There are many applications for hydrochloric acid. It is used for the production of chlorides, fertilizers and dyes, as well as in galvanic plating and in the photographic, textile and rubber industries.
Eyes, skin and mucous membranes are corroded by hydrochloric acid. In humans, acute (short-term) inhalation exposure may cause eye, nose, and respiratory tract irritation, as well as inflammation and pulmonary edema. Acute oral exposure can cause mucosal, esophageal, and stomach burns, and dermal contact can cause severe burns, ulceration, and scarring in humans. Gastritis, chronic bronchitis, dermatitis, and photosensitization have all been associated with chronic (long-term) exposure to hydrochloric acid. Long-term exposure to low concentrations can also cause tooth discoloration and erosion. Hydrochloric acid has not been classified as a carcinogen by the EPA.
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Explain the difference between an atom and an ion
Refer to attachment <(￣︶￣)↗
An atom is made up of subatomic particles and has an overall neutral charge. Which two subatomic
particles must be equal for the atom to have the overall neutral charge?
Answer: Protons and Electrons
Explanation:
Atoms are made up of 3 subatomic particles.
Protons (Positive Charge)
Electrons (Negative Charge)
Neutrons (Neutral Charge)
The number of protons must be equal to that of electrons in order for the overall charge to be neutral.
All side lengths of ΔJKL equal 2 units. A transformation maps ΔJKL to ΔJ'K'L'. The length of side J'K' is 5 units. Is this a rigid transformation?
No, there is no one-to-one mapping of all the points of the pre-image to the image.
No, at least one segment length is not preserved, making this a nonrigid transformation.
Yes, the vertices of the pre-image map to the vertices of the image.
Yes, all of the side lengths of the pre-image are proportionate to the image.
No, at least one segment length is not preserved, making this a nonrigid transformation.
This transformation is nonrigid since it does not retain the length of at least one segment.
An isometry, often known as a rigid transformation of the plane, preserves length.
Reflections, translations, and rotations, are a combination of these three transformations and are all considered "rigid transformations".
The idea of a rigid transformation is that neither the size nor the shape is changed.
The second response, which results in a unit with a length of 5 units, is valid because segment JK's length of 2 units is not preserved when it is mapped onto segment J'K'.
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What part of an atom takes up all the volume or space
The cloud of electrons surrounding the nucleolus of an atom takes up all the volume or space.
What is an atom?The simplest unit of matter is the atom. As matter makes up everything in the universe (apart from energy), atoms are the building blocks of matter.
The protons, neutrons, and electrons that make up an atom are three different types of incredibly small particles known as subatomic particles. The nucleus of the atom, which is made up of protons and neutrons, is where all the action happens, and an electron cloud flies around it.
In contrast to the protons, which have a positive charge, electrons have a negative charge. Both protons and electrons are equal in number in a typical (neutral) atom. The quantity of neutrons is also usually the same, though not always.
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Measure: Titrate the sulfuric acid analyte (H2SO4) with the sodium hydroxide titrant (NaOH).
How much 1.00 M NaOH is needed to neutralize the H2SO4?
The volume of the solution of NaOH required is obtained as 400 mL.
What is titration?The term titration has to do with the procedure by which an acid reacts with a base to give salt and water only. The process of titration is a volumetric process.
We can see that the reaction shows that 2 moles NaOH reacts with 1 mole of the acid.
Number of moles of acid= 2.0 mol/L x 0.1 L = 0.2 moles
Number of moles of base required = 2 x 0.2 = 0.4 moles
Number of moles of NaOH that we need = (x L)(1.0 mol/L) = 0.4 moles
Volume of NaOH that we need = 0.4 L or 400 mL
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Missing parts;
How many ml of 1.0 M NaOH solution are needed to neutralize 100 ml of 2.0 M H2SO4 solution
the kitchen drain is blockrd witb grease. using your knowledfe of chemical reactions and transfer of enerhy, how can tou unpljg this drain without physically touching the blockage
Following are the methods to unplug this drain without physically touching the blockage.
1. Pour hot, boiled water down a drain.
If you choose to attempt to clear a grease blockage on your own and you are certain that your plumbing system is made up of metal pipes rather than plastic, you might try flushing it out with hot water. If your pipes are constructed of plastic, we wouldn't recommend trying this because you run the risk of melting or weakening the joints.
2. Hot water and vinegar
A 50:50 solution of hot, boiling water and vinegar performs similarly to the commercial chemical drain cleaner (and is just as effective). The advantage of a homemade vinegar and water solution is that it is non-toxic and substantially less corrosive than commercial drain cleaners. Grease that has accumulated on the inside walls of your pipes is dissolved by warm water and vinegar. Give yourself another dose a few minutes later if the first dose doesn't work.
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NASA communicates with the Space Shuttle and International Space Station using Ku-band microwave radio. Suppose NASA transmits a microwave signal to the Space Shuttle using radio waves with a frequency of 14 GHz. Calculate the wavelength of these radio waves.
Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.
The wavelength of these radio waves with a frequency 14GHz is equal to 0.0214m.
What is microwave communication?Microwave transmission is the transmission of information by using electromagnetic waves within the frequencies 1GHz to 300GHz are called microwaves.
The transmission of signals either directly or via a satellite by sending microwaves. The receivers for microwave signals are disc-shaped antennae and are often seen installed in business locations or near private homes.
The relationship between frequency (ν) and wavelength (λ) can be expressed as follow:
λ = c/ν
Given, the frequency of the radiowaves = 14 GHz
Change the frequency into (per second) = 14 × 10⁹ s⁻¹
The wavelength of the radiowaves can be calculated from, λ = c/ν
where c = 3× 10⁸ m/s is the speed of light.
λ = c/ν = 3× 10⁸ m/s./ 14 × 10⁹ s⁻¹
λ = 0.0214 m
Therefore, the wavelength of these radio waves is equal to 0.0214m.
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Write a couple of sentences in you own words
Tell what group and period this element would be in from the picture below. 2pt
Describe how you determined it place using words like period, group, valence, energy shells 4pts
Determine what family it belongs to. 1pt
The picture shows the electronic configuration of Carbon which belongs to 14 group and 2nd period in the periodic table.
What do you mean by inert gas?A gas is said to be inert if it does not readily react chemically with other substances and does not afterwards produce chemical compounds. The noble gases, also known as the inert gases in the past, frequently do not react with numerous things.
In the figure there are 2 e in k shell 8 e in l shell and 2 e in last one. So total becomes 12 e. The Carbon contains 12 electron in shells , valence electrons are 2 electrons , group is 14 , period is 2 and family is Carbon family.
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Atoms bond together using chemical bonds;
chemical bonds are stored energy that hold atoms
together within a molecule. Would chemical bonds
be considered a form of kinetic energy or potential
energy? Explain.
Answer:
potential energy
Explanation:
they only store energy, so they’re not using it which would be kinetic energy.
The Sierra Nevada, a mountain range in California, is made largely of intrusive rock that was formed underground.Which process explains why rock that formed underground is now aboveground in the Sierra Nevada?
A.It was pushed upward by natural geologic processes.
B.It was left above the surface as the land around it sank.
C.It was weathered by the pressure from surrounding rock.
D.It was moved to the surface by volcanic eruptions
Answer: To me i think it’s “A” because one of the geological processes is
hydrothermal process which I think is also cooling down
1. State the general period and group trends among
main-group elements with respect to each of the
following properties:
a. atomic radii
b. first ionization energy
c. electron affinity
d. ionic radii
e. electronegativity
2. a. In general, how do the periodic properties of
the d-block elements compare with those of
the main-group elements?
b. Explain the comparison made in (a).
3. For each main-group element, what is the
relationship between its group number and
the number of valence electrons that the group
members have?
Explanation:
ok so I believe:
a. increase in atomic radii going down a group and decrease going across a period.
b. increase in IE1 going across a period and up a group. the highest IE1 elements are like He, Ne, F and first ionization energy decreases moving further away from those elements moving south west on the periodic table.
c. electron affinity increases moving across a period left to right.
d. ionic radii increases going down a group and decreases going across a period left to right
e. electronegativity increases across a period but decreases down a group. (opposite for electropositivity)
what is meant by the d-block elements? are you referring to the spdf location?
HELP ME 41 POINTS FR FR
A 224g sample of water cools down from 56°C to 20°C. The specific heat of water is 4.184 J/g°C. What amount of heat energy was lost?
When 224 g sample of water cools down from 56°C to 20°C with specific heat of water 4.184 J/g °C, the amount of heat energy lost is 33,739 J
Given that,
Mass (m) = 224 g
Specific heat (C) = 4.184 J/g ℃
Initial temperature = 56 ℃
Final temperature = 20 ℃
Heat energy = (mass) × (specific heat) × (change in temperature)
Q = m × C × ΔT
Q = 224 × 4.184 × (56 – 20)
Q = 224 × 4.184 × 36
Q = 33,739 J
Therefore, the heat energy that was lost in the process is 33,739 J
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Metallic aluminum reacts with MnO2 at elevated temperatures to form manganese metal and aluminum oxide. A mixture of the two reactants is 47.2% mass percent Al. Determine the theoretical yield (in gramsof manganese from the reaction of 250g of this mixture. Report to 3 significant figures .
To find the theoretical yield of the equation. First, identify the limiting reactant in a chemical equation.
Step 1: write out the equation and balance it.
Al+ 3mno2=3mn+ 2Alo3.
The limiting reactant is mn02 because it is not found in excess.
Step 2: convert the % to grams. All contain 47.2% mole and mno2 will be 100-47.2= 52.8
All=47.2÷100×250(total gram of the reactants)=118g
Mno2=52.8÷100×250g=132g.
Step 3:calculate the molar mass of mno2 and that of mn. The atomic mass of mn is 54.9380 and that of oxygen is 16.
Mno2=54.938+ (16)2=86.98g/mol.
Mn=54.938.
Step 4:
From your balanced equation, calculate mn.
132g mno2× (1mol mno2÷86.98(molar mass) of mno2×3 mol of mn/4molAl×54.938g of mn÷1mol of mn.
132g×1÷86.98g×3÷4×54.938÷1
=62.53g
What is the molar mass?
The molar mass of a chemical compound is defined in chemistry as the mass of a sample divided by the amount of substance, which is the number of moles in that sample, measured in moles. The molar mass of a substance is a bulk attribute, not a molecular property. The molar mass is an average of numerous instances of the compound, which often vary in mass due to isotopes present. The molar mass is most usually calculated from standard atomic weights and is thus a terrestrial average and a function of the relative abundance of the constituent atoms on Earth. For bulk quantities, the molar mass is ideal for converting between the mass of a substance and the amount of a substance.
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If you dive 66 ft underwater you will experience a pressure of 3.00 atmosphere. What is this in kilopascal?
If we are to express the pressure of the gas in kilopaschal then we have 303.9 kPa
What is pressure?We define the pressure of the gas as the force with which the gas is able to bump or hit or collide against the walls of the container in which the gas has been stored. In this case, we have been given the pressure of the gas but the unit in which the volume have been given is the unit of the atmosphere and we are asked by the question to express the pressure in the unit of kilopascal.
We know that from the use of the conversion factors;
1 atm = 101.3 kPa
3 atm = 3 atm * 101.3 kPa/ 1 atm
= 303.9 kPa
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a 3.0-l sample of helium was placed in a container fitted with a porous membrane. half of the helium effused through the membrane in 13 hours. a 3.0-l sample of oxygen was placed in an identical container. how many hours will it take for half of the oxygen to effuse through the membrane?
The total time taken by half of the oxygen to effuse through the membrane is 68.18 hours.
The rate of effusion can be calculated by :
r = V/t
r = 1.5 L/24hr
r = 0.0626 L/hr
According to Graham's Law, effusion is inversely proportional to the square root of their molar mass.
[tex]\frac{r1}{r2}[/tex] = √[tex]\frac{M2}{M1}[/tex]
The molar mass of He is 4 g/mol and molar mass of O is 32 g/ mol.
Putting the values
0.0626 L/hr ÷ [tex]r_{2}[/tex] = √32/4
[tex]r_{2}[/tex] = 0.022 L/hr
Therefore, the time taken for effusion of half of 3 L that is 1.5 L of oxygen is:
Time = 1.5 L/ 0.022L/hr = 68.18 hours
Hence, the total time taken by half of the oxygen to effuse through the membrane is 68.18 hours.
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what is the role water plays in how macromolecules function in the body ?
how does water help macromolecules carry out their functions ?
Answer:
binomial
Explanation:
because the fact that macromolecules is carry out with functions constant-1,2,3,4 etc
Q2. Calculate the number of moles of gas present in the following gases, at room
temperature and pressure, RTP, (20°C and atmospheric pressure). Assume molar
volume is 24dm³ or 24 000cm³.
a.
100cm³ of CO2
b. 200cm³ of H₂
150cm³ of ammonia, NH3
500cm³ of 0₂
200cm³ of methane, CH4
C.
d.
e.
f. 600cm³ of He
g. 2dm³ of N₂
ESO
Answer:
Calculate the number of moles of gas present in the following gases, at room
temperature and pressure, RTP, (20°C and atmospheric pressure).
If salinity does not change, how does seawater density change as temperature changes?
The density of water decreases as it becomes warmer, more space. When comparing two samples same salinity of water, sample with the higher temperature will have more volume and hence be less dense.
What causes the salinity?The accumulation of salt from rainfall over a long period of time or the weathering of rocks are two examples of natural processes that contribute to primary salinity.
How salinity is measured?By running an electric current between a salinity meter's two electrodes in a sample of soil or water, it is possible to determine the salinity of both water and soil. The quantity and make-up of dissolved salts affect the electrical conductivity, or EC, of a soil or water sample.
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If the volume of a sample of gas is doubled while holding the temperature of the gas constant, then the pressure of the gas is.
If the volume of a sample of gas is doubled while holding the temperature of the gas constant, then the pressure of the gas is half the initial pressure.
What is the effect of change in the volume of a gas at the constant temperature on the pressure of the gas?The relationship between the volume and pressure of a gas is given by Boyle's law of gases.
The equation of Boyle's law of gases is given as follows:
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
Where;
P₁ is the initial pressureP₂ is the final pressureV₁ is the initial volumeV₂ is the final volumeSolving for the final pressure of the gas;
V₂ = 2 V₁
P₂ = P₁ * V₁ / 2 V₁
P₂ = P₁ / 2
Hence, the final pressure is half the initial pressure.
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Will HCl donate a proton and act as a base?
Will water accept a proton to form a conjugate base?
Will HCl donate a proton and act as an acid?
Will HCl accept the proton and act as an acid?
Will water accept a proton to form a conjugate acid?
Will HCl accept the proton and act as a base?
Will HCl donates a proton and acts as an acid? Option C
Will water accept a proton and act as a conjugate base? Option F.
HCl is a Bronsted-Lowry acid because it is a proton donor, and H2O is a proton acceptor and Bronsted-Lowry base. Acids lose electrons and bases gain electrons. Acids and bases that work together in this way are called conjugate pairs, consisting of conjugate acid and a conjugate base.
Here we can see that the hydrogen ion moves from the HCl molecule to the H2O molecule, forming chloride and hydronium ions. As a hydrogen ion donor HCl acts as a Brønsted-Lowry acid. As a hydrogen ion acceptor H2O is a Brønsted-Lowry base. Bronsted acids are proton donors and thus donate H+. In this case, HCl is an acid because it donates its H+ to NH3. Lewis acids are electron acceptors. Acids are substances that can donate H+ ions to bases.
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A sample of natural sulfur consists of three isotopes:
95.0% sulfur-32 (31.97 amu)
0.75% sulfur-33 (32.97 amu)
4.21% sulfur-34 (33.96 amu)
Based on this information, what is the average molar mass of sulfur?
Answer
A
31.92 g/mol
B
32.00 g/mol
C
32.80 g/mol
D
32.05 g/mol
Average molar mass of sulfur is 32.80 g/mol
The average atomic mass of a chemical element is calculated by taking into account the atomic masses of its naturally occurring isotopes and their respective abundances
Here given data is
95.0% sulfur= 32 (31.97 amu)
0.75% sulfur= 33 (32.97 amu)
4.21% sulfur= 34 (33.96 amu)
We have to find average molar mass of sulfur = ?
Average molar mass = ∑i × isotope of i × abundance of i
Average molar mass = 31.97×95.0 + 32.97 ×0.75 + 33.96×4.21
Average molar mass = 32.80 g/mol
Average molar mass of sulfur is 32.80 g/mol
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a load of 30 - j 40 is connected to a source of 100 v with a phase angle of 30o , through a transmission line with an inductive reactance of 80 ohms. the total reactive power absorbed by the line is:
The total reactive power absorbed by the line is: 120-J 160 VA
Given that, a load of 30 - j 40 is connected to a source of 100 v with a phase angle of 30o , through a transmission line with an inductive reactance of 80 ohms.
[tex]current, $I=I_L=\frac{100 \angle 30^{\circ}}{30-j 40+j 80}=\frac{100 \angle 30^{\circ}}{30+j 40}$[/tex]
[tex]$=2 \angle-23.13^{\circ}$[/tex]
[tex]$\begin{aligned} V_L &=\left(100\left(30^{\circ}\right)-I(j 80)\right.\\ &=\left(100 < 30^{\circ}\right)-(2 L-23.13)(j 80) \\ &=100 L-76.26 \text { volts. } \end{aligned}$[/tex]
[tex]$\begin{aligned} \text { Power delivered toads }=& V_l I_L^* \\=&(100 < -76.26)(2 L-23.13)^* . \\=&(100 < -76.26)(1.839-j 0.786)^* \\ &=(100 < -76.26)(1.839+j 0.786) \\ &=(100 < -76.26)(2 L+23.13) \\ S &=120-j 160 \mathrm{VA} \end{aligned}$[/tex]
The component of complex power known as reactive power pertains to energy storage and retrieval rather than consumption. Real power, which really does work, and reactive power, which permits transformers to change, generators to produce, and motors to rotate, are the two types of power found in an AC power system.
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13.0 mol 3.0 mol methanegasand oxygengas react to form carbon dioxide gas and watervapor. suppose you have of and of in a reactor. suppose as much as possible of the reacts. how much will be left? round your answer to the nearest
The no. of moles of [tex]CH_4[/tex] remaining after the reaction is found to be 11.5 moles.
The no. of moles of a material equals the ratio of its given mass to the mass of one mole of that molecule in a chemical reaction.
The coefficients reflect the number of moles, not simply molecules, that react.
Stoichiometric coefficients are the numbers that come before the chemical formula of a molecule participating in a reaction. They assist us in determining the relative amounts or no. of moles of each reactant consumed and product created during a reaction.
[tex]CH_4 (g) + 2O_2 (g) \rightarrow CO_2 (g) + 2H_2O (g)[/tex]
No. of moles of [tex]CH_4[/tex] = 13.0 mol
No. of moles of [tex]O_2[/tex] = 3.0 mol
Here [tex]O_2[/tex] is limiting reagent because moles of [tex]O_2[/tex] is less.
Thus, [tex]CH_4[/tex] is in excess
1 mol [tex]CH_4[/tex] = 2 mol [tex]O_2[/tex]
x mol [tex]CH_4[/tex] = 3 mol [tex]O_2[/tex]
Moles of [tex]CH_4[/tex] used = 3 x 1 / 2 = 1.5 mol
Here we have 13 moles of [tex]CH_4[/tex],
Therefore,
No. of moles of [tex]CH_4[/tex] left = 13 - 1.5 = 11.5
Result:
11.5 moles of [tex]CH_4[/tex] will remain after the reaction.
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A water treatment plant needs to maintain the ph of the water in the reservoir at a certain level. To monitor this, they take 2 oz. Of water at 37 locations every hour, measure the ph at each of those locations, and find their average. If the ph level of the reservoir is ok, the results at each location will have varying results, with an average ph of 8. 5 and a standard deviation of 0. 22. If the ph level of the reservoir is ok, what is the probability that the sample average is more than 8. 42?.
14. On what substance might you find a plastic fingerprint? *
A.A bar of soap
B.On a door frame
C.A piece of paper
D.OA blood covered floor tile
Answer:
Soap
Explanation:
calculate the specific heat of a substance if it takes 6.7 j of energy to raise the temperature of 2.3 grams of the substance by 78°k
The specific heat is 0.00892181.
The specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a unit amount of the substance by 1 degree. At the specific heat Cp of the substance, we name the amount of heat supplied Q that causes a temperature change for the weight W of the substance. Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 Kelvin.
Specific Heat Capacity C or S The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree Celsius is called the specific heat capacity of the substance. Heat is often measured in joules J. The mass of the sample is denoted by m. The amount of heat is represented by Q. Heat is expressed in J or Joules. T is the temperature of the substance.
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an unknown compound containing tellurium and bromine is analyzed and it is determined that 28.53% of the compound by mass is composed of tellurium. what is the mass percent of br in the compound?
The mass percent of bromine in this tellurium and bromine compound is 71.47%.
If the compound is made up only of tellurium and bromine, then if the mass percent of tellurium is 28.53%, we can safely assume that the rest is bromine. So, we take the 100% and subtract the mass percent of tellurium to calculate the mass percent of bromine:
100% - 28.53% = 71.47%
The mass percentage of bromine in this compound is 71.47%.
We can even use this data and the molar masses of tellurium and bromine to calculate the empirical formula of the compound if needed.
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the specific rotation of a pure substance is 10degrees. a mixture of this substanc eand its enantiomer has an observed specific rotation of 2 degrees. what is the eprcentage of the excess steroisomer in the mixture
The percentage of the excess stereoisomer in the mixture c.25%.
Stereoisomerism, or spatial isomerism, is a form of isomerism wherein molecules have the same molecular components and series of bonded atoms, but fluctuate in the three-dimensional orientations of their atoms in space.
The observed rotation of the mixture is levorotary (terrible, counter-clockwise), and the precise rotation of the pure S enantiomer is given as dextrorotary (fantastic, clockwise), which means that the pure R enantiomer should be levorotary, and the mixture has to comprise extra of the R enantiomer than of the S enantiomer.
Enantiomers have the same chemical and bodily homes and are indistinguishable from every other except for the route of rotation of the plane of polarized mild. they're described as optically lively.
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Disclaimer:- your question is incomplete, please see below for the complete question.
the specific rotation of a pure substance is 10 degrees. a mixture of this substance and its enantiomer has an observed specific rotation of 2 degrees. what is the percentage of the excess stereoisomer in the mixture
a.50% b.75% c.25% d.0% e.80%
a heliox deep-sea diving mixture contains 2.0 g of oxygen to every 98.0 g of helium. what is the partial pressure of oxygen when this mixture is delivered at a total pressure of 8.2 atm ?
The partial pressure of oxygen when the mixture is delivered at pressure of 8.2 atm is 0.020 atm.
What is partial pressure?Each gas that makes up a mixture of gases has a partial pressure, which is the notional pressure of that gas as if it alone filled the original combination's complete volume at the same temperature.
The formula, which calculates partial pressure,
Total pressure = partial pressure Mole fraction
Mole proportion of oxygen in a mixture is equal to the sum of the moles of oxygen and helium.
109 grams are equal to one gigagram, or gg.
= 2 × 10⁹/32 /2 × 10⁹/32 + 98 × 10⁹ / 4
= 2.54 × 10⁻³
oxygen's partial pressure is equal to its mole fraction plus its overall pressure.
= 2.54 × 10⁻³ × 8.0 atm
= 0.02032 atm
= 0.020 atm
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