UCI Chemistry researchers, Prof. F. Sherwood Rowland and Dr. Mario Molina werefirst to discovered in 1973 that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) were depleting the Earth’sozone layer when released into the atmosphere. Once they reach the stratosphere, Clis released from the CFCs molecules by interaction with UV light. Free Cl atoms areable to react with ozone in a catalytic cycle that converts O3into the more stable O2.It is estimated that a single Cl atom is able to react with∼100000 O3molecules.Although CFCs production was banned in 1996, there are still a substantial numberof motor vehicle air conditioners (MVACs) that use CFC-12 (CF2Cl2) as refrigerant.The average CFC-12 emission rate from operating MVACs has been estimated tobe 59.5 mg per hour per vehicle (Zhang et al.Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.2017).How much chlorine, in kg, is added to the atmosphere in a year due to 100 millionMVACs using CFC-12 as refrigerant?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

15.27895 x 10⁶kg of chlorine radical is added to the atmosphere in a year due to 100 million MVACs                                                                                              

Explanation:

Chlorofluorocarbons (CF₂Cl₂) from refrigerants produce chlorine radicals according to the following equation

         CF₂Cl₂ → CF2Cl  + Cl ⁻ .........(1)

From equation 1, one mole of CF₂Cl₂ produces one mole of Chlorine radical

From the question,

The emission rate of CF₂Cl₂ is 59.5mg/hour/MVAC

In one day the emission rate would be 59.5 x 24hours

                                                                  = 1428mg/day

In one year, the emission rate would be 1428mg/day x 365days

                                                                 =  521220mg/year

                                                                   = 521.220g/year/MVAC

Therefore the emission rate for 100 million MVAC using CF₂CL₂ in a year is

                                                                    = 52122 x 10⁶g/year/MVAC

                                                                    = 52122 x 10³kg/year/MVAC

The molar mass of CF₂CL₂                       = 120.913g/mol

No of moles  of CF₂CL₂                              = mass/ molar mass

                                                                     = 52122 x 10⁶g / 120.913g/mol

                                                                      = 431 x 10⁶ moles of CF₂Cl₂

From equation 1,  since one mole of CF₂Cl₂ produces one mole of Chlorine radical, it implies that

431 x 10⁶ moles of CF₂Cl₂ would produce 431 x 10⁶ moles of chlorine radical,

Therefore, to find the mass of chlorine radical produced, we use the formula

No of moles of chlorine radical  = mass/ molar mass

431 x10⁶ moles = mass of chlorine radical /molar mass of chlorine radical

431 x 10⁶ moles = mass/ 35.45g/mol

mass of chlorine =  431 x 10⁶ moles x 35.45 g/mol

                            =    15278.95 x 10⁶ g

In Kg, the mass    =   15,278.95 x 10³kg of cholrine radical

                             =   15.27895 x 10⁶ Kg of chlorine radical

                                                                                                 


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Rule 1 states that the oxidation numbers of an atom in an element is always 0, so the oxidation number for Ca in the metal and O in O2 have oxidation numbers of zero

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A sample of helium gas at a pressure of 0.538 atm and a temperature of 256 °C, occupies a volume of 437 mL. If the gas is cooled at constant pressure until its volume is 316 mL, the temperature of the gas sample will be

Answers

Answer:

110 °C

Explanation:

The following data were obtained from the question:

Initial pressure (P1) = 0.538 atm

Initial temperature (T1) = 256 °C

Initial volume (V1) = 437 mL.

Final pressure (P2) = constant = 0.538 atm

Final volume (V2) = 316 mL

Final temperature (T2) =?

Next we shall convert 256 °C to Kelvin temperature. This Can be obtained as follow:

T(K) = T(°C) + 273

Initial temperature (T1) = 256 °C

Initial temperature (T1) = 256 °C + 273 = 529 K

Next, we shall determine the new temperature of the gas as illustrated below:

Pressure = constant

Initial temperature (T1) = 529 K

Initial volume (V1) = 437 mL.

Final volume (V2) = 316 mL

Final temperature (T2) =?

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V1 /T1 = V2 /T2

437/529 = 316/T2

Cross multiply

437 × T2 = 529 × 316

437 × T2 = 167164

Divide both side by 437

T2 = 167164 / 437

T2 = 382.5 ≈ 383 K

Finally, we shall convert 383 K to celsius temperature. This can be obtained as follow:

T(°C) = T(K) – 273

T(K) = 383 K

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T(°C) = 110 °C

Therefore, the new temperature of the gas is 110 °C

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Explanation:

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Based on what you know about the daughter cells that form by mitosis and meiosis, how do you think the offspring of asexually and sexually reproducing organisms compare to their parents? Justify your answer.

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Answer:

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I turn the Ritz into a poor house
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Girl go 'head and show me how you go down
And I feel my whole body peaking
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Answer:

The balanced chemical equation for the combustion of propane is: C3H8(g)+5O2(g)→3CO2(g)+4H2O(g).

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Answer:

The piece of wood will sink

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Answer:

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Velocity and acceleration are both negative.

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Answer:

I think third one is the right answer

Explanation:

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Explanation:

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Answer:

D

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Answer:

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Answers

The temperature of the xenon : 180.863 K

Further explanation

Combined with Boyle's law and Gay Lussac's law  

[tex]\tt \dfrac{P_1.V_1}{T_1}=\dfrac{P_2.V_2}{T_2}[/tex]

P1 = initial gas pressure (N/m² or Pa)  

V1 = initial gas volume (m³)  

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Answer:

soild

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Which of the following is accurate
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Answers

Answer:

B

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I believe because intrusive stays within the earth

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First response

Answer:

102°C is equal to

375.15 kelvin

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102°C + 273.15 = 375.15K

Therefore! your answer would be the third option

Answer:

375.15

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WHO EVER ANSWERS IT I WILL GIVE BRAINIEST!!

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Answer:

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Answer:

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Answer:

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Answer:

The answer is metalloids.

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Answer:

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HIIIHERE'S YOUR ANSWER

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HOPE IT HELPS YOU OUT PLEASE MARK IT AS BRAINLIEST AND FOLLOW ME PROMISE YOU TO FOLLOW BACK ON BRAINLY.IN

Brian's family has a compost pile at home. They put all the weeds they pull up from the garden in it as well as any vegetable waste they gather from the kitchen. If they keep it moist, all this vegetation will
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Answers

Answer:

Option - It would happen faster at warmer air temperatures

Explanation:

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