Answer:
risk free rate= 6.55%
Explanation:
expected return= risk-free rate +Beta*(Market rate- risk-free rate )
Stock Y
16.3=Rf+1.45(Rm-Rf)
16.3=1.45Rm-0.45Rf
Rm=(16.3+0.45Rf)/1.45
Stock Z
12.6=Rf+0.9*(Rm-Rf)
12.6=0.9Rm+0.1Rf
12.6=0.9(16.3+0.45Rf)/1.45+0.1Rf
risk free rate=(12.6-10.11724138)/(0.279310344+0.1)
risk free rate= 6.55%
people are less upset than when they miss getting an early payment discount than when they are asked to bear a late payment surcharge. this best illustrates the importance of
In a situation when people get less upset than when they miss by getting an early payment discount than when they are asked to bear a late payment surcharge, this best illustrates the importance of framing.
What do we understand by framing?In psychology, the term "framing" is known as framing effect, which is a cognitive bias where people decide on options based on whether the options are presented with positive or negative connotations such as either a loss or as a gain.
Most individuals tend to avoid a risk when the positive frame is presented but seek risks when a negative frame is presented So, in this case, the gain & loss are defined in the scenario as descriptions of outcomes such as when lives lost or saved, disease patients treated and not treated etc.
The concept of framing also helps to develop an understanding of frame analysis within social movements and also in the formation of political opinion where spin plays a large role in political opinion polls that are framed to encourage a response beneficial to the organization that has commissioned the poll.
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Which of the following is an example of a bond being traded on the secondary market? (1 point)
O an investor purchases a bond from a corporation
O an investor sells a bond to another investor
O an investor purchases a bond from the U.S. Treasury
O an investor purchases a bond directly from a municipality
Answer: an the investor sells a bond to another investor.
Explanation: just took the test
the acmeville metropolitan bus service currently charges $0.99 for an all-day ticket, and has an average of 472 riders a day. the bus company is not earning a profit, but according to their contract with the city, they cannot cut the number of buses on the road. they must therefore find a way to increase revenues. the bus company is considering increasing the ticket price to $ 1.1 . the marketing department's studies indicate this price increase would reduce usage to 195 riders per day.
The change in price elasticity of demand will be 5.22%, given the increased price and change in demand.
Percentage change in quantity demanded = [ 195-472/472] *100
= 58% (absolute value ignoring negative sign)
Percentage change in price = [1.1-0.99/0.99] *100
= 11.11 %
Price elasticity of demand = Percentage change in quantity demanded /
Percentage change in price
=58/11.11
= 5.22%
Price elasticity of demand: The relationship between the fluctuation in a product's quantity supplied and the proportion change in price is known as price elasticity of demand. It assists analysts comprehend how both demand and supply shift in response to shifts in a product and service. Basically, it helps in understanding how sensitive the demand of a product is in comparison to change in its price. Some the fluctuation in demand could be more and sometime less as compared to change in price.
The complete question is here:
The Acmeville Metropolitan Bus Service currently charges $0.99 for an all-day ticket and is used by an average of 623 riders a day. The bus company is not earning a profit, but according to their contract with the city, they cannot cut the number of buses on the road. They must therefore find a way to increase revenues. The bus company is considering increasing the ticket price to $1.21. The marketing department's studies indicate this price increase would reduce usage to 473 riders per day.
Calculate the price elasticity of demand.
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the new economic pattern that developed when automation disiplaced scarce home produced goods the poor could afford the necessities and small luxuries of life.
The new economic pattern that came about when the poor were able to afford the necessities and small luxuries that life provided was the development of the Middle Class.
Find out more below.
How did the Middle Class develop?The Middle Class came about as a result of several reasons such as the increased incomes that came with improved production techniques, and the accessibility of goods and services that were previously reserved for the elite and wealth in society.
Thanks to the Industrial Revolution, automation and improved factory production led to goods that used to be scarce such as proper clothing, being available in larger quantities.
As a result, the poorer people were able to get jobs in these factories and also spend on these goods which led to a new class being created between the elite and the poor - the Middle Class.
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_1. Scientific management’s focus was based on what?
a. Improving efficiency
b. Using knowledge, fairness, and logical rules and procedures.
c. On how and what managers should do in their jobs
d. The employee’s humanistic needs
Answer:
Explanation:
Scientific management is a theory of management that analyzes and synthesizes workflows. Its main objective is improving economic efficiency, especially labor productivity. It was one of the earliest attempts to apply science to the engineering of processes in management.
joe's company designs and sells water pumps. joe distributes the pumps through mark's company, beaver pelt distributors, inc. mark receives an order for a pump from disney to install on the it's a small world ride. mark doesn't have the exact pump that disney needs, but he decides to modify one of joe's pumps to meet disney's need. the pump ultimately arrives and is faulty because the modification made by mark damaged the pump. the pump failure causes $100,000 in damages in the ride. is joe liable for those damages?
The defect occurred after the pump left Joe's possession.
Dependent territory is a region of land over which another nation exercises sovereignty but over which it does not have the full rights to participate in its governing structures.
The offense of drug possession
Ownership
Physical possessions that belong to a person but are not their real estate
Exclusive practical control over anything is referred to as possession (law) when discussing the legal ramifications of that control.
A physical, functional, or aesthetic characteristic of a good or service that shows that it falls short of one of the expected standards is called a fault.
Examples
An angular defect is when some angles do not add up to the expected 360° or 180°, even though they should on the Euclidean plane.
birth defect: an affliction that exists from birth
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time remaining 52:38 iliana signed up for a store credit card with no annual fee to get a discount of 12.5 percent off her entire first purchase. percents total 100% if she saved $7.29 on her first purchase by using this credit card, what was the total price of the items before the discount? $0.91 $1.71 $58.32 $91.13
52:38 remain iliana obtained a store credit card with no annual fee in order to receive a discount of 12.5% off her total initial purchase. %s add up to 100% If she used this credit card to make her initial purchase, she would have saved $7.29, making the final cost of the products before the reduction $58.32.
In times of financial difficulty, using a credit card can be an excellent method to manage your money. You are able to get money, buy things, and pay it back later thanks to this. The best thing is that credit cards are widely used, extensively recognized, and, when used wisely, offer considerable financial flexibility.
Keep reading to learn more about credit cards and their advantages if you're new to them.
When a consumer uses a credit card, they can borrow money up to the pre-approved credit limit. Credit cards are a sort of credit facility offered by banks. The ability to buy goods and services is provided to customers. The credit card provider bases the credit card limit on variables including income and credit score.
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if the premier corporation has an roe of 14 percent and a payout ratio of 16 percent, what is its sustainable growth rate? (do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
If the leading corporation has a retention ratio of 16 percent and a return on equity of 14 percent, its sustainable growth rate is 11.76%.
Retention Ratio = 1- Payout ratio
Retention Ratio = 1-16% = 1-0.16 = 0.84 = 84%
sustainable Growth Rate = return on Equity * retention ratio
= 14.00 *0.84 = 11.76%
The percentage of earnings retained by the company is known as the retention ratio. The retention ratio is the portion of equity net income that is kept in-house rather than distributed as dividends in order to expand the company. It is the polar opposite of the payout ratio, which computes the proportion of profits distributed to shareholders in the form of dividends. Another name for the retention ratio is the plowback ratio.
The retention ratio aids investors in determining how much cash a company is holding back to reinvest in its operations. Earnings growth equity may be negatively impacted if a corporation distributes all of its retained earnings as dividends or does not reinvest them in the company.
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a company asks aurora to work on a mobile device that belongs to a colleague. after her evaluation, she narrows down the list of things to consider doing. they include uninstalling some apps, updating the os, and possibly performing a factory reset. what would have prompted her to consider these actions? group of answer choices
The factor that would make Aurora to be able to consider all of the factors that have been listed here as she is to work on the device would be the knowledge of the different factors that may cause a device to malfunction.
What is the reason why the phone may have issues?The reason why a phone may have issues may be different based on the types of issues that the phone has been listed to be having.
The OS of the phone is the operating system of that phone. It is what the phone is able to function by.
Given the type of issue that is the problem, the factory reset would be necessary. This would help to wipe the phone and may it empty in a way that it would come in the same way as it was when it was bought.
Uninstalling the app may cause the storage to be free and also help to remove a malicious application as well from the phone.
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You want to take earnings from your part-time job to pay for a new laptop. Your monthly take-home pay is $500 and the laptop costs $1,200. What percentage of your pay do you need to save in order to buy the laptop in 12 months?.
You want to use the money from your side job to buy a new laptop. The laptop costs $1,200, and your monthly take-home salary is $500.. To purchase a laptop in a year, you must save aside 20 percent of your pay.
An salary is the amount of money that they are given each month by their employer, particularly if they work in an occupation like education, law, or medical. A large remuneration was given to the attorney. All civil officials will now receive higher salary, according to the administration. Your base pay is what you receive before any perks or deductions. Once one has reached a specific income level, they may receive dividends from shares or overtime salary. piece of work, specifically a specified activity carried out as part of one's daily activities or for a set fee is called job. He was given the task of mowing the grass by her. an editorial position, whether full- or part-time: She was looking for job.
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As economies move toward greater privatization, there is a greater likelihood of facing the phenomenon that japan faced due to the stock market collapse. Privatization transfers assets.
As economies move toward greater privatization, there is a greater likelihood of facing the phenomenon that Japan faced due to the stock market collapse. Privatization transfers assets from the state to private owners.
The shift toward a market-primarily based monetary device often entails a number of steps: deregulation, privatization, and creation of a felony machine to guard page four belongings rights.
Being first typically allows a corporation to set up a robust emblem reputation and customer loyalty before competitors input the arena. other blessings include extra time to ideal its product or service and placing the market price for the new object.
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you bid for a coin. you're confident that the price of the coin is between 0 and 100, if your bid is greater than the price, you win and sell it to your friend at the price of 1.5 times price. what's your bid to max your profit?
The best you can do is eliminate the possibility of losing money by bidding 0 and ensuring you lose the auction as this is a quadratic function that maximizes when Bid = 0.
Let us suppose P Uniform (0, 100). Now our answer is argmax_B E[max(0, 1.5P - B)] = argmax_B E[0 | 1.5P - B 0] * Pr(1.5P - B > 0).
It is simple to calculate E[0 | 1.5P - B 0] = (150 - B)/150 = 1 - B/150, Pr(1.5P - B 0]. It might be beneficial to reconfigure this condition and solve it graphically. This can be rewritten as E[1.5P - B | P > 2B/3]. This expectation occurs graphically at the midpoint of 100 and 2B/3, which is 50 + B/3.
As a result, we're looking for argmax B 0 * B/150 + (50 + B/3) * (1 - B/150). This is a quadratic function that maximizes when B = 0.
We have two options: either you lose the auction and receive nothing, or you win the auction and lose a quarter of your bid. The best you can do is eliminate the possibility of losing money by bidding 0 and ensuring you lose the auction.
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after the accounts have been adjusted at april 30, the end of the fiscal year, the following balances were taken from the ledger of twin trees landscaping co.:
The account summary is as follows
Dr. Fees had a salary of 279,100.A breakdown of the revenue generated by Cr: 279,100The Honorable Dr. Oscar Killingsworth, Capital 5,500A summary of the income from Cr: 5,500This is further explained below.
What is an account?Generally, An account is a record that contains a summary of the relevant transactions that are associated with a certain head.
It not only tracks the monetary value of the transactions but also the consequences and outcomes of such transactions.
For instance, a cash account will detail every cash that has been received in addition to cash that has been paid out.
(Accounting: Statements of Financial Position) A thorough record of all the money that a person or company has received and spent is kept in what is known as an account.
In the method of accounting known as double entry, each debit and credit that is recorded in one account is likewise recorded in another account as either a credit or a debit.
In conclusion,
Comprehensive income report for Dr. 284,600
Wages Expense 221,600 ------Cr
Rent Expense 43,800 ------Cr
Supplies Expense 9,000 ------Cr
Miscellaneous Expense 10,200 ------Cr
Dr. Fees had a salary of 279,100.
A breakdown of the revenue generated by Cr: 279,100
The Honorable Dr. Oscar Killingsworth, Capital 5,500
A summary of the income from Cr: 5,500
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CQ
Closing Entries After the accounts have been adjusted at April 30, the end of the fiscal year, the following balances were taken from the ledger of Twin Trees Landscaping Co.: Oscar Killingsworth, Capital $503,900 Oscar Killingsworth, Drawing 8,200 Fees Earned 279,100 Wages Expense 221,600 Rent Expense 43,800 Supplies Expense 9,000 Miscellaneous Expense 10,200 Journalize the two entries required to close the accounts. If an amount box does not require an entry, leave it blank.
question 5suppose that as a project manager you’re running a kick-off meeting. during the meeting, you spend about ten minutes to set expectations for the team and the next steps they should take. what agenda item does this represent?
The agenda item does in the meeting represent what comes next.
A kickoff meeting can be described as the first meeting with the project team and with or without the client of the project. Kickoff meeting would follow definition of the base elements for other project planning activities and the project.
There are several steps for successful kickoff meeting, such as:
Create an Agenda (and Stick to it)Run Through Any Key DatesLeave Time for QuestionsWrap Up With Action ItemsExplain Roles and Basic ResponsibilitiesGive an Overview of How You'll Accomplish the WorkFollow Up With an EmailLearn more about kickoff meeting here https://brainly.com/question/19205596
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machinery was purchased on january 1 for $84,280.00. the machinery has an estimated life of seven years and an estimated salvage value of $9,000. double-declining-balance depreciation for the second year would be (round calculations to the nearest dollar): a.$18,200 b.$17,200 c.$16,200 d.$16,700
Double-declining-balance depreciation for the second year would be $17,200
Cost=$84,280
Estimated life=7 years
Depreciation under double declining balance method=((cost-accumulated depreciation)/useful life)*2
Depreciation in the first year=((84280-0)/7)*2=$24,080
Depreciation in the second year=((84280-24080)/7)*2=$17,200
The answer is $17,200
Correct Option is B.
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in contrast, the lincoln company is closely held and, therefore, cannot generate reliable inputs with which to apply the capm method to estimate its cost of internal equity (retained earnings). however, its management knows that its outstanding bonds are currently yielding 8.42%, and the firm’s analysts estimate that the risk premium of its stocks over its bonds is currently 1.48%. as result, lincoln’s cost of internal equity (r
Outstanding bonds are currently yielding 8.42%, and the firm’s analysts estimate that the risk premium of its stocks over its bonds is currently 1.48%. as result, lincoln’s cost of internal equity = 9.9
Cost of equity = Bond's yield + risk premium
Internal equity, in its simplest form, refers to how employees in a firm who hold comparable roles or possess comparable skill sets are paid, whether through salaries or other perks associated with the job. Internal equity, then, is about equal pay for equal work.
Stock in the context of finance refers to the shares into which ownership of a corporation or company is divided.
[1] (In particular, the term "stocks" is also used to describe shares in American English.) A single share of stocks represents a portion of the corporation's ownership in relation to the total number of shares.
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jessica is a sales representative for a pharmaceutical company. if she meets her monthly sales goal, the company gives her a 3% pay boost for the quarter. which aspect of a high-performance work system does the pay boost demonstrate?
Reward system aspect of a high-performance work system is given by company when Jessica is met the sales goal.
'A reward system is any financial, non-monetary, or emotional remuneration that an institution offers to its employees in exchange for the duties they do.'
Motivation factors and non - monetary benefits could be included in reward system. External motivators are items such as cash reward and favorable working conditions that a worker earns as a result of their position. Intrinsic rewards are gratifications that occur from actually doing things, such as self-gratification and a sense of contributing to the community. Numerous individuals who work for charitable organizations, for instance, generally earn less that they would if they started working for a business organization. They are swapping external rewards for the incentive of performing a task they assume is advantageous to society. Reward system is helpful for an organization to keep its employees motivated toward achieving higher goals.
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rental activitiesblank . multiple choice question. are always classified as business activities and the expenses are deducted for agi may be classified as investment activities or business activities, but the expenses are always deducted for agi may be classified as investment activities or business activities, but the expenses are always deducted from agi are always classified as investment activities and the expenses are deducted from agi
The rental activities are always classified as business activities and the expenses are deducted for agi may be classified as investment activities or business activities.
What business activities?The business activities can be described as the activities that is needed to be performed so that the goals as well as the objectives of making profit can be achieved in the organization.
It should be noted the rental activities can as well be described as a business activities which can be one of the expenses of the company so far the rental service brought about values to the company.
Therefore option A is correct.
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Janyce is the human resource manager at a manufacturing company. Her counterparts are the managers of engineering, accounting, manufacturing, and purchasing. The firm is organized to create efficiencies by grouping people with common knowledge and skills. What term best describes this departmentalization?.
Janyce is the human resource manager at a manufacturing company. Her counterparts are the managers of engineering, accounting, manufacturing, and purchasing. The firm is organized to create efficiencies by grouping people with common knowledge and skills. Functional departmentalization describes this departmentalization.
Manufacturing is the making of products by means of hand or via device that upon of entirety the business sells to a consumer. objects utilized in manufacture may be uncooked substances or element parts of a larger product. the manufacturing normally takes place on a huge-scale manufacturing line of machinery and professional exertions.
A manufacturer is a person or organisation that produces finished items from raw substances with the aid of the use of numerous equipment, device, and approaches, and then sells the products to consumers, wholesalers, vendors, outlets, or to other manufacturers for the manufacturing of extra complicated goods.
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a retail store does not segregate sales and the amount of sales tax on sales. if the sales tax rate is 5% and the register total amounted to $262,500, what is the amount of the sales taxes owed to the taxing agency?
The amount of the sales taxes owed to the taxing agency is $12500
TurboTax is attempting to peer in case you are eligible to itemize. If you stay in a nation without a nation tax, you may deduct nation and neighborhood income tax paid. When requested the way you need to go into your income tax, choose Easy Guide. Answer the questions about the following few screens.
To record and pay your Louisiana income tax you've got a few options: File on-line on the Louisiana Taxpayer agency Access Point: You can remit your fee thru their on-line system. Pay through credit score card. Autophile – Let Tax Jar record your income tax for you. Let's say you are shopping for a $one hundred objects with an income tax of 5%. Your math might be simply: [cost of the item] x [percentage as a decimal] = [sales tax]. That's $one hundred x. 05 =$5.
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What is the value of a stock that you believe will sell in three years for $81 a share and will pay $3. 00 in dividends every year for the three-year period assuming your required return is 10%?.
A stock that you think will go for $81 per share in three years and will pay $3.00 in dividends annually for that time period, providing your needed return is 10%, is worth $68.32.
N = 3
I = 10
PV = ? = $68.32
PMT = 3
FV = 81
A stock, usually referred to as equity, is a type of investment that denotes ownership in a portion of the issuing dividends company. Shares, also known as units of stock, entitle its owners to a share of the company's assets and income in proportion to the number of shares they possess.
Most individual investors' portfolios are built on stocks, which are mostly bought and sold on stock exchanges. Government standards designed dividends to shield investors from dishonest tactics must be followed during stock trades.
In order to raise money to run their operations, corporations issue stock, and the holder of that shares, known as a shareholder, may be entitled to some of the company's assets and earnings.
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you are presented with an investment opportunity. for $10,000 today, the investment will return $15,000 in 5 years. if a comparable opportunity returns 8%, what is the npv of this investment rounded to the nearest dollar?
The formula to find net present value (NPV) is present value of expected cash flow - today's value of invested cash = 15000 - 10000 = 5000
The worth of all potential expected cash flows, both positive and negative, discounted to the present, is known as net present value (NPV).
The concept of net present value (NPV) is used to calculate the current value of all projected future cash flows, including the initial capital expenditure. In capital budgeting, it is frequently used.
I simple words Net present value, as its name implies, is nothing more than the future value of cash inflows and outflows after discounting them at a predetermined rate.
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yasmin is an accountant and she joined the american accounting society because that group keeps her skills updated as an accountant. what is her motive?
Yasmin is an accountant and she joined the american accounting society because that group keeps her skills updated as an accountant, her motive is personal incentives.
What is the main role of accountants in society?
Accountancy professionals in business assists with corporate strategy, provide advice and aid businesses to minimize costs, improve their top line and mitigate risks. As a board directors, professional accountants in business directs the interest of the owners of the company .
What are the main duties and responsibilities of an accountant?Ensuring the correctness of financial documents, as well as their compliance with relevant laws and regulations. Preparing and maintaining necessary financial reports. Organising tax returns and ensuring that taxes are paid properly and on time.
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an effective, logical business message includes which of the following characteristics? (choose every correct answer.) multiple select question. applicability of research supported facts broad generalizations research-backed ideas
A logical business message should have research-backed ideas, applicability of research, supported facts.
Effective messages have a specific goal to educate, convince, or work with the target audience. The message should be created taking into account the level of knowledge, possible response, and relationship with the composer of the audience. Unless there are several concerns that need to be addressed jointly, it is often advisable to stick to one major point per message. Having a clear aim in mind when communicating in business will also help choose the best channel for getting the word through.
Selecting the proper channel to deliver the message is also crucial. Large audiences can be reached by email, however smaller groups are better served by face-to-face communication.
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jeff is under contract with isu to teach business law classes. another college in the area knows jeff is under contract, however they approach jeff and offer him more money to breach the contract with isu and teach at their college. jeff declines the offer and continues teaching at isu. could isu sue the other college for intentional interference with a contractual relationship?
Yes, ISU can sue the other college which is basically a third party for intentional interference with a contractual relationship.
A contract is an actionable legal relationship that creates, specifics, and governs the entitlement and duties of the parties. The exchange of goods, facilities, finances, or a guarantee to transmit any of these at a point later are major ingredients of contracts. Here, the Jess is under the contract with ISU and is obligated to teach here, until this contract gets over. ISU can even sue Jess, if he breaches his contractual obligation.
But here another college is interfering with their contractual relation by giving offer to Jess to teach at their college and breach the contract with ISU. Here, ISU can sue the other college if their action causes breach of contract.
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you went on the job interview for the sales associate position at the store. What are four questions you could ask yourself to help you evaluate how well you did in the interview?
You attended the interview for the job of sales associate at the shop. A small introduction, strengths and weaknesses, skills, and an evaluation of your performance in the interview are the four questions you can use to gauge your performance.
What is the main query in the interview for the post of sales associate at the store?Introduce yourself with strengths and weaknesses, skills, and an evaluation of your performance. shortly.
What is your history as a sales associate in terms of consistently reaching quotas?
What criteria do you employ to decide whether a product is suitable for your target market?
Tell me about a time when you dealt with a customer who was irate because there was a lack of a product they wanted to purchase.
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What is the average correlation between a randomly selected pair of u. S. Stocks?.
The average correlation between a randomly selected pair of u. S. Stocks between 0 and 1.
The future performance of two equities in relation to one another can be predicted using covariance formulas. Covariance can be used to analyze historical returns to discover if stock returns often move in unison or opposition to one another.
Whether two equities have a high or low covariance may not be an important indicator by itself. Covariance can show how stocks move in tandem, but to assess the strength of the association.
When creating effective investment portfolios, modern portfolio theory (MPT) uses covariance. Finding assets with a low or negative correlation is important for achieving the best risk-return trade-off.
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A curve representing groupings of customers who adopt new products over a period of time illustrates the ______.
A curve depicting groupings of consumers who embrace new items over time exemplifies the diffusion of innovation.
What is the meaning of diffusion?The net flow of material from a location of high density to a region of small quantity caused by random mobility of molecules is termed as diffusion.
The product diffusion curve hypothesis describes how individuals and big organizations adapt to new ideas and inventions. Therefore, it can be concluded that diffusion of innovation is the correct term.
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the net investment income tax is imposed on the of (a) net investment income or (b) the excess of agi over a specific level depending on filing status.
Depending on filing status, either (a) net investment income or (b) the excess of adjusted AGI over a certain level are subject to the net investment income tax.
Prior to taxes, investment assets AGI such as bonds, equities, mutual funds, loans, and other investments generate income known as net investment income (NII) (less related expenses). Whether net investment income consists of dividends, interest, or capital gains will affect the individual tax rate.
Investors realize a gain or loss when AGI they sell assets from their portfolios; the outcome depends on the sale's proceeds. Capital gains from the sale of stocks, interest income from fixed-income investments, dividends paid to shareholders, rental income from real estate, some annuity payments, royalties, and other types of income are examples of realized profits. Net investment income is the sum of any realized gains (before taxes) less any trade commissions or other costs (NII). Whether the asset was sold for a capital gain or loss would determine whether NII was positive or negative.
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The complete question is
The net investment income tax is imposed on the of__________ (a) net investment income or (b) the excess of __________ AGI over a specific level depending on filing status.
if it is alleged that an associated person of a member firm violated one or more finra rules, which arm of finra will issue the complaint? a) state securities administrator b) department of enforcement c) federal reserve board d) sec
The Department of Enforcement division of finra will file the complaint if it is claimed that a member firm's affiliated individual violated one or more finra rules.
A multitude of purposes are served by enforcement, including ensuring Enforcement adherence to social norms within isolated communities, maximizing social benefits and protecting the public interest, and even The Department of Enforcement division of finra will file the complaint if it is claimed that a member firm's affiliated individual violated one or firm's more finra rules. even serving the institutions that oversee enforcement's own interests.
Both public and private, non-governmental actors are capable of carrying out enforcement. Enforcement frequently takes the form of coercion or the Enforcement use of power imbalances to restrain action. firm's Some academics, like Kate Andrias, have also asserted that institutions enact laws and regulations when determining "when and how to apply" them.
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