The table below shows digestive enzymes and the reactions that they catalyse. What word goes in blank B?

The majority of the variation is found in single nucleotide polymorphisms in the human genome, homeotic genes, mitochondrial DNA, and tRNA-coding sequences.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms happen when one nucleotide, which functions as the basic unit of DNA, is changed for another.  also known as SNP. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may function as biological markers in DNA because they are related to the genes that are linked to a number of complex diseases, including Alzheimer's, schizophrenia, diabetes, cancer, and blood pressure.

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The assembly and disassembly of microtubules is necessary for the chromosomes to move to opposite poles during mitosis.

Microtubules are the part of the cytoskeleton that are hollow tube-like in structure. They are dynamic molecules and hence undergo assembly and disassembly. They are essential for cell growth, cell movement and also some signaling events.

Chromosomes are the compact form of packaged DNA. It is comprised of DNA and the histone proteins. A chromosome is composed of two sister chromatids joined together at the centromere. This compact form of DNA is the one that gets transferred from the parent to the offspring.

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The following symptoms are all caused by histamine generated by mast cells, with the exception of extreme fever

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The pollen tube will form, but it will not be directed toward the egg to be fertilised.

When the haploid megaspore nucleus divides, an embryo sac is said to form. It has two haploid nuclei and six haploid cells with no cell walls. In some cases, the haploid nuclei join together to form a single cell (endosperm motor cell). At the time of fertilisation, one male nucleus and one egg nucleus combine to form a zygote, which leads to the development of the embryo. The primary endosperm nucleus and the second male nucleus fuse to form the endosperm nucleus. A pollen tube develops into one of the female gametophyte's two synergid cells during the angiosperm fertilisation process.

Cell death occurs in the synergid cell into which the pollen tube grows, either before or after the pollen tube enters this cell. Synergid cells direct pollen tube growth toward the female gametophyte and aid in tube entry into the embryo sac.

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Answer:

life originated in oceand

Explanation:

the firat organisms were bacteria in the ocean that relyed on photosynthesis

We are not in a state of continuous infection from microbes we encounter every day as : the immune system provides an overlapping network of host defenses.

The immune system protects your body from outside invaders that may include germs such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, and toxins (chemicals made by microbes). A healthy immune system protects by creating a barrier that stops those invaders or antigens  from entering the body.

The immune system's job is to defend against disease-causing microorganisms and it's goal is to keep us healthy. The immune system is a vast and complex interconnected network of different organs, cells and proteins that work together to protect the body from illness.

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Semicircular ducts or Semicircular  Canals are  highlighted.

What are Semicircular Canals?

The semicircular canals are three small fluid-filled tubes in the inner ear that help you balance. Movement of the head causes fluid to splash within the semicircular canals, moving the tiny hairs that line each canal. These hairs translate fluid movement into neural messages sent to the brain. Your brain can tell your body how to maintain balance. When you twist and then stop, the fluid in the semi-circular channel travels a little longer, and the hair continues to send the message that it's spinning even though it's not. That's why you feel dizzy after carnivals and amusement park rides.

Therefore, Semicircular ducts or Semicircular  Canals are  highlighted.

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For the treatment of primary bladder neck blockage, alpha blockers are frequently employed.

Through the urethra, a catheter-shaped tube is introduced into the bladder. To remove the obstruction, this is done. To drain the bladder, a catheter will occasionally be inserted through the belly area. The term for this is a suprapubic tube.

Tricyclic antidepressants include imipramine (Tofranil). It causes the smooth muscles at the bladder neck to contract while relaxing the bladder muscle. Mixed incontinence, which combines urge and stress incontinence, may be treated with it. Imipramine is frequently given at night because it can make you sleepy.

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Because of the interaction between genes and environment, two people with the identical genotype may not exhibit the same phenotype.

The term "genotype" broadly refers to an organism's genetic make-up, or, to put it another way, the entire set of its genes. The phrase can also be used more specifically to describe to a gene's alleles, or variant versions, that an organism carries.

A genotyping is a rating of the kind of variant that is present at a specific locus (i.e., place) in the genome. Symbols are a form of representation. For illustration, BB, Bb, and bb may be used to denote a certain gene variant.

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When two distinct alleles for a particular trait are present in an individual, the allele which is expressed is known as the dominant trait whereas the allele which is masked is called the recessive trait.

The term 'heterozygous' is used for individuals which possess two different alleles for a particular trait. According to Mendel's law of dominance, traits are regulated by discrete units known as factors or genes. The genes which code for a pair of contrasting traits are called alleles.

The law further states that when two distinct alleles are present for a particular trait, only one of them is able to express itself and is known as the dominant trait while the other is known as the recessive trait.

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Answer:

A. Eating unhealthy food too often

Explanation:

Answer:

a) Eating unhealthy food too often

Explanation:

Eating unhealthy food too often will cause bad gut bacteria to grow. The diet given to our body with food should be healthy to avoid such bacteria from growing. Hence, the option (a) is the correct answer.

These names are significant because they enable clear communication about animal species among people all across the world.

In ponds where it lives, the northern leopard frog is probably a significant indicator of the water's quality. This species is an essential component of the food chain, and tadpoles, which are the main eaters of algae in ponds, can have a big impact.

These frogs are most easily recognized by their feet, which have claw-shaped toe bones as their last bone. They can also climb trees thanks to toe pads with small suction cups and extraskeletal structures on their toes. They are available in a number of hues, the most popular being green, gray, or brown.

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Answer: can we do this answer in the comments i really cant type half of my pc screen broke

Explanation:

Secretin is a gastrointestinal hormone that inhibits intestinal motility and the discharge of gastric acid, and stimulates the secretion of pancreatic fluid.

Secretin has three important functions: law of gastric acid, law of pancreatic bicarbonate, and osmoregulation. The most important physiological moves of secretin are stimulation of pancreatic fluid and bicarbonate secretion. S cells withinside the small gut emit secretin.

Secretin is secreted from S cells withinside the duodenum in reaction to H+ and fatty acids withinside the lumen. Specifically, a pH much less than 4.five indicators arrival of gastric contents, which initiates the discharge of secretin. GLP-1 is likewise produced withinside the small gut and secreted from L cells.

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Political party function involve putting where a candidate stand on the "issue" into writing is : designing a platform.

The goals , ideas , project and beliefs are the platforms in the politics. The political party is an organization that will coordinates with the candidates to compete in the particular country's election. the members of the political party will hold the similar ideas about the politics. the political party will be promote the specific ideology and the policy goals.

Thus, the designing a platform is the political party function that involve putting the candidate stand on the issue into the writing.

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Answer:

global warming

Explanation:

The simple greenhouse effect definition is the natural process when gases in the Earth's atmosphere trap the Sun's heat. Since global warming is the overall temperature of the planet in the long-term, that answer would make the most sense.

Miller and Urey demonstrated that a variety of chemical compounds, including amino acids, are created when methane, ammonia.

They discovered that the volcano-like experiment had generated the greatest amount of organic molecules, including 22 amino acids, 5 amines, and numerous hydroxylated molecules. which may have been made by hydroxyl radicals produced by the electrified steam.

The well-known Miller-Urey experiment showed that amino acids, crucial components of biological proteins, may be produced under simulated primordial terrestrial settings from basic starting elements.

The first proof that organic molecules required for life might be created from inorganic elements was supplied by the Miller-Urey experiment. The RNA world hypothesis, which contends that RNA was the primordial form of life, is backed by certain scientists.

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The most likely outcome of soil acidification is a modification of the nitrogen cycle that will be harmful to plant growth. When soil pH decreases over time, a process known as "soil acidification" occurs.

This process is accelerated by agricultural output, which may have an effect on both the topsoil and the subsoil.

The supply of nutrients, such as nitrogen, may decline if beneficial soil bacteria are prevented from recycling them. The amount of phosphorus available to plants in the soil has decreased, and calcium, magnesium, and molybdenum shortages could also occur. The ability of the plants to use the moisture in the subsoil may be hampered.

Therefore, we may conclude that a situation of soil acidification will almost surely lead to a change in the nitrogen cycle that would adversely influence plant growth.

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A healthy gene is inserted into the fertilized egg of an animal that has a particular genetic abnormality as part of germ line gene therapy. Several animal experiments have done this with success.

The most popular type of gene therapy involves replacing a defective gene with a normal gene that has been inserted. Alternating a defective gene with a functional one is another strategy. repairing a gene that is faulty.

The ability to introduce genetic material (RNA) into the right cell type or tissue is known as somatic gene therapy.

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A chytrid fungus has been connected to the ongoing global fall in frog numbers.

The fungus targets the keratin-containing areas of a frog's skin. Frogs have trouble breathing because they use their skin for respiration. The fungus also weakens the neurological system, which alters the behaviour of the frog. Chytridiomycosis is a condition that some hosts with B. dendrobatidis infection may go on to develop, though not all infected hosts do. Chytridiomycosis may spread through direct host contact or via an intermediary host, although other modes of transmission are currently unknown.

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Answer:

Interphase

Then, at a critical point during interphase (called the S phase), the cell duplicates its chromosomes and ensures its systems are ready for cell division. If all conditions are ideal, the cell is now ready to move into the first phase of mitosis.

Single-character hybrids, also known as monohybrids, are the offspring of two true-breeding parents who differ in just one character.

Monohybrids did not exhibit an intermediate trait, but rather resembled one of the two parents. The monohybrids show the trait and the trait is disguised when two true-breeding plants that are different in only one characteristic are crossed. The number of traits being studied in the progeny is the primary distinction between monohybrid and dihybrid crosses. One trait is expected to be inherited in a monohybrid cross. Monohybrid crossings occur when the parents are homozygous for the same trait but differ in another characteristic.

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The majority of animals must keep their internal body temperatures within a relatively small range. Endotherms keep their bodies warm by producing heat within.

Animals that employ metabolic heat production to maintain a steady body temperature are known as ectotherms. Instead, their body temperature varies in accordance with the ambient temperature.

Ectotherms, on the other hand, depend on behavior to control their body temperature. To cool off or warm up, they must move their bodies toward the sun or shade. In comparison to ongoing metabolic regulation, this uses less energy. This explains why many reptiles and other ectotherms may consume a substantial meal once and then go for a while without eating.

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The cell cycle's longest phase is called interphase. Before starting mitosis, cell develops and duplicates its DNA in this phase. Chromosomes line up, split, and move into new daughter cells .

In prophase, the chromosomes get shorter and thicker. chromosomes comes in the middle of the cell, during the metaphase, the chromosomes align. Chromatids break during the anaphase process and move to the opposing poles. Telophase: Two nuclei are formed when nuclear envelopes have reformed around chromosomal group.

There are two different types of cell division, the first of which is vegetative division—also known as mitosis—in which each daughter cell replicates the parent cell.

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When two identical copies of a gene are present, you are said to be homozygous for that gene. It contrasts with a heterozygous genotype, in which the alleles are distinct. Everyone who possesses a recessive trait, such as red hair or blue eyes, is homozygous for that gene.

Refers to a trait that can only be seen in homozygous individuals; it is a trait that is often hidden by other inherited qualities but persists in populations of heterozygous individuals.

When you are heterozygous, you have two distinct alleles as opposed to being homozygous. Each parent gave you a different version of themselves. The dominant allele in a heterozygous genotype prevails over the recessive one. As a result, the dominant trait will manifest.

That could be homozygous dominant or homozygous recessive, AA or aa. A person with two dominant "A" alleles for a certain gene is said to be homozygous dominant for that gene. A person with two recessive "a" alleles, or homozygous recessive, will have the genotype "aa."

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The transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels of gene expression are both regulated by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). There is proof that some non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) participate in epigenetic processes.

Abstract. Although RNA that does not encode a protein is often referred to as a non-coding RNA (ncRNA), this does not imply that such RNAs lack information or function.

The three main categories of short non-coding RNAs (small ncRNAs) are microRNAs (miRNA), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs).

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As with the human blood type AB (IA IB), codominance develops when both alleles exhibit dominance.

Genes that inherit according to the CODOMINANCE inheritance pattern define the type of blood a person has.A and B are the two codominant alleles, while R is the recessive allele (O).

Codominance.One common characteristic of people that you can't see very just by looking at them, but that many people are aware of, is their blood type.One A allele one and B allele are present in individuals with the blood type AB.Their blood type was AB since both alleles be expressed simultaneously.

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Humans reproduce via the reproduction that is taking place in this fertilization that is sexual. Humans reproduce via sexual reproduction.Humans reproduce via sexual reproduction.

These are defined as the thread like structures that are located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells and these each of them contain DNA and proteins.

 This karyotype represents human cells after fertilization.This karyotype represents human cells after fertilization. This is showing that the human cells that are representing the cells of human reproduction. Each individual inherits one of each pair from each parent.Each individual inherits one of each pair from each parent.

Each of the human genome contains 23 pairs of chromosomes where 22 are autosomes as clearly shown in picture and then one last is the sex chromosome pair where it can be XX or XY where XX is the female child and XY is the male child.

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correct Option is B) Growing crops/fish in separate tanks and enacting different selective pressures to observe evolutionary changes. towards pesticide resistance.

In addition to being feasible, co-farming fish and crops has advantages. Aquaponics is a method whereby excrement that pesticide resistance accumulates in fish tanks is evolutionary changes utilized as fertilizer for plants that are evolutionary changes grown hydroponically. These nutrients are removed from the water by the plants and may then be given back to the fish. After adding the water to your aquarium, you may immediately add plants evolutionary changes . The water will pesticide resistance still be cloudy if there is a substrate. You may always add plants to tanks that have already been constructed.

The complete question is :

Scientists have independently suggested which tactic for combating accidentally imposing artificial selection both for pesticide resistance and for altering fish body size?

A. Using a suite of different harvest strategies at once, such as pole-and-line fishing AND nets, and harvesting crops using equipment like combines AND hand picking

B. Growing crops/fish in separate tanks and enacting different selective pressures to observe evolutionary changes

C. Retaining areas where harvesting does not occur, which allows genetic diversity to be maintained in those areas

D. Harvesting both fish and crops when they are medium sized

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