The creation of new crime legislation and the size of criminal justice agency budgets are decided by legislators responding to the demands of voters.
Agency is the capability of individuals to have the strength and resources to satisfy their capacity. for instance, structure is composed of those elements of impact that determine or restriction sellers and their choices.
Man or woman organization is whilst someone acts on their personal behalf, while proxy corporation is whilst an person acts on behalf of someone else (including an organization). Collective organisation happens while people act together, along with a social movement.
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Which modern nation is one of the few remaining examples of an oligarchy? a. India b. Burma (myanmar) c. France d. England please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d.
Entry-level encyclopedia vocabulary In general, an oligarchy is a system of administration in which a small number of people or families rule.
The correct answer is B. Burma (Myanmar) - Myanmar is struggling with democracy and is ruled by the small elite.
What is an example of oligarch?The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Sparta are two ancient oligarchies as examples. During the 20th century, South Africa provided a contemporary illustration of oligarchy. Given that the South African type of oligarchy was founded on race, the fundamental traits of oligarchy are particularly simple to discern in this situation.Examples of this system include Rhodesia, Liberia, the Sultanate of Zanzibar, and South Africa under apartheid, when the establishment of oligarchic authority by the offspring of foreign settlers was primarily seen as a legacy of various forms of colonialism.A government governed by a select few individuals, or oligarchs, is referred to as an oligarchy.To Learn more About oligarchy refer to:
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YOU OBSERVE ONE OF YOUR FRIENDS BRINGING AN OFFENDER IN
THE POLICE STATION, YELLING AT HIM AND PUNCHING HIM IN THE STOMACH.
HE TELLS YOU THAT HE IS UNDER INVESTIGATION AND NEEDS YOU TO BACK
HIM. HE WANTS YOU TO TELL THE LIEUTENANT THAT HE DID NOT STRIKE
THE OFFENDER. HOW DO YOU RESPOND?
Answer:
You absolutely do not agree to lie or cover up for your friend. But I would also answer that before I even waited to be approached by someone, I would have already reached out to the Lieutenant to advise him or her of what I witnessed. But also, I would share with him or her, what exactly was asked of me by someone I knew quite personally.
the ruling held by judge cleland in 2009 deposition of convertino v. u.s. department of justice asserted the defendant's right against self-incrimination and was hailed as a victory of freedom of the press.
Although the Supreme Court has determined that "news gathering is not without First Amendment protections," there is no federally recognized privilege that permits reporters to keep their sources' identities confidential.
What kind of conduct is against journalistic ethics in terms of accuracy?Additionally, evidently, all ethical codes prohibit all forms of discrimination: People should not be treated differently by journalists because of their race, gender, religion, ethnicity, sexual orientation, physical disability, appearance, or social status.
What is the significance of newspaper reporters maintaining the confidentiality of their sources?Journalists rely on source protection to obtain and disclose confidential information in the public interest. In order to avoid physical, financial, or professional retaliation in response to their revelations, such sources may require anonymity.
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The principle of _________ _________ states that athletes are responsible for everything that goes into or on their bodies, whether the ingestion of a prohibited substance is intentional or not.
An athlete is held accountable for any prohibited substance found in their body under the Strict Liability Principle. No matter how cautious you were or whether you intended to use a prohibited substance, you could be in violation of the Anti-Doping Rule (ADRV).
What are WADA's responsibilities?The primary function of WADA is to develop, standardize, and coordinate anti-doping regulations for all sports and nations.
What exactly is WADA and what does it do?The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) was established in 1999 with the mission of leading a global coalition in support of doping-free sports.The governance and funding of WADA are based on a partnership between the global sport movement and governments.
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an application to a court requesting that an order be issued to bring about a specified action is called a(n):
A finding of a criminal defendant's guilt. counsel: legal counsel;a term used to describe a case's lawyers. A claim made by a defendant against a plaintiff is called a counterclaim.
Briefs play what role in Supreme Court cases?
Panels of three judges decide federal appeals. In a document known as a "brief," the appellant makes legal arguments to the panel. The appellant tries to convince the judges in the brief that the trial court erred and that the lower decision should be overturned.
It is routine to do so in large courts. Defense attorneys use strategic motions for continuances and motions for a change of judge to ensure that their clients' cases are heard by the judge they believe will be most favorable to them.
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in the florence v. board of chosen freeholders of county of burlington case, the court ruled that the plaintiff could be:
In the Florence v. Board of Chosen Freeholders of County of Burlington case, the court ruled that the plaintiff could bring a claim under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
The court found that the plaintiff had been treated differently than other similarly situated individuals, and that this difference in treatment was based on the plaintiff's race. The court also found that the plaintiff had suffered an injury as a result of this discrimination, and that the defendants were liable for this injury.The court ruled that the plaintiff could not be held liable for the death of her husband because she did not have the requisite intent to kill him.
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Motorcyclit have half of the right and reponibilitie on public roadway a automobile driver
Answer: Motorcyclist have half of the right and responsibilities on public roadway a automobile driver
Motorcyclists have the same rights and responsibilities on public roadways as automobile drivers.
Explanation: While everyone must follow the same traffic laws, motorcyclists face unusual dangers because they are hard to see, and the motorcycle requires exceptional handling ability.
In preparation for the grand opening of his new business Dave's Diet Delights, Dave
orders 1,000 pounds of assorted dietetic sweets. Two days before his scheduled
grand opening, his supplier ships 1,000 pounds of rich, high-calorie sweets by
mistake. As a result, Dave has to postpone his grand opening for a week (until the
right goods arrive) and, in addition, has to spend $500 for new advertising and
posters with the new grand opening day. He also has to pay one week's salary to 2
employees, who have nothing to do in that time since the goods for the store have
not arrived, for a total of $800. In addition, he spends $100 to ship the goods back
to the supplier a the nonconforming supplier's suggestion. After the right goods
finally arrive, he sues the supplier. What damages can he ask for, and what damages
is he likely to recover? Explain fully.
The damages that Dave can ask for in his suit to his supplier are:
Costs to re-advertise the big day Salaries for the workers Shipping costs to send the goods back Reputational loss for the postponing of the eventThe damages that Dave is likely to recover are:
Costs to re-advertise the big day Shipping costs to send the goods back Reputational loss for the postponing of the event What damages will Dave receive?Dave spent $500 to re - advertise the big opening which are costs that he would not have incurred if the supplier had sent the right sweets. He can therefore get back damages for this.
Dave also can sue for the shipping costs to the supplier because the supplier was at fault and if they weren't, Dave would not have to have spent $100 on the shipping costs.
There are also reputational damages from postponing an opening ceremony. Some people who would have come would no longer be interested either because they are now busy, or because they don't trust Dave any more.
Dave would also be allowed to sue for his worker costs but there is a chance he doesn't get this if the other side argues that it isn't guaranteed he would have had any sales in the two weeks he paid them.
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Why would the abolition of parole lead to greater use of probation?
The abolition of parole would lead to greater use of probation because people will not undergo transition back into society.
What is Parole?Parole serves as the program that is been designed as an opportunity for a prisoner that want to be transition back into society.
It should be noted that the restrictions on parolees can be a great move because it will encourage good behavior after incarceration into the society, however Abolishing parole can make the Board of Pardons as well as Parole to carry out some reviews.
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Juan has reached 60 total hours of work within a 7-day period. How can Juan reset his hours before driving again?
Juan has reached 60 total hours of work for a 7 - day period and so he can reset his hours by taking at least 34 consecutive hours off duty.
How should truck drivers reset after 60 hours in 7 days?In order to ensure that truck drivers and other long - distance drivers stay sharp and healthy enough to drive and not have accidents, they have limits on the number of hours they can drive.
For instance, there is the limit on the total number of hours that one can work in a 7 day period. The limit is such that only 60 hours can be worked in this period and one then needs to be off - duty for at least 34 consecutive hours to reset.
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at which stage of the hearing are defendants brought before a judge to possibly be afforded the opportunity for bail?
Answer:
This first appearance is called an arraignment and it is here that the bail decision is generally made. Frequently cases are resolved at the arraignment.
Explanation:
mike files a suit against kay. before going to trial, the parties meet, with their attorneys present and representing them before a third party. they present their dispute to this third party (other than a court) who renders a legally binding decision. this is
Mike files a suit against kay. before going to trial, the parties meet, with their attorneys present and representing them before a third party. They present their dispute to this third party (other than a court) who renders a legally binding decision. this is mediation. It is also called as arbitration
The mediator will typically meet with each party separately to understand each side's position and interests. The mediator will then try to facilitate a settlement agreement between the parties. If the parties are unable to reach an agreement, the mediator will issue a binding decision that the parties must follow.
Mediation is a process in which the parties to a dispute present their case to a neutral third party, who then renders a legally binding decision. This process can be used to resolve all types of disputes, including those involving contracts, property, personal injury, and family law.
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chet, a minor, signs a contract with denise, an adult. the contract is voidable at the option of
Chet, a minor, signs a contract with Denise, an adult. The contract is voidable at the option of cheat only.
Chet, a minor, signs a contract with Denise, an adult. The contract is voidable at the option of cheat only because the contract is invalid unless Chet has an adult to co-sign his portion of the contract.Minors are not able to sign off on any type of legal document without the approval of a
parent. Without the approval of a guardian, minors are not able to sign off on any type of legal documents.The contract is invalid unless Chet has an adult to co-sign his portion of the contract.
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In general, when contributing long-term property to charity, taxpayers are allowed to deduct the fair market value of ___ ___ property on the date of the donation.
In general, when contributing long-term property to charity, taxpayers are allowed to deduct the fair market value of the capital gain property on the date of the donation.
Market value or OMV is the price at that an advantage would trade in an aggressive sell-off scene. Market value is often secondhand correspondently accompanying free competition profit, fair value, or fair display profit, even though these conditions have distinct definitions in different flags, and disagree in few circumstances. Capital gain is an economic idea delimited as the profit gained on the marketing of an advantage that has raised in worth over the holding end.
Capital gains are the profits that are earned by selling a contribution, in the way that stocks, bonds, or land. Capital gains taxes are inferior to common income taxes, providing a benefit to financiers over wage employees. Moreover, capital losses can constantly be deducted from an individual's total tax bill.
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which of the following is not a generally acceptable way for interest groups to attempt to influence government policy and attitudes?
It is generally unacceptable for interest groups to attempt to influence government policy and attitudes by making bomb threats.
What are interest groups and how do they try to influence government policy?a group of people who work to shape public policy in their favor and share certain views on public issues. Interest groups try to have an effect on this. This encompasses all of a government's objectives in the many spheres of human affairs in which it participates.
What exactly is a government plan?A declaration of the political activities, plans, and intentions of the government in relation to a specific cause is known as government policy.
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the tax law places a fixed dollar limit on the amount of home mortgage interest a taxpayer may deduct in a particular year. True or Flase
False: The tax code restricts a taxpayer's ability to deduct home mortgage interest in a single year to a predetermined dollar amount.
How is a tax deduction calculated?Your taxable income is reduced by a tax deduction, lowering your tax bill. You reduce your taxable income by deducting the amount of the tax deduction from your income. Your tax bill will be lower the lower your taxable income.
What is meant by "100% tax deductible?"A business expense that can be deducted entirely from your taxable income is known as a "100 percent tax deduction". The following are some of the expenses that are completely deductible for small businesses: In the year of purchase, all office furniture purchases are fully deductible.
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Violating hipaa laws that protect the privacy of patient information can result in a jail term of up to ________ years.
The Office for Civil Rights (OCR) of the United States Department of Health and Human Services states: A criminal penalty of up to $50,000 and a maximum of one year in prison are available to those who knowingly obtain or disclose individually identifiable health information in violation of the Privacy Rule.
What are the potential repercussions of breaking HIPAA?A single unintentional HIPAA violation can result in fines of up to $25,000 per year and a minimum of $100 per violation. Each violation carries a maximum penalty of $50,000, with a yearly maximum of $1.5 million.
What is a violation of HIPAA?unauthorized disclosures, inadequate safeguards for protected health information, patient access to protected health information, disclosure of more than the minimum required protected health information, and inadequate authorization for disclosure are all examples of prohibited disclosures.
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Write an essay from the topic of your choice that analyzes united states foreign policy practices of washington and monroe.
The Monroe Doctrine helped establish a new American identity in the eyes of the world and became an essential component of American foreign policy.
It also warned that the United States would view any foreign involvement in the Western Hemisphere as aggression, declaring that Europe could not interfere there.
What were the Monroe Doctrine's four main points?Monroe made four fundamental points
1) The United States would not get involved in the affairs of Europe
2) The United States of America acknowledged the existence of American colonies and promised not to interfere
3) There was no room for further colonization in the Western Hemisphere
4) in the event that a European power attempted to influence any nation.
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Arson fires and, in particular, arson homicides allow for a warrantless crime scene search in most jurisdictions, but it is your experience that a warrant is always better. Instruct your personnel in what the appropriate initiation of the investigation should be. o To avoid issues with evidence collection,
what do you think should be done about the scene? Explain.
Who should be brought in immediately? Why?
• Where should you look for the owner of the property? Why?
Arson fires and, in particular, arson homicides allow for a warrantless crime scene search in most jurisdictions, but warrants are always better in order to avoid illegal and unauthorized acts by officers due to unnecessary powers.
I would instruct the personnel subordinate to take warrants for the arrest of people unless it is a extraordinary situation and for maintaining public order it is necessary to do warrantless crime scene search. Doing this will improve the quality of investigative operations as warrant caries with it a sense of accountability for the officials. The habitual offenders of the area and security personnel should be brought in immediately as they are the closest suspects of crime in first instance.
For the owners of property, officials should look around the same places to escape as during arson, human instinct allows a person to find the safest place to survive the crisis.
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What is the supreme law of the united states?
Answer:
The Constitution is the "supreme law of the land.
The Constitution is the supreme law of the land in the United States. Learn more about our founding document.
What is constitution?A country or state's government is governed by a set of fundamental laws known as its constitution. The term "codified" merely refers to the fact that almost all constitutions are explicitly spelled out in a document known as "the constitution." However, several nations, including Israel, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom, have "un-codified" constitutions that aren't properly recorded in a single location. Typically, constitutions contain the following fundamental components:A prologue is a passionate introduction that outlines the constitution's goal.A thorough explanation of the power split that should occur between the national and state levels of government, as well as the three branches of government (legislature, executive, and judiciary).a promise of certain fundamental rights that people can exercise.hence,The Constitution is the supreme law of the land in the United States. Learn more about our founding document.
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The American court system is identified as an “______”
system of law, having defined roles between Prosecution and Defense.
Option C is correct. United States uses the adversarial system in its courts. The opposing attorneys have responsibility for controlling presentation of lawsuit. Attorneys may not lie but have no duty to volunteer facts that don't support their client's case.
An impartial individual or group of people, typically a judge or jury, who try to ascertain the truth and pass judgement in accordance with it, is presented with two advocates presenting their parties' case or position under the adversarial system, also known as the adversary system, in common law countries.
Because it leaves less room for the state to be prejudiced against the defendant, advocates of the adversarial system frequently claim that it is more equitable and less prone to misuse than the inquisitional approach.
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Which act is violated if an employer refuses to provide health insurance to females due to the cost of pregnancies?.
The Pregnancy Discrimination Act is violated if an employer refuses to provide health insurance to females due to the cost of pregnancies.
The Pregnancy Discrimination Act is a federal law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions. The law applies to employers with 15 or more employees, including state and local governments and agencies, and labor unions.
The act applies to employers with 15 or more employees, including state and local governments. Under the act, a woman must be treated in the same manner as other applicants or employees with similar abilities or qualifications.
An employer may not refuse to hire a woman because of her pregnancy, nor may an employer fire a woman because of her pregnancy. In addition, an employer may not refuse to provide health insurance to a pregnant woman or to charge her higher premiums for health insurance than it charges other employees.
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What does the u. S. Constitution have to say about the size of the supreme court?.
The number of Supreme Court Justices is not predetermined by the Constitution; rather, it is determined by Congress. However, since 1869, there has been nine Justices, with one Chief Justice, down from as few as six.
The Senate must give its consent before the President may designate Supreme Court justices. The Constitution mandates the judges serve during "good Behaviour," which has historically meant life terms, in order to guarantee an impartial judiciary and shield justices from partisan pressures.
Congress has the power to alter the capacity of the Supreme Court under the Constitution. That power has already been exercised seven times by Congress. Congress must increase the size of the Supreme Court by 4 or more seats in order to bring harmony and integrity back to a damaged institution.
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which of the following terms refer(s) to a dispute over how to interpret the u.s. constitution or acts of congress?
The ability of the Supreme Court to declare a legislative or executive act to be in violation of the Constitution—the most well-known power of the court—is not outlined in the Constitution itself. In the case of Marbury v. Madison (1803), the Supreme Court established this doctrine.
Which interpretation of the Constitution is correct?Textualism, originalism, and living constitutionalism are the three most prevalent theories of constitutional interpretation in the United States. Textualism is very literal in its interpretation and focuses solely on the document's text.
What is the Constitution's interpretation?The Supreme Court is obligated to have final say over the interpretation of the Constitution. With regard to that goal, that... interpretation of the Constitution. The method by which a provision is interpreted indicates the true sense or meaning. India's Supreme Court.
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Discuss how the increasing prison budget impacts society at large, including education and other services that depend on state and federal budgets.
Some states invest billions of dollars in jails each year. Taxpayers are burdened by this, and financing for more rehabilitation programmes is constrained.
The majority of governments invest significantly more per prisoner than they do in K–12 education. Additionally, they spend significantly more on prisons as compared to higher ed for citizens of the state.
Spending on prisons & higher education differs even more sharply. Since 1990, state funding on schools and colleges has essentially been steady in terms of dollars adjusted for inflation. However, prison spending has almost doubled. Currently, taxpayers pay so much on jails and prisons than that on colleges and universities in 18 states.
Therefore, increasing prison budget impacts society at large including education and other services as most of the funds get exhausted in prison budgets.
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where there is a conflict between the vicarious liability laws of new york and state x in an action brought in new york between new york residents for an accident occurring in state x, the court should apply the law of:
In which there may be a conflict among the vicarious legal responsibility legal guidelines of new york and state x in an action introduced in new york among their citizens for an accident occurring in his state x, the courtroom should/must apply substantive law.
Substantive regulation establishes the rights and responsibilities that govern human beings and organizations; it consists of all legal guidelines of standard and precise applicability. Procedural regulation establishes the criminal guidelines with the aid of using which substantial regulation is created, carried out and enforced, specifically in a courtroom docket of regulation. For example, a declare to get better for breach of settlement or negligence or fraud could be a not unusualplace regulation substantial proper.
A kingdom or federal statute giving an worker the proper to sue for employment discrimination could additionally create a substantial proper. A substantial regulation defines a criminal courting or prohibits positive conduct. That is, it says what you may or can not do. For example, a kingdom that says, aleven though shalt now no longer steal. This could be a substantial regulation.
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Which of the following terms does NOT describe a casualty that could be deductible for tax purposes if it occurs in a federally-declared disaster area?
Sudden
Weakened
Unusual
Unexpected
The term that does not describe a casualty that could be deductible for tax purposes if it occurs in a federally-declared disaster area is Weakened. Option B
What is a casualty?Generally, A person who has been killed, injured, or rendered unable to function as a result of some event is referred to as a casualty in civilian parlance.
The term is typically used to describe multiple deaths and injuries that have occurred as a result of violent incidents or natural disasters. It is frequently misunderstood to mean "fatalities," but injuries that do not result in death are also considered casualties.
In conclusion, Weakened is a phrase that cannot be used to describe a casualty that may be deducted for tax reasons if it takes place in an area that has been designated a disaster by the federal government. Alternative
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george washington occupation and political expierience of the delegates to the constituation convention
Washington was just as upset with the rebels themselves as he was with the weak Congress' failure to put an end to Shays' Rebellion.
He reserved his most venomous scorn for those who begged him to utilise his considerable "power" to contribute to the restoration of peace.
Washington attended the Philadelphia Constitutional Convention in 1787 as a delegate because he was worried about the country's impending collapse. He presided over the convention, and ratifying the newly proposed Constitution was made possible thanks in large part to his assistance.
He led the Constitutional Convention, trying to establish a consensus while enforcing total secrecy as the delegates began the contentious task of not only amending but completely replacing the Articles of Confederation.
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Henry is involved in a multi-car collision on the highway where someone was injured. The road was closed for about 3 hours. His cargo was not damaged. Does henry need to make a report to canutec?.
Yes, Henry needs to report to Canutec because due to his involvement in multi car collision, the highway was closed for 3 hours.
If anybody is hurt or killed, individuals are rescued, or a building, road, or rail line is stopped as a result of the incident, additional reports must be sent to its consignor of the products and to CANUTEC. The Canadian Transport Emergency Center, or CANUTEC, is managed by Transport Canada.
A 24/7 countrywide advising service called CANUTEC helps emergency response teams deal with incidents involving hazardous commodities. Bilingual scientists with expertise in chemistry or a similar field who are skilled in emergency response work at the emergency centre.
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What is the fundamental philosophy of the Natural school?
The fundamental philosophy of the Natural school of law is that there is a higher law which is based on morality upon which the validity of human law can be measured.
What is Natural Law?
Natural law refers to a system of law which is entirely based on precedent of human nature, and based on values intrinsic to human nature that can be seen and applied independently of positive law.
Natural law is the law that guides nature and as such does not always depend on the opinions of humans, rather it is mostly based of morality.
Differences between Natural Law and human Law include the following;
Natural law is based upon principles and truth while human law is based upon dogmatic believes.Natural laws are obeyed based on understanding and Knowledge, while human laws are based on the fear of punishmentNatural laws are universal which means that exist and are applied everywhere irrespective of location while human laws are unique to each location.Natural laws exist and cannot be change, while human laws are subject to changeLearn more about Natural Laws at https://brainly.com/question/559485
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