The evolution of the amniotic egg allowed vertebrates to become reproductively independent of water and to spread into a variety of terrestrial settings.
More than 300 million years ago, the earliest reptiles were able to colonise dry land because to an evolutionary development called the amniotic egg. Fish and amphibians can't live far from water since they must lay their eggs there. Reptiles, however, can lay their eggs almost anywhere on dry land because of the amniotic egg.
To learn more about amniotic egg click here:
https://brainly.com/question/14791069
#SPJ4
What are the common types of mutations that occur to convert proto-oncogenes to oncogenes?.
The most frequent mutations that can change proto-oncogenes into oncogenes include insertion mutations, chromosomal rearrangements, point mutations, amplification, and gene fusion.
Insertion mutations:
Insertion mutations occur when an extra nucleotide is inserted into a gene sequence. This type of mutation can cause a shift in the reading frame of the gene, resulting in the production of proteins with altered functions. In the case of proto-oncogenes, an insertion mutation can result in the protein being highly active, leading to unregulated cell growth and the formation of a tumor.
Chromosomal rearrangements:
When two genes are relocated to various positions on a chromosome, chromosomal rearrangements can happen. As a result, the two genes may express themselves simultaneously, which may transform a proto-oncogene into an oncogene.
Point mutations:
Point mutations are minute adjustments to the DNA's structure that can turn a gene into an oncogene. These mutations change the DNA sequence by adding, deleting, or substituting a single nucleotide.
Amplification:
Amplification is the process by which the number of copies of a gene increases. A proto-oncogene may develop into an oncogene as a result of this increasing the gene's expression.
Gene fusion:
Combining two distinct genes can result in the synthesis of an aberrant protein.
Learn more about Proto-oncogenes here:
https://brainly.com/question/14057974
why is the golden toad of Costa Rica an example of the limitations of our scientific and technological knowledge. please help its the last question i need
Answer: including the toad's home range in Costa Rica.
Explanation:
if the reverse transcriptase enzyme carried by a retrovirus was mutated and nonfunctional, how would the virus be affected?
The virus wouldn't be able to make DNA to ingest into the genome of the host.
As the first step in the creation of an infectious, lytic virus, excision of the prophage DNA from the host chromosomal DNA can occasionally result in the removal of some of the host cell DNA, which is packaged into defective bacteriophages; part of the bacteriophage DNA is removed and replaced at the other end by a gene of the host bacterial species. This type of virus is known as a transducing phage because, after infecting a bacterial cell, it can transfer the gene it has captured via phage DNA to the subsequent bacterial cell it infects. The effective transfer of genetic information from one bacterial cell to another is made possible by bacteriophages.To know more about virus
https://brainly.com/question/16389883
#SPJ4
Below are animal cells placed in beakers of various concentrations.
Draw an arrow to show which way the water would move by osmosis
Fill in any missing percentages (water or solute)
Identify the type of solution (isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic)
2
90% H₂O
solute
85% H₂Q
15% solute
45% H₂O
75% H₂O
25% solute
90% H₂O
10%
soluta
90% H₂O
10% solute
40% H₂O
60%
90% H₂O
10% solute
90% H₂O
63% H₂O
37% solute
82% H-O
10%
25% H₂O
75% solute
75% 11,0
25%
solute
80% H₂O
20% solute
50% H₂O
50% H₂O
50% soluta
90% H₂O
10%
solute
80% H₂O
20% solute
Water will migrate into an animal cell in a hypotonic solution (high osmotic pressure), causing the cell to enlarge and possibly explode.
What occurs when an animal cell is inserted into a solution where there is more water outside the cell than inside?
The solution is hypertonic because the concentration of dissolved chemicals in the solvent is higher than that inside the cell. As a result, the cell will shrink and water will leak out.
Learn more about Hypertonic and Hypotonic solution
Visit:
brainly.com/question/4237735
#SPJ1
an analogy is a similarity due to convergent evolution, resulting in similar adaptations.
Convergent evolution occurs when similar environmental pressures and natural selection produce similar adaptations in organisms from different evolutionary lineages.
In biology, the edition has 3 related meanings. first off, it's far the dynamic evolutionary manner of natural choice that suits organisms to their surroundings, enhancing their evolutionary fitness. Secondly, it's far a nation reached via the populace in the course of that manner.
Examples consist of the long necks of giraffes for feeding within the tops of trees, the streamlined bodies of aquatic fish and mammals, the light bones of flying birds and mammals, and the lengthy daggerlike dog teeth of carnivores. All biologists agree that organismal tendencies commonly replicate adaptations.
Learn more about adaptations here:-https://brainly.com/question/29594
#SPJ4
Trees that send out rootlike extensions that produce new stems is what type of reproduction.
Answer:
Fragmentation
what is a set of data using numbers or measurements to represent the findings of an experiment?
Set of data using numbers or measurements to represent the findings of an experiment can be experimental data.
Experimental data are being collected based on our experiment. There’s a control in which we don’t add any variables, then samples with variables. We take notes on any factor needed and continuously note. This data can be reproducible, unlike observational data. But doing so could need so much money.
After the data is collected, it will be analyzed using statistical formulas or even statistical software. We can conclude our experiment by analyzing the data. So that it can be elaborate and will help readers to understand our experiment.
Know more about scientific data here: https://brainly.com/question/13251319
#SPJ4
which ions move into the synaptic bulb in order to move the vesicles containing neurotransmitter to the presynaptic membrane?
Calcium ions move into the synaptic bulb in order to move the vesicles containing neurotransmitter to the presynaptic membrane.
The tip of the axon terminal enlarges toward the end and acquires the name synaptic end bulb as it gets closer to the muscle fiber. The motor neuron's synaptic end bulb makes up the nervous system portion of the neuromuscular junction. The chemical transmitter acetylcholine (ACH) is pushed inside the synaptic cleft thereafter.
In the postsynaptic or post-junctional membrane, ACH diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to specific receptors. Synaptic vesicles in the end bulb are packed with a neurotransmitter molecule. A neurotransmitter is released into a little area called the synaptic cleft when a nerve impulse moves up the axon and arrives at the end bulb.
Learn more about synaptic bulbs and their role in neurons here:
https://brainly.com/question/14319481
#SPJ4
jaundice, which is among the many negative side effects of anabolic steroid use, indicates damage to which part of the body? bone marrow pancreas kidneys liver
Side effects of anabolic steroid use, indicates damage to liver.
The liver is the most important stable organ inside the body. It gets rid of toxins from the frame's blood deliver, keeps wholesome blood sugar stages, regulates blood clotting, and performs masses of other crucial capabilities. It is placed beneath the rib cage inside the right top abdomen.
Pain for your liver itself can feel like a dull throbbing ache or a stabbing sensation in your proper higher stomach simply underneath your ribs.
Widespread abdominal ache and soreness also can be related to swelling from fluid retention and expansion of your spleen and liver due to cirrhosis.
Learn more about liver here:- https://brainly.com/question/16342711
#SPJ4
use the out-of-africa hypothesis to explain why it is possible that some or none of your genome may be derived from neanderthals.
According to the out-of-Africa hypothesis, it is possible that some or none of our genome may be derived from Neanderthals because Homo Sapiens interbred with the Neanderthals during ancient times.
According to the out-of-Africa hypothesis, Homo Sapiens were known to originate from the land of Africa.
After the origination, for some reason, all of the Homo Sapiens migrated to the Neanderthals before spreading to Europe. Hence, as history relates, the homo sapiens interbreed in the region of Neanderthals. Hence, it is possible that all Europeans or all of the Homo Sapiens have a part of their genome that is derived from the region of Neanderthals.
If only, this derived part of the genome can be altered if there are more mutations in those regions of the DNA.
To learn more about Homo Sapiens, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/16979145
#SPJ4
Both plants and animals require a constant supply of energy for life and both utilize some of their organelles to provide us energy processes with in choral plus and mitochondria transform store and release energy which statement best explains this flow of energy?
A. Energy is released through both photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
B. Energy is stored during the process of photosynthesis, and released during cellular respiration.
C. Energy is stored through Both the process of photosynthesis and cellular respiration
D. Energy is stored through the process of cellular respiration release the photosynthesis.
Animals and plants both depend on certain organelles to supply us with energy, which is necessary for both to maintain life. During the process of photosynthesis, energy is both saved and released, and this happens within cells. In this case, B is the right response.
What is respiration?Organic compounds release energy through the chemical process known as respiration. The molecules are transformed into new ones by exergonic processes. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) breaks down into adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and phosphoric acid (Pi), which release energy (it is an exergonic reaction).What is photosynthesis? As a result, glucose is produced from carbon dioxide and transformed into oxygen from water. The plant returns oxygen to the atmosphere after storing energy inside glucose molecules. The purpose of chloroplasts, which are microscopic organelles found inside plant cells, is to store solar energy. Organic compounds release energy through the chemical process of respiration. The molecules are changed into new ones through exergonic processes. The conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and phosphoric acid (Pi) releases energy (it is an exergonic reaction).For more information on photosynthesis and respiration kindly visit to
https://brainly.com/question/1388366
#SPJ1
make a claim that answers the scientific question data nugget
A scientific question is one that may generate a hypothesis and assist in determining the cause of an observation. A sound scientific hypothesis must be verifiable and quantifiable. You can do an experiment to find the solution.
What is Scientific question ?The statement that answers the scientific question can be used to form the claim. Cite particular regions of the table or graph. Data becomes evidence when it backs up the assertion and contributes to resolving the scientific quandary.
Data Nuggets are free educational resources created in collaboration with teachers and scientists to bring up-to-date research and real data to the classroom. Data Nuggets contain a link to the scientist who collected the data as well as the real-life background to their research.The easiest approach to accomplish this is to conduct background study on the subject, create a thesis statement, hypothesis, or claim, and then provide evidence to back up this assertion. The facts, instances, or sources cited to back up a claim are considered evidence.To know more about Scientific question please click here ; https://brainly.com/question/2349335
#SPJ1
What did earth look like in the past?
Explanation:
you're asking us like we were in the past . how Can we know the past when we weren't there
Large multicellular organisms are made of a variety of cell types. Do all of the types of cells pass through the cell cycle at the same rate?.
Answer: it depends on what type of cells they are. Some types of cells divide rapidly, and in these cases, the daughter cells may immediately undergo another round of cell division.Other types of cells divide slowly or not at all
Explanation:
at the time of ovulation during the menstrual cycle, the corpus luteum degenerates into scar tissue and stops making progesterone and estradiol. true false
Every time you ovulate, a menstrual cycle fresh corpus luteum develops, and when you no longer require it to produce progesterone, it disintegrates.
What transpires during the menstrual cycle's corpus luteum stage?Luteinizing phase
The corpus luteum, which is made up of ovarian cells, releases progesterone and a tiny amount of estrogen after ovulation. As a result, the uterine lining thickens in preparation for pregnancy.
After ovulation, does the corpus luteum deteriorate?If the oocyte is not fertilized, the corpus luteum stops secreting hormones within 14 days following ovulation, and the resulting corpus albicans scar develops inside the ovary.
To know more about menstrual cycle visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/27471285
#SPJ4
8. The Of sound wave depends on the kind of material the waves are traveling through
a) Speed
b) Distance
c) Time
d) Energy
What is the name of the structure in the inner ear which serves to maintain a sense of equilibrium and orientation in space?.
Answer:
The Utricle and Saccule
Explanation:
Answer:
The vestibular system
Explanation:
The vestibular system is the sensory apparatus of the inner ear that helps the body maintain its postural equilibrium.
What dissection instrument should we use to clean adhering tissues during dissection.
Answer:
Ragnell Dissecting Scissors
Explanation:
Ragnell Dissecting Scissors (H+V) They are specially crafted for cutting and dissection of both delicate and heavy tissues. The features are long shanks and short stainless or tungsten carbide sharp inserts suitable for tearing of tissues for smooth and clean cuttings.
1. What happens to the Once-ler's factory once all the Truffula Trees are gone?
2. What is the world around the factory like? Describe the details. Is this a nice place to be?
3. Could the Once-ler have prevented this from happening?
4. Do vou think that there could have been a way for the Once-ler to make Thneeds, without causing harm? Why or why not?
5. Do you think that if the Once-ler was not greedy, that he would have tried harder to be less harmful?
A person with blood type O has which antibodies in their blood plasma?
A. No antibodies
B. Anti-A antibodies
C. Anti-B antibodies
D. Anti-O antibodies
Anti-A and anti-B antibodies are present in plasma of blood group O, which lacks antigens.
What is The ABO system ?According to the ABO system, there are 4 primary blood types:
Blood group A has A antigens on the red blood cells and anti-B antibodies in the plasma. Blood group B has B antigens and anti-A antibodies in the plasma. Blood group O has neither antigens nor anti-B antibodies.The most prevalent blood group is O. Blood group O accounts for 48% of the population in the UK.It may be fatal to get blood from the incorrect ABO group. People with group B blood, for instance, will develop anti-A antibodies that will target group A cells if they receive group A blood.Because of this, it is forbidden to give group A blood to a group B recipient and vice versa.Red blood cells from group O can be donated to any other group without any risk since they lack A or B antigens.For additional details on the various blood groups, visit the NHS Blood and Transplant (NHSBT) webpage.To Learn more About Active Anti-A and anti-B antibodies refer To:
https://brainly.com/question/10714039
#SPJ4
a nurse geneticist is researching the gut microbiome and its relationship to disease. what is true regarding the microbiome?
It has over 100 times more genes than the human genome. a nurse geneticist is researching the gut microbiome and its relationship to disease.
The number of genes in the human gut microbiome was estimated to be 100 times bigger than that of the human genome based on the variety of gut microorganisms and the typical number of genes found in a human genome. The diversity of bacteria and other microbiome , such as fungus, viruses, and archaea, is enormous. An approximate count of several bacterial microbiome.
learn more about human genome here:
https://brainly.com/question/16458989
#SPJ4
What factors must be considered when choosing a vector for a gene therapy trial?.
Important parameters to be considered when choosing a gene therapy vector include
size limitations for insertion of transgenes, purity and titer of the vector, transduction efficiency, ability to infect dividing and/or quiescent cells, long-term expression of transgenes.Factors like the size of the transgene, the kind of gene therapy target cells used, how the transgene should be expressed and more are generally considered while choosing any vector for gene therapy.
An ideal gene therapy vector should not be able to replicate by its own DNA and be helpful for long-term gene expression. In addition, it should be nonpathogenic and nontoxic.
To learn more about gene therapy , here
brainly.com/question/13022890
#SPJ4
How could you use the steps for evaluating a player for a concussion in evaluating whether someone is concussed? Please help!
Migraine or a headache, dizziness, nausea, fatigue, cognitive difficulty, Variations in mood, sleeping issues, diagnosis of concussions are the most typical signs of concussion.
How could you use the steps for evaluating a player for a concussion in evaluating whether someone is concussed?
A thorough examination and cognitive test must be conducted by a physician skilled in identifying and treating concussions. This will enable them to assess the level and impact of the concussion.
Your doctor will examine you for the following things which are hearing, Vision and reflexes and equilibrium and coordination your memory and the last one is your span of attention.
To know more about concussion, click here- brainly.com/question/1445399
#SPJ1
What kind of mutation occurred in the DNA sequence below?
AGA – GGA – CCT original DNA sequence
AGA – GGG – ACC mutated DNA sequence
ANSWER CHOICES
-----
A -Nondisjunction
B - Substitution
C - Insertion
D - Deletion
Answer:
Substitution
Explanation:
Substitution is when one base replaced another which is what has happened here with A turning into G and T turning into a C.
Which takes place inside the chloroplast?
A:light reaction only
B:light and dark reactions
C:light reaction and cellular respiration
D:dark reactions only
Explanation:
Photosynthesis is a chemical process by which plants and other photoautotrophs generate carbohydrates and oxygen from carbon dioxide, and water, using light energy in chloroplasts. During the process of photosynthesis, both light and dark reactions occur in the chloroplast. The light responses depend on light to produce organic energy molecules (ATP and NADPH) which are stimulated by chlorophyll (green-colored pigment) while the dark reactions are light-independent.
Hypothesize how photosynthesis can affect these changes, explain in 3 to 5 sentences
The process of the formation of food by trapping the sunlight with the help of chloroplast is called photosynthesis.
These are the following which are used in process photosynthesis:-
-Carbon dioxide
-Water
-Sunlight
Photosynthesis is greatly dependent on the amount of carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere because photosynthesis is the process where carbon dioxide gas is used in large amounts.
If the vegetation occurs higher in the season, the decrease will occur in the carbon dioxide concentration of the atmosphere while on the other hand, if less vegetation occurs then there is a higher amount of carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere.
Hence, the larger the amount of carbon dioxide more the yield from photosynthesis. In some cases, the high amount of carbon dioxide also acts as a poison.
explain how radioactive isotopes can be used to determine that the oxygen produced during photosynthesis comes from the hydrolysis of water
One radioactive isotope of oxygen, O18, is utilized as a reactant, and the products generated in the reaction are investigated.
How can we be certain that the oxygen produced during photosynthesis is derived from water?To track the destiny of oxygen atoms during photosynthesis, a heavy isotope is used as a tracer. The investigations demonstrated that only when water was the source of the tracer did the O2 from plants get labeled with 18O.
Who established that the water that water evolved from during photosynthesis is oxygen?Ruben and Kamen are the right response. Ruben and Kamen established that water is the source from which oxygen developed during photosynthesis. The splitting of water molecules to release oxygen molecules is referred to as photolysis, which is an oxidation of water.
To know more about photosynthesis visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/1388366
#SPJ4
How are genes involved in the inheritance of traits from one generation to the next?
O They're individually transferred between cells during reproduction.
O They're passed along on the surface of cells during reproduction
They're on the chromosomes that are combined during reproduction
O They're transferred from only a single parent during reproduction
Answer:
The correct answer is C. Genes are the units of heredity, and they are present on chromosomes.
Explanation:
Chromosomes are the structures that carry genetic information in the form of DNA. When cells divide during reproduction, they pass along their chromosomes to their daughter cells. This means that the genes on these chromosomes are also passed along and inherited by the next generation. This is how traits are inherited from one generation to the next.
human manipulation of agricultural landscapes in gujarat have resulted in communities of plants and animals characteristic of which biome?
The human manipulation of agricultural landscapes in Gujarat has resulted in communities of plants and animals characteristic of which biome is savannah.
Humans live in terrestrial biomes. Our bodies are adapted to the conditions of the land. Terrestrial biomes include tundra biomes, taiga biomes, desert biomes, forest biomes, and grassland biomes. Dead zones are caused by excessive nitrogen and phosphorus contamination from human activities, including:
Agricultural effluents from farmlands that carry nutrients from manure and animal manure into rivers and streams and eventually into the Chesapeake Bay. Congaree River. It contributes to weather patterns and causes ocean currents that regulate climate. The topography surrounding Columbia does not contribute to heat reversal.
Learn more about Biome here:- https://brainly.com/question/1930321
#SPJ4
What is the name of the structure in the inner ear which serves to maintain a sense of equilibrium and orientation in space?.
The vestibular apparatus is the structure present in the inner ear that is responsible for maintenance of equilibrium as well as body posture.
The inner ear consists of an elaborate system known as the vestibular apparatus, that is situated above the cochlea. The vestibular apparatus is made up of three semicircular canals as well as the otolith.
Each of these semicircular canals is located in a distinct plane and they make an angle of 90° with each other. The crista as well as macula are the specified receptors of the vestibular apparatus that serve to maintain the equilibrium of the body as well as its posture.
To learn more about inner ear here
https://brainly.com/question/3535321
#SPJ4