The additional cash investments made by Sorensen and Lucas were also journalized. The classified balance sheet for Blossom Company on January 1, 2022, shows total assets of $111,800 and total liabilities and owners' equity of $111,800.
In order to prepare separate journal entries to record the transfer of each proprietorship's assets and liabilities to the partnership, Blossom Company, we need to consider the agreed-upon valuations for noncash assets. Here are the journal entries for each proprietorship:
Transfer of Sorensen's assets and liabilities:
Date: January 1
Account Titles and Explanation Debit Credit
Cash $10,000
Accounts Receivable $13,000
Inventory $19,500
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $3,300
Equipment $33,000
Accumulated Depreciation - Equipment $25,900
Notes Payable $2,200
Accounts Payable $17,800
Sorensen, Capital $13,300
Blossom Company, Capital (Transfer) $94,900
Transfer of Lucas' assets and liabilities:
Date: January 1
Account Titles and Explanation Debit Credit
Cash $8,900
Accounts Receivable $19,000
Inventory $13,600
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $3,000
Equipment $21,000
Accumulated Depreciation - Equipment $11,300
Notes Payable $3,300
Accounts Payable $8,100
Lucas, Capital $17,100
Blossom Company, Capital (Transfer) $84,500
Next, for the additional cash investment by each partner:
Sorensen's investment:
Date: January 1
Account Titles and Explanation Debit Credit
Cash $3,700
Sorensen, Capital $3,700
Lucas' investment:
Date: January 1
Account Titles and Explanation Debit Credit
Cash $14,100
Lucas, Capital $14,100
Finally, to prepare the classified balance sheet for Blossom Company on January 1, 2022:
BLOSSOM COMPANY
Balance Sheet
January 1, 2022
Current Assets:
Cash $23,600
Accounts Receivable $32,000
Inventory $33,100
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $6,300
Total Current Assets $95,000
Property, Plant, and Equipment:
Equipment $54,000
Accumulated Depreciation - Equipment $37,200
Total Property, Plant, and Equipment $16,800
Total Assets $111,800
Current Liabilities:
Notes Payable $5,500
Accounts Payable $25,900
Total Current Liabilities $31,400
Owners' Equity:
Sorensen, Capital $17,000
Lucas, Capital $31,200
Total Owners' Equity $48,200
Total Liabilities and Owners' Equity $111,800
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Describe the value of the entrepreneurship method, including
what it emphasizes.
Entrepreneurship is the process of establishing and managing a new business enterprise by identifying a gap in the market and creating a product or service to fill that gap. In contrast to traditional business practices, entrepreneurship emphasizes on creativity, innovation, and risk-taking.Entrepreneurship method is valuable because it is characterized by an experimental approach to business,
whereby the entrepreneur engages in research and development to identify new business opportunities and develop new products or services to fill those opportunities. This method emphasizes innovation and encourages individuals to take risks and pursue new ideas,
which is critical in today's fast-paced and dynamic business environment.Moreover, entrepreneurship involves developing a deep understanding of customer needs and preferences, which leads to the creation of unique and highly customized products and services that meet the needs of specific customer segments. This process results in high customer satisfaction, customer loyalty,
and increased profitability for the entrepreneur.Entrepreneurship also fosters a culture of creativity and innovation that leads to continuous improvement in products and services, as entrepreneurs seek to find new and better ways to meet customer needs. This culture of innovation helps to drive economic growth and creates new job opportunities for people.In conclusion, entrepreneurship method is valuable because it fosters innovation, risk-taking, and a customer-centric approach to business. It encourages individuals to pursue their ideas, take risks, and create new products and services that meet the needs of customers. By doing so, entrepreneurship contributes significantly to economic growth and development by creating new job opportunities, improving customer satisfaction, and driving innovation.
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An unknown sample of a common rock-forming mineral exhibits the physical properties shown below in bold. Identify this mineral based on these physical properties, and select the best answer from the pulldown menu. scratches knife blade, adamantine luster ✓[ Select ] Apatite Augite Bauxite Biotite Calcite Chlorite Corundum Dolomite Fluorite Galena Garnet Graphite Gypsum Halite Hematite Hornblende Limonite Magnetite Muscovite Olivine Orthoclase Plagioclase Pyrite Quartz Talc
The unknown sample of a common rock-forming mineral that scratches a knife blade and has an adamantine luster is corundum.
Corundum is a mineral that is made up of aluminum oxide with the chemical formula Al2O3. The crystalline form of corundum is most commonly seen as a hexagonal crystal system, with pyramidal and rhombohedral habit. Corundum is a mineral with a hardness of 9.0 on the Mohs hardness scale, making it one of the most durable minerals known.
The Mohs hardness scale is used to determine the hardness of a mineral. The scale ranges from 1 to 10, with 1 being the softest and 10 being the hardest. The scale is as follows:1. Talc2. Gypsum3. Calcite4. Fluorite5. Apatite6. Orthoclase7. Quartz8. Topaz9. Corundum10.
Diamond, Adamantine, luster, Adamantine luster is a term used to describe a bright, sparkling, diamond-like appearance of certain minerals. Corundum is an example of a mineral with an adamantine luster.
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Development of Version 2.0 of a particular accounting software product is being considered by Jose Noguera's technology firm in Baton Rouge. The activities necessary for the completion of this project are listed in the following table: a) Based on the given information regarding the activities for the project, the project length = weeks.
a) Based on the given information regarding the activities for the project, the project length =______________weeks.
b) The total cost required for completing this project on normal time = $___________
c) For reducing the duration of the project by one week, the activity that should be crashed first is activity _________. The cost of the project based on the first activity selected for crashing will increase by $_________.
d) The maximum weeks by which the project can be reduced by crashing = _________weeks
Development of Version 2.0 of a particular accounting software product is being considered by Jose Noguera's technology firm in Baton Rouge.
a) Based on the given information regarding the activities for the project, the project length = 24 weeks.
b) The total cost required for completing this project on normal time = $417,500.
c) For reducing the duration of the project by one week, the activity that should be crashed first is activity 5. The cost of the project based on the first activity selected for crashing will increase by $7,000.
d) The maximum weeks by which the project can be reduced by crashing = 5 weeks.
The critical path and duration for the given network diagram is: Critical path is shown as red path in the diagram. Based on the given information regarding the activities for the project, the project length = 24 weeks. b) The total cost required for completing this project on normal time = $417,500.c) For reducing the duration of the project by one week, the activity that should be crashed first is activity.
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The project length is calculated by identifying the critical path, the total cost is the sum of all task costs, the activity to be crashed first is the one with the lowest cost per unit of time reduction, and the maximum reduction is the entire duration of activities on the critical path with the lowest cost slope.
Explanation:Without the necessary specifics provided in the question, supplying exact answers is impossible. In a general sense, the project length would be calculated by identifying the critical path or the sequence of tasks that adds up to the longest overall duration. This would help determine the total amount of time needed to complete the entire project.
The total cost required for completing the project would be the cumulative expenses of each task involved in it. To reduce the project duration by one week, the activity to be crashed would be the one with the smallest increase in cost per unit of time reduction, known as the cost slope. This means the activity that could bring about the most significant reduction in time, with the least increase in cost, should be identified first.
The maximum weeks by which the project could be reduced by crashing is the entire duration of the activity on the critical path with the lowest cost slope. However, this would also depend on how many activities could technically be crashed and how that impacts the project as a whole.
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For their Growth Mutual Fund, Vivian needs to calculate the Tracking Error (use sample, rather than population). They have the following data for Returns, in % :
Fund Benchmark
7.28 13.59
7.44 11.61
5.20 12.69
7.56 12.88
8.23 13.03
8.60 10.91
What is the TE for this fund?
The answer is, the TE for the given Growth Mutual Fund is approximately 3.20.
How does this entail?The formula to calculate the Tracking Error (TE) for a fund is given by the following equation:
$$TE = \sqrt{\frac{\sum(Fund Return - Benchmark Return)^2}{n-1}}$$where n is the number of observations in the sample.
Given the sample data, the following table can be constructed to calculate the Tracking Error:
Returns Fund Return Benchmark Return Fund Return - Benchmark Return (Fund Return - Benchmark Return)^25.20 5.20 - 12.69 -7.49 55.9925.28 7.44 - 11.61 -4.17 17.3767.56 7.56 - 12.88 -5.32 28.2628.23 8.23 - 13.03 -4.80 23.0408.60 8.60 - 10.91 -2.31 5.3165.31 129.986Adding the values of column 5 yields 129.986, so the TE can be calculated as follows:
$$TE = \sqrt{\frac{\sum(Fund Return - Benchmark Return)^2}{n-1}}$$$$TE = \sqrt{\frac{129.986}{5}}$$$$TE \approx \boxed{3.20}$$.
Therefore, the TE for the given Growth Mutual Fund is approximately 3.20.
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You want a seat on the board of directors of Four Keys, Incorporated. The company has 245,000 shares of stock outstanding and the stock sells for $76 per share. There are currently 5 seats up for election. The company uses straight voting. How many shares do you need to guarantee that you will be elected to the board? Multiple Choice 40,834 shares 110,251 shares 49,000 shares 81668 shares
At least 40,834 shares to guarantee your election to the board of directors of Four Keys, Incorporated using straight voting.The answer is A.
To guarantee your election to the board of directors using straight voting, you need to acquire enough shares to secure a majority of the votes. In straight voting, each shareholder has one vote per share, and the candidates with the most votes win the available seats.
To calculate the number of shares you need, divide the total number of shares by the number of available seats plus one (to account for yourself). In this case, the company has 245,000 shares and there are 5 seats up for election, so you would need:
245,000 shares / (5 seats + 1) = 40,834 shares
Therefore, you would need at least 40,834 shares to guarantee your election to the board of directors of Four Keys, Incorporated using straight voting.The answer is A.
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You are considering making a movie. The movie is expected to cost $10.4 million up front and take a year to produce. After that, it is expected to make $4.1 million in the year it is released and $1.7 million for the following four years. What is the payback period of this investment? If you require a payback period of two years, will you make the movie? Does the movie have positive NPV if the cost of capital is 10.3% ? What is the payback period of this investment? The payback period is years. (Round to one decimal place.) OpenSeas, Inc. is evaluating the purchase of a new cruise ship. The ship will cost $499 million, and will operate for 20 years. OpenSeas expects annual cash flows from operating the ship to be $71.5 million and its cost of capital is 12.3% a. Prepare an NPV profile of the purchase. b. Identify the IRR on the graph. c. Should OpenSeas proceed with the purchase? d. How far off could OpenSeas' cost of capital estimate be before your purchase decision would change? a. Prepare an NPV profile of the purchase. To plot the NPV profile we compute the NPV of the project for various discount rates and plot the curve. The NPV for a discount rate of 2.0% is $ million. (Round to one decimal place.)
Movie Investment:
The payback period of an investment represents the time it takes to recover the initial investment. In this case, the movie has an upfront cost of $10.4 million and is expected to generate cash flows over a five-year period. The cash flows include $4.1 million in the first year of release and $1.7 million for the subsequent four years. To calculate the payback period, we need to determine when the cumulative cash inflows equal or exceed the initial investment.
Year 1: $4.1 million
Year 2: $1.7 million
Year 3: $1.7 million
Year 4: $1.7 million
Year 5: $1.7 million
Adding up the cash flows, we find that it takes approximately 6.1 years to recover the initial investment:
$4.1 million + $1.7 million + $1.7 million + $1.7 million + $1.7 million = $10.9 million
Since the payback period exceeds the required payback period of two years, it would not be advisable to proceed with making the movie based solely on the payback period criterion.
To determine if the movie has a positive net present value (NPV), we need to discount the future cash flows to their present value and subtract the initial investment. The discount rate is given as 10.3%.
NPV = (CF1 / (1 + r)^1) + (CF2 / (1 + r)^2) + ... + (CF5 / (1 + r)^5) - Initial Investment
NPV = ($4.1 million / (1 + 0.103)^1) + ($1.7 million / (1 + 0.103)^2) + ... + ($1.7 million / (1 + 0.103)^5) - $10.4 million
Calculating the NPV yields a positive value, indicating that the movie has a positive net present value at the given cost of capital.
Cruise Ship Purchase:
To prepare an NPV profile for the purchase of the cruise ship, we need to calculate the NPV of the project at various discount rates. The initial investment is $499 million, and the ship is expected to generate annual cash flows of $71.5 million over a 20-year period. The cost of capital is stated as 12.3%.
Using the NPV formula mentioned earlier, we calculate the NPV for different discount rates to plot the NPV profile. The discount rates chosen are typically a range around the cost of capital.
For a discount rate of 2.0%, the NPV is calculated as:
NPV = ($71.5 million / (1 + 0.02)^1) + ($71.5 million / (1 + 0.02)^2) + ... + ($71.5 million / (1 + 0.02)^20) - $499 million
The calculated NPV value will determine the position on the NPV profile for a discount rate of 2.0%.
Based on the given information, the movie investment does not meet the payback period criterion of two years. However, it has a positive NPV when the cost of capital is 10.3%, suggesting that it could be a financially viable project.
Regarding the cruise ship purchase, it is necessary to calculate the NPV profile using different discount rates to assess its financial feasibility. Once the NPV profile is plotted, we can identify the internal rate of return (IRR) as the discount rate at which the NPV equals zero. If the IRR exceeds the cost of capital, it would indicate a favorable investment. Additionally, the decision to proceed with the purchase should consider factors beyond financial considerations, such as market demand, industry trends, and strategic goals.
To determine the maximum allowable deviation in the cost of capital estimate before the purchase decision changes, a sensitivity analysis is required. By assessing the NPV at various cost of capital values, one can identify the threshold at which the investment's viability becomes uncertain.
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Promises of public officials to perform their official duties are consideration. True or False People are not free to make bad bargains. True or False Legal value is not the same thing as monetary value. True or False Each party to a bilateral contract is only a promisor, not a promisee. True or False
False - In a unilateral contract, only one party makes a promise, and the other party is not obligated to perform unless they choose to accept the offer and fulfill the specified conditions.
False - Promises of public officials to perform their official duties are not considered valid consideration. Public officials are already obligated to perform their duties as part of their role and responsibilities, and therefore, their promise to do so does not provide additional consideration in a contract.
True - People are not free to make bad bargains. The law generally does not protect parties from entering into unfavorable or bad bargains. Once parties voluntarily agree to the terms of a contract, they are bound by its terms and are legally obligated to fulfill their obligations, even if the terms turn out to be disadvantageous or unfavorable.
True - Legal value is not the same thing as monetary value. Legal value refers to something of value that is recognized and accepted by the law as consideration in a contract. While monetary value is often a form of legal value, there are other forms of consideration that may have legal value, such as goods, services, promises, or even refraining from doing something.
False - In a bilateral contract, each party is both a promisor and a promisee. A bilateral contract involves mutual promises made by both parties. Each party makes a promise to the other, and therefore, they are both promisors and promisees in the contract.
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Sawyer Corporation's 2020 sales were $5 million. Its 2015 sales were $2.5 million. a. At what rate have sales been growing? Round your answer to two decimal places. % tho otatoment rarrort? Continue without saving
Sawyer Corporation's sales have been growing at an average annual rate of approximately 14.87% from 2015 to 2020.
To calculate the growth rate of Sawyer Corporation's sales, we need to determine the annual growth rate from 2015 to 2020. The formula to calculate the growth rate is:
Growth Rate = ((Final Value / Initial Value)^(1 / Number of Years)) - 1
Using the given information:
Initial Value (2015 sales) = $2.5 million
Final Value (2020 sales) = $5 million
Number of Years = 2020 - 2015 = 5
Substituting these values into the formula, we get:
Growth Rate = (($5 million / $2.5 million)^(1 / 5)) - 1
Calculating this expression, we find:
Growth Rate = (2^(1 / 5)) - 1
Growth Rate ≈ 0.1487
Converting this growth rate to a percentage, we get:
Growth Rate ≈ 14.87%
Sawyer Corporation's sales have been growing at an average annual rate of approximately 14.87% from 2015 to 2020. This indicates a consistent growth pattern in sales over the specified period.
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Bramble Company manufactures deep-sea fishing rods, which it distributes internationally through a chain of wholesalers. The following data are taken from the budget prepared at the beginning of the year by Bramble's controller. The company applies overhead on the basis of machine hours. Variable manufacturing overhead Fixed manufacturing overhead Direct labor hours Machine hours Annual Budget Variable overhead spending variance $1.992,800 Variable overhead efficiency variance $1,204,800 48,360 $ 249,100 During the month of May, Bramble used 4,360 direct labor hours and 21,980 machine hours. The flexible budget for the month allowed 4,060 direct labor hours and 21,470 machine hours. Actual fixed manufacturing overhead incurred was $108,200; variable manufacturing overhead incurred was $174,040. $ May Budget $182,400 $100,400 (a) Calculate the variable overhead spending and efficiency variances for May. (Round per unit value to 2 decimal places, e.g. 52.75 and final answers to 0 decimal places, e.g. 5,725. If variance is zero, select "Not Applicable" and enter O for the amounts.) 4,030 22,800 + (b) Calculate the fixed overhead spending variance for May. (If variance is zero, select "Not Applicable" and enter O for the amounts.) Fixed overhead spending variance $
Variable overhead spending variance measures the difference between the actual cost of overhead and the budgeted cost of overhead based on the actual number of hours worked.
The formula to calculate variable overhead spending variance is:Actual hours worked x Actual overhead rate - Actual hours worked x Budgeted overhead rate($174,040/21,980*1000) - ($182,400/21,470*1000) = $52,750FavorableVariable overhead efficiency variance.
The formula to calculate variable overhead efficiency variance is:Budgeted hours - Actual hours worked x Budgeted overhead rate(Budgeted hours - Actual hours worked) x $43.20(4,060 - 4,360) x $43.20 = $22,800UnfavorableFixed overhead spending variance.Thus, the variable overhead spending variance is $52,750 (Favorable), the variable overhead efficiency variance is $22,800 (Unfavorable), and the fixed overhead spending variance is $7,800 (Favorable).
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A fe's preferred stock pays an annual vidend of $2, and the stock sets for $65 Flotation costs for new assuances of preferred stock pre 5% of the stock value. What is the after-tax cost of preferred lock of the fam Date is 27 Muttle Chance 0128 O 520% 1241 A feer's preferred stock pays an annual dividend of 12, and the stock as for $65 Fiation cods for new unces of prefered stock are 5% of the stock value. What a t O 5 O O kars
The after-tax cost of the preferred stock is $4.20. To calculate the after-tax cost of preferred stock, we need to consider the annual dividend, flotation costs, and the tax rate.
1. Annual Dividend: $12
2. Stock Price: $65
3. Flotation Costs: 5% of the stock value - Flotation Costs = 0.05 × $65 = $3.25
To calculate the net cost of preferred stock after flotation costs, we subtract the flotation costs from the annual dividend:
Net Cost of Preferred Stock = Annual Dividend - Flotation Costs
Net Cost of Preferred Stock = $12 - $3.25 = $8.75
We are given that the tax rate is 52%. To determine the after-tax cost, we multiply the net cost by (1 - tax rate):
After-Tax Cost of Preferred Stock = Net Cost of Preferred Stock × (1 - Tax Rate)
After-Tax Cost of Preferred Stock = $8.75 × (1 - 0.52)
After-Tax Cost of Preferred Stock = $8.75 × 0.48
After-Tax Cost of Preferred Stock = $4.20
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Jock Simpson, contract negctiator for Nebula Airframe Company, is currently involved in bidding on a follow-up govemment contract. In gathering cost data from the first thee units, which Nebula produced under a research and development contract, he found that the first unit took 2,000 labor hours, the second took 1,500 labor hours, and the third took 1,410 hours. Use Exhiblt 6.5 In a contract for three more units, how mary labor hours should Simpson plan for? (Round your answer to the nearest whole. numbee)
Jock Simpson, the contract negotiator of Nebula Airframe Company is currently bidding on a follow-up government contract. In order to gather cost data from the first three units produced under a research and development contract,
Simpson found that the first unit took 2,000 labor hours, the second took 1,500 labor hours, and the third took 1,410 hours.
Solution:
Given,First unit took 2000 labor hours.
Second unit took 1500 labor hours.Third unit took 1410 labor hours.To calculate the total time for three units, we will add the time taken for the first three units.2000 + 1500 + 1410 = 4910
So, total 4910 labor hours required for three units.
Hence,
we will find the average labor hours required for one unit by dividing the total number of labor hours by
3.4910 / 3 = 1636.66
Therefore, the average number of labor hours required for one unit is 1636.66.
As we need to calculate the number of labor hours required for 3 units,
we will multiply the labor hours required for one unit by
3.1636.66 * 3 = 4910 (rounded to the nearest whole number)
Hence, the number of labor hours that Simpson should plan for is 4910.
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Do you think this character's leadership style is appropriate for the environment he is in?• If so, why? The nature of the work done, the characteristics of the employees, cultural factors etc.Your final evaluation and comments about the movie in terms of leadership.One or a few scenes from the movie or TV show that will serve as an example for what you are talking about.• It is enough tosend me a link here and write the time information of the relevant scene(e.g. 17:34-21:44) • You should also briefly mention what kind of leadership example you have in the scene you have chosen.
The given question asks about the leadership style of a character and its appropriateness to the work environment. However, the name of the character or the work environment hasn't been provided in the question. So, it becomes impossible to give a specific answer to the question.
However, the question mentions that a scene from a movie or TV show can be used as an example. One popular TV show is "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah" (TMKOC) in which there are several characters who show different leadership styles.In TMKOC, Jethalal is the owner of a shop and he is the head of his employees. His leadership style can be described as democratic. He takes the opinions and suggestions of his employees before making any decisions. He believes that everyone should have an equal say in the decisions which will impact them. This style is appropriate for the work environment he is in as he deals with his employees and customers in a friendly way and he makes everyone feel like they are a part of a team.This can be seen in the episode where Jethalal is having problems with a customer who wants to return a defective product. The customer is being aggressive and abusive towards Jethalal's employees. .
In conclusion, Jethalal's leadership style in TMKOC is appropriate for the work environment he is in as he has a small business and his employees work closely with each other. His democratic leadership style ensures that everyone feels like they are a part of a team and their opinions and suggestions are valued.
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A proposal has been submitted for the construction of a new public swimming pool. The total expense of the project is 60 million dollars and the Brisbane City Council is planning to fund the entire project without federal or state government support. Every Brisbane resident (1.3 million residents) receives a one off health benefit of 14 ($/resident) with this construction that is not directly related to swimming pool visitors. If the number of visitors is estimated to be 392021.1, what is the minimum that visitors must value the new swimming pool if the project is to be efficient? Answer to the nearest whole dollar per visitor (with no decimal points, spaces, $ signs, or commas in your answer).
To determine the minimum value that visitors must assign to the new swimming pool for the project to be efficient, we can follow these steps:
1. Calculate the total expense of the project, which is $60 million.
2. Divide the total expense by the number of visitors, which is 392021.1, to find the cost per visitor.
3. Subtract the one-off health benefit received by each resident, which is $14, from the cost per visitor.
4. Round the result to the nearest whole dollar per visitor.
Let's perform the calculations:
1. $60,000,000 (total expense) / 392021.1 (number of visitors) = $152.95 (cost per visitor)
2. $152.95 (cost per visitor) - $14 (one-off health benefit) = $138.95
3. Round $138.95 to the nearest whole dollar per visitor, which is $139.
Therefore, the minimum value that visitors must assign to the new swimming pool for the project to be efficient is $139 per visitor.
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Explain the four products types with examples from Dr. Kraljic's
A. Leverage products
B. Routine Products
C. Strategic Products
D. Bottlenecks Products
Dr. Kraljic's framework is a purchasing model that categorizes a company's purchasing requirements and helps businesses better understand how to improve their supply chain management. The four product types according to this framework are leverage products, routine products, strategic products, and bottleneck products.
Here are their definitions along with some examples: A. Leverage products: These products are important to the organization's goals and have a significant impact on its profitability. The supplier market for these products is competitive, so organizations can use their purchasing power to negotiate favorable terms. Examples of leverage products include software, IT equipment, and office supplies.
B. Routine products: These are products that are easy to obtain and do not require much attention. They are typically low-value items that are purchased frequently and in large quantities. Examples include stationery, cleaning supplies, and tools.
C. Strategic products: These are products that have a significant impact on the organization's goals and require careful management. The supplier market for these products is not always competitive, so organizations need to have long-term relationships with their suppliers to ensure they get the best value. Examples of strategic products include raw materials, specialized equipment, and intellectual property.
D. Bottleneck products: These are products that are critical to the organization's operations, but the supply chain is unstable or at risk. This could be due to a variety of factors such as supplier risk, natural disasters, or political instability. Examples include specialized components or rare materials needed for production.
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Assume Harvey Noman, an Australian-based MNC, plans to establish a subsidiary in Malaysia to produce computers at a low cost, then sell them in Malaysia and export them to Australia and other countries. It will finance this investment with its own funds in A$, and will pay wages, utility bills and other operating costs in Malaysian Ringgits. In addition, suppose that the subsidiary will invoice all its sales in Malaysian Ringgits or in the importing countries' currency.
Discuss how Harvey Noman might face transaction exposure, economic exposure and translation exposure from exchange rate movements. How can the company reduce the translation risk with a forward contract? Any problem with the use of the forwards?
(Note: your discussion needs to be in the context of Harvey Norman, not generally)
Harvey Norman should carefully evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of using forward contracts to reduce translation risk and ensure it aligns with its risk management strategy.
Harvey Norman, as an Australian-based multinational corporation (MNC), may face transaction exposure, economic exposure, and translation exposure from exchange rate movements when establishing a subsidiary in Malaysia.
1. Transaction exposure: This refers to the risk of exchange rate fluctuations affecting the value of future cash flows. Since Harvey Norman will invoice its sales in Malaysian Ringgits or the importing countries' currency, exchange rate fluctuations can impact its revenues and profits. For example, if the Ringgit weakens against the importing countries' currency, it may reduce the company's profits when converted back to A$.
2. Economic exposure: This relates to the impact of exchange rate movements on the subsidiary's competitiveness and cost structure. Harvey Norman may face economic exposure if the exchange rate affects the cost of inputs, such as wages, utility bills, and operating costs in Malaysian Ringgits. A strengthening Ringgit could increase costs and reduce competitiveness.
3. Translation exposure: This refers to the potential impact of exchange rate fluctuations on the translation of the subsidiary's financial statements back to the parent company's reporting currency (A$). A depreciation of the Ringgit against the A$ could result in lower reported profits for the parent company.
To reduce translation risk, Harvey Norman can use a forward contract. This allows the company to lock in a specific exchange rate for future transactions, mitigating the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on the subsidiary's financial statements. By using a forward contract, Harvey Norman can better forecast its profits and manage its financial risks.
However, there are potential problems with the use of forwards. First, if the actual exchange rate deviates significantly from the forward rate, the company may still incur losses. Additionally, forward contracts are binding and may limit flexibility in responding to changing market conditions. Lastly, entering into forward contracts may require upfront costs and can introduce counterparty risk if the counterparty fails to fulfill their obligations.
Overall, Harvey Norman should carefully evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of using forward contracts to reduce translation risk and ensure it aligns with its risk management strategy.
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#1 You are driving down the highway when one of your tires suddenly blows out. You should
Pump your brakes rapidly, and steer your vehicle to control any skids.
Avoid using your brakes. Slow down gradually and concentrate on steering.
Press hard on your brake pedal and stop as quickly as you can.
A balance sheet is a valuable tool for an analyst as it attests to a company's liquidity and solvency. Explain the importance of liquidity and solvency from the viewpoint of an investor. Incorporate whether you would prefer to have a company that has larger holdings of cash or fixed assets and explain why. In addition, examine what indicators are important when looking at a company's liquidity and solvency.
Liquidity and solvency are important considerations for investors when assessing the financial health and stability of a company.
Liquidity refers to a company's ability to meet its short-term obligations and convert assets into cash quickly. It is crucial because it ensures that a company can cover its immediate financial needs, such as paying bills, salaries, and servicing debts. Investors prefer companies with good liquidity as it signifies their ability to weather unexpected financial challenges and maintain ongoing operations. Solvency, on the other hand, refers to a company's long-term ability to meet its financial obligations. It indicates whether a company's assets are sufficient to cover its liabilities. Investors want to invest in financially solvent companies that have the ability to repay their debts and continue operating in the long term.
When considering the preference for larger holdings of cash or fixed assets, it depends on the investor's investment strategy and the industry in which the company operates. Cash provides immediate liquidity and flexibility, allowing a company to respond to unexpected challenges and seize opportunities. Fixed assets, such as property, plants, and equipment, represent long-term value and can generate income and growth. The preference may vary based on the company's capital requirements, growth prospects, and industry dynamics.
When evaluating a company's liquidity and solvency, important indicators to consider include the current ratio, quick ratio, cash flow from operations, debt-to-equity ratio, and interest coverage ratio. These metrics provide insights into the company's ability to pay its short-term obligations, generate cash flow, manage debt, and meet interest payments. Analyzing these indicators helps investors assess the financial stability and risk profile of a company before making investment decisions.
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Dollar Value LIFO
The information listed in the table below relates to the inventory of T&C Services.
Instructions:
Use the dollar-value LIFO method to compute the ending inventory for T & C Services for 2021 through 2025.
Ending Inventory Price
Date (End-of-Year Prices) Index
Dec 31, 2021 $40,000 1.00
Dec 31, 2022 $37,800 1.05
Dec 31, 2023 $45,580 1.06
Dec 31, 2024 $51,360 1.07
Dec 31, 2025 $46,200 1.10
Using the dollar-value LIFO method, the ending inventory for T & C Services for the years 2021 through 2025 would be as follows: 2021: $40,000, 2022: $42,000, 2023: $42,400, 2024: $42,800, and 2025: $44,000.
To compute the ending inventory for T & C Services using the dollar-value LIFO (Last-In, First-Out) method, we need to calculate the base-year inventory value and apply the inventory price index for each year.
First, we determine the base-year inventory value by dividing the ending inventory value for the base year (2021) by the price index for that year:
2021 base-year inventory value = $40,000 / 1.00 = $40,000
Now, we can calculate the ending inventory for each subsequent year using the dollar-value LIFO method. We start with the base-year inventory value and adjust it based on the price index for each year.
2022 ending inventory:
Base-year inventory value * Price index for 2022 = $40,000 * 1.05 = $42,000
2023 ending inventory:
Base-year inventory value * Price index for 2023 = $40,000 * 1.06 = $42,400
2024 ending inventory:
Base-year inventory value * Price index for 2024 = $40,000 * 1.07 = $42,800
2025 ending inventory:
Base-year inventory value * Price index for 2025 = $40,000 * 1.10 = $44,000
Therefore, the ending inventory for T & C Services for the years 2021 through 2025, using the dollar-value LIFO method, would be as follows:
2021: $40,000
2022: $42,000
2023: $42,400
2024: $42,800
2025: $44,000
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Sleek Corporation is a public corporation whose stock is traded on a national securities exchange. Sleek hired Garson Associates, CPAs, to audit Sleek's financial statements. Sleek needed the audit to obtain bank loans and to offer public stock so that it could expand. Before the engagement, Fred Hedge, Sleek's president, told Garson's managing partner that the audited financial statements would be submitted to Sleek's banks to obtain the necessary loans. During the course of the audit, Garson's managing partner found that Hedge and other Sleek officers had embezzled substantial amounts of money from the corporation. These embezzlements threatened Sleek's financial stability. When these findings were brought to Hedge's attention, Hedge promised that the money would be repaid and begged that the audit not disclose the embezzlements. Hedge also told Garson's managing partner that several friends and relatives of Sleek's officers had been advised about the projected business expansion and proposed stock offering and had purchased significant amounts of Sleek's stock based on this information. Garson submitted an unqualified opinion on Sleek's financial statements, which did not include adjustments for or disclosures about the embezzlements and insider stock transactions. The financial statements and audit report were submitted to Sleek's regular banks, including Knox Bank. Knox, relying on the financial statements and Garson's report, gave Sleek a \$2 million loan. Sleek's audited financial statements were also incorporated into a registration statement prepared under the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933. The registration statement was filed with the SEC in conjunction with Sleek's public offering of 100,000 shares of its common stock at $100 per share. An SEC investigation of Sleek disclosed the embezzlements and the insider trading. Trading in Sleek's stock was suspended, and Sleek defaulted on the Knox loan. As a result, the following legal actions were taken: - Knox sued Garson. - The general-public purchasers of Sleek's stock offering sued Garson. Required: Answer the following questions and give the reasons for your conclusions. a. Would Knox recover from Garson for fraud? b. Would the general-public purchasers of Sleek's stock offerings recover from Garson 1. Under the liability provisions of Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933 ? 2. Under the antifraud provisions of Rule 10b−5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ?
Knox Bank is likely to recover from Garson for fraud because Garson Associates, CPAs, failed to make adjustments for or disclose embezzlements and insider stock transactions. Garson submitted an unqualified opinion on Sleek's financial statements, and Knox Bank relied on it to provide Sleek with a $2 million loan.
Knox Bank relied on Garson Associates, CPAs' opinion, which contained material misstatements about Sleek's financial condition, causing Knox Bank to suffer financial losses. Thus, Knox Bank is likely to recover from Garson for fraud. b. Whether the general-public purchasers of Sleek's stock offerings would recover from Garson under:
1. The liability provisions of Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933: The general-public purchasers of Sleek's stock offering are likely to recover from Garson under the liability provisions of Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933. This is because the Securities Act of 1933 stipulates that the registration statement must contain correct and complete information regarding the securities being offered. This can be interpreted as a violation of Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933, and Garson can be held responsible for the damages.
2. The antifraud provisions of Rule 10b−5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934: The general-public purchasers of Sleek's stock offerings are also likely to recover from Garson under the antifraud provisions of Rule 10b−5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Garson, according to Rule 10b-5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, had a duty to disclose Sleek's embezzlements and insider stock transactions, but it failed to do so, resulting in the plaintiffs suffering damages.
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Jane, a local mother, is concerned about her youngest son, who has been smoking cigarettes. She tells him that, if she catches him smoking or finds cigarettes in his possessions, she'll charge him $10 per cigarette. This is an example of that aims to of the decision to smoke. marginal analysis; decrease the marginal cost an incentive; increase the marginal benefit marginal analysis; increase the marginal benefit an incentive; increase the marginal cost
Jane, a local mother, is concerned about her youngest son, who has been smoking cigarettes. She tells him that, if she catches him smoking or finds cigarettes in his possessions, she'll charge him $10 per cigarette. This is an example of an incentive that aims to decrease the marginal cost of the decision to smoke.
Marginal cost is defined as the change in the total cost that arises when the quantity produced is incremented by one unit while marginal benefit is defined as the additional satisfaction or utility that a person receives from consuming an additional unit of a good or service.
An incentive is the reason or reward given to someone for behaving in a particular way or doing something. The incentive that is given by Jane is to charge $10 per cigarette if caught smoking which will increase the marginal cost of smoking. Marginal cost plays an important role in decision-making. The goal of the incentive is to decrease the marginal cost of smoking, which will, in turn, decrease the likelihood of the son smoking cigarettes. Hence, this is an example of an incentive that aims to decrease the marginal cost of the decision to smoke.
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The Financial Analyst Department (FAD) in Beta PLC is seeking your advice on their new investment portfolio worth $2 m. Their plan is to invest on 1st July to 1st October, three months from now. The fixed rate is given below, You were told that the floating rate is uncertain in the past months. The imvestment period day count convention are 92 days, and the actual/360 convention is used for FRA pricing. The FDA You are required to calculate and identify the highest net interest revenue for the above investment based on the following interest rate hedge instruments, a) FRA contracts b) Eurodollar Futures contract c) Bank Accepted Bills Futures contracts
Compare FRA, Eurodollar Futures, and Bank Accepted Bills Futures to identify the highest net interest revenue.
To determine the highest net interest revenue for the investment portfolio, the Financial Analyst Department (FAD) of Beta PLC can consider the following interest rate hedge instruments:
a) FRA Contracts: Evaluate the potential net interest revenue by entering into Forward Rate Agreement (FRA) contracts. Compare the fixed rate offered in the FRA contract with the expected floating rate during the investment period to determine the highest net interest revenue.
b) Eurodollar Futures Contract: Assess the net interest revenue by utilizing Eurodollar Futures contracts. Compare the futures contract prices with the expected floating rates to identify the highest revenue.
c) Bank Accepted Bills Futures Contracts: Analyze the potential net interest revenue by utilizing Bank Accepted Bills Futures contracts. Compare the futures contract prices with the expected floating rates to determine the highest revenue.
By considering the terms and conditions of each interest rate hedge instrument, the FAD can calculate and identify the option that offers the highest net interest revenue for their $2 million investment portfolio.
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"Leadership consists of nothing but taking responsibility for everything that goes wrong and giving your subordinates credit for everything that goes well." - Dwight D Eisenhower
If you select your people and partners well, clearly communicate your expectations and give team members well defined responsiblities...your event will never have a crisis that will be one of confidence. Explain this further.
Dwight D Eisenhower believed that leadership consisted of nothing but taking responsibility for everything that goes wrong and giving your subordinates credit for everything that goes well.
Therefore, to ensure the success of an event, the leader should select the right people and partners, communicate their expectations clearly, and assign well-defined responsibilities to team members. If these steps are followed, the event will not face a crisis of confidence.
Selecting the right people and partners involves identifying individuals with the necessary skills, experience, and passion for the event. The right team members should have a sense of ownership and be committed to the success of the event.
Communicating expectations is essential to ensure that everyone is aware of their roles and responsibilities. A clear definition of roles and responsibilities will enable each team member to focus on their specific duties, reducing the possibility of conflicts and misunderstandings .When each team member knows their roles, there is a low probability of a crisis that will lead to a lack of confidence in the event.
The responsibilities assigned to each team member should be well-defined and achievable. This will ensure that team members are not overburdened and that they deliver as expected. In conclusion, selecting the right people and partners, clearly communicating expectations, and assigning well-defined responsibilities will ensure that the event runs smoothly, and a crisis of confidence is avoided.
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GC manufactures a range of bicycles and holds an inventory of certain bicycle parts. Part number 1258 costs P8.00 per unit. GC expects to use 8,000 units of part 1258 per annum. Ordering costs have been determined to be P150 per order an inventory holding costs have been estimated at P2.75 per unit per annum. The supplier of part number 1258 has offered a 2% discount off the purchase price if each order is for 2,000 units or more.
Required:
a. Calculate the economic order quantity for part 1258, assuming no discount is given. 3marks
b. Determine whether GC should accept the discount offered.
The Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) for part 1258 is approximately 2,860 units. GC should accept the discount offered by ordering 2,000 units or more, as it results in a lower total cost compared to ordering without the discount.
a. Calculation of the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ):
To calculate the EOQ, we use the formula EOQ = √(2SO/C), where S represents the annual demand, O represents the cost of placing one order, and C represents the annual carrying cost per unit.
Given:
Annual demand (S) = 8,000 units
Cost of placing one order (O) = P150
Annual carrying cost per unit (C) = P2.75
Substituting these values into the formula, we get:
EOQ = √(2 × 8,000 × 150 / 2.75) ≈ 2,860 units
Therefore, the economic order quantity for part 1258 is approximately 2,860 units.
b. Whether GC should accept the discount offered:
The supplier has offered a 2% discount on the purchase price if each order is for 2,000 units or more. To determine if GC should accept this offer, we compare the total cost of ordering 2,000 units with and without the discount.
Without the discount:
Using the formula TC = (S/Q) × O + (Q/2) × C, where Q is the order quantity:
TC = (8,000/2,000) × 150 + (2,000/2) × 2.75 = P3,350
With the discount:
The purchase price per unit after the discount is 98% of the original price, which is P8.00. Thus, the purchase price per unit becomes P7.84.
Using the same formula, TC = (S/Q) × O + (Q/2) × C:
TC = (8,000/2,000) × 150 + (2,000/2) × 2.75 × 98% = P3,305
Comparing the total costs, we see that the total cost of ordering 2,000 units with the discount (P3,305) is lower than without the discount (P3,350). Therefore, GC should accept the discount offered.
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Scarn Logistics has two plants and ships canned vegetables to customers in four cities. The cost of shipping one case from a plant to a customer is given in the accompanying table. The plant in Akron has a capacity of 3,700 cases per week, and the Evansville plant can produce 4,200 cases per week. Customer orders for the next week are as follows: Chicago:1,200 cases; Cincinnati: 2,100 cases; Indianapolis: 2,500 cases; Pittsburgh:1,400 cases. Find the minimum-cost shipping plan.
Plant/Customer Chicago Cincinnati Indianapolis Pittsburgh
Akron 1.72 2.26 2.47 2.15
Evansville 1.91 2.39 1.64 2.98
The shipping plan with the minimum cost is as follows. First, allocate all the cases for the customers in Chicago and Pittsburgh to the Akron plant. Then allocate all the cases for the customers in Cincinnati and Indianapolis to the Evansville plant.
Akron Plant has a capacity of 3,700 cases per week. Chicago and Pittsburgh require 1,200 + 1,400 = 2,600 cases in total.
Akron can handle all the 2,600 cases since 2,600 < 3,700. Evansville will have to take care of the rest since it has the additional capacity to produce the remaining items.
Evansville Plant has a capacity of 4,200 cases per week. Cincinnati and Indianapolis require 2,100 + 2,500 = 4,600 cases in total. Akron Plant can not produce the remaining items since its maximum capacity has been reached. Evansville plant will have to take care of the rest since it has the additional capacity to produce the remaining items.
The total cost is calculated as follows:
Akron Plant cost = 1,200 (cases) x 1.72 (cost per case) + 1,400 (cases) x 2.15 (cost per case) = $ 5,332
Evansville Plant cost = 2,100 (cases) x 2.39 (cost per case) + 2,500 (cases) x 1.64 (cost per case) = $ 11,845Total Cost = $ 5,332 + $ 11,845 = $ 17,177
Thus, the minimum-cost shipping plan is to allocate all cases for the customers in Chicago and Pittsburgh to the Akron plant and all the cases for the customers in Cincinnati and Indianapolis to the Evansville plant.
The total cost will be $17,177.
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Details about Property, Plant and Equipment, such as the age of plant assets and the types of plant assets, are typically reported on the statement of cash flows in a footnote on the income statement on the balance sheet
Property, Plant, and Equipment (PP&E) refer to the long-term assets that companies utilize in their operations. PP&E assets are reported on the balance sheet.
PP&E are recognized at their historical cost, which includes all the costs incurred in acquiring the asset and bringing it to its current condition and location.The age of plant assets and the types of plant assets are typically reported in a footnote accompanying the financial statements. The following are examples of plant assets:Production facilities Machinery and equipment Furniture and fixtures Vehicles, among others.
Most companies report changes in PP&E in the investing activities section of the statement of cash flows. The company must provide a comprehensive account of changes in plant assets in the statement of cash flows. If the proceeds of the sale of PP&E assets are included in investing activities, the gross proceeds and carrying value of the assets sold must be disclosed in the footnotes to the financial statements.In summary, Details about Property, Plant, and Equipment (PP&E) such as the age of plant assets and the types of plant assets are typically reported in a footnote on the income statement on the balance sheet.
They are recognized at their historical cost, which includes all the costs incurred in acquiring the asset and bringing it to its current condition and location.Most companies report changes in PP&E in the investing activities section of the statement of cash flows.
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Joshua and freya are a marved couple who has two Children, fia aged 5, and Cylus aged 10. bshua is haring his ufe INs needs analyzed. He indicates that the wants Sufficient INswance to Conen his childur's 4ing expenses Untu they are 25 years old. Freya is a 37-year-old stay at home mom, and Joshua wants her Living expenses to be corered Untull she is 70 years ald. Living expenses for each Chuld athe 1000 per month and freya's Living expenses are 3000 per morth. According to the capital drandown metted, how much life ins Coverage does bshua need? A.(A) 1608,000 (13) 1300,500 (C) 1406,000 1703000
According to the capital drawdown method, how much life insurance coverage does Joshua need?Joshua and Freya are a married couple with two children, Fia aged 5 and Cylus aged 10. Joshua is having his life insurance needs analyzed.
He indicates that he wants sufficient insurance to cover his children's living expenses until they are 25 years old. Freya is a 37-year-old stay-at-home mom, and Joshua wants her living expenses to be covered until she is 70 years old. Living expenses for each child are 1000 per month, and Freya's living expenses are 3000 per month.
The following is the Capital Drawdown method and how to calculate the amount of insurance coverage needed. The following is an example of how to use the Capital Drawdown method to determine the quantity of insurance required. You may use this process to calculate the quantity of insurance coverage you require, and it is intended to be adaptable to your unique circumstances.
When using this approach, the goal is to have sufficient insurance to generate a specified income for a set number of years, allowing the surviving family members to maintain their standard of living until the family reaches a certain age. Here's how to calculate the amount of life insurance you'll need using the capital drawdown approach: Add up the annual income you want to replace and multiply it by the number of years you want to replace it.
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(10 points) Adam's utility function for wealth is given by U(w)=10+2 w
, where w is wealth (in dollars) and U(.) represents utility. Adam currently has no wealth, but is given the choice between the following options: Option A: receive $6 for sure. Option B: Flip a (fair) coin. If "Heads" is realized, he wins $25. If "Tails" is realized, he wins nothing. Which option will Adam prefer, presuming he is a rational individual who maximizes his expected utility?
Adam’s utility function for wealth is given by U(w) = 10 + 2w. He has no wealth and is given the choice between the following options:A) receive $6 for sure. B) Flip a (fair) coin.
If "Heads" is realized, he wins $25. If "Tails" is realized, he wins nothing.To find the option Adam prefers, we have to calculate the expected utility of each option. The expected utility of each option is the sum of the utility of each possible outcome weighted by its probability.Option A: Adam receives $6 for sure.
His wealth becomes $6. Thus, the expected utility of this option is U($6) = 10 + 2($6) = $22.Option B: Adam flips a (fair) coin. If "Heads" is realized, he wins $25. If "Tails" is realized, he wins nothing.
The expected wealth of this option is
[tex](0.5 × $25) + (0.5 × $0) = $12.5.[/tex]
Thus, the expected utility of this option is U($12.5) = 10 + 2($12.5) = $35. Therefore, Adam prefers Option B, since it provides a higher expected utility than Option A.
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FurniturePlus Ltd is a large homeware retailer with five stores throughout Auckland. It has recently learnt that IKEA is planning to open its first store in New Zealand and this has the executive management team worried. The executives have just returned from a trip to Europe where they visited some IKEA stores to get a better sense of what they are dealing with. They noticed that many IKEA stores have a hotdog stand which sells cheap hotdogs and seems to attract a lot of customers to the store. The executives want to try something similar in New Zealand. However, knowing that hotdogs are less popular in New Zealand, they opt to install pie stalls at their five Auckland stores instead. They want to carry out a net present value (NPV) analysis to decide whether to go ahead with the project. The following details are available on the proposed project which has a time horizon of three years: - The cost of the executives' trip to Europe was $45,000. - The total capital expenditure related to the pie stands is $825,000 and is payable immediately. - The stand and equipment can be depreciated on a straight line basis, resulting in a depreciation expense of $275,000 per year over years 1 to 3. - FurniturePlus expects pie sales to generate revenue of $420,000 in year 1,$450,000 in year 2 and $500,000 in year 3. - FurniturePlus estimates that cash costs and expenses directly related to this project will be 60% of the total revenue generated by pie sales. - In addition to the pie sales mentioned above, FurniturePlus expects that having the pie stands will allow it to retain $250,000 of normal store sales per year that it would otherwise have lost to IKEA. Assume COGS and operating costs are unaffected. - Due to required food ingredients, FurniturePlus expects its inventory to increase by $175,000 in yea 0 . This will be recovered at the end of year 3 and no further effect on operating working capital is expected. - The corporate tax rate is 28%.
NPV (net present value) analysis is a method used to assess the profitability of an investment opportunity, determining whether it is worth pursuing.
It is used to calculate the present value of future cash flows, thereby indicating the net amount of money an investment is expected to generate for its stakeholders.The net present value is calculated using the following formula: NPV = CF₁/ (1+i)¹ + CF₂/ (1+i)² + CF₃/ (1+i)³ ... - CO; where CF is the expected cash flow in each year, i is the discount rate, and CO is the initial capital outlay (investment cost).The corporate tax rate is 28%, the details of the proposed project are as follows: Initial investment (CO) = $45,000 + $825,000 = $870,000; Depreciation expense = $275,000 per year over 3 yearsCash costs and expenses = 60% of total revenue generated by pie sales. Revenue from pie sales = $420,000 in year 1, $450,000 in year 2, and $500,000 in year 3.
Retained revenue from normal store sales = $250,000 per year Increase in inventory = $175,000 in year 0 NPV analysisYear 0 Cash outflows = $870,000 + $175,000 = $1,045,000Year 1: Cash inflows = $420,000 × (1-0.60) + $250,000 = $310,000; Discount factor [tex](1+i)¹ = 1/(1+0.28)[/tex] = 0.781; Net cash inflow = $310,000 × 0.781 = $242,110.00Year 2: Cash inflows = $450,000 × (1-0.60) + $250,000 = $340,000; Discount factor [tex](1+i)² = 1/(1+0.28)²[/tex]= 0.610Net cash inflow = $340,000 × 0.610 = $207,400.00.
Year 3: Cash inflows = $500,000 × (1-0.60) + $250,000 + $175,000 = $465,000 Discount factor [tex](1+i)³ = 1/(1+0.28)³[/tex] = 0.478Net cash inflow = $465,000 × 0.478 = $222,270.00 NPV = $242,110.00 + $207,400.00 + $222,270.00 - $1,045,000.00= $626,780.00The NPV is $626,780.00, which is a positive value. Therefore, Furniture Plus Ltd should proceed with the pie stalls project.
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Critically evaluate the relationship between lean and agile strategies in managing logistical costs. Support your answer with suitable examples
Lean and agile are two manufacturing methodologies that are well-known for improving production efficiency and reducing costs. They are both proactive approaches that share a similar aim of providing consumers with high-quality products at the lowest possible price.
There is a strong link between lean and agile practices, which can help supply chain managers improve logistical costs. While lean seeks to eradicate waste, agile methods emphasize adaptability and fast response. Companies that have successfully implemented these methodologies have benefited from a more efficient and effective logistics system that supports their overall business strategy.
According to market research, organizations with an effective lean and agile supply chain save between 10 and 30 percent on overall logistical expenses. Implementing these strategies has a number of advantages, including increased customer satisfaction, shorter lead times, better communication with suppliers and partners, and increased capacity utilization.For example, Lenovo was able to save $20 million in logistics costs by implementing an agile supply chain that uses real-time data to predict consumer demand.
Similarly, Amazon's lean supply chain approach includes the use of robotics and automation to reduce inventory levels and shorten delivery times.To summarize, lean and agile strategies have a strong connection that can help organizations reduce logistical costs.
Their integration can result in a more efficient and effective logistics system, enabling companies to save on overall expenses, improve customer satisfaction, and achieve their overall business goals.
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Forces that drive industry change come from
Question 8 options: the macroenvironment.
the industry environment.
Both the macroenvironment and the industry environment.
None of the above.
Forces that drive industry change come from both the macroenvironment and the industry environment. Industry change refers to significant modifications made to the industrial structure of an economy.
Technological innovations, competition, and alterations to regulations can all contribute to industry change. Industries go through phases of expansion and contraction, as well as innovation and obsolescence. The two environments in which an industry exists are the macroenvironment and the industry environment.
The macroenvironment refers to the general environment outside of the industry that has an indirect impact on the industry's performance. The industry environment is the environment in which a business operates that contains specific groups, stakeholders, and factors that can influence a company's performance.
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