The immune response involving the transformation of B - cells into plasma cells that produce and secrete antibodies to a specific antigen. It develops in bone marrow.
Advantages of Humoral response
Humoral immunity develops quickly than cell mediated immunity.Extracellular microorganisms and there poisons are targeted by humoral immunity.Humoral immunity is considered to play an important role in MS pathogenesis.Disadvantages of Humoral response
humoral immunity involves a set of molecular components and processes that differ from cell-mediated immunity.Requires expensive robotics for printing arrays.Learn more about Humoral immunity here:
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Why is less energy needed for reaction to occur when enzyme is present?
Answer:
enzymes don't affect the free energy of the reactants or products
Explanation:
That is, they don't change whether a reaction is energy-releasing or energy-absorbing overall. That's because enzymes don't affect the free energy of the reactants or products. Instead, enzymes lower the energy of the transition state, an unstable state that products must pass through in order to become reactants.
How does the central nervous system integrate incoming information.
Answer: Impulses
Explanation: Impulses are brought together creating sensations either adding to memory or helping produce thought that translate sensations into perceptions
Please please answer my question if you see it please
Two cultures, each containing a different species of bacteria, were exposed to the same antibiotic. explain how, after exposure to this antibiotic, the population of one species of bacteria could increase while the other population of the other species of bacteria decreased or was eliminated. *
The antibiotic was effective only against the bacteria species that decreased or was eliminated, but ineffective against the population that increased.
What are antibiotics?
When talking about antibiotics we refer to drugs or medicine used to treat infections caused by bacteria. They act to impede bacteria reproduction and eliminate them.
Antibiotics only act on bacteria, not viruses or other microorganisms, which means that they will only have an effect on affections caused by bacteria.
Also, not any antibiotic can be used to treat any bacterial affection. The antibiotic that must be used depends on the bacteria species. Each bacteria has its own properties, and hence, they respond to different drugs.
Antibiotics are grouped according to their chemical structure, properties, action spectrum, and the type of bacteria they attack.
According to this information, since each antibiotic is effective only against certain bacteria, we could assume that,
the antibiotic used in the experiment did not have any effect on the population of bacteria that could increase
the antibiotic was effective against the other bacteria species, causing its population to decrease or be eliminated.
The antibiotic was effective only against one of the bacteria species -the population that decreased or was eliminated- but ineffective against the other population.
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What is most likely the reason Earth moves in an orbit around the sun?
Group of answer choices
Because the sun remains in motion with respect to Earth
Because Earth and the sun exert a weak gravitational pull on each other
Because Earth exerts a stronger pull on the sun than the sun exerts on Earth
Because the sun's mass creates a gravitational force that pulls Earth towards it
Answer:
because the suns mass creates a gravitational force that pulls the earth towards it
Weismann cut the tails of many generations of mice, bred them, and observed what their offspring looked like. What do you think he found? Does this support Lamarck or Darwin's ideas
Answer:
no se wey
Explanation:
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There is an initial population size of 11; after 3 births, 4 deaths, 2 immigrations
and 5 emigrations---what is the remaining population size?
6
7
8
9
None of the above
Answer:
7
Explanation:
Population size of 11
After 3 births
4 deaths
2 immigrations
5 emigrations
11+3-4+2-5=7
Outline the top down effects on bacteria in the four mesocosms
The Outline of the top-down effects on bacteria in the four mesocosms is
Zooplankton is bacterivores that help keep bacteria populations in Check. Ingestion of zooplankton by fish leads to a rise in bacteria levels. What are mesocosms?Generally, mesocosms are defined as any outdoor experimental system that investigates the natural environment in a controlled setting and may be thought of as a mesocosm.
In conclusion, Overview of top-down influences on bacterial growth in four mesocosms
To put it another way, zooplankton is bacterivores that play a role in maintaining a healthy bacterial balance.
Fish-eating zooplankton may cause an increase in bacteria in the water.
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the shape of a protein molecule is determined by what?
Answer: I belive that the shape of a protein is determined by its primary structure (sequence of amino acids). The sequence of amino acids in a protein is determined by the sequence of nucleotides in the gene (DNA) encoding it.
In algae and plants photosynthesis happens in the?
. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of life?
a. Breathes air to survive
b. Can move and respond to stimuli
c. Grows and develops over lifetime
d. The ability to reproduce
Answer:
c
Explanation:
Grows and develops over lifetime cannot be considered as a characteristic of life.
Characteristics of Life
Can move and respond to stimuliBreathes air to surviveThe ability to reproduceA 2000kg vehicle travelling 30m/s takes 10s what force did the vehicle experience
A.-7000 km•m/s2
B.-6000km•m/s2
C. -5000km•m/s2
D.-8000km•m/s2
The average force vehicle experiences is 6000N. The correct option is B.
What is Newton's second law of motion?It states that the force F is directly proportional to the acceleration a of the body and its mass.
F =ma
Given is a 2000kg vehicle travelling 30m/s takes 10s.
It takes t = 10s to come to rest, then the acceleration will be
a = velocity /time
a = 30/(10)
a = 3 m/s²
According to the Newton's second law of motion.
F = 2000 kg x 3 m/s²
F =6000 N
Thus, the average force vehicle experiences is 6000N.
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Is it possible to see the Milky Way from Earth or do we need satellites?
Answer:
Yes, we can see it from Earth. Not the entire thing, but everywhere you look you can see the Milky Way. To see the entire thing, you would need to take a panoramic picture using huge telescopes, both on Earth and in space.
Explanation:
We're already in the Milky Way.
If the following mRNA strand were produced during transcription, what amino
acids would be found in the protein?
CAUGGUGGCUACGGG
The table below shows which amino acid results from each codon.
Amino acids
Glycine
Histidine
Tyrosine
Codons
GGU
CAU
UAU
GGC
CAC
UAC
GGA
GGG
• A. Glycine-histidine-histidine-tyrosine-histidine
• B. Histidine-glycine-glycine-tyrosine-glycine
• c. Glycine-histidine-glycine-glycine
D. Histidine-glycine-glycine- glycine
Answer:
Histidine, Glycine, Glycine, Tyrosine, Glycine
Explanation:
Answer B
identify a process that could cause a new pesticide resistant gene to appear in a mosquito population (short written response)
URGENT
State two reasons why some molecules can pass through a certain membrane, but other molecules can not.
Answer:
Molecules with bigger charge or size can not pass through every membrane but other molecules can.
1. bigger size
2. bigger charge
3. electronegativity
Explanation:
Hope this helps you!
Explain what is meant by "flight or fight" response. In your answer, describe the role played by the
endocrine system, physical changes in the body and how the changes help the individual to fight or
flee
Answer:
The meaning fight or flight means if your in a fight you either fight or you run from it which would mean flight
Explanation:
Flight or fight is a way of saying you have 2 things you could do either run away from the problem/fight or face the problem/fight the fight
Letter "E" in the diagram of the enzyme controlled reaction represents the
The activation energy stands as a sort of a barrier between reactants and products and is shown by the letter E.
What is activation energy?The activation energy is the energy that must be supplied in order for a reaction to proceed forward.
The activation energy stands as a sort of a barrier between reactants and products and is shown by the letter E in a diagram of an enzyme controlled reaction.
Enzymes tend to decrease the activation energy by providing an alternative path for the reaction.
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Evolution A) can happen whenever any of the conditions for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are not met B) requires the operation of natural selection C) must happen, due to organisms' innate desire to survive D) must happen whenever a population is not well adapted to its environment.
Answer:
The correct answer would be A. Can happen whenever any of the conditions for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are not met.
help...
The graph shows projected changes in the populations of the world. Based on the information in the graph, wich region is expected to have the least population growth over the period shown.
Europe
Asia
Africa
Australia
Based on the graph the region expected to have the least population growth will be Australia.
Graphical illustrationsLooking at the given graph the population size of each region starts at a lower point and ends at a higher point on the graph between the years 1950 and 2050.
The change in the population also varies depending on the scale on the y-axis. Australia has the lowest scale which lies between somewhere above 10 and 50.
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The process that divides dna equally between two daughter cells is called
interphase
mitosis
cytokinesis
o the cell cycle
The process of mitosis divides DNA equally between two daughter cells, i.e., option B is correct.
What is mitosis?Mitosis is a way of dividing cells in which the chromosome number remains the same as in parent cells, this is why it is also referred to as equational division.
Mitosis is the process by which a cell separates its duplicated DNA, eventually separating its nucleus in half.
Thus, the correct option is B.
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If some members of a bird population had been able to escape Guam and colonize another island, which genetic concept would likely have happened
The genetic concept which would likely have happened when a bird population that escaped Guam and colonized another island is species colonization.
What is species colonization?Species colonization is a process in which new species spread to new geographical areas and subsequently colonize the area.
The bird population that escaped Guam and colonized another island is an example of species colonization.
Therefore, the genetic concept which would likely have happened when a bird population that escaped Guam and colonized another island is species colonization.
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Some organisms exhibit flexibility in terms of their energy harvesting reactions. If provided with oxygen, they will obtain energy through aerobic respiration. If in an environment without oxygen, they will turn to fermentation to satisfy their energy needs. These organisms are classified as
These types of organisms are classified as facultative aerobes.
What do you mean by aerobic respiration?In order to create energy from food, cells must engage in a process known as aerobic respiration, which occurs when there is an oxygen gas present.
An organism that uses anaerobic respiration to produce ATP is known as a facultative aerobes. Although these bacteria need oxygen to survive, they may also exist without it. Despite being able to exist in the presence of oxygen, some creatures do not require it. By fermenting, they produce ATP. Aerobic respiration is how they produce ATP.
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Blank respiration allows some organisms to live in
environments or niches where there is no oxygen.
Answer:
it’s called the anaerobic respiration
Explanation:
The anaerobic respiration is the answer. I think it’s this because, the anaerobic respiration is supposed to help organisms be able to live in environments where there isn’t any oxygen. This is why I think that aerobic respiration should be the answer.
Earth’s global average temperature is 14°C. Explain one change that can be made in this sim, that will dramatically increase the temperature.
Answer:
This graph illustrates the change in global surface temperature relative to 1951-1980 average temperatures. Nineteen of the hottest years have occurred since 2000, with the exception of 1998, which was helped by a very strong El Niño. The year 2020 tied with 2016 for the hottest year on record since record-keeping began in 1880 (source: NASA/GISS). This research is broadly consistent with similar constructions prepared by the Climatic Research Unit and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
The time series below shows the five-year average variation of global surface temperatures. Dark blue indicates areas cooler than average. Dark red indicates areas warmer than average.
The “Global Temperature” figure on the home page dashboard shows global temperature change since 1880. One gets this number by subtracting the first data point in the chart (-0.16°C) from the latest data point (0.85°C).
Pretest: Unit 3
Question 27 of 32
In cellular biology, what is the definition of the word specialized?
A. Adapted to a specific function or condition
B. A structure within a eukaryotic cell that performs a specific
function
C. Containing unique DNA
D. Carried across the cell membrane by a specific protein
Adapted to a specific function or condition is the definition of the word specialized. Thus, the correct option is A.
What is specialised cells?
Specialized cells are cells in the body that have specific structures and functions.
Different tissue types, such as muscular tissue and nerve tissue, are formed by specialized cells working together in groups. Organs are made up of tissues that work together to accomplish a certain function in the body. The following is a list of some organs and their functions in the human body.
The heart is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body.The brain is responsible for processing and transmitting information throughout the body.Stomach: The stomach is in charge of digestion.The liver detoxifies the blood and processes glucose.Pancreas - The pancreas aids digestion and helps regulate blood sugar.For more information regarding specialized cells, visit:
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State two arguments people might make for not preserving botana curus.
The two-argument people might make for not preserving botana curus are they take a long time to grow, so it may not be worth the effort; there are organisms that are similar, and it may be expensive.
What is botana curus?Botana curus is a precious plant because it yields Carol, a substance that can be used to treat cancer.
Curol cannot be manufactured in a lab. Botana curus grows slowly and is an endangered species, so its ability to produce large amounts of Curol is limited.
Thus, the two arguments are they take a long time to grow, so it may not be worth the effort and there are organisms that are similar, and it may be expensive.
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What is the difference between class crustacean and class Arachnidan?
Answer:
The main difference between arachnids and crustaceans is the type of habitat they live for instance crustaceans live in an aquatic environments but archanids live on lands
See the file attached!!
i hope my handwriting is understandable...
Which of the following are Phylogenetic trees also know as ?
I need help this is Cells
Which structure is it??
A
B
C
D