Type the correct answer in the box. Express the answer to two significant figures. Given: N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3 Use the bond energies to calculate the change in enthalpy for the reaction. The enthalpy change for the reaction is [ ]kilojoules.

Bond order refers to how many electron pairs there are in a bond between two atoms. A single bond, a double bond, a triple bond, a quadruple bond, and so on have a bond order of one in a covalent bond between two atoms.

Bond order is determined by the ratio of bonding to antibonding electrons, so for NO+, the bond order is (8 - 2)/2 = 6/2 = 3, or a triple bond.

Bond order for NO⁺ is (8-3)/2 = 5 / 2 = 2.5, which is a partial double bond. Bond order for NO⁻ is (8-4)/2 = 4/2 = 2, which is a double bond.

The quantity of electron pairs between two atoms is the bond order itself. The bond order between the two nitrogen atoms in diatomic nitrogen, for instance, is 3.

For NO⁻ and NO+, determine the bond order.

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Answer: Li3N + 3 NH4NO3 → 3 LiNO3 + (NH4)3N

Explanation:

This is a type of double displacement reaction.

Here, on the reactant side, we have 3 Li, 1 N, 1 NH4, and 1 NO3.

On the product side, we have 1 Li, 1 N, 3 NH4, and 1 NO3.

To balance the two sides, we have to equal the number of atoms of Li and NO4. Thus, we get:

⇒ Li3N + 3 NH4NO3 → 3 LiNO3 + (NH4)3N

Energy is used to increase the kinetic energy of the molecules. So its temperature will not rise, since kinetic energy of molecules remains the same.

Because the energy involved in a phase changes is used to interrupt bonds, there is no growth in the kinetic energies of the particles, and therefore no rise in temperature. Similarly, electricity is needed to vaporize a liquid to overcome the attractive forces among debris within the liquid.

During segment trade, the energy supplied is used simplest to split the molecules ; no part of it's far used to boom the kinetic strength of the molecules. So its temperature will now not upward thrust, for the reason that kinetic energy of molecules remains the identical.

Materials can change phase often due to a temperature change. At low temperatures, maximum substances are solid; as the temperature increases, they grow to be liquid; at higher temperatures nevertheless, they end up gaseous.

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The energy of a photon is quantized, as demonstrated by Planck's formula, which is given by the equation E = h v, where h is the Planck constant, with a value of 6.626 x 10^34 Js, and is the photon's frequency.

The energy of photons is quantized because E = N h v gives the energy of N number of photons.

What is Planck's constant used for?

At the atomic scale, the behavior of particles and waves is described by Planck's constant. One of the factors that led to the development of quantum mechanics is Planck's constant.

Answer is,

One mole of O₂ contains 6.022× 10²³ molecules, hence, the energy required per molecule(per bond) is

E = [tex]\frac{E per mole}{6.022 X 10^(23) molecules/mole}\\[/tex]

substituting,  for E per mole as 495 x 10^23,

E =8.219 x 10^-19 J

The longest wavelength of radiation for breaking the bond.

E = [tex]\frac{hc}{lambda}[/tex]

Substituting, h = 6.626 x 10^-34 Js

                     c =3 x 10^8 ms

                     E =8.219 x 10^-19 J

wavelength = 241.85 nm

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To determine the concentration of the hydrobromic acid, the student would need to perform titration and take readings.

Titration is the gradual addition of one answer of a regarded concentration to a recognized quantity of some other solution of unknown awareness till the reaction reaches neutralization, which is regularly indicated via a color trade.

The reason of the titration is the detection of the equivalence point, the factor at which chemically equivalent amounts of the reactants had been mixed. the quantity of reactants which have been combined at the equivalence factor depends on the stoichiometry of the reaction.

Titration is a not unusual laboratory technique of quantitative chemical evaluation to determine the awareness of an diagnosed analyte. A reagent, termed the titrant or titrator, is prepared as a standard answer of recognised concentration and extent.

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The mass of 2.1 × 10²³ molecules of H₂O₂ have 11.86 g.

given that :

mass of the molecules : 2.1 × 10²³  molecules

mass of the H₂O₂ = (number of molecules / Avogadro's number) × molar

                                                                                                                 mass

molar mass of H₂O₂ = 34.015 g/mol

Avogadro's number = 6.022 × 10²³

mass of the H₂O₂ = (number of molecules / Avogadro's number) × molar

                                                                                                                 mass

                               =  ( 2.1 × 10²³ / 6.022 × 10²³ ) × 34.015

                              = 11.86 g

so the mass of H₂O₂ is 11.86 g.

Thus, The mass of 2.1 × 10²³ molecules of H₂O₂ have 11.86 g.

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Hydrogen is the first element to have a different number of proton and neutron in the nucleus

Hydrogen is a chemical element with symbol H and atomic number 1 classified as nonmetal hydrogen is gas at room temprature and hydrogen a gaseous material that is colorless odorless and tasteless and flammable and is the most basic chemical element and a proton with one unit of positive electrical charge and an electron with one unit of negative electrical charge make up the hydrogen atom nucleus

Hydrogen makes up around 0.14 percent of the weight of the earth crust and despite being the most common element in the universe and three times as abundant as helium and the next most frequent element and the water in ocean, ice cap and river as well as lakes and atmosphere all contain significant amount of it and for most common isotope of hydrogen each atom has one proton and in electron and no neutron

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The hydrogen ion concentration of the substance in Vinegar is 1.098 and in case of milk it is 1.871

pH is a measure of how acidic or basic water is. The pH scale actually ranges  from 0 - 14, with 7 being neutral. pHs that are less than 7 indicate that it is  acidic in nature , whereas a pH of greater than 7 indicates that it is  basic in nature. pH is really a measure of the relative amount of free hydrogen and hydroxyl ions present  in the water.

The formula to find pH is as follows;

pH = -log[tex][H]^{+}[/tex], In the above given question we need to find out the hydrogen ion concentration so we can rearrange the formula as;

[tex][H]^{+}[/tex] = Antilog pH

In case of Vinegar [tex][H]^{+}[/tex] = Antilog of 3 ⇒ 1.098

In case of Milk [tex][H]^{+}[/tex] = Antilog of 6.5 ⇒ 1.871

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rank the members of each compound in order of increasing ionic character of their bonds: SeF₄ , TeF₄, BrF₃. arrange compounds as low ionic character < high ionic character are :  BrF₃ <  SeF₄ < TeF₄.

The polarity between the atoms depends on the electronegativity difference. The more the difference in the electronegativity of atoms more the polarity of the atoms. the greater the polarity or the electronegativity between the atoms more will be the ionic character.

Thus, rank the members of each compound in order of increasing ionic character of their bonds: SeF₄ , TeF₄, BrF₃. arrange compounds as low ionic character < high ionic character are :  BrF₃ <  SeF₄ < TeF₄.

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Water dissolves crystalline table salt (nacl). because there are more particles, entropy —-select—-. (Choice A).

When a neutral atmosphere is required, argon is frequently employed. In this manner, titanium as well as other reactive elements are produced. Additionally, it is used in incandescent bulbs to prevent oxygen from disintegrating the filament and by welders can protect the weld region.

Higher concentrations might result in nausea, vomiting, disorientation, coma, and even death. For argon, no occupational exposure levels have been set. But there might be a health risk involved. Always adhere to safe work procedures.

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The part of the solution that is the bigger proportion of the solution is the Solvent.

A solvent is that component of a solution that completely dissolves the solute in it to form a homogenous mixture “solution”. In addition to being a liquid, a supercritical fluid, a solid, or a gas can also be a solvent.

The solution is a homogenous mixture composed of Solvent (larger in concentration) and Solute (smaller in concentration).

A homogenous mixture of two or more than two components is termed as a solution. The material with the highest concentration is referred to as the solvent, while the substance with the lowest concentration is referred to as a solute.

Hence, the part of the solution that is the bigger proportion of the solution is the Solvent.

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The heat is required to raise the temperature of 250.0 g of mercury by 52 °C is 1820 J.

given that :

mass = 250 g

ΔT = 52 °C

specific heat capacity of mercury = 0.14 J/g °C

the specific heat capacity expression is given as:

Q = mc ΔT

where,

Q = heat

m = mass = 250 g

ΔT = change in temperature = 52 °C

putting the values in the formula, we get :

Q = mc ΔT

Q = 250 × 0.14 × 52

Q = 1820 J

Thus,  The heat is required to raise the temperature of 250.0 g of mercury by 52 °C is 1820 J.

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An aquifer is an underground layer of rock saturated with water. Water from rain, meltwater, lakes, streams, and wetlands seeps into the soil and collects in rock crevices, much like water collects in a sponge.

Aquifers are saturated rock bodies in which water can readily move. Aquifers should include rock types such as sandstone, conglomerate, crushed limestone, loose sand and gravel, and be both permeable and porous. Fractured volcanic rocks such as columnar basalt are also good aquifers.

Many aquifers are like reservoirs, storing useful water for humans and aquatic ecosystems. Groundwater can naturally exit the aquifer as springs. When the water table of the aquifer reaches the surface, groundwater is released into rivers and lakes as surface water.

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A redox reaction can be divided into two half reactions, each of which represents one aspect of electron transfer.

A redox reaction can be defined as a chemical reaction in which the  electrons are transferred between two reactants that are  participating in the chemical reaction. This transfer of electrons can be identified by observing the changes in the oxidation states of the reacting species.

By doing so we can differentiate two types of reactions happening here one is called as the oxidation reaction and the other is called as the reduction reaction. These reactions are individually known as the half cell reactions. When we combine these half cell reactions we get a redox reaction.

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T.aq dna polymerase is used in pcr reactions rather than a normal dna polymerase because-

(a) It is thermostable and maintains activity even when high temperatures cause the DNA in the (bacteria) Thermus acquaticus to become denaturized.

(b) Getting several copies of the desired gene (or DNA).

How does taq dna polymerase work?

Thermus aquaticus, also known as T.aquaticus, is a bacterium found in hot springs and hydrothermal vents. Taq polymerase was found to be an enzyme that could tolerate the protein-denaturing conditions like high temperature needed for PCR. Therefore, the DNA polymerase employed in PCR process comes from a specific source.

Thermus aquaticus, a thermophilic microorganism capable of surviving and reproducing in thermal hot springs with temperatures nearing 100 degrees Centigrade, such as those found in Yellowstone National Park, was discovered to contain the Thermus aquaticus enzyme in active form.

The enzyme was discovered to be perfect for PCR processes since an aliquot of enzyme did not need to be added after each cycle of denaturation since at this temperature  double stranded DNA is denatured.

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Answer:

What's the question though?

Answer:

android.

Explanation:

trust

The mass % of water in the hydrated salt is 47.34%

Mass % is the mass of the element or solute divided by the mass of the compound or solute

Here given data is

Mass =  130.863 g/mol

3 mol of water associated with it

We have to calculated mass % of water in the hydrated salt = ?

So mass of anhydrous salt  = 160.167g/mol

Mass of the hydrated salt = 160.167 + 8(18)

160.167 + 144 = 304.167g

% mass of water in hydrated salt = (144/304.167) ×100 = 47.34%

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Green is represented with an absorption wavelength of 500 nm. As a result, it will absorb green and display red, which is complementary to green.

What is the electromagnetic spectrum?  

The electromagnetic spectrum is made up of the many wavelengths and associated frequencies of light. The speed of light constantly establishes a relationship between shorter frequencies and longer wavelengths. Because they have the shortest wavelengths, gamma rays can ionize material. The longest lengths are found in radio waves, whose wavelengths can exceed 100,000 km.

Between the ultraviolet and infrared spectra, the visible spectrum has wavelengths.

This is a reference to spectroscopic techniques that calculate how much radiation interacts with a substance, depending on its frequency or wavelength, and how much of that radiation is absorbed. Absorption spectroscopy utilizes the full electromagnetic spectrum.

So, the correct option is green.
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66 infrared photons of frequency 3.38 x 1013 hz would need to be absorbed simultaneously by a tightly bound molecule to break it apart.

What is binding energy?

Binding energy is a required amount of energy that disperses the other particles of the reaction system. It measures the energy needed to free an electron or a subatomic particle.

Binding energy is the ionization energy that depicts how much energy will be needed if an electron has to be removed from an atom for a reaction to occur.

It can be said that the energy required to free an electron from the orbit of the atom is measured in electron volt (eV). It is a little different from ionization energy as binding energy can remove any subatomic particle and not just an electron.

Energy of a photon of frequency v is given by the relation

E = hv

where h has the value 6.63 x 10-34

from this relation the energy of our photon of frequency 3.66 × 1013 Hz is E = 6.63 x 10-34 x 3.66 x 1013 2.42658 × 10-20

Binding energy is the minimum energy required to break the bond which in our case is 10 x 1.6 x 10-19 1.6 x 10-187

so the total number of photons that are required to break the bond are

1.6 x 10-18 2.42658 x 10-20

n = 65.9364

n= 66

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10) In the given reaction,

4NH₃+5O₂→4NO+6H₂O

The mol to mol ratio of O₂ to NO is 5 mole O₂/4 mole NO.

A mol to mol ratio is defined as the ratio between the amounts in moles of any two compounds, which is involved in a balanced chemical reaction. For example in the given reaction

NaOH+HCl→NaCl+H₂O

The mol to mol ratio between NaOH and HCl is 1:1, as we consider the coefficients present in the reaction for mol to mol ratio.

To calculate the mol to mol ratio, we need to balance the given chemical reaction. The reaction 4NH3 +50₂→4NO+6H₂O is balanced, and coefficient for O₂ is 5. The coefficient for NO is 4. Hence mol to mol ratio of O₂ to NO is 5:4.

Therefore, the mol to mol ratio of O₂ to NO is 5 mole O₂/4 mole NO.

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The number of aluminum atoms present in 30.0 g of [tex]Al_2O_3[/tex] would be 3.54 x [tex]10^{23[/tex] atoms.

According to Avogadro, 1 mole of every substance contains about 6.022 x [tex]10^{23[/tex] atoms or molecules of the substance.

[tex]Al_2O_3[/tex]  is a compound of aluminum and oxygen. In ion form, the compound ionizes to aluminum and oxygen ions as follows:

[tex]Al_2O_3[/tex]  ---> [tex]2Al^{3+} + 3O^{2-}[/tex]

This means that every 1 mole of  [tex]Al_2O_3[/tex] contains 3 moles of Al.

Recall that: mole = mass/molar mass

Molar mass of  [tex]Al_2O_3[/tex] = 101.96 g/mol

Mole of 30.0 g  [tex]Al_2O_3[/tex] = 30/101.96

                                     = 0.2942 mole

From the mole ratio, the equivalent mole of Al would be:

0.2942 x 2 = 0.5885 mol

We said: 1 mole =  6.022 x [tex]10^{23[/tex] atoms

Thus, 0.5885 moles = 0.5885 x  6.022 x [tex]10^{23[/tex] atoms

                                  = 3.54 x [tex]10^{23[/tex] atoms

In summary, 30.0 g of  [tex]Al_2O_3[/tex] will contain 3.54 x [tex]10^{23[/tex] atoms of aluminum.

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The Van der Waals equation is a cubic in the molar volume. Since this is the first equation of state studied.

The Van der Waals equation is a cubic in the molar volume. Since this is the first equation of state studied in chemistry and physics more complicated than the ideal gas equation, it is noteworthy that the solution of this cubic is rarely if ever addressed.

Van der Waals' equation says that the volume of a real gasoline is the quantity that would be occupied via non-interacting point masses, V ideal fuel, plus the powerful extent of the gasoline molecules themselves.

The precise gasoline equation is equally legitimate for any gasoline, whereas the van der Waals equation carries a couple of constants (a and b) that trade from fuel to gas. the perfect gasoline equation predicts that a plot of PV versus P for a gasoline could be a horizontal line due to the fact PV ought to be a steady.

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a. The mean rate of reaction after 15 seconds is 1.03 g/second.

b. After 60 seconds, the reaction has gone to completion.

The rate of reaction is the rate at which product molecules are formed or the rate at which reactant molecules disappear.

The rate of reaction measures the time it takes for 1 mole of reactant to be converted to the product or the time it takes for one mole of product to be formed from reactants.

Mathematically;

The rate of the given reaction is determined as follows:

a. mean rate of reaction after 15 seconds = (13 + 18) / (10 + 20)

mean rate of reaction after 15 seconds = 1.03 g/second

B, the reaction goes to completion when the mass of CO₂ produced remains constant or unchanged.

The mass of CO₂ produced remains constant after 60 seconds.

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The molar concentration of ammonia is 2.976M.

Molarity of HCl = number of moles/ volume

Number of moles = Molarity of Hcl * volume

Hence the number of moles of ammonia =[tex]14.88 * 10^{-3}[/tex]

From question volume of ammonia =[tex]5 * 10^{-3}[/tex]

Molarity = [tex]14.88 * 10^{-3}/5 * 10^{-3}[/tex]

Molarity  [tex]=2.976[/tex]

What is meant by molar concentration?

Molar concentration is the most effective way of describing a solute concentration in a solution. Molarity is described as the total number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution,i.e., M = mol/L.

How do you calculate the molar concentration?

To calculate the Molar Concentration, we will find the molar concentration by dividing the moles by the liters of water used in the solution.

Thus, the molar concentration of ammonia is 2.976M

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The electron and molecular geometry of a molecule match the central atom and have no lone pairs of electrons. Option C.

Electron geometry and molecular geometry are the same when each electron group connects two atoms. The presence of an unbonded lone pair of electrons causes the geometry of the molecule to differ from the geometry of the electrons. The electron group geometry is determined by the number of electron groups.

On the other hand, the molecular structure depends not only on the number of electron groups but also on the number of free electron pairs. If the electron groups are all bond pairs, they are named exactly like the electron group geometry. A central atom with no lone pairs bonded to four other atoms has a tetrahedral shape.

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The Ecell decreases with an increase in molar concentration of [Zn2+].

Concentration cells work to establish equilibrium by transferring electrons from the cell with the decreased concentration to the cell with the higher concentration. The electrode capability distinction between the two half-cells may be calculated with the use of the Nernst equation.

Description. Zinc (II) ion, additionally known as ZN2+ or zinc ion, belongs to the elegance of inorganic compounds called homogeneous transition metal compounds. these are inorganic compounds containing only metallic atoms, with the most important atom being a transition metal atom. Zinc (II) ion is possibly impartial.

A concentration cell acts to dilute the extra-focused answer and pay attention to the more dilute answer, growing a voltage as the cell reaches an equilibrium. this is finished by using shifting the electrons from the mobile with the lower awareness to the cell with the better concentration.

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Answer:

[Zn2+] anode < [Zn2+] cathode

Explanation:

The anode is the electrode where electricity moves into. The cathode is the electrode where electricity is given out or flows out. Anode is going to be negative and the cathode is going to be positive.

Molecular exclusion chromatography can be used to measure the molecular mass of a protein as it separates the proteins on the basis of molecular mass.

Exclusion chromatography refers to those chromatographic techniques that divide sample components based on their molecular weight. Several of these methods are now under development, and it is practical to categorize them into two groups: sieving separations and gel permeation.

The chromatographic technique known as size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), also referred to as molecular sieve chromatography, separates molecules in solution based on their size and, in some situations, molecular weight. Proteins and commercial polymers are typical examples of big molecules or macromolecular complexes to which it is typically applied.

Thus, molecular exclusion chromatography can be used as it separates the proteins on the basis of molecular mass.

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Bi3+(aq) + 3H2O(l) --> BiO​​​​3-(aq) + 6H+(aq) + 2e is balanced half-reaction for the oxidation of bismuth ion to bismuth oxide ion in acidic aqueous solution.

What is balanced half reaction?

Half-reactions are another way for balancing redox reactions. Remember that a half-reaction is the oxidation or reduction that occurs and is treated individually. When the chemicals in the reaction are in aqueous solution, the half-reaction approach performs better than the oxidation-number method. Because the aqueous solution is usually acidic or basic, hydrogen ions or hydroxide ions are present.

In general, the half-reactions are first balanced separately by atoms. The half-reactions contain electrons. The amount of electrons lost is then balanced to equal the number of electrons acquired. Finally, the two half-reactions are combined. The oxidation of Fe2+ ions to Fe3+ ions in acidic solution by dichromate (Cr2O27) is an example. The dichromate ions are converted to Cr3.

i3+ --> BiO3-

First balance O with H2O and H with H+ ion.

Bi3+ + 3H2O --> BiO3- + 6H+

Now balance charge with e- and after this you will get balanced half equation in acidic medium is--

Bi3+(aq) + 3H2O(l) --> BiO​​​​3-(aq) + 6H+(aq) + 2e

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The product(s) formed from dehydration of the following alcohols with pocl3 in pyridine is 2-Methylpent-2-ene.

The dehydration word is composed of two words, de- means remove and hydration means water. The dehydration reaction is defined as the removal of water molecules from the substrate molecule.

We are told to find the product that would be expected POCl3 in pyridine.

The major product obtained in the above reaction is identified by considering the Saytzeff rule according to which the more substituted alkene is the major product due to its greater stability.

Therefore, on dehydration of  2-Methylpentan-3-ol gives 2-Methylpent-2-ene as the major product and 2-Methylpent-3-ene as the minor product.

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