAATCCCAAATTTACT
Mutated DNA Sequence: TACTATAATCCCAAATTTACT
mRNA Sequence: ATGGAACCGCTGGTGA
Amino acid sequence: UACCUUGGCGACCACU
The type of mutation is Frameshift mutation.
What is frameshift mutation?
The disruption of a DNA sequence's triplet reading frame due to an insertion or deletion involving base pairs that are not multiples of three. A frameshift mutation causes the codons read after the mutation to code for alternative amino acids. The first stop codon (UAA, UGA, or UAG) that is met in the sequence will likewise be altered by the frameshift mutation.
What is mutation?
A mutation is a change to an organism's DNA sequence. Errors in DNA replication during cell division, exposure to mutagens, or viral infection can all cause mutations.
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in cats, short fur is dominant over long fur. if two cats that are both homozygous dominant for fur length are bred, which combination of offspring best represents the likely outcome of the cross?
7 short fur, 3 long fur of offspring best represents the likely outcome of the cross
What is dominant and recessive trait ?Even if there is only one copy of the dominant trait, it is always expressed when the connected allele is dominant. Only when the connected alleles are both recessive do recessive traits manifest. The associated trait is less likely to manifest if one of the alleles is dominant.
Dominant traits, to put it simply, are characteristics that are more frequently expressed and noticed in the population. Recessive traits, It is a trait brought about by a recessive gene. An expression-suppressing dominant gene is referred to as a recessive gene.
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Organism a is eukaryotic, unicellular, and lacks a cell wall. Organism b is eukaryotic, multicellular, has cell walls, and is autotrophic. In which kingdoms should these organisms be classified?.
The Kingdom Animalia stands apart among them due to the presence of multicellular bodies, a heterotrophic source of nutrition, eukaryotic cells, and cells without a cell wall.
The five Kingdom system has been used to group all creatures into these five categories. The Kingdom Animalia stands out among them due to the presence of multicellular organisms, a heterotrophic mode of nutrition, eukaryotic cells, and cells without a cell wall.
Members of the kingdom Monera include unicellular prokaryotic BGA and bacteria. Algae, every type of protozoa, and eukaryotic unicellular organisms are all included in the Protista kingdom. The kingdom fungus includes multicellular heterotrophic eukaryotes with chitinous cell walls. Kingdom Plantae is home to autotrophic organisms with cellulose cell walls while kingdom Animalia is home to heterotrophic animals without one.
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two species of closely related squirrels both feed on acorns produced by oak trees. one species feeds exclusively near the top of the tree and the other feeds exclusively toward the bottom of the tree. this is an example of
Two species of closely related squirrels both feed on acorns produced by oak trees. One species feeds exclusively near the top of the tree and the other feeds exclusively towards the bottom of the tree. This is an example of resource partitioning.
Resource partitioning is the division of resources in an ecosystem to avoid interspecific competition for limited resources. It is an evolutionary adaptation that allows different species to coexist in the same ecological community. Resource partitioning studies aid in determining the impact of adding or removing a species from a specific habitat on the functioning of an ecosystem.
Organisms in an ecosystem require resources such as nutrients and habitats to grow, reproduce, and survive. In a habitat, there are limited resources for which all organisms compete. An ecosystem is home to thousands of species and is rich in biodiversity.
Interspecific and intraspecific competition are the two main types of competition. Interspecific competition is resource competition between individuals of different species, whereas intraspecific competition is competition within a species. Similar species have similar needs and compete for the same resources.
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