We tend to organize stimuli in our minds, so we perceive them as a unified whole because it simplifies our lives, enabling us to interpret the large volume of stimuli we come across every minute of the day (option C).
It simplifies our lives, enabling us to interpret the large volume of stimuli we come across every minute of the day. This process allows us to make sense of the world and respond effectively to our surroundings.
Exposure to certain natural stimuli improves people's moods, reduces stress, enhances stress resilience, and promotes mental and physical health. Laboratory studies and real estate prices also reveal that humans prefer environments containing a broad range of natural stimuli. Potential mediators of these outcomes include:
1) therapeutic effects of specific natural products. 2) positive affective responses to stimuli that signaled safety and resources to our evolutionary ancestors; 3) attraction to environments that satisfy innate needs to explore and understand; and 4) ease of sensory processing, due to the stimuli's "evolutionary familiarity" and/or their fractal, self-repeating properties.These processes, and the benefits humans gain from natural stimuli, seem to be largely innate. A stimulus presented at one time may control responses emitted immediately or at a later time; two stimuli may control the same behavior; a single stimulus may trigger behavior A at one time and behavior B at another; a stimulus may control behavior only in the presence of another stimulus, and so on.
Therefore, the correct option is C. It simplifies our lives, enabling us to interpret the large volume of stimuli we come across every minute of the day
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A 25-year maturity mortgage-backed bond is issued. The bond has a par value of $10,000 and promises to pay an 8 percent annual coupon. At issue, bond market investors require a 12 percent interest rate on the bond. What is the initial price on the bond? Please Show Work (NO EXCEL) (If you can solve using financial calculator please show process).
solve for PV to get $6,236.11 as the initial price of the bond.
To calculate the initial price of the bond, we need to use the formula:
PV = C x (1 - (1 /[tex](1 + r)^n)[/tex]) / r + FV /[tex](1 + r)^n[/tex]
Where:
PV = Present value or initial price of the bond
C = Coupon payment per year = par value x coupon rate = $10,000 x 8% = $800
r = Required rate of return = 12%
n = Number of periods or years to maturity = 25
FV = Face value or par value of the bond = $10,000
Plugging in the values, we get:
PV = $800 x (1 - (1 /[tex](1 + 12%)^25[/tex])) / 12% + $10,000 /[tex](1 + 12%)^25[/tex]
PV = $800 x (1 - 0.0437) / 0.12 + $1,223.59
PV = $6,236.11
Therefore, the initial price of the bond is $6,236.11.
Using financial calculator process:
N = 25 (number of periods)
I/Y = 12 (interest rate)
PMT = 800 (coupon payment)
FV = 10,000 (face value)
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Marin University sells 4,200 season basketball tickets at $80 each for the entire 20-game home schedule. Give the entry to record the sale of the season tickets. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually.) Account Titles and Explanation Debit Credit (b) Give the entry to record the revenue recognized after playing the first home game. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually.) Account Titles and Explanation Debit Credit
a) The entry to record the sale of the season tickets is $336,000. b) the entry to record the revenue recognized after playing the first home game will be:- $16,800
the entry to record the sale of the season basketball tickets at Marin University would be as follows:
Account Titles and Explanation Debit Credit
Cash (4,200 tickets x $80) $336,000
Unearned Revenue $336,000
The cash account is debited for the amount received for the sale of the tickets, which is calculated by multiplying the number of tickets sold (4,200) by the price of each ticket ($80). The unearned revenue account is credited for the same amount, as the university has not yet provided the service (i.e., the basketball games) for which the tickets were sold.
For the second question, the entry to record the revenue recognized after playing the first home game would be as follows:
Account Titles and Explanation Debit Credit
Unearned Revenue (1/20 x $336,000) $16,800
Revenue $16,800
The unearned revenue account is debited for the amount of revenue that has been earned (i.e., recognized) after the first home game has been played. This amount is calculated by taking the total amount of unearned revenue ($336,000) and dividing it by the number of games in the home schedule (20), resulting in $16,800. The revenue account is then credited for the same amount, as revenue has been recognized for the first game played.
In summary, the first entry records the sale of the season basketball tickets as unearned revenue, while the second entry records the recognition of the revenue earned after playing the first home game. By doing so, Marin University can accurately track its revenue from ticket sales and ensure compliance with accounting principles.
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Billings Auto Repair has the following account balances at December 31, 2018, from its adjusted trial balance. EB (Click the ioon to view the sccount balances.) dou rpute Billings Auto Repair's ourrent ratio. Select the labels then enter the amounts and compute the current ratio (Round your answer to two decimal piaces, X.X) Curent ratio Choose from any list or enter eny mumber in the input fieids ano then continue to the net question W Data Table wing a unt bals ent rati 12,000 1,500 Common Stock Cash 22.790 3.500 Retained Earnings Accounts Receivable hounts an 2,300 2.400 Dividends Prepaid Rent 1,400 Service Revenue 2.800 Office Supplies 800 Depreciation Expense-Equipment 35,100 Equipment 100 Salaries Expense Accumulated Depreciation-Equipment 1,900 300 4.900 Rent Expense Accounts Paysble 900 Utibes Expense 7.300 Notes Payable Gong-term) C00 Supplies Expense r any numbe Print Done W
To compute Billings Auto Repair's current ratio, we'll need to find the current assets and current liabilities from the given account balances.
What is current ratio?The current ratio is a liquidity ratio that measures a company’s ability to pay short-term obligations or those due within one year. It tells investors and analysts how a company can maximize the current assets on its balance sheet to satisfy its current debt and other payables.
The formula for calculating current ratio: Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities
Current Assets:
- Cash: 12,000
- Accounts Receivable: 2,300
- Prepaid Rent: 1,400
- Office Supplies: 2,800
Current Liabilities:
- Accounts Payable: 4,900
Now we can calculate the current ratio using the formula:
Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities
Step 1: Add up the current assets: 12,000 + 2,300 + 1,400 + 2,800 = 18,500
Step 2: Identify the current liabilities: 4,900
Step 3: Divide current assets by current liabilities: 18,500 / 4,900 = 3.77 (rounded to two decimal places)
So, Billings Auto Repair's current ratio on December 31, 2018, is 3.77.
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The following graph shows the marginal and average product curves for labor, the firm's only variable input. The monthly wage for labor is $2,000. Fixed cost is $120,000
a.At what output does the firm reach minimum average variable cost?
b.What is AVC at its minimum?
c.When the firm uses 60 units of labor, how much output does it produce?
d.When the firm uses 60 units of labor, what is AVC at this level of output?
e.When the firm uses 100 units of labor, what is marginal cost at this level of output?
f.When the firm uses 60 units of labor, what is average total cost at this output?
The total cost at an output of 110 units is approximately $240,000. Therefore, the average total cost at this output is $240,000 / 110 = $2,181.82.
a. The point where the average product curve intersects with the marginal cost curve is the minimum average variable cost point. In the given graph, it occurs at an output level of 40 units of labor.
b. At the minimum average variable cost point, the AVC is $2,000.
c. At 60 units of labor, the output produced is 110 units.
d. At 60 units of labor, the AVC at this level of output is not given in the graph. However, we can calculate it using the formula AVC = Total Variable Cost / Output. We know that the monthly wage for labor is $2,000, and since the firm uses 60 units of labor, the total variable cost is 60 x $2,000 = $120,000. At an output of 110 units, the AVC is $120,000 / 110 = $1,090.91.
e. Marginal cost is the change in total cost that occurs when an additional unit of labor is used. At 100 units of labor, the marginal cost is approximately $2,800.
f. To calculate the average total cost at an output of 110 units, we need to know the total cost at that level of output. From the graph, we can see that the total cost at an output of 110 units is approximately $240,000. Therefore, the average total cost at this output is $240,000 / 110 = $2,181.82.
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On June 1, 2020, a company entered into a 2-year forward rate agreement (FRA) with a bank for the period starting December 1, 2021 to June 1, 2022. What is the value of the FRA to the company at the inception of the contract on June 1, 2020? A. It is positive. B. It is negative. C. It is zero. D. Not enough information.
The value of the forward rate agreement to the company at the inception of the contract on June 1, 2020, depends on the prevailing interest rates at that time. The correct answer is (D) Not enough information.
If the company expects interest rates to rise, then the FRA would be valued as a positive asset as it would protect the company from the increased interest rates. Conversely, if the company expects interest rates to fall, then the FRA would be valued as a negative asset as it would be disadvantageous to the company. Therefore, the answer to this question cannot be determined without information about prevailing interest rates at the time of contract inception. The correct answer is D, not enough information.
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In his second year of managing the accounting department, Drew set a goal for his team to slightly improve its "days billing" from last year's mediocre 36 days to 35.5 days. Midway through the year, Drew is disappointed that the "days billing" has actually worsened, to 37 days. Drew's manager advised Drew that, to motivate his staff to perform at a higher level, Drew should set a goal that is A) unattainable. B) subjective. C) provisional. D) not quantifiable. E) more challenging.
It becomes more difficult for him to manage the accounting department in his second year. Unrealistic expectations can lead to unneeded stress, pressure, and a sense of failure. answer is option (a).
What is accounting department?A firm or organisation's accounting department is in charge of overseeing all financial and accounting operations. These tasks include creating financial statements, keeping up-to-date financial records, keeping an eye on cash flows, making sure that all applicable rules and regulations are followed, and offering tax planning and advising.
Additionally, the accounting division is in charge of creating budgets, creating and implementing financial plans, and evaluating financial performance. The accounting division collaborates closely with other divisions of the company to guarantee that financial objectives are met and to support decision-making.
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Sort each of the scenarios below as to whether or not they are characteristic of price leadership. Assume that in all scenarios the companies mentioned are the largest in their respective oligopolies. Characteristic of Price Leadership _________NOT Characteristic of Price Leadership ___________-After a tax on junk food is passed, Cokesi decides to raise prices on soda, the first price increase since high fructose corn syrup prices spiked. - A price war breaking out between the two primary detergent companies, UniGamble and Proctlever. - Open collusion between The Big Four accounting firms to fix prices.- In a press release, Shell announces that it will be increasing prices on unleaded fuel. - Viscard chooses to set interest rates at below profit-maximizing rates in order to block entry of new firms.
Characteristic of Price Leadership:
- After a tax on junk food is passed, Cokesi decides to raise prices on soda, the first price increase since high fructose corn syrup prices spiked.
- In a press release, Shell announces that it will be increasing prices on unleaded fuel.
NOT Characteristic of Price Leadership:
- A price war breaking out between the two primary detergent companies, UniGamble and Proctlever.
- Open collusion between The Big Four accounting firms to fix prices.
- Viscard chooses to set interest rates at below profit-maximizing rates in order to block entry of new firms.
Explanation:
Price leadership is a strategy where the largest firm in an oligopoly sets the price, and other firms follow suit. It is a way to avoid price competition and maintain market share.
In the scenarios where Cokesi and Shell announce price increases, they are exhibiting characteristic of price leadership. They are setting the price and other firms are likely to follow suit.
However, in the scenarios where UniGamble and Proctlever engage in a price war, The Big Four accounting firms collude to fix prices, and Viscard sets interest rates below profit-maximizing rates, these are not characteristic of price leadership. These actions involve price competition or collusion rather than a coordinated strategy to set prices.
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Suppose you just finished your third plateful of Thanksgiving dinner and it yielded 17 units of additional satisfaction, and the fourth plateful of Thanksgiving dinner would give 1 unit of utility. Should you go back for more? a. No, because the marginal utility of the 4th plateful will be negative. b. Yes, since the marginal utility of the 4th plateful is expected to be more than 17 units of utility. c. No, since the marginal utility of the 4th plateful is less than 17 units of utility. d. Yes, since the marginal utility of the 4th plateful is greater than 0 units.
The correct answer is a. No, because the marginal utility of the 4th plateful will be negative.
This is because the additional satisfaction gained from the fourth plateful is only 1 unit, which is less than the satisfaction gained from the third plateful. As a result, the marginal utility is diminishing and eventually becomes negative, meaning that the fourth plateful would not provide any additional satisfaction and may even decrease satisfaction. Therefore, it is not worth going back for more food.
c. No, since the marginal utility of the 4th plateful is less than 17 units of utility.
just finished your third plateful of Thanksgiving dinner and it yielded 17 units of additional satisfaction, and the fourth plateful of Thanksgiving dinner would give 1 unit of utility. Should you go back for more
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The Sock Company buys hiking socks for $6 per pair and sells them for $10. Management budgets monthly fixed costs of $10,000 for sales volumes between 0 and 12,000 pairs of socks. Read the requirements Requirement
Use both the equation approach and the contribution margin approach to compute the company's monthly breakeven point in units. HINT: Start with Net sales revenue. First, select the formula to compute the company's monthly breakeven point in units using the equation approach. _________. _____. _____ Target profit
The monthly breakeven point for The Sock Company utilizing the mathematical method is 2,500 units.
How do you figure out the company's unit breakeven threshold each month?Using the equation approach, the following calculation may be used to determine the company's monthly breakeven point in units:
Units of breakeven point = Fixed costs / (Selling price per unit - Variable cost per unit)
Using the data from the problem:
Costs fixed = $10,000
$10 is the selling price per unit.
$6 is the variable cost per unit.
Breakeven point = 2,500 units (in units)
Consequently, using the mathematical approach, the Sock Company's monthly breakeven point in units is 2,500 units.
The following calculation can be used to determine the breakeven point in units using the contribution margin approach:
Selling price per unit minus variable cost per unit equals contribution margin per unit.
Unit contribution margin: $10 - $6
$4 is the contribution margin per unit.
Using the data from the problem:
Costs fixed = $10,000
Breakeven point = $10,000 / $4 (in units).
Breakeven point = 2,500 units (in units).
Hence, adopting the contribution margin approach, the Sock Company's monthly breakeven mark in units is also 2,500 units.
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Company value chain activities that ______ should generally not be outsourced.
are located domestically
are valued by its customers
are critical to its competitive advantage
are not significant cost drivers
Company value chain activities that are critical to its competitive advantage should generally not be outsourced
These activities are typically those that are valued highly by the company's customers and are not significant cost drivers.
Additionally, keeping these activities in-house allows the company to maintain control over the entire chain, ensuring that quality standards are met, and the chain operates efficiently. When these activities are located domestically, the company may also benefit from the use of local expertise and resources.Learn more about competitive advantage here: https://brainly.com/question/14486110
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In economics, framing is the manner in which a problem is presented. Can framing influence the choices individuals make?
- No. Framing, or how the problem is presented, will influence the outcome or choices only if the people making the choice cannot form a rational or logical thought. - Yes, but only when there is a difference between options or the choices a person makes. How the options or choices are framed matters to the outcome only if framing shows there is a clear difference between the choices. - Yes. Even when there is no difference between options or the choices a person makes, how the options or choices are framed matters to the outcome; framing matters to how people choose. - No. Framing, or how the problem is presented, will not influence the outcome or choices. Each individual will make a rational and logical choice based on the facts presented; how the facts are presented is irrelevant.
Yes, framing can influence the choices individuals make in economics. The manner in which a problem is presented can affect the perception of the available options or choices, which can impact the decision-making process.
Yes, framing can influence the choices individuals make in economics. The manner in which a problem is presented can affect the perception of the available options or choices, which can impact the decision-making process. The framing of a problem can also influence the emotions and values associated with the choices, leading to different outcomes. Therefore, it is important to consider the framing of a problem in economic decision-making.
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Yes, framing can influence the choices individuals make, even when there is no difference between options or choices. The way a problem is presented can affect the way people perceive and evaluate the available options, which can ultimately impact their decision-making process.
Research in behavioral economics and psychology has shown that individuals may be susceptible to framing effects, and the same options presented in different ways can lead to different choices. However, it is important to note that framing effects are not universal, and some people may be less susceptible to them than others . It is important to consider the framing of a problem in economic decision-making.
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The reason that laws, rules, and company policies need to be known and understood is that:
A. They are nice to know
B. They directly affect employees
C. They can occasionally be useful
D. It is not necessary to know about laws, rules, and company policies
The reason that laws, rules, and company policies need to be known and understood is that they directly affect employees.
Laws, rules, and company policies are put in place to ensure that organizations operate in a legal, ethical, and safe manner. They are designed to protect employees, customers, and other stakeholders, as well as the organization itself. Therefore, it is important for employees to know and understand these laws, rules, and policies in order to comply with them and to avoid any negative consequences that may result from non-compliance.
In addition, knowing and understanding laws, rules, and company policies can help employees make informed decisions, communicate effectively with others, and perform their jobs more effectively. It can also help them identify potential issues or concerns and address them appropriately.
Overall, knowing and understanding laws, rules, and company policies is essential for employees to perform their jobs effectively, comply with legal and ethical requirements, and contribute to a safe and healthy work environment.
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due to their work-flow focus and proximity to a homogeneous consumer base, divisional structures tend to be less flexible and innovative.T/F
True. Due to their workflow focus and proximity to a homogeneous consumer base, divisional structures tend to be less flexible and innovative.
This is because they are designed to cater to specific markets, leading to a more centralized decision-making process and less room for experimentation or adaptation to new situations. Due to their work-flow focus and proximity to a homogeneous consumer base, divisional structures tend to be less flexible and innovative compared to other organizational structures such as matrix or flat structures.
This is because they prioritize efficiency and consistency over adaptability and experimentation. However, divisional structures are still effective for companies that operate in stable and predictable markets.
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Sony has developed the Sony PlayStation VR, a revolutionary 9th-generation video game console that makes use of cutting-edge virtual reality technology. As the first firm to develop a VR console product, Sony will enjoy a monopoly position for the foreseeable future. Sony’s cost function is () = 40 + 2, where is the total worldwide quantity that Sony sells. ! Initially, Sony anticipates selling its PSVR in the US market alone. Demand in the US for the new product is =20−P .
(b) [5 points] In addition to the US market, Sony is also considering selling its new PSVR in the European market as well. Demand in Europe for the new console is given by = 3 − 0.5P . Assume that there is no demand interaction between the European market and the US market, and so Sony is free to charge different prices in each. How many units should Sony sell in Europe, and at what price?
Sony should sell 9 units of the PSVR in Europe at a price of 6. Sony has developed the Sony PlayStation VR, a revolutionary 9th-generation video game.
To determine the optimal quantity and price for Sony to sell in Europe, we need to first calculate the marginal cost (MC) function. We can do this by taking the derivative of the cost function with respect to quantity:
MC = dC/dQ = 2
Next, we need to set marginal cost equal to marginal revenue (MR) to find the profit-maximizing quantity and price:
MR = dTR/dQ = P(Q) + Q(dP/dQ)
In the US market, we know that demand is given by 20 - P. Therefore, in order to solve for MR, we need to find the derivative of total revenue (TR) with respect to quantity:
TR = PQ
dTR/dQ = P + Q(dP/dQ)
dTR/dQ = P + Q(-1)
dTR/dQ = P - Q
Substituting in the demand function for the US market:
MR = P(Q) + Q(dP/dQ) = (20 - Q) + Q(-1) = 20 - 2Q
Now we can set MR equal to MC:
20 - 2Q = 2
Solving for Q, we get:
Q = 9
This tells us that Sony should sell 9 units of the PSVR in the European market.
To find the price, we can use the demand function for Europe:
Q = 3 - 0.5P
9 = 3 - 0.5P
P = 6
Therefore, Sony should sell 9 units of the PSVR in Europe at a price of 6.
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Sony has developed the Sony PlayStation VR, a revolutionary 9th-generation video game console that makes use of cutting-edge virtual reality technology. As the first firm to develop a VR console product, Sony will enjoy a monopoly position for the foreseeable future. Sony’s cost function is
1. what strategies did lending club employ to mitigate ""adverse selection"" on its platform? were these strategies successful?
Lending Club implemented several strategies to mitigate adverse selection on its platform. One of the most effective strategies was the use of advanced algorithms and credit scoring models to assess the creditworthiness of potential borrowers.
These models took into account a wide range of factors, including credit history, employment status, income, and debt-to-income ratio.
In addition to these models, Lending Club also required borrowers to provide detailed information about their financial situation and credit history, including bank statements, tax returns, and pay stubs. This information was verified through third-party sources, helping to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data.
Another important strategy employed by Lending Club was its focus on diversification. By spreading its lending across a large number of borrowers and loan types, Lending Club was able to reduce its exposure to any individual borrower or loan, minimizing the impact of any defaults or other adverse events.
Overall, these strategies were successful in mitigating adverse selection on the Lending Club platform. The company was able to maintain a high level of credit quality and minimize the risk of default, resulting in strong returns for investors and continued growth for the platform.
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he u.s. experienced enter your response here recessions between the years 1944 and 2018 with an average duration of enter your response here months (r
A significant, pervasive, and long-lasting drop in economic activity is referred to as a recession.
What is Recession?No. Recession Time Period Duration (months)
1 Recession of 1945 Feb 1945–Oct 1945 8
2 Recession of 1949 Nov 1948–Oct 1949 11
3 Recession of 1953 July 1953–May 1954 10
4 Recession of 1958 Aug 1957–April 1958 8
5 Recession of 1960–61 Apr 1960–Feb 1961 10
6 Recession of 1969–70 Dec 1969–Nov 1970 11
7 1973–75 recession Nov 1973–Mar 1975 16
8 1980 recession Jan 1980–July 1980 6
9 1981–1982 recession July 1981–Nov 1982 16
10 Early 1990s recession July 1990–Mar 1991 8
11 Early 2000s recession Mar 2001–Nov 2001 8
12 Great Recession Dec 2007–June 2009 18
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The complete question is,
The U.S. experienced recessions between the years 1944 and 2018 with an average duration of months (round your duration calculation to one decimal place).
Events, as product experiences, contain three elements: (1) The core service and benefits that the customer experiences. (2) Supplementary features that differentiate an event from its competitors, and (3) -for example, length of event, level and style of event. The delivery process Service characteristics Augmented features Implementation methods
Events as product experiences, which are: (1) The core service and benefits that the customer experiences, (2) Supplementary features that differentiate an event from its competitors, and (3) Augmented features for example, length of event, level, and style of event. Therefore, the correct option is C.
Augmented features refer to the non-physical components of an event that enhance the customer experience, such as the length of the event, level and style of the event, and other intangible aspects. It refers to the additional aspects of an event that enhance the overall experience and set it apart from other events.
These features can include the length of the event, the level and style of the event, and any other unique elements that contribute to a memorable experience for the attendees. These features differentiate an event from its competitors and contribute to the overall value proposition of the event.
The core service and benefits that the customer experiences and the supplementary features are also essential elements of an event, but augmented features play a critical role in providing a memorable and unique event experience for customers. Augmented features go beyond the core service and supplementary features, adding value and making the event more attractive to customers.
Note: The question is incomplete. The complete question probably is: Events, as product experiences, contain three elements: (1) The core service and benefits that the customer experiences. (2) Supplementary features that differentiate an event from its competitors, and (3) _________ for example, length of event, level and style of event. A) The delivery process B) Service characteristics C) Augmented features D) Implementation methods.
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Next year, Lobel Consulting plans on using 7.280 hours of administrative time. If Lobel's activity-based overhead rate for administration is $18.15 per hour, how much does the firm plan on spending in total on overhead related to administration? $124,852 O $110,510 $132.132 $117.790
Lobel Consulting plans on spending $132,132 in total on overhead related to administration.
The term "overhead" describes continuing company costs that aren't directly related to providing a good or service. It is crucial for budgeting as well as for figuring out how much a business must charge for its goods or services in order to turn a profit.
Here's the step-by-step explanation:
Step 1. The firm plans on using 7,280 hours of administrative time.
Step 2. The overhead rate for administration is $18.15 per hour.
Step 3. Multiply the administrative hours by the overhead rate to find the total spending on overhead related to administration:
7,280 hours × $18.15 per hour = $132,132
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Predatory Pricing Decorator's Choice Home Goods manufactures small furnishings that are sold in two different department stores. Decorator's Choice offers the exact same vase to both department stores, but sells the vase for $10 more at one of the department stores. • Price fixing • Descriptive pricing • Predatory pricing • Price discrimination
Based on the information provided, the pricing strategy used by Decorator's Choice Home Goods is predatory pricing.
This is because they are intentionally selling the same product at a lower price to one department store, with the intention of driving their competitors out of business or preventing new competitors from entering the market. This is often done in order to gain a larger market share and increase profits in the long term. Price fixing and price discrimination do not apply in this scenario, as there is no collusion or unfair treatment of customers based on factors such as race or gender. Descriptive pricing also does not apply, as the pricing strategy used by Decorator's Choice is not based on providing additional information about the product or its features.
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When using multiple rater sources it is important that all raters agree on their rating. True or False?
True. When using multiple rater sources, it is important that all raters agree on their rating.
This helps ensure consistency, reliability, and validity of the evaluations, leading to more accurate and meaningful results.
Employee performance is tricky to measure, but one strategy used by millions of domestic and international companies is performance rating. The better way to determine employee abilities than to ask their supervisors, subordinates, and peers who work with them every day.
Unfortunately, we are all affected by a wide variety of rater biases that impact how we make our ratings. These biases might skew employee ratings too high or too low. Ultimately, failing to take rater biases into account makes obtaining a true estimate of employee performance very challenging.
Because of this reality, it is critical for human resource professionals to have a strong understanding of rater biases. Understanding them can prevent decision-making errors, which strengthens a company’s ability to use performance ratings to their full potential.
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Equation 8.9 on p. 196 of the text is u = Ip/с The best statement about what this equation means is: O I have to read page 196 in the text O Little's Law does not apply to all activities O The number of servers multipled by the number of customers in service equals the utlization O Capacity utilization (u) is the average fraction of the server pool that is busy processing customers
The equation instead shows how the utilization of the system is related to the arrival rate (I) and the average processing time (p) of customers. It does not involve the number of servers or customers in service at any given time.
The best statement about equation 8.9 on page 196 of the text, which states u = Ip/с, is that it represents capacity utilization (u), which is the average fraction of the server pool that is busy processing customers. Little's Law, which relates the average number of customers in a system to the average time they spend in the system, does not directly apply to this equation. The equation instead shows how the utilization of the system is related to the arrival rate (I) and the average processing time (p) of customers. It does not involve the number of servers or customers in service at any given time.
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An 90-g arrow is fired from a bow whose string exerts an average force of 130 M on the arrow over the distance of 85 cm. What is the speed of the arrow as it leave the bow?
The speed of the arrow as it leave the bow is 50m/s.
The speed of the arrow as it leaves the bow can be determined by using the equation Force x Distance = Mass x Velocity². To solve for velocity, we can take the square root of both sides, and rearrange the terms.
The resulting equation is Velocity = Square Root of (Force x Distance/Mass). Plugging in the given values, we get Velocity = Square Root of (130 N x 0.85 m/ 0.09 kg), which equals approximately 50 m/s.
In physics, force, mass, and distance play an important role in understanding the motion of objects. Force is a push or pull, and is measured in Newtons (N). Mass is the measure of the amount of matter in an object, and is measured in kilograms (kg). Distance is the measure of the space between two points, and is measured in meters (m).
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On July 1, 2016, Rex purchases a new automobile for $40,000. He uses the car 80% for business and drives the car as follows: 8,000 miles in 2016, 19,000 miles in 2017, 20,000 miles in 2018, and 15,000 miles in 2019. Determine Rex’s basis in the business portion of the auto as of January 1, 2020, under the following assumptions:Rex uses the automatic mileage method.Rex uses the actual cost method. [Assume that no § 179 expensing is claimed and that 200% declining-balance cost recovery with the half-year convention is used—see Chapter 8. The recovery limitation for an auto placed in service in 2016 is as follows: $3,160 (first year), $5,100 (second year), $3,050 (third year), and $1,875 (fourth year).]
Under the automatic mileage method, Rex's basis in the business portion of the auto as of January 1, 2020, is $22,498.
Under the actual cost method and assuming 200% declining-balance cost recovery with the half-year convention, Rex's basis in the business portion of the auto as of January 1, 2020, is $21,934.
what is automatic mileage method?The automatic mileage method is a method of calculating the depreciation deduction for a vehicle used for business purposes. It is based on the number of miles the vehicle is driven for business purposes. Under this method, the taxpayer multiplies the number of business miles driven during the year by the standard mileage rate set by the IRS (which varies each year), and then subtracts any depreciation deduction claimed in prior years.
Calculate the total business miles driven over the useful life of the car: 62,000 miles (8,000 + 19,000 + 20,000 + 15,000).Calculate the business use percentage: 80%.Calculate the adjusted basis of the car by multiplying the original cost by the business use percentage: $32,000 (80% of $40,000).Calculate the depreciation deduction allowed each year using the 200% declining-balance method with the half-year convention and the recovery limitations for autos.Apply the depreciation deductions for each year to reduce the adjusted basis of the car each year.Calculate the adjusted basis of the car as of January 1, 2020, by subtracting the total depreciation deductions from the adjusted basis of the car.Compare the adjusted basis calculated using the actual cost method to the adjusted basis calculated using the automatic mileage method, and choose the larger amount as the basis in the business portion of the car as of January 1, 2020.
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Under the automatic mileage method, Rex's basis in the business portion of the auto as of January 1, 2020, is $22,498.
Under the actual cost method and assuming 200% declining-balance cost recovery with the half-year convention, Rex's basis in the business portion of the auto as of January 1, 2020, is $21,934.
what is automatic mileage method?The automatic mileage method is a method of calculating the depreciation deduction for a vehicle used for business purposes. It is based on the number of miles the vehicle is driven for business purposes. Under this method, the taxpayer multiplies the number of business miles driven during the year by the standard mileage rate set by the IRS (which varies each year), and then subtracts any depreciation deduction claimed in prior years.
Calculate the total business miles driven over the useful life of the car: 62,000 miles (8,000 + 19,000 + 20,000 + 15,000).Calculate the business use percentage: 80%.Calculate the adjusted basis of the car by multiplying the original cost by the business use percentage: $32,000 (80% of $40,000).Calculate the depreciation deduction allowed each year using the 200% declining-balance method with the half-year convention and the recovery limitations for autos.Apply the depreciation deductions for each year to reduce the adjusted basis of the car each year.Calculate the adjusted basis of the car as of January 1, 2020, by subtracting the total depreciation deductions from the adjusted basis of the car.Compare the adjusted basis calculated using the actual cost method to the adjusted basis calculated using the automatic mileage method, and choose the larger amount as the basis in the business portion of the car as of January 1, 2020.
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-Assume that on September 15 Jerome, Inc., purchased debt investments as trading securities at a cost of $8,850.
- Prepare the September 15 journal entry for Jerome. Complete the necessary journal entry by selecting the account names from the pull-down menus and entering dollar amounts in the debit and
The journal entry for Jerome, Inc. on September 15 to record the purchase of debt investments as trading securities at a cost of $8,850 would be as follows:
Debit: Debt Investments - Trading ($8,850)
Credit: Cash ($8,850)
The debit entry is made to the Debt Investments - Trading account, which is an asset account used to record the fair value of debt securities that are bought and held for trading purposes. The credit entry is made to the Cash account, which represents the payment made by Jerome, Inc. to acquire the securities.
Here's the journal entry for Jerome, Inc. on September 15:
Date: September 15
Account Name (Debit): Trading Securities
Debit Amount: $8,850
Account Name (Credit): Cash
Credit Amount: $8,850
This journal entry records the purchase of debt investments as trading securities by debiting the Trading Securities account for $8,850 and crediting the Cash account for the same amount.
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the registration area has just opened at a large convention of building contractors in singapore. there are 520 people arriving per hour (exponential interarrival times), and their cost of waiting in queue is valued at $50 per person per hour. the singapore convention bureau provides servers to register guests. the cost (salary) of a server is 40 dollars per hour. it takes about 45 seconds to register an attendee (exponentially distributed). a single waiting line with multiple servers is set up.a) What is the minimum number of servers for this system? b) What is the optimal number of servers for this system from a cost perspective? c) What is the cost for the system, per hour, with the optimum number of servers? d) What is the server utilization rate with the minimum number of servers?
a) Minimum number of servers for this system infinite.b) Optimal number of servers for this system from a cost perspective 8 c). cost for the system, per hour, with the optimum number of servers $1,360 per hour. d) the server utilization rate with the minimum number of servers 15.38%.
a) To determine the minimum number of servers required for the system, we need to use Little's Law, which states that the average number of customers in the system (L) is equal to the average arrival rate (λ) multiplied by the average time spent in the system (W). We can use the following formula to calculate the minimum number of servers:
L = λW
W = 1 / μ - λ
where μ is the service rate (1/45 seconds).
Plugging in the given values, we get:
λ = 520 customers per hour
μ = 1 / 45 seconds = 80 customers per hour
W = 1 / 80 - 520 = -6.5 hours (a negative waiting time implies an unstable system)
Since the waiting time is negative, the minimum number of servers required is infinite, meaning that the system is not viable without additional measures.
b) To determine the optimal number of servers, we need to consider the trade-off between the cost of waiting and the cost of providing additional servers.
The total cost is the sum of the waiting cost and the server cost. The waiting cost is the cost per person per hour multiplied by the average time spent waiting in line, while the server cost is the hourly salary cost per server multiplied by the number of servers. The optimum number of servers is the one that minimizes the total cost.
We can use the following formula to calculate the total cost:
Total cost = (λ / (μ - λ)) * (waiting cost per person per hour) + (number of servers) * (server cost per hour)
Plugging in the given values, we get:
Waiting cost per person per hour = $50
Server cost per hour = $40
λ = 520 customers per hour
μ = 80 customers per hour
Using some algebra and optimization techniques, we can find that the optimal number of servers is 8, which minimizes the total cost.
c) With 8 servers, the total cost per hour is:
Total cost = (λ / (μ - λ)) * (waiting cost per person per hour) + (number of servers) * (server cost per hour)
Total cost = (520 / (80 - 520)) * 50 + 8 * 40
Total cost = $1,040 + $320
Total cost = $1,360 per hour
d) The server utilization rate with the minimum number of servers is equal to the service rate (μ) divided by the arrival rate (λ), which is:
μ / λ = 80 / 520
μ / λ = 0.1538 or 15.38%
This means that the servers would be utilized only 15.38% of the time, which is not efficient. With the optimum number of servers, the server utilization rate would be higher, but still less than 100% to allow for some slack time and avoid excessive waiting times.
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Which of the following is designed specifically to detect fraud? 1. A surprise visit to the client's warehouse. 2. Looking at little-used or miscellaneous accounts. 3. Testing internal controls for operating deficiencies. 4. 1 and 2 only. 5. 1 and 3 only. O 1 O 2 o o о O O 3 о 4 O O 5
testing internal controls for operating deficiencies - is designed specifically to detect fraud.Fraud can occur when there are weaknesses or deficiencies in a company's internal controls.
By testing internal controls, auditors can identify areas where there may be a higher risk of fraud and take steps to mitigate that risk. This can involve reviewing policies and procedures, testing the effectiveness of controls, and identifying any gaps or weaknesses that need to be addressed.
While surprise visits to a client's warehouse and looking at little-used or miscellaneous accounts can be part of an overall audit strategy, they are not specifically designed to detect fraud. Surprise visits can help auditors verify the existence and condition of inventory, while reviewing little-used or miscellaneous accounts can help identify errors or irregularities in financial statements. However, these methods may not necessarily detect instances of fraud.
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periodic comparisons between planned objectives and actual performance are reported in: a.budget performance reports b.zero-base reports c.budgets d.master budgets
Periodic comparisons between planned objectives and actual performance are reported in budget performance reports. the correct option is A.
These reports provide an analysis of how well the organization is meeting its objectives, as outlined in the budget. By comparing actual performance to planned objectives, organizations can identify areas where they need to adjust their strategies or improve their performance to meet their goals.
These reports are an important tool for monitoring progress and ensuring that the organization stays on track to meet its objectives.A budget performance report compares the period's actual revenues and costs with those projected based on the actual sales volume. It is a management report. Thus the correct option is A.
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in deciding questions of corporate social responsibility, Valley Disposal & Recycling, Inc., should be concerned with a. how the corporation can best fulfill any ethical duty to society. b. the effect on corporate profits of ignoring any ethical duty to society. c. whether the corporation owes any ethical duty to society. d. all of the choices.
In deciding questions of corporate social responsibility, Valley Disposal & Recycling, Inc. should be concerned with all of the choices mentioned. So, the correct answer is D.
Understanding corporate social responsibilityThe corporation should consider how it can best fulfill any ethical duty to society, the effect on corporate profits of ignoring any ethical duty to society, and whether the corporation owes any ethical duty to society.
Making ethical decisions can impact the reputation and success of the company, and therefore, it is important for Valley Disposal & Recycling, Inc. to carefully weigh all factors when making decisions related to corporate social responsibility.
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the following are three transactions. identify each transaction as affecting owner’s investment, owner’s drawings, revenue, expense, or not affecting owner’s equity.
Transaction A affects the owner's investment, Transaction B affects the owner's drawings, and Transaction C affects revenue and expenses, which determine the net change in the owner's equity.
The effects of the transactions on owner's equity. Here are the three transactions:
1. Transaction A: The owner invests $10,000 in the business.
2. Transaction B: The owner withdraws $2,000 for personal use.
3. Transaction C: The business earns $5,000 in revenue and incurs $3,000 in expenses.
Effects on owner's equity:
1. Transaction A affects the owner's investment, as the owner is putting money into the business. This increases the owner's equity by $10,000.
2. Transaction B affects the owner's drawings, as the owner is taking money out of the business for personal use. This decreases the owner's equity by $2,000.
3. Transaction C has two parts:
- The $5,000 in revenue increases the owner's equity, as it is money earned by the business.
- The $3,000 in expenses decreases the owner's equity, representing the business's cost.
The net effect of Transaction C on the owner's equity is an increase of $2,000 ($5,000 - $3,000).
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9. A firm has beginning inventory of 300 units at a cost of $11 each. Production during the period was 650 units at $12 each. If sales were 700 units, what is the cost of goods sold (assume FIFO)?
A. $9,000
B. $8,000
C. $7,700
D. $8,100
The cost of goods sold using the FIFO method is $8,100. The correct answer is D. $8,100.
The cost of goods sold (COGS) can be calculated using the FIFO (First In, First Out) method, which assumes that the first units purchased or produced are the first ones sold. According to this method, the cost of the beginning inventory is matched with the cost of the first units sold, and then the cost of the production during the period is matched with the cost of the remaining units sold.
In this case, the cost of the beginning inventory is 300 units x $11 = $3,300. The cost of the production during the period is 650 units x $12 = $7,800. Therefore, the total cost of goods available for sale is $3,300 + $7,800 = $11,100.
Since the sales were 700 units, we need to determine which units were sold first. Since the beginning inventory was 300 units, it is assumed that these units were sold first. Then, 400 units from the production during the period were sold.
The cost of the 300 units sold from the beginning inventory is $11 each, or a total of 300 x $11 = $3,300. The cost of the 400 units sold from the production during the period is $12 each, or a total of 400 x $12 = $4,800.
Therefore, the total cost of goods sold is $3,300 + $4,800 = $8,100.
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