The first law of thermodynamics is AU--W+0. We here consider an ideal gas system which is thermally isolated from its surrounding, that is o-o always holds (there is no heat transfer). Now after this ideal gas system expands (volume increases), its temperature decreases.
Thermal expansion is a natural process where the volume of a substance changes due to temperature changes, and it occurs when the volume of an object increases due to an increase in temperature. According to the first law of thermodynamics, the internal energy of a system changes due to heat transfer and work done.
The first law of thermodynamics, also known as the law of conservation of energy, is based on the notion that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant. The energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be transformed from one form to another. Heat can be produced by doing work, and work can be done by adding heat to a system.
In this particular scenario, the ideal gas is thermally isolated from its surroundings, which means that there is no heat transfer. As a result, the first law of thermodynamics can be rewritten as
dU = dW.
Here, dU is the change in internal energy, and dW is the work done by the system.
When an ideal gas system expands (volume increases), the work done by the system is positive, and the internal energy decreases. As a result, the temperature decreases. The correct option is B. The temperature decreases.
Learn more about first law of thermodynamics here
https://brainly.com/question/26035962
#SPJ11
A single mass m1 = 3.4 kg hangs from a spring in a motionless elevator. The spring is extended x = 14 cm from its unstretched length.
1)
What is the spring constant of the spring? 238
N/m
2)
Now, three masses m1 = 3.4 kg, m2 = 10.2 kg and m3 = 6.8 kg hang from three identical springs in a motionless elevator. The springs all have the same spring constant that you just calculated above.
What is the force the top spring exerts on the top mass?199.92
N
3)
What is the distance the lower spring is stretched from its equilibrium length?28
cm
4)
Now the elevator is moving downward with a velocity of v = -2.6 m/s but accelerating upward with an acceleration of a = 5.3 m/s2. (Note: an upward acceleration when the elevator is moving down means the elevator is slowing down.)
102
What is the force the bottom spring exerts on the bottom mass?
N
5)
What is the distance the upper spring is extended from its unstretched length?128.6
cm
8)
What is the distance the MIDDLE spring is extended from its unstretched length? LOOKING FOR ANSWER TO #8
1) A single mass m1 = 3.4 kg hangs from a spring in a motionless elevator. The spring is extended x = 14 cm from its unstretched length.We have to calculate the spring constant of the spring.The spring constant of the spring is given by the equation below:k = (m*g) / xwhere,m = mass of the object, m1 = 3.4 kgx = displacement = 14 cm = 0.14 m g = 9.8 m/s², acceleration due to gravitySubstitute the given values in the above equation to get;k = (m*g) / xk = (3.4 kg * 9.8 m/s²) / (0.14 m)k = 238 N/m2) Now, three masses m1 = 3.4 kg, m2 = 10.2 kg and m3 = 6.8 kg hang from three identical springs in a motionless elevator. The springs all have the same spring constant that you just calculated above.
We have to calculate the force the top spring exerts on the top mass.The force the top spring exerts on the top mass is given by the equation below;F1 = k * x1where,F1 = force exerted by the top spring on the top mass, k = spring constant = 238 N/mx1 = displacement of the top spring = 14 cm = 0.14 mSubstitute the given values in the above equation to get;F1 = k * x1F1 = 238 N/m * 0.14 mF1 = 33.32 N3) We have to calculate the distance the lower spring is stretched from its equilibrium length.The displacement of the lower spring can be found using the equation for force exerted by a spring;F2 = k * x2where, F2 = force exerted by the middle spring, k = spring constant = 238 N/mx2 = displacement of the middle spring from the equilibrium length.
The force exerted by the middle spring is equal to the sum of the weights of the middle and the lower blocks since they are connected by the same spring. Thus,F2 = (m2 + m3) * gSubstituting the given values in the above equation,m2 = 10.2 kgm3 = 6.8 kgg = 9.8 m/s²F2 = (10.2 kg + 6.8 kg) * 9.8 m/s²F2 = 147.56 NThus,F2 = k * x2Therefore, x2 = F2 / k = 147.56 N / 238 N/m = 0.62 m = 62 cm.4) We have to calculate the force the bottom spring exerts on the bottom mass.The force the bottom spring exerts on the bottom mass is given by the equation below;F3 = m3 * (g - a)where,F3 = force exerted by the bottom spring, m3 = 6.8 kg g = 9.8 m/s², acceleration due to gravitya = 5.3 m/s², acceleration of the elevator in upward direction.
Substituting the given values in the above equation,F3 = m3 * (g - a)F3 = 6.8 kg * (9.8 m/s² - 5.3 m/s²)F3 = 29.96 N5) We have to calculate the distance the upper spring is extended from its unstretched length.The force exerted by the upper spring is equal to the sum of the weights of all the three blocks since they are connected by the same spring. Thus,F = (m1 + m2 + m3) * gSubstituting the given values in the above equation,m1 = 3.4 kgm2 = 10.2 kgm3 = 6.8 kgg = 9.8 m/s²F = (3.4 kg + 10.2 kg + 6.8 kg) * 9.8 m/s²F = 981.6 N
The displacement of the upper spring can be found using the equation for force exerted by a spring;F = k * xwhere,F = 981.6 Nk = spring constant = 238 N/mx = displacement of the upper spring from the equilibrium length.Substituting the given values in the above equation,x = F / k = 981.6 N / 238 N/m = 4.12 m = 412 cm.8) We have to calculate the distance the MIDDLE spring is extended from its unstretched length.The force exerted by the middle spring is equal to the sum of the weights of the middle and the lower blocks since they are connected by the same spring.
Thus,F = (m2 + m3) * gSubstituting the given values in the above equation,m2 = 10.2 kgm3 = 6.8 kgg = 9.8 m/s²F = (10.2 kg + 6.8 kg) * 9.8 m/s²F = 147.56 NThe displacement of the middle spring can be found using the equation for force exerted by a spring;F = k * xwhere,F = 147.56 Nk = spring constant = 238 N/mx = displacement of the middle spring from the equilibrium length.Substituting the given values in the above equation,x = F / k = 147.56 N / 238 N/m = 0.62 m = 62 cm.
Learn more about equilibrium here,
https://brainly.com/question/517289
#SPJ11
A 87.0 kg person is riding in a car moving at 24.0 m/s when the car runs into a bridge abutment. Calculate the average force on the person if he is stopped by a padded dashboard that compresses an average of 1.00 cm. Calculate the average force on the person if he is stopped by an air bag that compresses an average of 15.0 cm.
The average force exerted on the person if he is stopped by a padded dashboard that compresses an average of 1.00 cm is 5.54 * 10³ N, and the average force exerted on the person if he is stopped by an airbag that compresses an average of 15.0 cm is 2.60 * 10⁴ N.
The impact of a vehicle during an accident can result in serious injury or even death. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the force exerted on a passenger during an accident. Here are the calculations to determine the average force on the person if he is stopped by a padded dashboard that compresses an average of 1.00 cm and an airbag that compresses an average of 15.0 cm.
Mass of the person, m = 87.0 kg
Velocity of the car, v = 24.0 m/s
Compression distance by the padded dashboard, d1 = 1.00 cm
Compression distance by the airbag, d2 = 15.0 cm
The momentum of a body is given as:
P = m * v
The above equation represents the initial momentum of the passenger in the car before the collision. Now, after the collision, the passenger comes to rest, and the entire momentum of the passenger is absorbed by the padded dashboard and the airbag. Therefore, the force exerted on the passenger during the collision is:
F = Δp / Δt
Here, Δt is the time taken by the dashboard and the airbag to come to rest. Therefore, it is assumed that the time is the same for both cases. Therefore, we can calculate the average force exerted on the person by the dashboard and the airbag as follows:
Average force exerted by the dashboard,
F1 = Δp / Δt1 = m * v / t1
The distance over which the dashboard is compressed is d1 = 1.00 cm = 0.01 m. Therefore, the time taken by the dashboard to come to rest is:
t1 = √(2 * d1 / a)
Here, a is the acceleration of the dashboard, which is given as a = F1 / m.The above equation can be written as:F1 = m * a = m * (√(2 * d1 / t1²))
Therefore, the average force exerted by the dashboard can be calculated as:
F1 = m * (√(2 * d1 * a)) / t1 = 5.54 * 10³ N
Average force exerted by the airbag,
F2 = Δp / Δt2 = m * v / t2
The distance over which the airbag is compressed is d2 = 15.0 cm = 0.15 m. Therefore, the time taken by the airbag to come to rest is:t2 = √(2 * d2 / a)
Here, a is the acceleration of the airbag, which is given as a = F2 / m.
The above equation can be written as:
F2 = m * a = m * (√(2 * d2 / t2²))
Therefore, the average force exerted by the airbag can be calculated as:
F2 = m * (√(2 * d2 * a)) / t2 = 2.60 * 10⁴ N
Therefore, the average force exerted on the person if he is stopped by a padded dashboard that compresses an average of 1.00 cm is 5.54 * 10³ N, and the average force exerted on the person if he is stopped by an airbag that compresses an average of 15.0 cm is 2.60 * 10⁴ N.
Learn more about force at: https://brainly.com/question/12785175
#SPJ11
5. A screen is placed 1.20 m from two very narrow slits. The distance between the two slits is 0.030mm. When the slits are illuminated with coherent light, the second-order bright fringe on the screen (m=2) is measured to be 4.50 cm from the centerline. 5a. Determine the wavelength of the light. 5b. Determine the distance between bright fringes. 5c. Find the angular position of the interference maximum of order 4. 5d. If the slits are not very narrow, but instead each slit has width equal to 1/4 of the distance between the slits, you must take into account the effects of diffraction on the interference pattern. Calculate the intensity l of the light at the angular position obtained in part 5c in terms of the intensity lo measured at θ = 0.
5a. The wavelength of the light is 3.75 x 10⁻⁷ m.
5b. The distance between bright fringes is 0.045 m.'
5c. The angular position of the interference maximum of order 4 is 5.00 x 10⁻³ radians.
5d. The intensity l of the light at the angular position obtained in part 5c in terms of the intensity lo measured at θ = 0 is I = Io (sin 8.33 x 10⁻⁶)²
Given that,
Distance between the two slits d = 0.030mm = 3 x 10⁻⁵ m
Distance of the screen from the slits L = 1.20 m
Order of the bright fringe m = 2
Distance of the second order bright fringe from the centerline y = 4.50 cm = 4.50 x 10⁻² m
5a. To determine the wavelength of the light we use the formula:
y = (mλL)/d4.50 x 10⁻² = (2λ x 1.20)/3 x 10⁻⁵
λ = (4.50 x 10⁻² x 3 x 10⁻⁵)/2 x 1.20
λ = 3.75 x 10⁻⁷ m
Therefore, the wavelength of the light is 3.75 x 10⁻⁷ m.
5b. To determine the distance between bright fringes we use the formula:
x = (mλL)/d
Here, m = 1 as we need to find the distance between two consecutive fringes.
x₁ = (λL)/d
Where, x₁ is the distance between two consecutive fringes.
x₁ = (3.75 x 10⁻⁷ x 1.20)/3 x 10⁻⁵
x₁ = 0.045 m
Therefore, the distance between bright fringes is 0.045 m.
5c. To find the angular position of the interference maximum of order 4 we use the formula:
θ = (mλ)/d
Here,
m = 4θ = (4 x 3.75 x 10⁻⁷)/3 x 10⁻⁵
θ = 5.00 x 10⁻³ radians
Therefore, the angular position of the interference maximum of order 4 is 5.00 x 10⁻³ radians.
5d. If the slits are not very narrow, but instead each slit has a width equal to 1/4 of the distance between the slits, we take into account the effects of diffraction on the interference pattern.
We can calculate the intensity I of the light at the angular position obtained in part 5c in terms of the intensity Io measured at θ = 0 using the formula:
I = Io [sinα/α]²
Where
α = πb sinθ/λ
= π/4 (d/4)/L x λsinθ
= λy/L
= 3.75 x 10⁻⁷ x 0.045/1.20
= 1.41 x 10⁻⁸ radians
α = π/4 (3 x 10⁻⁵/4)/1.20 x 3.75 x 10⁻⁷
α = 8.33 x 10⁻⁶ radians
I = Io [(sinα)/α]²
I = Io [(sin 8.33 x 10⁻⁶)/(8.33 x 10⁻⁶)]²
I = Io (sin 8.33 x 10⁻⁶)²
Therefore, the intensity l of the light at the angular position obtained in part 5c in terms of the intensity lo measured at θ = 0 is I = Io (sin 8.33 x 10⁻⁶)².
Learn more about the interference:
brainly.com/question/22882887
#SPJ11
Consta When the glider has traveled along the air track 0.900 m from its initial position against the compressed spring, is it still in contact with the spring? Yes No A small glider is placed against a compressed spring at the bottom of an air track that slopes upward at an angle of 37.0° above the horizontal The glider has mass 7.00x 10-2 kg. The spring has 640 N/m and negligible mass. When the spring is released, the glider travels a maximum distance of 1.90 m along the air track before sliding back down. Before reaching this maximum distance, the glider loses contact with the spring.
What is the kinetic energy of the glider at this point? Express your answer in joules.
The kinetic energy of the glider when it loses contact with the spring is equal to the potential energy stored in the compressed spring, which is 259.2 Joules.
To determine the kinetic energy of the glider when it loses contact with the spring, we need to consider the conservation of mechanical energy.
The initial potential energy stored in the compressed spring is converted into kinetic energy as the glider moves along the air track.
At the point where the glider loses contact with the spring, all of the initial potential energy is converted into kinetic energy.
The potential energy stored in the compressed spring can be calculated using the formula:
Potential energy = (1/2) k [tex]x^2[/tex]
where k is the spring constant and x is the compression or displacement of the spring.
Given that the spring constant is 640 N/m and the glider has traveled 0.900 m against the compressed spring, we can calculate the potential energy:
Potential energy = (1/2) * 640 * [tex](0.900)^2[/tex] = 259.2 J
Therefore, the kinetic energy of the glider when it loses contact with the spring is equal to the potential energy stored in the compressed spring, which is 259.2 J.
So, the kinetic energy of the glider at this point is 259.2 Joules.
Learn more about kinetic energy here:
https://brainly.com/question/999862
#SPJ11
a
physics system in resonance
can someone answer a very extensive theory about it
Resonance is a fundamental concept in physics that occurs when a system vibrates at its natural frequency or multiples thereof, resulting in an amplified response. It plays a crucial role in various fields, including mechanics, electromagnetics, and acoustics. Resonance phenomena can be observed in a wide range of systems, from pendulums and musical instruments to electrical circuits and even large structures like bridges. Understanding resonance involves analyzing the underlying mathematical equations and principles governing the system's behavior. By studying resonance, scientists and engineers can design and optimize systems to maximize their efficiency, avoid destructive vibrations, and enhance performance. If you would like a more detailed explanation of resonance and its applications in a specific context, please provide further information or specify the area you are interested in.
Resonance is a fascinating concept that emerges when a system oscillates at its natural frequency, leading to a significant response. This phenomenon has extensive applications across various branches of physics, engineering, and other scientific disciplines. In the realm of mechanics, resonance can occur in simple systems like a mass-spring system or complex structures such as buildings. In electromagnetics, it manifests in circuits and antennas, while in acoustics, it contributes to the rich sounds produced by musical instruments. Analyzing resonance involves understanding the dynamics of the system, calculating natural frequencies, and exploring the effects of damping. Scientists and engineers utilize this knowledge to create efficient designs, avoid unwanted resonant frequencies, and optimize performance. Should you require further information about a specific area or application of resonance, feel free to provide additional details for a more tailored response.
To know more about electromagnetics.
https://brainly.com/question/23727978?referrer=searchResults
#SPJ11
Considering the resolution of analytical instruments is directly related to their wavelength, what is the smallest observable detail utilizing a 500-MHz military radar? O".0006m 60m 167m 1.67m 0.600m
The smallest observable detail utilizing a 500-MHz military radar is 0.6 meters. This means that the radar is capable of detecting objects or details that are larger than or equal to 0.6 meters in size.
The smallest observable detail, also known as the resolution, can be determined by considering the wavelength of the instrument.
In this case, we have a 500-MHz military radar, which operates at a frequency of 500 million cycles per second.
To find the wavelength, we can use the formula:
Wavelength = Speed of light / Frequency
The speed of light is approximately 3 x [tex]10^8[/tex] meters per second.
Substituting the values into the formula, we have:
Wavelength = (3 x [tex]10^8[/tex] m/s) / (500 x [tex]10^6[/tex] Hz)
Simplifying, we get:
Wavelength = 0.6 meters
Therefore, the smallest observable detail using a 500-MHz military radar is 0.6 meters.
In summary, the smallest observable detail utilizing a 500-MHz military radar is 0.6 meters.
This means that the radar is capable of detecting objects or details that are larger than or equal to 0.6 meters in size.
Smaller details or objects may not be discernible by the radar due to the limitations imposed by its wavelength.
Learn more about radar here:
https://brainly.com/question/31783853
#SPJ11
Find the potential difference at the customer's house for a load current of 109 A. V (b) For this load current, find the power delivered to the customer. kW (c) Find the rate at which internal energy is produced in the copper wires
The range of the quadratic function f(x) = 6 - (x + 3)^2 is [−3, [infinity]). The function is in the form of f(x) = a - (x - h)^2, where a = 6 and h = -3.
To find the range, we need to determine the maximum value of the function. Since the term (x + 3)^2 is squared and the coefficient is negative, the graph of the function is an inverted parabola that opens downwards. The vertex of the parabola is located at the point (-3, 6), which represents the maximum value of the function.
As the vertex is the highest point on the graph, the range of the function will start at the y-coordinate of the vertex, which is 6. Since the parabola extends indefinitely downwards, the range also extends indefinitely downwards, resulting in [−3, [infinity]) as the range of the function.
the range of the quadratic function f(x) = 6 - (x + 3)^2 is [−3, [infinity]). The function reaches its maximum value of 6 at x = -3 and continues indefinitely downwards from there.
Learn more about quadratic function here:
https://brainly.com/question/29775037
#SPJ11
A 2.00-nF capacitor with an initial charge of 5.81 μC is discharged through a 1.50-km resistor. dQ (a) Calculate the current in the resistor 9.00 us after the resistor is connected across the terminals of the capacitor. (Let the positive direction of the current be define such that > 0.) dt mA (b) What charge remains on the capacitor after 8.00 µs? μC (c) What is the (magnitude of the) maximum current in the resistor?
(a) The current in the resistor 9.00 µs after it is connected across the capacitor is 472 mA. (b) The charge remaining on the capacitor after 8.00 µs is 1.35 μC. (c) The magnitude of the maximum current in the resistor is 1.94 A.
(a) To calculate the current in the resistor 9.00 µs after it is connected across the terminals of the capacitor, we can use the equation for the discharge of a capacitor through a resistor:
I(t) = I0 * exp(-t / RC)
where I(t) is the current at time t, I0 is the initial current (equal to the initial charge divided by the initial time constant), t is the time, R is the resistance, and C is the capacitance.
Given:
C = 2.00 nF = 2.00 * 10^(-9) F
Q0 = 5.81 μC = 5.81 * 10^(-6) C
R = 1.50 km = 1.50 * 10^(3) Ω
First, we need to calculate the initial time constant (τ) using the formula: τ = RC.
τ = (1.50 * 10^(3) Ω) * (2.00 * 10^(-9) F) = 3.00 * 10^(-6) s
Then, we can calculate the initial current (I0): I0 = Q0 / τ = (5.81 * 10^(-6) C) / (3.00 * 10^(-6) s) = 1.94 A
Finally, plugging in the values, we can calculate the current at 9.00 µs (9.00 * 10^(-6) s):
I(9.00 * 10^(-6) s) = (1.94 A) * exp(-(9.00 * 10^(-6) s) / (3.00 * 10^(-6) s)) ≈ 0.472 A ≈ 472 mA
Therefore, the current in the resistor 9.00 µs after it is connected across the terminals of the capacitor is approximately 472 mA.
(b) To calculate the charge remaining on the capacitor after 8.00 µs, we can use the equation:
Q(t) = Q0 * exp(-t / RC)
Plugging in the values:
Q(8.00 * 10^(-6) s) = (5.81 * 10^(-6) C) * exp(-(8.00 * 10^(-6) s) / (3.00 * 10^(-6) s)) ≈ 1.35 μC ≈ 1.35 * 10^(-6) C
Therefore, the charge remaining on the capacitor after 8.00 µs is approximately 1.35 μC.
(c) The magnitude of the maximum current in the resistor occurs at the beginning of the discharge process when the capacitor is fully charged. The maximum current (Imax) can be calculated using Ohm's Law:
Imax = V0 / R
where V0 is the initial voltage across the capacitor.
The initial voltage (V0) can be calculated using the formula: V0 = Q0 / C = (5.81 * 10^(-6) C) / (2.00 * 10^(-9) F) = 2.91 * 10^(3) V
Plugging in the values:
Imax = (2.91 * 10^(3) V) / (1.50 * 10^(3) Ω) = 1.94 A
Therefore, the magnitude of the maximum current in the resistor is approximately 1.94 A.
To know more about capacitor click here:
https://brainly.com/question/31627158
#SPJ11
A 82.76 microC charge is fixed at the origin. How much work would be required to place a 14.48 microC charge 5.97 cm from this charge ?
A 82.76 microC charge is fixed at the origin. the work required to place the 14.48 microC charge 5.97 cm from the fixed charge is approximately [tex]2.14 * 10^{-6}[/tex] Joules.
To calculate the work required to place a charge at a certain distance from another fixed charge, we can use the formula for electric potential energy.
The formula for electric potential energy (U) between two point charges is given by:
U = (k * q1 * q2) / r
Where U is the potential energy, k is the electrostatic constant (9 x 10^9 Nm²/C²), q1 and q2 are the magnitudes of the charges, and r is the distance between the charges.
In this case, the charge fixed at the origin is 82.76 microC and the charge being placed is 14.48 microC. The distance between them is 5.97 cm.
Converting microC to C and cm to meters:
q1 = 82.76 x 10^(-6) C
q2 = 14.48 x 10^(-6) C
r = 5.97 x 10^(-2) m
Plugging in the values into the formula:
U = ([tex]9 * 10^9[/tex] Nm²/C²) * ([tex]82.76 * 10^(-6)[/tex] C) * ([tex]14.48 * 10^{-6} C)[/tex] / ([tex]5.97 * 10^{2}[/tex]m)
Simplifying the equation:
U ≈ [tex]2.14 * 10^{-6}[/tex] J
Therefore, the work required to place the 14.48 microC charge 5.97 cm from the fixed charge is approximately [tex]2.14 * 10^{-6}[/tex] Joules.
Learn more aboutfor electric potential energy here:
https://brainly.com/question/28444459
#SPJ11
Consider a simple model in which Earth's surface temperature is uniform and remains constant. In order to maintain thermal equilibrium, Earth must radiate energy to space just as quickly as it absorbs radiation Q1) Sunlight strikes the Earth at a rate of 1.74 x 1097 W, but only 70% of that energy is absorbed by the planet. (The rest is reflected back to space.) Given Earth's radius and assuming the planet has an emissivity of 1, what should be Earth's equilibrium surface temperature? A 245K(-28°C) C.265 K(-8°C) B. 255 K(-18°C) D. 275 K (+2°C) Q2) Instead, Earth's average surface temperature is 288 K (+15°C) due to greenhouse gases in the atmosphere that warm the planet by trapping radiation. What is Earth's effective emissivity in this simple model? A. 0.6 C. 0.8 B.0.7 D. 0.9 Q3) If Earth could not radiate away the energy it absorbs from the Sun, its temperature would increase dramatically. Assume all of the energy absorbed by Earth were deposited in Earth's oceans which contain 1.4 x 1021 kg of water. How long would it take the average temperature of the oceans to rise by 2°C?
Earth's equilibrium surface temperature is [tex]255 K (-18^0C)[/tex]. Earth's effective emissivity in this simple model is approximately 0.7. In approximately 200 years the average temperature of the oceans to rise by [tex]2^0C[/tex]?
Q1) In order to maintain thermal equilibrium, Earth must absorb and radiate energy at the same rate. Given that sunlight strikes Earth at a rate of [tex]1.74 * 10^1^7 W[/tex] and only 70% of that energy is absorbed, the absorbed energy is calculated to be [tex]1.218 * 10^1^7 W[/tex]. Assuming the planet has an emissivity of 1, we can use the Stefan-Boltzmann law to calculate Earth's equilibrium surface temperature. By solving the equation, the temperature is determined to be [tex]255 K (-18^0C)[/tex].
Q2) The greenhouse effect, caused by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, traps and re-radiates some of the energy back to Earth, keeping it warmer than the calculated equilibrium temperature. In this simple model, Earth's average surface temperature is [tex]288 K (+15^0C)[/tex]. To calculate the effective emissivity of Earth, we compare the actual emitted energy with the energy Earth would emit if it were a perfect black body. By dividing the actual emitted energy by the theoretical emitted energy, we find that the effective emissivity is approximately 0.7.
Q3)The specific heat capacity of water is approximately [tex]4186 J/kg^0C[/tex]. To find the total energy required to raise the temperature of [tex]1.4 * 10^2^1[/tex] kg of water by [tex]2^0C[/tex], the formula Q = mcΔT can be used, where Q is the energy, m is the mass, c is the specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature. Plugging in the values, we have [tex]Q = (1.4 * 10^2^1 kg) * (4186 J/kg^0C) × (2^0C) = 1.1 * 10^2^5 J.[/tex]
To calculate the time it would take for the oceans to absorb this amount of energy, we need to consider the rate at which energy is absorbed. Assuming a constant rate of energy absorption, we can use the formula Q = Pt, where Q is the energy, P is the power, and t is the time. Rearranging the equation to solve for time, t = Q/P, we need to determine the power absorbed by Earth. Given that Earth absorbs approximately 174 petawatts ([tex]1 petawatt = 10^1^5 watts[/tex]) of solar energy, we have P = 174 x 10^15 watts. Plugging in the values, [tex]t = (1.1 * 10^2^5 J) / (174 * 10^1^5 watts) = 6.32 * 10^9[/tex] seconds, or approximately 200 years.
Learn more about Stefan-Boltzmann law here:
https://brainly.com/question/30763196
#SPJ11
Early 20th-century models predicted that a hydrogen atom would be approximately 10⁻¹⁰ in "size." (a) Assuming that the electron and proton are separated by r = 1.0 x 10⁻¹⁰ m, calculate the magnitude (in N) of the electrostatic force attracting the particles to each other. _________ N (b) Calculate the electrostatic potential energy (in eV) of a hydrogen atom (an atom containing one electron, one proton, and possibly one, two, or three neutrons-which do not participate in electrostatic interactions). ____________ eV
(a) Assuming that the electron and proton are separated by r = 1.0 x 10⁻¹⁰ m, calculate the magnitude (in N) of the electrostatic force attracting the particles to each other2.304N.(b)The electrostatic potential energy of a hydrogen atom is approximately -14.4 × 10^(19) eV.
(a) To calculate the magnitude of the electrostatic force between the electron and proton in a hydrogen atom, we can use Coulomb's law. Coulomb's law states that the force between two charged particles is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Coulomb's law equation:
F = k × (|q₁| × |q₂|) / r^2
where F is the force, k is the electrostatic constant (9 × 10^9 N m²/C²), q₁ and q₂ are the magnitudes of the charges, and r is the distance between the charges.
In the case of a hydrogen atom, the charges involved are the charge of the electron (e = 1.6 × 10^(-19) C) and the charge of the proton (e = 1.6 × 10^(-19) C). The distance between them is given as r = 1.0 × 10^(-10) m.
Substituting the values into the equation:
F = (9 × 10^9 N m²/C²) × ((1.6 × 10^(-19) C) × (1.6 × 10^(-19) C)) / (1.0 × 10^(-10) m)²
F ≈ 2.304 N
Therefore, the magnitude of the electrostatic force attracting the electron and proton in a hydrogen atom is approximately 2.304 N.
(b) The electrostatic potential energy of a hydrogen atom can be calculated using the equation:
Potential energy = -k × (|q₁| * |q₂|) / r
In this case, we consider the potential energy of the electron and proton interaction.
Substituting the given values:
Potential energy = -(9 × 10^9 N m²/C²) × ((1.6 × 10^(-19) C) × (1.6 × 10^(-19) C)) / (1.0 × 10^(-10) m)
Potential energy ≈ -2.304 J
To convert the potential energy from joules (J) to electron volts (eV), we can use the conversion factor:
1 eV = 1.6 × 10^(-19) J
Converting the potential energy:
Potential energy = (-2.304 J) / (1.6 × 10^(-19) J/eV)
Potential energy ≈ -14.4 × 10^(19) eV
Therefore, the electrostatic potential energy of a hydrogen atom is approximately -14.4 × 10^(19) eV.
To learn more about Coulomb's law visit: https://brainly.com/question/506926
#SPJ11
A camera is supplied with two interchangeable lenses, whose focal lengths are 22.0 and 130.0 mm. A woman whose height is 1.43 m stands 7.70 m in front of the camera. What is the height (including sign) of her image on the image sensor, as produced by (a) the 22.0-mm lens and (b) the 130.0-mm lens?
Answers are not -0.0004 and -0.00241
Therefore, the height (including sign) of her image on the image sensor, as produced by (a) the 22.0-mm lens and (b) the 130.0-mm lens is (a) -0.00407 m and (b) -0.024 m.
Given,Height of the woman, h = 1.43 mDistance between the woman and the camera, u = 7.70 mThe camera is supplied with two interchangeable lenses,f1 = 22.0 mmf2 = 130.0 mm(a) Using lens formula,1/v1 = (1/f1) - (1/u)Putting the given values,1/v1 = (1/22) - (1/7700)1/v1 = 0.0455 - 0.0001299v1 = 21.934 mHeight of the image formed using the 22.0 mm lens = magnification × height of the objectM = -v1/uM = -21.934/7.70M = -2.85Height of the image = M × hHeight of the image = -2.85 × 1.43Height of the image = -4.0659 m = -0.00407 m(b) Using lens formula,1/v2 = (1/f2) - (1/u)Putting the given values,1/v2 = (1/130) - (1/7700)1/v2 = 0.00761 - 0.0001299v2 = 129.41 mmHeight of the image formed using the 130.0 mm lens = magnification × height of the objectM = -v2/uM = -0.0168Height of the image = M × hHeight of the image = -0.0168 × 1.43Height of the image = -0.02396 m = -0.024 m. Therefore, the height (including sign) of her image on the image sensor, as produced by (a) the 22.0-mm lens and (b) the 130.0-mm lens is (a) -0.00407 m and (b) -0.024 m.
To know more about lens visit:
https://brainly.com/question/30737290
#SPJ11
An Aeroplane considered punctual, flies at a fixed altitude h = 500 m with a constant speed vA = 240 km /h. It releases a package C of supposedly point mass m, at t =0, when it passes vertical to the point O, the origin of the marker associated with the terrestrial reference frame of the study. The package touches the ground at a point P such as OP = 670 m. All friction forces due to air will be neglected.
What is the initial speed of the package?
The package takes approximately 0.00279 hours (10.04 seconds) to reach the ground. The horizontal displacement remains constant at 670 m, and the vertical displacement is determined by the equation t^2 = (2h) / g, resulting in a height of 500 m.
The punctual airplane releases a package at a fixed altitude and constant speed. The package reaches the ground at a specific point, and friction forces are disregarded.
Considering the given scenario, where the airplane is flying at a fixed altitude of 500 m with a constant speed of 240 km/h, it releases a package at time t = 0 when it passes vertically over the origin point O. The package's trajectory can be analyzed to determine its motion.
Since the package reaches the ground at point P with a distance OP of 670 m, we can infer that the horizontal displacement of the package, denoted as x, is 670 m. Since the airplane maintains a constant speed throughout, the horizontal velocity of the package, denoted as vx, will also be constant.
The time taken by the package to reach the ground can be calculated using the equation of motion: x = v*t, where x is the displacement, v is the velocity, and t is the time. Rearranging the equation, we have t = x / v. Substituting the given values, t = 670 m / (240 km/h) = 670 m / (240,000 m/h) = 0.00279 hours.
To determine the vertical motion of the package, we can use the equation of motion for constant acceleration: h = (1/2) * g * t^2, where h is the height, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and t is the time. Rearranging the equation, we have t^2 = (2h) / g. Substituting the given values, t^2 = (2 * 500 m) / (9.8 m/s^2) = 102.04 s^2.
Therefore, the package takes approximately 0.00279 hours (10.04 seconds) to reach the ground. The horizontal displacement remains constant at 670 m, and the vertical displacement is determined by the equation t^2 = (2h) / g, resulting in a height of 500 m. Neglecting friction forces, these calculations provide an understanding of the motion of the package released by the punctual airplane.
Learn more about trajectory of an object:
https://brainly.com/question/25635707
#SPJ11
The emitted power from an antenna of a radio station is 10 kW. The intensity of radio waves arriving at your house 5 km away is 31.83 μW m⁻². i. Determine the average energy density of the radio waves at your house. ii. Determine the maximum electric field seen by the antenna in your radio.
The average energy density of the radio waves at your house is 6.37 x 10⁻¹⁴ J m⁻³ and the maximum electric field seen by the antenna in your radio is 1.94 x 10⁻⁴ V m⁻¹.
i. Power emitted by the radio station antenna, P = 10 kW = 10,000 W
The distance from the radio station antenna to the house, r = 5 km = 5000 m
Intensity of radio waves at the house, I = 31.83 μW m⁻² = 31.83 x 10⁻⁶ W m⁻²
Formula:
The average energy density of the radio waves is given by the formula,
ρ = I / (2c)
The maximum electric field at any point due to an electromagnetic wave is given by the formula,
E = (Vm) / c
Where
c = Speed of light in vacuum = 3 x 10⁸ m/s
Substitute the given values in the formula,
ρ = I / (2c)
ρ = (31.83 x 10⁻⁶) / (2 x 3 x 10⁸)
ρ = 6.37 x 10⁻¹⁴ J m⁻³
Thus, the average energy density of the radio waves at your house is 6.37 x 10⁻¹⁴ J m⁻³.
ii. To determine the maximum electric field seen by the antenna in your radio.
Substitute the given values in the formula,
E = (Vm) / c10 kW = (Vm²) / (2 x 377 x 3 x 10⁸)Vm²
= 10 kW x 2 x 377 x 3 x 10⁸Vm²
= 4.52 x 10¹⁵Vm = 2.13 x 10⁸ V
The maximum electric field,
E = (Vm) / c
E = (2.13 x 10⁸) / 3 x 10⁸
E = 1.94 x 10⁻⁴ V m⁻¹
Thus, the maximum electric field seen by the antenna in your radio is 1.94 x 10⁻⁴ V m⁻¹.
Learn more about Electric field:
https://brainly.com/question/19878202
#SPJ11
You are assigned the design of a cylindrical, pressurized water tank for a future colony on Mars, where the acceleration due to gravity is 3.71 m/s2. The pressure at the surface of the water will be 135 kPa , and the depth of the water will be 14.2 m. The pressure of the air outside the tank, which is elevated above the ground, will be 89.0 kPa. Find the rest toward tore on the war benom, of area 1.75 m2 exerted by the water and we inside the tank and the air outside the lar. Assume that the density of water is 100 g/cm3. Express your answer in newtons
The upward force on the water tank is approximately 399.215 N.
Acceleration due to gravity, g on Mars is 3.71 m/s²
Pressure at the surface of the water is 135 kPa
Depth of the water is 14.2 m
Pressure of the air outside the tank is 89.0 kPa
Density of water is 100 g/cm³
Area of the water tank is 1.75 m²
Find the water pressure at the bottom of the tank as follows:
P = ρgh
where ρ is the density of water, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the depth of the water.
P = (100 g/cm³) × (9.81 m/s²) × (14.2 m) = 139362 Pa
The total pressure acting on the tank is the sum of the pressure due to the water and the air outside the tank.
P_total = P_water + P_air
P_total = 139362 Pa + 89000 Pa = 228362 Pa
The upward force on the tank due to the water and the air is:
F_upward = P_total × A
where A is the area of the water tank.
F_upward = (228362 Pa) × (1.75 m²)
F_upward = 399.215 N
Therefore, the upward force on the water tank is approximately 399.215 N.
Learn more about density: https://brainly.com/question/26364788
#SPJ11
What does it cost to cook a chicken for 1 hour in an oven that operates at 20 Ampere Ter 220 Volt if the electric company charge 60 fils per kWh A. 264 Fils B. 528 Fils C. 352 Fils D. 176 Fils through a surface varies with time 1 Ibr
The cost to cook a chicken for 1 hour in the given oven is 264 fils. Option A: 264 Fils. Voltage is the pressure from an electrical circuit's power source that pushes charged electrons (current) through a conducting loop, enabling them to do work such as illuminating a light. In brief, voltage = pressure, and it is measured in volts (V).
To calculate the cost of cooking a chicken for 1 hour in the given oven, we need to determine the total energy consumed by the oven during that time and then calculate the cost based on the electric company's charge.
The power consumed by the oven can be calculated using the formula:
Power (P) = Voltage (V) x Current (I)
Given:
Voltage (V) = 220 Volts
Current (I) = 20 Amperes
Using the values, we can calculate the power consumed by the oven:
P = 220 V x 20 A
P = 4400 Watts
To calculate the energy consumed, we need to convert the power from Watts to kilowatts and then multiply it by the time in hours:
Energy (E) = Power (P) x Time (t)
Given:
Time (t) = 1 hour
Converting the power from Watts to kilowatts:
Power (P) = 4400 Watts = 4.4 kilowatts
Calculating the energy consumed:
E = 4.4 kW x 1 hour
E = 4.4 kilowatt-hours (kWh)
Now we can calculate the cost using the electric company's charge:
Cost = Energy (E) x Cost per kWh
Given:
Cost per kWh = 60 fils
Calculating the cost:
Cost = 4.4 kWh x 60 fils/kWh
Cost = 264 fils
To know more about electrons
https://brainly.com/question/12001116
#SPJ11
You reproduce Young's experiment using a helium-neon laser. If the distance
between five black bangs is 2.1 cm, the distance from the screen is 2.5 m and the distance
between the two slits is 0.30 mm, determine the wavelength of the laser.
To determine the wavelength of a helium-neon laser in Young's experiment, we can use the formula for fringe separation.
Given the distance between five black bands, the distance from the screen, and the distance between the two slits, we can calculate the wavelength of the laser.
In Young's experiment, the fringe separation can be given by the formula Δy = λL/d, where Δy is the distance between fringes (in this case, the distance between five black bands), λ is the wavelength of the laser, L is the distance from the screen, and d is the distance between the two slits.
Rearranging the formula, we have λ = Δy * d / L. Plugging in the given values of Δy = 2.1 cm, d = 0.30 mm, and L = 2.5 m, we can calculate the wavelength of the laser.
Learn more about fringe separation here:
https://brainly.com/question/12288897
#SPJ11
If the force in cable AB is 350 N, determine the forces in cables AC and AD and the magnitude of the vertical force F.
Given that force in cable AB is 350 N, determine the forces in cables AC and AD and the magnitude of the vertical force F.
The forces in cables AC and AD are as follows: Force in cable AC: Force in cable AC = Force in cable AB cos 30°Force in cable AC = 350 cos 30°Force in cable AC = 303.11 N Force in cable AD: Force in cable AD = Force in cable AB sin 30°Force in cable AD = 350 sin 30°Force in cable AD = 175 N To find the magnitude of the vertical force F, we have to find the vertical components of forces in cables AD, AB, and AC: Force in cable AD = 175 N (vertical component = 175 N)Force in cable AB = 350 N (vertical component = 350 sin 30° = 175 N)Force in cable AC = 303.11 N (vertical component = 303.11 sin 30° = 151.55 N)Now, we can find the magnitude of the vertical force F as follows:F = 175 + 175 + 151.55F = 501.55 N. Therefore, the forces in cables AC and AD are 303.11 N and 175 N, respectively, and the magnitude of the vertical force F is 501.55 N.
Learn more on component here:
brainly.in/question/34854484
#SPJ11
Two charges 91 and 42 are placed on the x-axis. Charge 41=3.5 nC is at x=2.5 m and charge 92=-1.5 nC is at x=-2.0m. What is the electric potential at the origin? Use k=9.0x10 N·m2/C2 and 1 nC = 10°C. 0 -5.9V 5.9 V -19 V O 19v
The electric potential at the origin is approximately -5.9 V. So, the correct answer is -5.9 V.
To calculate the electric potential at the origin, we need to consider the contributions from both charges. The electric potential at a point due to a single point charge is given by the formula:
V = k * q / r
Where V is the electric potential, k is the electrostatic constant (9.0 x 10^9 N·m^2/C^2), q is the charge, and r is the distance from the charge to the point of interest.
Let's calculate the electric potential due to each charge separately:
For charge q1 = 3.5 nC at x = 2.5 m:
r1 = distance from q1 to the origin = 2.5 m
V1 = k * q1 / r1 = (9.0 x 10^9 N·m^2/C^2) * (3.5 x 10^-9 C) / (2.5 m)
For charge q2 = -1.5 nC at x = -2.0 m:
r2 = distance from q2 to the origin = 2.0 m
V2 = k * q2 / r2 = (9.0 x 10^9 N·m^2/C^2) * (-1.5 x 10^-9 C) / (2.0 m)
Now, we can calculate the total electric potential at the origin by adding the contributions from both charges:
V_total = V1 + V2
Substituting the values:
V_total = [(9.0 x 10^9 N·m^2/C^2) * (3.5 x 10^-9 C) / (2.5 m)] + [(9.0 x 10^9 N·m^2/C^2) * (-1.5 x 10^-9 C) / (2.0 m)]
Evaluating this expression, we find:
V_total ≈ -5.9 V
Therefore, the electric potential at the origin is approximately -5.9 V.
Learn more about electric potential
https://brainly.com/question/2844445
#SPJ11
A parallel plate capacitor has area 1 m^2 with the plates separated by 0.1 mm. What is the capacitance of this capacitor? 8.85x10^-8 F 8.85x10^-11 F 8.85x10^-12 F 10,000 F
Therefore, the capacitance of the given parallel plate capacitor is 8.85 x 10^-12 F.
The capacitance of the given parallel plate capacitor is 8.85 x 10^-12 F. Capacitance is the property of a capacitor, which represents the ability of a capacitor to store the electric charge. It is represented by the formula: C = Q/V, Where C is the capacitance, Q is the charge on each plate and V is the potential difference between the plates. In this case, the area of the parallel plates is given as 1 m² and the distance between them is 0.1 mm = 0.1 × 10^-3 m. Thus, the distance between the plates (d) is 0.1 × 10^-3 m.
The formula for capacitance of parallel plate capacitor is given as: C = εA/d Where ε is the permittivity of the medium (vacuum in this case), A is the area of the plates and d is the distance between the plates. Substituting the given values, we get,C = 8.85 × 10^-12 F (approx). Therefore, the capacitance of the given parallel plate capacitor is 8.85 x 10^-12 F.
To know more about capacitor visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29080868
#SPJ11
Why as shown in the figure below, starting in a reglon of zero magnetic fleid, and then entering a reglon of uniform maghetie field, pointing leto the page, with a How long (in s) is the electron in the regian of nonzero fiesd? b) The electron penetretes a maximum depth of 2.10 cm into the reglon of nonzero field. What is the kinetic energy (in ev) of the eictron? eY
A) The electron is in the region of nonzero field for 3.5 × 10^-9 seconds.b) The kinetic energy of the electron is 6.44 × 10^5 eV.
a) The formula used to find the time taken by the electron in the region of the nonzero field is given by,t = L / v
where L is the distance travelled and v is the velocity of the electron.t = 2.1 × 10^-2 / (6.0 × 10^6)t = 3.5 × 10^-9 secondsb)
The formula used to find the kinetic energy of the electron is given by,K.E = 1/2 × m × v^2
where m is the mass of the electron and v is its velocity.
Here, we can use the value of v obtained in part (a).K.E = 1/2 × 9.11 × 10^-31 × (6.0 × 10^6)^2K.E = 1.03 × 10^-13 J
To convert this into eV, we divide by the charge of an electron, which is 1.6 × 10^-19 C.K.E = 1.03 × 10^-13 / 1.6 × 10^-19K.E = 6.44 × 10^5 eV
Answer: a) The electron is in the region of nonzero field for 3.5 × 10^-9 seconds.b) The kinetic energy of the electron is 6.44 × 10^5 eV.
Know more about kinetic energy here,
https://brainly.com/question/999862
#SPJ11
For the circuit shown, the battery voltage is 9.0 V, and the current in the circled resistor is 0.50 mA. Calculate the value of R. (15 points) 8 . Three long, straight wires carry currents, as shown. Calculate the resulting magnetic field at point P indicated.
For the circuit shown,
the battery voltage is 9.0 V,
and the current in the circled resistor is 0.50 mA.
Calculate the value of R:
Given
Battery voltage V = 9 V
Current in the circled resistor I = 0.50 mA
We know that the voltage V across the resistor R is given by:
V = IR Where, I is the current and R is the resistance of the resistor R.
Rearranging the above formula, we get:
R = V/I
Plugging in the values, we get:
R = 9V/0.50 mA
R = 18000 Ω
Three long, straight wires carry currents, as shown.
Calculate the resulting magnetic field at point P indicated.
Given:
Current in the wire AB = 20 A
Current in the wire BC = 10 A
Current in the wire CD = 30 A
Distance of point P from wire AB = 0.1 m
Distance of point P from wire BC = 0.1 m
Distance of point P from wire CD = 0.1 m
To find:
Resulting magnetic field at point P indicated (B) We know that the magnetic field produced by a straight wire carrying a current is given by:
B = μ₀/2π * I/R
Where,μ₀ = Permeability of free space = 4π x 10⁻⁷ Tm/A
R = Distance from the wire carrying current I
Plugging in the values for wire AB, we get:
B₁ = μ₀/2π * I/R₁
B₁ = 4π x 10⁻⁷ Tm/A * 20 A / 0.1 m
B₁ = 3.2 x 10⁻⁵ T
Now, we have to find the magnetic field at point P due to wire BC. The wire BC is perpendicular to the line joining wire AB and point P.
So, there is no magnetic field at point P due to wire BC.
Hence, B₂ = 0
Similarly, the magnetic field at point P due to wire CD is given by:
B₃ = μ₀/2π * I/R₃
B₃ = 4π x 10⁻⁷ Tm/A * 30 A / 0.1 m
B₃ = 4.8 x 10⁻⁵ T
The direction of the magnetic field B₂ will be perpendicular to the plane containing wire AB and CD, and is into the plane.
So, the resulting magnetic field at point P is given by:
B = B₁ + B₂ + B₃
B = 3.2 x 10⁻⁵ T + 0 + 4.8 x 10⁻⁵ T
B = 8.0 x 10⁻⁵ T
Therefore, the resulting magnetic field at point P indicated is 8.0 x 10⁻⁵ T.
Learn more about resulting magnetic field here
https://brainly.in/question/1172708
#SPJ11
The speed of an alpha particle is determined to be 3.35×106 m/s. If all of its kinetic energy is acquired by passing through an electric potential, what is the magnitude of that potential?
Speed of alpha particle = 3.35 × 106 m/s
Kinetic energy = potential energy
We know that kinetic energy = (1/2)mv2, Where, m = mass of alpha particle = 6.644 × 10−27 kg, v = velocity of alpha particle = 3.35 × 106 m/s
Using the above formula we can calculate the kinetic energy as
Kinetic energy = (1/2) × 6.644 × 10−27 × (3.35 × 106)2
Kinetic energy = 3.163 × 10−13 J
Let V be the potential magnitude acquired by alpha particle
Potential energy = qV Where, q = charge on alpha particle = 2 × 1.602 × 10−19 Potential energy = 2 × 1.602 × 10−19 × V
Now, as given, kinetic energy = potential energy
Therefore, 3.163 × 10−13 = 2 × 1.602 × 10−19 × V
On solving the above equation we get, V = (3.163 × 10−13) / (2 × 1.602 × 10−19)
Hence, the magnitude of potential acquired by alpha particle is V = 988000 V.
Explore another question on alpha particles here: https://brainly.com/question/15398619
#SPJ11
A proton traveling at 31.1° with respect to the direction of a magnetic field of strength 2.75 mT experiences a magnetic force of 6.87 × 10-17 N. Calculate (a) the proton's speed and (b) its kinetic energy in electron-volts. * (2 Points) 523019.32 m/s, 1342 eV 301900.0481 m/s, 475.062 eV 301900.0481 m/s, 320.25 eV 523019.32 m/s, 475.062 eV 398756.42 m/s, 826.03 eV
In order to make a slider that can slide as quickly as possible down an inclined plane that is lubricated with SAE 10W-40,
the following points should be kept in mind:
A) Objective: The objective of the design is to create a slider that can slide as quickly as possible down an inclined plane that is lubricated with SAE 10W-40. The design must ensure that the slider slides as quickly as possible.
B) Slider: The mass of the slider must be no more than 0.5 kg, and it should be made of any metal alloy that is latex free. The material used should not cause an allergic reaction in people who have a latex allergy.
C) Inclined Plane (Runway): The Lexan sheet on a wood substrate should be used as the material for the inclined plane (runway). The length of the inclined plane (runway) in the sliding direction should be 2.0ft, and the inclination should be 2.7deg. The width of the inclined plane (runway) should be 1.0ft.
Learn more about Equation here,
https://brainly.com/question/29174899
#SPJ11
A 97 kg person receives a whole-body radiation dose of 1.9 x 10⁻⁴Gy, delivered by alpha particles for which the RBE factor is 13. Calculate (a) the absorbed energy and the dose equivalent in (b) sieverts and (c) rem.
(a) Number ____________ Units ____________
(b) Number ____________ Units ____________
(c) Number ____________ Units ____________
(a) The number of absorbed energy is calculated to be 0.24033 J. The units for absorbed energy are joules (J). (b) The dose equivalent is calculated to be 0.00247 Sv. The units for dose equivalent are sieverts (Sv). (c) The dose equivalent in rem is 0.247 rem. The units for dose equivalent in rem is rem.
(a) The absorbed energy can be calculated by multiplying the absorbed dose, RBE factor, and mass of the person. In this case, the absorbed energy is found to be 0.24033 J.
(b) The dose equivalent is obtained by multiplying the absorbed dose and the quality factor. For alpha radiation, the quality factor is 13. Thus, the dose equivalent is calculated as 0.00247 Sv.
(c) The dose equivalent in rem is derived by converting Sv to rem. To convert, the dose equivalent in Sv is multiplied by 100. Therefore, the dose equivalent in rem is found to be 0.247 rem.
In summary, the absorbed energy is 0.24033 J, the dose equivalent is 0.00247 Sv, and the dose equivalent in rem is 0.247 rem.
Learn more about energy at: https://brainly.com/question/2003548
#SPJ11
Some European trucks run on energy stored in a rotating flywheel, with an electric motor getting the flywheel up to its top speed of 245πrad/s. One such flyheel is a solid, uniform cylinder with a mass of 524 kg and a radius of 1.05 m. (a) What is the kinetic energy of the flywheel after charging? (b) If the truck uses an average power of 7.72 kW, for how many minutes can it operate between chargings? (a) Number Units (b) Number Units
(a) the kinetic energy of the flywheel after charging is approximately 107,603.9 joules, and (b) the truck can operate for approximately 0.2323 minutes (or about 14 seconds) between chargings.
(a) The kinetic energy of the flywheel can be calculated using the formula for rotational kinetic energy: KE = (1/2) Iω², where KE is the kinetic energy, I is the moment of inertia, and ω is the angular velocity. The moment of inertia for a solid cylinder is given by I = (1/2) m r², where m is the mass and r is the radius of the cylinder. Plugging in the given values, we have I = (1/2) * 524 kg * (1.05 m)² = 290.19 kg·m². The angular velocity is given as 245π rad/s. Now we can calculate the kinetic energy: KE = (1/2) * 290.19 kg·m² * (245π rad/s)² ≈ 107,603.9 joules.
(b) The power is defined as the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred. In this case, the average power is given as 7.72 kW. We can convert this to joules per second by multiplying by 1000 since 1 kW = 1000 J/s. Therefore, the average power is 7.72 kW * 1000 J/s = 7720 J/s. To find the time the truck can operate between chargings, we divide the energy stored in the flywheel (107,603.9 joules) by the average power (7720 J/s). This gives us the time in seconds: 107,603.9 joules / 7720 J/s ≈ 13.94 seconds. Since the question asks for the time in minutes, we divide the time in seconds by 60: 13.94 seconds / 60 ≈ 0.2323 minutes.
Learn more about kinetic energy:
https://brainly.com/question/999862
#SPJ11
A bullet of mass 10.0 g travels with a speed of 120 m/s. It impacts a block of mass 250 g which is at rest on a flat frictionless surface as shown below. The block is 20.0 m above the ground level. Assume that the bullet imbeds itself in the block. a) Find the final velocity of the bullet-block combination immediately affer the collision. (9pts) b) Calculate the horizontal range x of the bullet-block combination when it hits the ground (see figure above). (8pts) b) Calculate the horizontal range x of the bullet-block combination when it hits the ground (see figure above). ( 8 pis) c) Calculate the speed of the bullet-block combination just before it hits the ground. (8pis)
Part A, we need to find the final velocity of the bullet-block combination immediately after the collision. In part B, we are asked to calculate the horizontal range x of the bullet-block combination when it hits the ground. Part C, we need to determine the speed of the bullet-block combination just before it hits the ground.
In Part A, we can apply the principle of conservation of momentum. Since the system is isolated, the momentum before the collision is equal to the momentum after the collision. By considering the momentum of the bullet and the block separately, we can find the final velocity of the combined system.
In Part B, we can determine the time it takes for the bullet-block combination to hit the ground by using the equation of motion in the vertical direction. The displacement is the height of the block, and the initial velocity is the final velocity found in Part A. With this time, we can then calculate the horizontal range x using the equation of motion in the horizontal direction.
In Part C, the speed of the bullet-block combination just before it hits the ground can be found by considering the conservation of mechanical energy. Since the system is isolated and there is no work done due to friction or other forces, the initial mechanical energy is equal to the final mechanical energy.
Learn more about the conservation of momentum, here:
https://brainly.com/question/29220242
#SPJ11
A spherical shell of radius 1.59 cm and a sphere of radius 8.47 cm are rolling without slipping along the same floor: The two objects have the same mass. If they are to have the same total kinetic energy, what should the ratio of the spherical shell's angular speed ω s
to the sphere's angular speed ω sph
be?
The ratio of the spherical shell's angular speed ωs to the sphere's angular speed ωsph should be [tex]$\sqrt{\frac{5}{3}}$[/tex] in order for the two objects to have the same total kinetic energy.
Let us begin with the derivation of the solution to the given problem. Given conditions, a spherical shell of radius `r = 1.59 cm` and a sphere of radius `R = 8.47 cm` are rolling without slipping along the same floor. The two objects have the same mass and total kinetic energy. Let the common mass be `m`. The rotational kinetic energy of an object with the moment of inertia `I` and angular speed `ω` is given as:
[tex][tex]$\ K_r =\frac{1}{2}Iω^2$[/tex][/tex]
The moment of inertia of a uniform sphere of mass `m` and radius `R` is given as: [tex]$I_{sph} = \frac{2}{5}mR^2$[/tex]
The moment of inertia of a hollow sphere of mass `m` and radius `r` is given as:[tex]$I_{hollow\ shell} = \frac{2}{3}mR^2$[/tex]
For the two objects to have the same kinetic energy, we must have: [tex]$K_{sph} + K_{hollow\ shell} = K$[/tex]where `K` is the total kinetic energy of the two objects. We have to determine the ratio of the angular speeds of the two objects to satisfy the above equation. Let us begin by finding the kinetic energies of the two objects.
The kinetic energy of an object with linear velocity `v` and mass `m` is given as:[tex]$\ K = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$[/tex]Linear velocity can be related to angular velocity `ω` as: `v = rω`, where `r` is the radius of the object.
Therefore, the kinetic energies of the two objects can be expressed as:[tex]$K_{sph} = \frac{1}{2}mv_{sph}^2 = \frac{1}{2}m(r_{sph}ω_{sph})^2 = \frac{1}{2}mR^2ω_{sph}^2$$K_{hollow\ shell} = \frac{1}{2}mv_{hollow\ shell}^2 = \frac{1}{2}m(r_{hollow\ shell}ω_{hollow\ shell})^2 = \frac{1}{2}m(rω_{hollow\ shell})^2 = \frac{1}{2}m\left(\frac{2}{3}R\right)^2ω_{hollow\ shell}^2 = \frac{1}{9}mR^2ω_{hollow\ shell}^2$[/tex]
Substituting these expressions in the equation `K_sph + K_hollow shell = K` and solving for the ratio of the angular speeds, we get: [tex]$\frac{ω_{sph}}{ω_{hollow\ shell}} = \sqrt{\frac{5}{3}}$[/tex]
Hence, the ratio of the spherical shell's angular speed ωs to the sphere's angular speed ωsph should be[tex]$\sqrt{\frac{5}{3}}$[/tex] in order for the two objects to have the same total kinetic energy.
Learn more about angular speed here:
https://brainly.com/question/29058152
#SPJ11
A 79 kg man is pushing a 31 kg shopping trolley. The man and the shopping trolley move forward together with a maximum forward force of 225 N. Assuming friction is zero, what is the magnitude of the force (in N) of the man on the shopping trolley?
Hint: It may be easier to work out the acceleration first.
Hint: Enter only the numerical part of your answer to the nearest integer.
The magnitude of the force (in N) of the man on the shopping trolley is 64 N.
The magnitude of the force (in N) of the man on the shopping trolley is 172 N.Let's calculate the acceleration of the man and the shopping trolley using the formula below:F = maWhere F is the force, m is the mass, and a is the acceleration.The total mass is equal to the sum of the man's mass and the shopping trolley's mass. So, the total mass is 79 kg + 31 kg = 110 kg.The maximum forward force is given as 225 N. Therefore,225 N = 110 kg x aSolving for a gives,a = 2.0455 m/s².
Now, let's calculate the force (in N) of the man on the shopping trolley. Using Newton's second law of motion,F = maWhere F is the force, m is the mass, and a is the acceleration.Substituting the values we have, we get:F = 31 kg x 2.0455 m/s²F = 63.5 NTherefore, the magnitude of the force (in N) of the man on the shopping trolley is:F + 79 kg x 2.0455 m/s² = F + 161.44 N (By Newton's Second Law)F = 225 N - 161.44 NF = 63.56 N ≈ 64 N.Rounding it off to the nearest integer, the magnitude of the force (in N) of the man on the shopping trolley is 64 N.
Learn more about magnitude here,
https://brainly.com/question/30337362
#SPJ11
Trial 1 shows a 1. 691 gram sample of cobalt(ii) chloride hexahydrate (mw = 237. 93). What mass would we expect to remain if all the water is heated off?
We would expect approximately 0.921 grams to remain after heating off all the water from the cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate sample.
To calculate the expected mass remaining after heating off all the water from the cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate sample, we need to determine the mass of water in the compound and subtract it from the initial sample mass.
The formula for cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate is CoCl2 · 6H2O, indicating that there are 6 water molecules associated with each molecule of cobalt(II) chloride.
The molar mass of cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate can be calculated as follows:
Molar mass = (molar mass of Co) + 2 * (molar mass of Cl) + 6 * (molar mass of H2O)
= (58.93 g/mol) + 2 * (35.45 g/mol) + 6 * (18.02 g/mol)
= 237.93 g/mol
Given that the initial sample mass is 1.691 grams, we can calculate the mass of cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate using its molar mass:
Number of moles = mass / molar mass
= 1.691 g / 237.93 g/mol
= 0.00711 mol
Since each mole of cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate contains 6 moles of water, the moles of water in the sample can be calculated as:
Moles of water = 6 * number of moles of cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate
= 6 * 0.00711 mol
= 0.0427 mol
The mass of water can be calculated by multiplying the moles of water by the molar mass of water (18.02 g/mol):
Mass of water = moles of water * molar mass of water
= 0.0427 mol * 18.02 g/mol
= 0.770 g
Finally, we can calculate the expected mass remaining after heating off all the water by subtracting the mass of water from the initial sample mass:
Expected mass remaining = initial sample mass - mass of water
= 1.691 g - 0.770 g
= 0.921 g
Learn more about chloride hexahydrate here :-
https://brainly.com/question/4746051
#SPJ11