Answer:
The corporate debt market is where companies go to borrow cash. And for over a decade, super-low interest rates left over from the 2008 financial crisis have made borrowing easier and easier. Since then, U.S. companies have regularly offered up bonds for sale, taking advantage of the cheap access to cash.
Explanation:
Hope this helps you
You own a small manufacturing business that produces widgets. You have spent $150,000 acquiring the fixed assets you need to produce widgets. Each widget costs you $2 to make and they sell for $15 each, so your variable cost is 13.3% of the overall revenue. At your current level of operating leverage, how many widgets must you sell to break even
Answer:
11,538 units
Explanation:
Given that:
Fixed assets = $150,000
Variable cost = $2
Sales price = $15
Break even point = Fixed cost ÷ Contribution margin
Contribution margin = Sales per unit - Variable cost per unit = $15 - $2 = $13
Break even point (Sales) = $150,000 ÷ $13 = 11,538 units
Therefore, 11,538 widgets must be sold to break even.
convertible bonds meaning
Answer:
A convertible Bond is a fixed-income corporate debt security that yield interest payments but also can be converted into a predetermined number of common stock or equity shares
All of the following are weaknesses of the payback period: _________
a. it uses cash flows, not income,
b. it is easy to use.
c. it ignores all cash flows after the payback period.
d. it ignores the time value of money.
Answer:
c. it ignores all cash flows after the payback period.
d. it ignores the time value of money.
Explanation:
As the name suggest, the payback period is the period that shows the time period in which the investment money could be paid back
Like we can take an example
Year 0 -$50,000
Year 1 $10,000
Year 2 $10,000
Year 3 $10,000
Year 4 $10,000
Year 5 $10,000
In this, the $50,000 would be paid back in 5 years
Now the weakness is this that it would ignored the cash flows and the times value of money
systems play a key role in helping organizations achieve goals, which are set forth in a(n) statement. Computers can be used by people at all levels of an organization. Workers use information systems to produce and manipulate information. Managers depend on information systems to supply data that is essential for long-term planning and short-term tactical planning. Transaction systems provide an organization with a way to collect, display, modify, or cancel transactions. These systems encompass activities such as general accounting, inventory tracking, and ecommerce. information systems typically build on the data collected by a TPS to produce reports that managers use to make the business decisions needed to solve routine, structured problems. A decision system helps workers and managers make non-routine decisions by constructing decision models that include data collected from internal and external sources. A(n) system is designed to analyze data and produce a recommendation or decision based on a set of facts and rules called a(n) base. These facts and rules can be written using an expert system shell or a programming language. A(n) engine evaluates the facts and rules to produce answers to questions posed to the system. Using a technique called logic, these systems can deal with imprecise data and problems that have more than one solution.
Answer:
The following are those which helps in playing a key role in helping organizations to achieve their goals:
O. Computers can be used by people at all levels of an organization.
O. Workers use information systems to produce and manipulate information.
O. Managers depend on information systems to supply data that is essential for long-term planning and short-term tactical planning.
O. A decision system helps workers and managers make non-routine decisions by constructing decision models that include data collected from internal and external sources.
O. A(n) engine evaluates the facts and rules to produce answers to questions posed to the system.
O. Using a technique called logic, these systems can deal with imprecise data and problems that have more than one solution.
Explanation:
Janice is the sole owner of Catbird Company. In the current year, Catbird had operating income of $100,000, a long-term capital gain of $15,000, and a charitable contribution of $5,000. Janice withdrew $70,000 of profit from Catbird. How should Janice report this information on her individual tax return if Catbird Company is: An LLC? An S corporation? A C corporation?
Answer:
A. LLC
Operating income $100,000
Long-term Capital Gain $15,000
Charitable contribution $5,000
No Effect $70,000
b. S corporation
Operating income $100,000
Long-term Capital Gain $15,000
Charitable contribution $5,000
No Effect $70,000
C. C corporation
Taxable income $110,000
Dividend income $70,000
Explanation:
a. An LLC
Based on the information given She will report the OPERATING INCOME of the amount of $100,000 Schedule C.
LONG-TERM CAPITAL GAIN Schedule D of the amount of $15,000.
Thirdly in a situation where she itemizes, the amount of $5,000 which represent charitable contribution (Schedule A) will be on her tax return
Lastly the amount of $70,000 which represent the amount withdrew from profit would have no effect on her individual tax return.
b. S corporation
Based on the information given she will report the OPERATING INCOME of the amount of $100,000 Schedule E.
LONG-TERM CAPITAL GAIN Schedule D of the amount of $15,000.
Thirdly in a situation where she itemizes, the amount of $5,000 which represent CHARITABLE CONTRIBUTION (Schedule A) will be on her tax return
Lastly the amount of $70,000 which represent the amount withdrew from profit would have no effect on her individual tax return.
c. C corporation
Based on the information given the TAXABLE INCOME of the amount of $110,000 calculated as ($100,000+$15,000-$5,000) will be reported by Catbird Company on FORM 1120 while Janice on the other hand will have to report DIVIDEND INCOME Schedule B of the amount of $70,000 on her tax return.
A portfolio is worth $902,654 and has a duration of 5.77 years. The futures price for a June Treasury note futures contract is 115 and each contract is for the delivery of bonds with a face value of 100,000. On the delivery date the duration of the cheapest to deliver bond is 4.36 years. To hedge the interest rate risk, how many June T note futures do you have to enter short positions on
Answer:
10.39
Explanation:
How many June T note futures do you have to enter short positions on?
The June T note futures we have to enter short positions on is calculated as:
= Portfolio duration*Portfolio value/(Futures price*Face value/100)*1/Duration of cheapest to deliver bond
= 5.77*$902,654 / (115*1000) * 1/4.36
= 5208313.58/115000*0.2293577981651376
= 10.38754204228161
= 10.39
SME Ads Inc. (SME) Steven Monahan owns SME Ads Inc., an advertising agency. At present, the company focuses on advertising only. However, Steven plans to expand the company's focus to include all the major elements of an organization's promotional mix. Steven feels that expanding the focus in such a way will allow the firm to meet customer needs in a more coordinated fashion. Currently, the firm organizes its work according to the media being used. Steven believes this is the most effective way to subdivide advertising. Since television is the most widely used advertising medium, the company spends most of its time on television advertising. SME knows what it takes to get the job done, and it is committed to success. Refer to SME Ads Inc. In developing the advertising campaign for a client, in which of the following steps should SME include the important selling points or features of the client's products?
A) Identifying and analyzing the industry.
B) Defining the advertising objectives.
C) Creating the advertising platform.
D) Determining the advertising appropriation.
E) Developing the media plan.
Answer:
SME Ads Inc.
In developing the advertising campaign for a client,
SME should include the important selling points or features of the client's products in the following step:
A) Identifying and analyzing the industry.
Explanation:
It is at this step that the SWOT analysis is carried out. The client's selling points form part of the client's strengths. Therefore, during the identification and analysis of the industry in which the client plays a role, its selling points or special features must be prominently developed to achieve great advert value for money.
On January 22, Jefferson County Rocks Inc., a marble contractor, issued for cash 210,000 shares of $30 par common stock at $34, and on February 27, it issued for cash 15,000 shares of preferred stock, $9 par at $12.
Required:
Journalize the entries for January 22 and February 27.
Answer:
Jan. 22
Dr Cash $7,140,000
Cr Common Stock $6,300,000
Cr Paid in capital in excess of par $840,000
Feb. 27
Dr Cash $180,000
Cr Preferred Stock $135,000
Cr Paid-In Capital in Excess of Par-Preferred $45,000
Explanation:
Preparation of the entries for January 22 and February 27.
Jan. 22
Dr Cash $7,140,000
(210,000*$34)
Cr Common Stock $6,300,000
(210,000*$30)
Cr Paid in capital in excess of par $840,000
($7,140,000-$6,300,000)
Feb. 27
Dr Cash $180,000
(15,000*$12)
Cr Preferred Stock $135,000
(15,000*$9)
Cr Paid-In Capital in Excess of Par-Preferred $45,000
($180,000-$135,000)
Suppose you are thinking of starting your own small business. Consider how your accounting profit is different than your economic profit.
1. Accounting profit is different than economic profit because:
a. economic profit is only important to economists and does not apply to the actual decision to launch a new business.
b. accounting profit includes all financial and opportunity costs of starting a business.
c. economic profit is what is reported on your tax return.
d. accounting profit ignores the opportunity cost of launching a new business
2. b. After doing your research, you are confident that you will make an accounting profit if you launch the business but feel it is very unlikely that you will make an economic profit. In this case, you__________ start the business.
Answer:
d
should
Explanation:
Accounting profit= total revenue - explicit cost
Total revenue =price x quantity sold
Explicit cost includes the amount expended in running the business.
They include rent , salary and cost of raw materials
Economic profit = accounting profit - implicit cost
Implicit cost is the cost of the next best option forgone when one alternative is chosen over other alternatives
A company should still continue its operations if only economic profit would be earned. This is because in some industries, in the long run, economic profit cannot be earned. For example, in perfect competition
On January 1, 2021, D Corp. granted an employee an option to purchase 6,500 shares of D's $3 par common stock at $19 per share. The options became exercisable on December 31, 2022, after the employee completed two years of service. The option was exercised on January 10, 2023. The market prices of D's stock were as follows: January 1, 2021, $36; December 31, 2022, $57; and January 10, 2023, $46. An option pricing model estimated the value of the options at $8 each on the grant date. For 2021, D should recognize compensation expense of:________
a. $ 0.
b. $26,000.
c. $117,000.
d. $19,500.
Answer:
b. $26,000
Explanation:
Calculation to determine how much D should recognize as compensation expense
Compensation expense =6,500 shares
x $8 per option / 2 years of service
Compensation expense = 52,000 / 2 years of service
Compensation expense= $26,000
Therefore For 2021, D should recognize compensation expense of:$26,000
Sunland Company is planning to sell 1000 buckets and produce 980 buckets during March. Each bucket requires 500 grams of plastic and one-half hour of direct labor. Plastic costs $10 per 500 grams and employees of the company are paid $18 per hour. Manufacturing overhead is applied at a rate of 110% of direct labor costs. Sunland has 200 kilos of plastic in beginning inventory and wants to have 300 kilos in ending inventory. How much is the total amount of budgeted direct labor for March?
Answer: $8820
Explanation:
The total amount of budgeted direct labor for March will be calculated thus:
Production in March = 980
Estimated labor hour = 0.5hour
Labor rate per hour = $18
Total amount of budgeted labor hour will be:
= 980 × 0.5 × $18
= $8820
Imagine that in the current year the economy is in long-run equilibrium. Then the federal government reduces its purchases of goods by 50%. In the long run, what happens to the expected price level and what impact does this have on wage bargaining
Answer:
The expected price level falls., new wage contracts will be negotiated at a lower wage in the market.
Explanation:
In the case when the economy is in the long run equilibrium and the federal government decreased the goods purchase by 50%. So in the long run the expected price level would be decline and the effect on wage bargaining would be that the new wage control would be negotiated at a less wages in the market place
Therefore, the correct option is c
And, the same would be relevant
Eva Company sells one product at a price of $25 per unit. Variable expenses are 40 percent of sales, and fixed expenses are $25,000. What is the sales dollars level required to break even
Answer:
$41,667
Explanation:
Break even (Sales dollars) = Fixed Cost ÷ Contribution margin ratio
therefore
the sales dollars level required to break even is $41,667
Suppose during 2022 that Cypress Semiconductor Corporation reported net cash provided by operating activities of $96,447,240, cash used in investing of $46,576,080, and cash used in financing of $7,957,440. In addition, cash spent for fixed assets during the period was $27,888,840. No dividends were paid. Calculate free cash flow. (Show a negative free cash flow with either a - sign e.g. -15,000 or in parenthesis e.g. (15,000).)
Answer:
Free cash flow = $68,558,400
Explanation:
Free cash flow represents the amount that is left to all the providers of capital after the payment of all all operating expenses, working capital and investment in fixed asset expenditures.
It is computed as cash flow made from operation less capital expenditures
Free cash flow = net cashflow from operating activities - fixed assets
= $96,447,240 - $27,888,840
= $68,558,400
Free cash flow = $68,558,400
Mount Company has budgeted the following unit sales: 2019 Units January 8,000 February 10,000 March 9,000 The finished goods units on hand on December 31, 2018, was 1,000 units. It is the company's policy to maintain a finished goods inventory at the end of each month equal to 10% of next month's anticipated sales. Instructions: Prepare a production budget for February of 2019.
Answer:
Production budget for February - Mount Company
Particulars Amount
Budgeted sales units 10,000
Add: Desired ending inventory 900
(10% of following month sale)
Total needs 10,900
Less: Beginning inventory 1,000
Budgeted Production units 9,900
Carbon Composite Poles manufactures fishing poles that have a price of $125.00. It has costs of $90.00. A competitor is introducing a new fishing pole that will sell for $110.00. Management believes it must lower the price to $110.00 to compete in the highly cost-conscious fishing pole market. Marketing department believes that the new price will allow Carbon to maintain the current sales level of 200,000 poles per year. Required: a) What is the target cost for the new price if target operating income is 25 % of sales
Answer:
Carbon Composite Poles
The target cost for the new price if target operating income is 25% of sales is:
= $82.50.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Current price of fishing poles = $125.00
Cost of production per unit = $90.00
Competitor's price for a new fishing pole = $110.00
Management agreed new price per fishing pole = $110
Current sales level per year = 200,000 poles
Target operating income = 25% of sales
Cost = 100 - 25% = 75%
Cost = $110 * 75%
= $82.50
Check:
25% of $110 = $27.50
Cost = $82.50
Selling price = $110 ($27.50 * $82.50)
An appliance store sells 500 units of a particular type of dishwasher each year. The demand for this product is essentially constant throughout the year. The store orders its products from a regional supplier, and it typically takes two weeks for the dishwashers to arrive after an order has been placed. Each time an order is placed, an ordering cost of $1,000 is incurred. Each dishwasher costs the hardware store $300 and retails for $550. The store's annual cost of capital is estimated to be 7% per year.
Using the economic order quantity (EOQ) formula, determine the optimal order quantity
Answer:
161 units
Explanation:
Economic order quantity = √[(2 x annual demand x orderign cost) / annual holding cost per unit]
annual demand = 500 units
ordering cost = $1,000
holding cost = $550 x 7% = $38.50
EOQ = √[(2 x 500 x $1,000) / $38.50] = 161.16 units ≈ 161 units
Consider the following financial statement information for the Hop Corporation:
Item
Beginning Ending Inventory $11,100 $12,100
Accounts receivable 6,100 6,400
Accounts payable 8,300 8,700
Net sales $91,000
Cost of goods sold 71,000
Calculate the operating and cash cycles
Answer: Operating cycle = 84.70 days
Cash cycle = 41 days
Explanation:
Beginning inventory = $11,100
Ending Inventory = $12,100
Average inventory = ($11100 + $12100)/2 = 11600
Average Accounts receivable = (6,100 + 6,400)/2 = 6250
Average Accounts payable = (8,300 + 8,700)/2 = 8500
Day sales in inventory = Average inventory × 365 / Cost of goods sold
= 11600 × 365 / 71000 = 59.63 days
Average collection period = Average receivable × 365 / Credit sales
= 6250 × 365 /91000 = 25.07 days
Average payment period = 43.70 days
Therefore, operating cycle will be:
= Day sales in inventory + Average collection period
= 59.63 days + 25.07 days
= 84.70 days
Cash cycle = Operating cycle - Average payment period
= 84.70 - 43.70
= 41 days
Mighty Manny, Incorporated manufactures ice scrapers and distributes them across the midwestern United States. Mighty Manny is incorporated and headquartered in Michigan. It has product sales to customers in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. It has sales personnel only where discussed. Determine the state in which Mighty Manny does not have sales and use tax nexus given the following scenarios: _____________
A) Mighty Manny is incorporated and headquartered in Michigan. It also has property, employees, sales personnel, and intangibles in Michigan.
B) Mighty Manny has a warehouse in Illinois.
C) Mighty Manny has independent sales representatives in Minnesota. The representatives distribute ice scraper-related items for over a dozen companies.
D) Mighty Manny has two customers in Wisconsin. Mighty Manny receives orders over the phone and ships goods to its customers using FedEx.
Answer:
The answer is "Choice D".
Explanation:
FedEx Express has developed or continued being a pioneer in high level, providing quick, which remains the global leader offering quick, efficient, or timely delivery to even more than 220 countries that connect more than 99% of the world's largest gross national product with markets, that's why the Two customers are in Wisconsin for Mighty Manny. Mighty Manny accepts phone orders or ships products via FedEx to its customers.
Jack, Jill and Maritza are employed as sales persons for Deuce Hardware Supplies. None was hired for a definite period and each has an excellent sales record. Jack was terminated because Don Deuce, the president of Deuce Hardware, decided that customers were more likely to spend more if the sales person was an attractive woman, rather than a man. Jill was terminated for cheating on her expense account. Assuming only these facts, explain, separately whether Jack or Jill has any claim against Deuce Hardware.
Answer:
Jack has claim while Jill didn't have.
Explanation:
Jack has claim against Deuce Hardware because his performance is tremendous and make more sales for the company. He done his work very well so he can claim against Deuce Hardware Supplies while on the other hand, Jill has no claim against Deuce Hardware because he commit a crime on the basis of which the company has the authority to terminate him from the job. He works very well in the company but his crime is big enough to terminate him.
A business owned and run by one person is called a(n)
a business owned and run by one person is called a(n)
sole proprietorship
Onini, Inc. produces one product with two production levels: 20,000 units and 80,000 units. At each production level, Onini's per-unit costs for Costs A, B, and C are:
Cost A (per unit) Cost B (per unit) Cost C (per unit)
Production = 20,000 $12.00 $15.00
$20.00
Production = 80,000 $12.00 $11.25
$5.00
What type of cost is each?
A. Cost A is variable, Cost B is mixed, and Cost C is fixed.
B. Cost A is fixed, Cost B is variable, and Cost C is mixed
C. Cost A s variable, Cost B is fixed, and Cost C is mixed.
D. Cost A is fixed, Cost B is mixed, and Cost C is variable.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Fixed costs are costs that do not vary with output. e,g, rent, mortgage payments
If production is zero or if production is a million, Mortgage payments do not change - it remains the same no matter the level of output.
Hourly wage costs and payments for production inputs are variable costs
Total fixed cost = 20,000 x 20 = 400,000
80,000 x 5 = 400,000
c is fixed cost
Variable costs are costs that vary with production
If a producer decides not to produce any output, there would be no need to hire labour and thus no need to pay hourly wages.
Variable cost is constant per unit produced. Thus A, is variable cost
Mixed cost is cost that combines fixed cost and variable cost
A retail operation sells computers. Each computer retails for $499. The monthly holding cost for each computer is $4. Placing an order costs $1000, regardless of the quantity of computers ordered. The monthly demand for computers at this operation is 320. Using the basic EOQ model, the economic order quantity is
Answer:
400
Explanation:
Calculation to determine the economic order quantity is using the basic EOQ model,
Using this formula
EOQ=√(2[Demand][Order cost] / [Unit holding cost])
Where,
Demand=320
Order cost =$1,000
Unit holding cost =$4
Let plug in the formula
EOQ=√2*320*1,000/$4
EOQ=√640,000/$4
EOQ=√160,000
EOQ=400
Therefore the economic order quantity is using the basic EOQ model is 400
Firms HL and LL are identical except for their leverage ratios and the interest rates they pay on debt. Each has $25 million in invested capital, has $5 million of EBIT, and is in the 40% federal-plus-state tax bracket. Firm HL, however, has a debt-to-capital ratio of 55% and pays 11% interest on its debt, whereas LL has a 20% debt-to-capital ratio and pays only 10% interest on its debt. Neither firm uses preferred stock in its capital structure.
1. Calculate the return on invested capital (ROIC) for each firm. Round your answers to two decimal places.
ROIC for firm LL is %
ROIC for firm HL is %
2. Calculate the rate of return on equity (ROE) for each firm. Round your answers to two decimal places.
ROE for firm LL is %
ROE for firm HL is %
3. Observing that HL has a higher ROE, LL's treasurer is thinking of raising the debt-to-capital ratio from 20% to 60%, even though that would increase LL's interest rate on all debt to 15%. Calculate the new ROE for LL. Round your answer to two decimal places.
Answer:
A. ROIC for firm LL 12%
ROIC for firm HL 12%
B. ROE for firm LL 13.5%
ROE for firm HL 18.6%
C. New ROE for firm LL 16.5%
Explanation:
A. Calculation to determine the return on invested capital (ROIC) for each firm
Using this formula
ROIC=EBIT(1-T)/Total Invested Capital
Let plug in the formula
ROIC=$5 million(1-.40)/$25 million
ROIC=$5 million*.60/$25 million
ROIC=$3 million/$25 million
ROIC=0.12*100
ROIC=12% for both firms
Therefore the return on invested capital (ROIC) for each firm is:
ROIC for firm LL is 12%
ROIC for firm HL is 12%
B. Calculation to determine the rate of return on equity (ROE) for each firm.
Calculation for ROE for firm LL
First step is to calculate the Debt
Debt=$25 million*20%
Debt=$5 million
Second step is to calculate the Debt Interest
Debt Interest=$5 million*10%
Debt Interest=$500,000
Third step is to calculate the EBIT of firm LL
EBIT of firm LL=$5 million- $500,000
EBIT of firm LL=$4,500,000
Fourth step is to calculate Tax owed
Tax owed =$4,500,000*40%
Tax owed =$1,800,000
Fifth step is to calculate the Net income of firm LL
Net income of firm LL=$4,500,000-$1,800,000
Net income of firm LL=$2,700,000
Sixth step is to calculate the Equity for firm LL
Equity for firm LL=$25million-$5 million
Equity for firm LL=$20 million
Now let calculate the ROE using this formula
ROE=Net income /Equity
Let plug in the formula
ROE=$2,700,000/$20 million*100
ROE=13.5%
Calculation for ROE for firm HL
First step is to calculate the Debt
Debt=$25 million*55%
Debt=$13,750,000
Second step is to calculate the EBIT of firm HL
EBIT of firm HL=$5 million-[(55%*$25 million)*11%]
EBIT of firm HL=$5 million-($13,750,000*11%)
EBIT of firm HL=$5 million-$1,512,500
EBIT of firm HL=$3,487,500
Third step is to calculate the Tax owed
Tax owed =$3,487,500*40%
Tax owed =$1,395,000
Fourth step is to calculate the Net income of firm HL
Net income of firm HL=$3,487,500-$1,395,000
Net income of firm HL=$2,092,500
Fifth step is to calculate the Equity for firm HL
Equity for firm HL=$25million- $13,750,000
Equity for firm HL=$11,250,000
Now let calculate the ROE using this formula
ROE=Net income /Equity
ROE=$2,092,500/$11,250,000*100
ROE=18.6%
Therefore the rate of return on equity (ROE) for each firm is:
ROE for firm LL is 13.5%
ROE for firm HL is 18.6%
C. Calculation to determine the new ROE for LL
First step is to calculate the debt
Debt=$25 million*60%
Debt=$15 million
Second step is to calculate the Debt Interest
Debt Interest=$15 million*15%
Debt Interest=$2,250,000
Third step is to calculate the EBIT of firm LL
EBIT of firm LL=$5 million- $2,250,000
EBIT of firm LL=$2,750,000
Fourth step is to calculate the Tax owed
Tax owed =$2,750,000*40%
Tax owed =$1,100,000
Fifth step is to calculate the Net income of firm LL
Net income of firm LL=$2,750,000-$1,100,000
Net income of firm LL=$1,650,000
Sixth step is to calculate the Equity for firm LL
Equity for firm LL=$25million-$15 million
Equity for firm LL=$10 million
Now let calculate the New ROE using this formula
ROE=Net income /Equity
Let Plug in the formula
ROE=$1,650,000/$10 million*100
ROE=16.5%
Therefore the new ROE for LL is 16.5%
COTB MC Qu. 8-31 (Static) Assume a company is preparing a... Assume a company is preparing a budget for its first two months of operations. During the first and second months it expects credit sales of $50,000 and $60,000, respectively. The company expects to collect 40% of its credit sales in the month of the sale and the remaining 60% in the following month. What amount of accounts receivable would the company report in its balance sheet at the end of the second month
Answer:
$36,000
Explanation:
The computation of the amount of the account receivable that should be reported at the end of the second month is shown below;
= Credit sales of the second month × following month percentage
= $60,000 × 0.60
= $36,000
By multiplying the credit sales of the second month with the following month percentage, the amount of the account receivable could come
Hence, the same would be relevant
The Clean Air Act (CAA) of 1970 did all of the following except _____.
establish the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
introduce motor vehicle emissions controls
create State Improvement Plans (SIP) to promote better air quality
reduce the federal government's enforcement authority
Answer:
The Clean Air Act (CAA) of 1970 did all of the following except ___
reduce the federal government's enforcement authority__.
Answer:
reduce the federal government's enforcement authority
Explanation:
i got it right
Question Instructions
- Answer all the questions provided.
- Show your calculations in detail and explain the rationale of your answers thoroughly.
- Calculators are allowed.
1. A kitchenware company asked 10 customers the number of times they used the specialty cooking equipment they bought from the company in the last month:
4 6 8 6 7 2 1 8 12 10
A) Calculate the mean number of uses in the last month.
[5 marks]
B) Calculate the standard deviation. Make sure to show your calculations.
[15 marks]
2. A drilling company has estimated a 60% chance of striking oil for their new well. A detailed test has been scheduled. Historically, 40% of successful wells have had detailed test, and 10% of unsuccessful wells have had detailed test.
A) Given that this well has been scheduled for a detailed test, what is the probability that the well will be successful? Use Bayes’ Theorem.
[10 marks]
B) Would you say that the probability of successful drilling and the probability of having a detailed test are independent? Explain your answer using probabilities.
[10 marks]
3. Answer the following questions in no more than 3-4 lines for each one:
A) Why do you think investigating sample is more efficient for statistical control than investigating an entire population?
[5 marks]
B) What sample size is large enough to assume that the sampling distribution of proportion is normally distributed?
[5 marks]
C) Can 100% confidence level be used to determine a population parameter?
[5 marks]
D) What happens to confidence intervals when the confidence level is increased?
[5 marks]
4. A company claims that the average consumer buys 50 bars of chocolate in a calendar year Suppose a random sample of 100 consumers displayed the following statistics regarding the number of chocolate bars consumed in a year: X-bar=40, S=25.
A) What are the null and alternative hypotheses to determine if the number of chocolates consumed in a year is actually more or less than 50?
[5 marks]
B) What would be the value of the test statistic in this case?
[5 marks]
C) Considering that a confidence level of 5% for a normally distributed sample corresponds to a statistic score of ±1.96, what is your inference of the outcome in (B)?
[5 marks]
D) Explain briefly what are the Type I and Type II errors.
[5 marks]
5. A research group is trying to predict the performance of students on final exams based on the amount of time students study during the year. They use the following data:
SST = 110.00
SSR = 90.25
n = 200
A) Determine the coefficient of determination r2 and interpret its meaning.
[8 marks]
B) Determine the standard error of the estimate.
[7 marks]
C) How useful do you think this regression model is for predicting the performance of students on exams by the variation of the time spent studying?
[5 marks]
Answer:
Let x be a random variable representing the price of a Congo-imported black diamond. Let the higher price be p. Then,
P(x < p) = P(x < (p - mean)/sd) = P(x < (p - 60,430)/21,958.08) = P(z < 2)
Therefore,
(p - 60,430)/21,958.08 = 2
p - 60,430 = 2 x 21,958.08 = 43,916.16
p = 34,916.16 + 60,430 = 104.346.16
Therefore, The required price is $104,346.16
Explanation:
Swifty Co. uses the gross method to record sales made on credit. On July 1, 2020, it made sales of 69,000 with terms 2/10 n/30. On July 9, 2020, Swifty received full payment for the July 1 sale. Prepare the required journal entries for Swifty Co.
Answer:
July 1, 2020
Debit : Accounts Receivable $69,000
Credit : Sales $69,000
July 9, 2020
Debit : Cash $62,100
Debit : Discount allowed $1,380
Credit : Accounts Receivable $69,000
Explanation:
Note : Remove the discount from final payment.
The required journal entries for Swifty Co have been prepared above.
Once the adjusting entries are posted, the adjusted trial balance is prepared to a. verify that the debits and credits are in balance b. verify that the net income (loss) is correct for the period c. verify the correct flow of accounts into the financial statements d. verify that the net income correctly flows into the statement of stockholders' equity from the income statement
Answer:
a. verify that the debits and credits are in balance
Explanation:
A periodic system of inventory can be defined as a method of financial accounting, that typically involves updating informations about an inventory on a periodic basis (at specific intervals) as the sales or purchases are being made by the customers, through the use of either an enterprise management software applications or a digitized point-of-sale equipment.
On the other hand, a perpetual inventory system is a type of inventory management that continuously records in real-time the amount of inventory sold or purchased through the use of enterprise software or technological software applications such as a point of sale (POS).
A journal entry involves the process of keeping the records of business transactions made by an organization.
The journal entry is used by bookkeepers and accountants. Ideally, it is important that a journal has all of following informations; date, reference number, debit balance, credit balance and transaction description.
In Accounting, most businesses use a double-entry account system and as such, the total amount debited must equal the total amount credited in a journal entry.
Once the adjusting entries are posted, the adjusted trial balance is prepared to verify that the debits and credits are in balance.
Gallatin County Motors Inc. assembles and sells snowmobile engines. The company began operations on July 1 and operated at 100% of capacity during the first month. The following data summarize the results for July: 1 Sales (38,000 units) $9,500,000.00 2 Production costs (44,000 units): 3 Direct materials $4,400,000.00 4 Direct labor 1,760,000.00 5 Variable factory overhead 1,100,000.00 6 Fixed factory overhead 660,000.00 7,920,000.00 7 Selling and administrative expenses: 8 Variable selling and administrative expenses $1,170,000.00 9 Fixed selling and administrative expenses 200,000.00 1,370,000.00 Required: a. Prepare an income statement according to the absorption costing concept\.\* b. Prepare an income statement according to the variable costing concept\.\* c. What is the reason for the difference in the amount of Operating income reported in (a) and (b)
Answer:
a.
income statement according to the absorption costing concept.
Sales $9,500,000.00
Less Cost of Sales ($6,840,000.00)
Gross Profit $2,660,000.00
Less Expenses
Variable selling and administrative expenses ($1,170,000.00)
Fixed selling and administrative expenses ($200,000.00)
Net Income $1,290,000.00
b.
income statement according to the variable costing concept
Sales $9,500,000.00
Less Cost of Sales ($6,270,000.00)
Contribution $3,230,000.00
Less Expenses
Fixed factory overhead ($660,000.00)
Variable selling and administrative expenses ($1,170,000.00)
Fixed selling and administrative expenses ($200,000.00)
Net Income $1,200,000.00
c.
The difference is due to fixed cost included in closing inventory under the absorption costing concept.
Explanation:
Production Cost - Absorption Costing
Direct materials $4,400,000.00
Direct labor $1,760,000.00
Variable factory overhead $1,100,000.00
Fixed factory overhead $660,000.00
Total $7,920,000.00
therefore,
Cost of Sales = 38,000 units/ 44,000 units x $7,920,000.00
= $6,840,000
Production Cost - Variable Costing
Direct materials $4,400,000.00
Direct labor $1,760,000.00
Variable factory overhead $1,100,000.00
Total $7,260,000.00
therefore,
Cost of Sales = 38,000 units/ 44,000 units x $7,260,000.00
= $6,270,000
a. Income Statement according to Absorption Costing Concept:
Sales: $9,500,000.00
Cost of Goods Sold:
Direct Materials: $4,400,000.00
Direct Labor: $1,760,000.00
Variable Factory Overhead: $1,100,000.00
Fixed Factory Overhead: $660,000.00
Total Manufacturing Costs: $7,920,000.00
Gross Profit: $1,580,000.00
Selling and Administrative Expenses:
Variable Selling and Administrative Expenses: $1,170,000.00
Fixed Selling and Administrative Expenses: $200,000.00
Total Selling and Administrative Expenses: $1,370,000.00
Operating Income: $210,000.00
b. Income Statement according to Variable Costing Concept:
Sales: $9,500,000.00
Variable Costs:
Direct Materials: $4,400,000.00
Direct Labor: $1,760,000.00
Variable Factory Overhead: $1,100,000.00
Variable Selling and Administrative Expenses: $1,170,000.00
Total Variable Costs: $8,430,000.00
Contribution Margin: $1,070,000.00
Fixed Costs:
Fixed Factory Overhead: $660,000.00
Fixed Selling and Administrative Expenses: $200,000.00
Total Fixed Costs: $860,000.00
Operating Income: $210,000.00
In absorption costing, fixed manufacturing overhead is treated as a product cost and is included in the cost of goods sold. This means that a portion of fixed overhead is allocated to each unit produced, resulting in higher inventory values and a higher cost of goods sold.
In variable costing, fixed manufacturing overhead is treated as a period cost and is not included in the cost of goods sold. It is instead expensed in the period incurred. This means that fixed overhead is only expensed when it is incurred and is not allocated to units in inventory.
Since the number of units produced (44,000 units) exceeded the number of units sold (38,000 units), the fixed overhead allocated to the 6,000 unsold units under absorption costing contributes to the difference in reported operating income between the two methods. In this case, the absorption costing method reports higher operating income due to the allocation of fixed overhead to units in inventory.
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