Question: Do you think there’s sufficient evidence in the article to conclude that bright red leaves in the fall help protect the trees in the winter? Explain your answer.

Article:
Every autumn, traffic creeps along New England’s roads as visitors look everywhere but at the road. These tourists flock to the region as soon as leaves begin to change color from a summery green to spectacular shades of red, orange, yellow, and purple.

“Being in the Northeast during autumn is just about as good as it gets in this country,” says David Lee. He’s a botanist at Florida International University in Miami.

Lee studies leaf color, so he’s biased. But plenty of other people share his admiration. Areas of the United States with especially colorful fall displays attract thousands of leaf peepers.

Even as they “ooh” and “aah,” few people know what makes many plants blush in the autumn. Research has shown that leaves change color when their food-making processes shut off. The chemical chlorophyll, which gives leaves their green color, breaks down. This allows other leaf pigments—yellow and orange—to become visible

But “there’s still a lot we don’t know about this,” Lee says.

It isn’t clear, for example, why different species of plants turn different colors. Or why some trees become redder than others, even when they’re standing right next to each other. And no one knows exactly how global warming will alter forests and affect leaf-peeping season.

Food factory
In summer, when a plant is green, its leaves contain the pigment chlorophyll, which absorbs all colors of sunlight except green. We see the reflected green light.

The plant uses the energy it absorbs from the sun to turn carbon dioxide and water into sugars (food) and oxygen (waste). The process is called photosynthesis.

As days get shorter and colder in the autumn, chlorophyll molecules break down. Leaves quickly lose their green color. Some leaves begin to look yellow or orange because they still contain pigments called carotenoids. One such pigment, carotene, gives carrots their bright-orange color.

But red is special. This brilliant color appears only because the leaves of some plants, including maples, actually produce new pigments, called anthocyanins.

That’s a strange thing for a plant to do without a reason, says Bill Hoch of the University of Wisconsin in Madison. Why? Because it takes a lot of energy to make anthocyanins.

Why red?
To figure out the purpose of the red pigment, Hoch and his coworkers bred mutant plants that can’t make anthocyanins and compared them with plants that do make anthocyanins. They found that plants that can make red pigments continue to absorb nutrients from their leaves long after the mutant plants have stopped.

This study and others suggest that anthocyanins work like a sunscreen. When chlorophyll breaks down, a plant’s leaves become vulnerable to the sun’s harsh rays. By turning red, plants protect themselves from sun damage. They can continue to take nutrients out of their dying leaves. These reserves help the plants stay healthy through the winter.

The more anthocyanins a plant produces, the redder its leaves become. This explains why colors vary from year to year, and even from tree to tree. Stressful conditions, such as drought and disease, often make a season redder.

Now, Hoch is breeding plants for a new set of experiments. He wants to find out whether turning red helps plants survive cold weather.

“There’s a clear correlation between environments that get colder in the fall and the amount of red produced,” he says. “Red maples turn bright red in Wisconsin. In Florida, they don’t turn nearly as bright.”

More protection
Elsewhere, scientists are looking at anthocyanins in other ways. A recent study in Greece, for instance, found that as leaves grow redder, insects eat them less. On the basis of this observation, some scientists argue that red pigments defend a plant against bugs.

Leaves may turn red in the autumn to protect themselves from the sun’s ultraviolet rays.



J. Miller
Hoch rejects that theory, but Lee thinks that it might make sense. He points out that red leaves contain less nitrogen than green ones do. “It may actually be that insects avoid red leaves because they’re less nutritious,” Lee says.

However, “it’s pretty confusing at this point,” Lee admits. “People debate back and forth.”

To settle the debate, scientists will need to look at more species under more conditions, Lee says. So, he’s now researching leafy plants rather than trees. He’s especially interested in tropical plants, whose leaves turn red when they’re young rather than old.

You can do your own leafy experiments. Observe the trees in your neighborhood and keep track of weather conditions. When autumn begins, write down when the leaves change, which species change first, and how rich the colors are. You can even see anthocyanins under a simple microscope. After several years, you might start to notice some patterns.

Answer:Yes, there is plenty of evidence, maybe to much. Many people throughout the article state many different reasons why red leaves protect the trees. (Maybe you should consider removing some information because it is a little long.)

Explanation: You should remove some of the information because this article

(assuming that you wrote this), is a bit wordy.

Answer:

During the fall the day gets shorter hence less sunlight this results to leaves stopping their food making process. The chlorophyll breaks down, the green color disappears and the yellow to orange color becomes visible

Explanation:

This contains chromosomes, genes, and DNA. *

A. Nucleus
B. Cell
C. Membrane
D. Vacuoles

What arguments would you use to convince people they should conserve water? What are two suggestions you would make about ways to conserve water?

compare how plant and animal cells to direct cell activity and make needed materials.

can someone give me an example on how to write dichotomous keys please

What led scientists to discover cells and cell theory?

The invention and improvement of microscopes.
Eyeglasses led to the discovery of cells.
The invention of the internet.
The invention of satellites.

As a result of a mutation, the DNA sequence AGT - TGA - CAT changes to AAT - TGA - CAT.

Which best describes the mutation?

It is a substitution in which the DNA base, G, was replaced with a different DNA base, A.
It is a deletion in which the DNA base, G, was replaced with a different DNA base, A.
It is a substitution in which three DNA bases, AGT, were replaced with three different DNA bases, AAT.
It is a deletion in which three DNA bases, AGT, were replaced with three different DNA bases, AAT.

i need help with this please help me!!!!!

Why do cats meow? (Brainliest if right, if both answers are right the first one will get it)

A. to get the attention of hooman
B. to get the attention of other cats
C. to scare off doggos
D. "This is MY territory! Back off!"
E. They do it for no reason

What kind of organism might use cell division as a form of reproduction.

What is the selective pressure

Transverse and longitudinal waves can combine. Describe what kind of wave is formed and how matter moves as the wave passes through.
plz help lol

How does an adult sponge asexually reproduce?

1. What factors shaped the cliffs of Victoria, Australia over time?
2. How do you know a rock has been or is being weathered?
3. How are weathering and erosion different?

Help me please
With 6th grade science

pleasee choose the correct answer

pleasee fill in the blanks

Thread-like structures that are found in the nucleus of a cell that contains all DNA. *

A. DNA
B. Genes
C. Chromosomes
D. Nucleus

When is the speed equal to 0.0 km/hr?
A.between hour 1 and 2
B. between hour 2 and 3
C. between hour 3 and 4
D. between hour 4 and 5

What are some factors that affect an element’s reactivity?

Which of the earth systems does NOT transfer energy through convention cells

What is litmus paper? How is it used to determine if a compound is an acid or base?

What type of acid is used in automobile batteries? How does this acid cause a battery to work?

How can I do this? Thanks! I am really confused :/

why do large food molecules like complex carbohydrates seem to disappear in the digestive system?

ASAP I NEED THIS NOW!!!!!!!


Planet A Planet B Planet C Distance from Sun 0.718 AU 1 AU 5.20 AU Mass 4.8676 × 1024 kg 5.9726 × 1024 kg 1,898.3 × 1024 kg Planet Composition rocky mantle, iron core rocky mantle, iron core hydrogen, helium Gases in Atmosphere 96% carbon dioxide, 3% nitrogen, 1% other 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% other mostly hydrogen and helium Atmospheric Pressure on Planet’s Surface 92 bars 1 bar > 1,000 bars Average Temperature 464°C 15°C -108°C Part A Which of these planets is Earth? Explain your answer.

Consider a large group of seedlings growing beneath an oak tree. Why would they compete for space?

These contain the specific instructions that make each type of living creature unique. *

A. DNA
B. Genes
C. Chromosomes
D. Nucleus

help What characteristic do all organic compounds have in common?

which level will tell you the most similarities in an organism?

What is the Author’s message in the Passage?
D. People should save water.
E. Water will soon be limited.
F. We need to use more water.