What are 8 mineral rocks that make up the earths crust
Answer: 1. Feldspars, 2. Quartz, 3. Amphiboles, 4. Micas, 5. Garnet, 6. Calcite, 7. Pyroxenes, 8. Plagioclase
Explanation: Minerals must be naturally occurring. This implies that artificial materials like steel aren't comprised of minerals. Since minerals are inorganic substances, they are not living things and are not created by living things through processes like eating or growing. Due to the broad distribution of basaltic rocks and their metamorphic analogues, plagioclase is a fairly common mineral. The most significant mineral in the crust is plagioclase. More than half of the Earth's crust is made up of feldspars, and a sizable portion of the literature on mineralogy is devoted to them. After feldspar, quartz is the mineral that is most prevalent in the crust of the Earth. It can be found in almost all sedimentary, metamorphic, and acidic rocks. In silica-rich felsic rocks like granites, granodiorites, and rhyolites, it is a crucial mineral.
Help I don’t know how to answer the question
Answer:
The green bonds hold everything together
the following figure shows the general steps that occur when a researcher uses the crispr-cas9 system to modify a protein-encoding gene in a eukaryotic cell with the goal of modifying the protein product. drag the descriptions of the steps to their appropriate locations on the figure.
The Cas9 endonuclease, that breaks both strands of the DNA within the target sequence, and Cas9 is also bound to the CRISPR RNA molecule.
Cell components like nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles are found in the cells of eukaryotes, which are creatures. All mammals, plants, fungi, protists, and the majority of algae are categorized under eukaryotic organisms, as are many other types of life. Single cells or many cells can make up eukaryotes organisms.
Except mitochondria and the Golgi apparatus, eukaryotic cells generally have other membrane-bound organelles. Both algae and plants consists chloroplasts. Organelles that are primitive may be present in the prokaryotic cells.
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Acacia plants provide food and shelter for ants, while the ants defend acacias
from herbivores. This situation is an example of which kind of relationship?
A. Predation
B. Commensalism
C. Parasitism
D. Mutualism
Answer: D
Explanation:
a very large, fast-adapting tactile receptor that is composed of a single dendrite enclosed by concentric layers of collagen is a
Very large, rapidly adapting tactile receptors consisting of a single dendrite surrounded by concentric layers of collagen are lamellar bodies.
Lamellar corpuscles (also known as Pacinian corpuscles) in the skin and fascia sense rapid vibrations (approximately 200-300 Hz). Mechanoreceptors in the skin respond to mechanical stimuli resulting from physical interactions such as pressure and vibration. The pacinic body, also known as the father pacini or lamellar body, is a sensory receptor for vibration and deep pressure and is essential for proprioception. It is the deeper of the two layers that make up the dermis, the middle layer of the skin. Laminated blood cells (also called Pacinian corpuscles) function specifically to detect pressure and vibration sensations.
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What is the relationship between solar radiation and temperature what is the cause and effect
Warmer temperatures are produced when solar energy is concentrated over a smaller surface area.
A general term for the electromagnetic radiation that the sun emits is solar radiation. Sunlight alone or solar resource are other names for it.
Solar radiation can be captured by a wide range of equipment and converted into usable energy types including heat and electricity. However, the technical viability and cost-effectiveness of these systems in a particular area depend on the solar resource available.
The Earth travels in an elliptical orbit around the sun, getting closer to it at different times of the year. The Earth's surface receives a little bit more solar radiation when the sun is closer to the planet.
When it is winter in the northern hemisphere and summer in the southern hemisphere, the Earth is closer to the sun. The warmer summers and colder winters one would anticipate in the southern hemisphere are, however, moderated by the existence of large oceans.
When solar energy is concentrated over a smaller surface area, warmer temperatures are produced.
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Dakota lives in New Orleans. He knows that scientists have predicted some changes on Earth due to global warming, and he is concerned this will affect his city.
What effects are scientists concerned about in relation to global warming? Choose two
A. increase in melting of sea ice B. decreasing sea levels C. decreases in temperatures
Increasing sea levels. Global warming is included in the expression" climate change" but it also refers to a wider diapason of planetary marvels. These include changes in flower/ factory blooming seasons, abating mountain glaciers, accelerated ice melt in Greenland, Antarctica, and the Arctic, and rising ocean situations.
What about global warming?Environmental changes brought on by global warming may have a negative influence on mortal health.Also, it can affect an increase in ocean position, which poses a trouble to biodiversity, a change in rush patterns, an increase in the liability of famines and cataracts, and the loss of littoral land.Storms, heat swells, cataracts, and famines are just a many of the disasters that are getting worse as a result of rising temperatures.Warmer temperatures produce an atmosphere that can hold onto, release, and gather further water.This alters rainfall patterns similar to wet areas get wetter and dry bones get drier.Temperature increases, water restrictions, increased fire peril, failure, factory and nonentity irruptions, severe storm damage, and swab irruption are just a many of the ways that global warming impacts ecosystems.Mortal health is formerly being impacted by climate change.Life is at stake when rainfall and climatic trends change.One of the most murderous meteorological marvels is heat.Hurricanes are getting more violent and wet as ocean temperatures increase, which can affect both direct and circular losses.Learn more about global warming here:
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If you were constructing a phylogenetic tree for the evolution of birds, which characters found in archaeopteryx might provide evidence that birds and dinosaurs had a common ancestor?.
The characters found in archaeopteryx that might provide evidence that birds and dinosaurs had a common ancestor are: teeth, flat sternum and claws.
Archaeopteryx is the dinosaur that was also known by its German name Urvogel. It was a bird-like dinosaur. It is also considered as the oldest known fossil bird. Therefore, it is designates as the missing link between dinosaurs and birds.
Sternum is the T-shaped bone present at the anterior part of the chest. The sternum connects with the rib bones in order to form the rib cage and protect the internal organs of the body. It is also connected to the collar bone.
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Why are 6 co2 molecules required during the calvin cycle to make one molecule of glucose?.
Answer:
Because the carbohydrate molecule has six carbon atoms, it takes six turns of the Calvin cycle to make one carbohydrate molecule (one for each carbon dioxide molecule fixed).
Explanation:
You are studying a plant. Most of the cells in the plant (99 percent) have been found to contain 10 chromosomes. However, you have found in certain parts of the plant the cell containing 5 chromosomes. How could you explain your findings?
Answer choices:
A) Plant reproductive cells are produced by meiosis and cells containing 5 chromosomes are body cells produced by mitosis
B) Plant reproductive cells are produced by mitosis and cells containing 5 chromosomes are body cells produced by meiosis
C) Plant body cells are produced by mitosis and cells containing 5 chromosomes are reproductive cells produced by meiosis
D) Plant body cells are produced by meiosis and cells containing 5 chromosomes are reproductive cells produced by mitosis
The correct explanation can be "Plant body cells are produced by mitosis and cells containing 5 chromosomes are reproductive cells produced by meiosis".
What is meant by meiosis?
It is a special type of cell division occurs in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in the gametes to half of the parent cell and producing four haploid cells.
Generally, Plants undergo mitotic cell division to produce diploid parts like stem, leaf etc. But they use meiotic cell division to produce haploid parts that ultimately results in the production of egg and sperm cells which are haploid.
Both pollen mother cells and megaspore mother cells undergo meiotic division to produce sperm cells and egg for the continuation of generation. During meiotic division chromosomes are reduced to half of the parent cell.
Hence, certain parts of the plant undergo meiotic division to produce gametes and this result in the reduction of chromosomes to 5 whereas most of the parts of the plant which undergo mitotic division have 10 chromosomes.
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What effect does soil disturbance have on the soil itself?
Releases nutrients by breakdown of organisms, making resources available to the and altering both of the absolute and relatives rates of Ecosystems processes.
What is ecosystem?An ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals, and other and it is the organisms, as the well as weathering and landscapes, work together form a bubble of in life.
Physical disturbances of them day up the to ecosystems releases nutrients by breakdown of organisms, making it off is resources available and altering both the absolute and relatives and friends rates of Ecosystems me processes (e.g. primary productivity, secondary consumption, decomposition, nitrogen fixation), and qualitatively altering the main pathways involved .
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how would you design a follow-up experiment to determine whether other proteins in addition to p53 play a regulatory role in cell division after dna damage?
Any number of answers is appropriate here. They should extend their current research by inserting into other genes.
Students can suggest similar studies in which another gene, typically associated with cancer might be distributed and be in a normal cell.
It may be defective and normal in the cell. are treated differently. Similar experiments should be designed to determine whether other proteins play a regulatory role in cell division after DNA damage. The same procedure is used, but the variables are changed. Instead of using cells with different p53 alleles, use cells with different APC gene alleles. At one level, we test cells that have the APC gene with two genetically mutated alleles. Then, at the other level, we have mutant alleles and normal alleles. Then two normal APC alleles.
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____ are genes that will show themselves.
____ are genes that are less likely to show themselves.
____ is one of all of the possible options for a given gene.
For endogeneity 2022
The gene that shows themselves are called dominant gene and the gene that less likely show themselves are called recessive gene. One of all the possible options for a given gene is allele.
What are genes and alleles?Gene is defined as a section of DNA that encodes for a certain trait. An allele is defined as a variant form of a gene. It determines an organism's genotype. It determines an organism's phenotype.
There are two type of gene: Dominant gene and recessive gene
Dominant gene is expresses itself more strongly all by itself than any other version of the gene which the person is carrying.
A recessive gene is a gene whose effects are masked in the presence of a dominant gene. It doesn't show it self . Every organism that has DNA packed into chromosomes has two alleles, or forms of a gene, for each gene: one is inherited from their mother, and one is inherited from their father.
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In pea plants, yellow seed color (y) is dominant and green seed color (y) is recessive. based on the punnett squares, what are the chances that the offspring in the second generation will have green seeds?
first generation Y Y
y Yy Yy
y Yy Yy
second generation Y y
Y YY Yy
y Yy yy
there is a____% chance that the offspring will have green seeds.
25% of the time, the progeny will have green seeds.
What are the possibilities that green seeds will be produced in the second generation of offspring?You only need to count and divide by the total number of results to calculate probability.
It is inquiring about the likelihood of receiving green seeds, and that is the recessive allele. There cannot be a dominant characteristic next to a recessive trait, as the dominant trait will always be displayed. Therefore, if you wish the recessive trait to be expressed, the predicted result should be yy (two lowercase letters).
One out of four yy genotypes can be found in the Punnett square of the second generation. The probability in percent is then obtained by dividing 1 by 4 and multiplying the result by 100%.
Therefore, the short answer is 25%.
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Food chains show how matter is transferred between biotic factors in an ecosystem. But matter is also transferred between biotic and abiotic factors.
Determine which of the following are examples of the transfer of matter between biotic and abiotic factors.
Microbes in the soil are an example of the transfer of matter between biotic and abiotic factors. As microbes (Biotic factor) changes the acidity (abiotic factor) of the soil.
What is meant by food chain?
It is a linear network of links where one organism eats another organism and the matter and energy is transferred in the form of food from organism to organism.
Each food chain describes the pathway of transfer of energy and nutrients through the ecosystem. Organisms in food chains are grouped into categories called trophic levels. These are divided into four trophic levels
Producers (first trophic level)Consumers (second, third, and fourth trophic levels)Decomposers (fourth tropic level)Biogeochemical cycle is a process in which nutrients are transferred between biotic and abiotic factors.
The example of transfer of matter include presence of certain organisms (Biotic factor) in soil changes the acidity (abiotic factor) of the soil.
Plants use water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide (biotic factors) in the preparation of food.
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Which division of the autonomic nervous system returns the body to a relaxed condition after an emergency?.
When the body is at ease, resting, or eating, the parasympathetic nervous system controls the body's response to digestion and relaxation.
It essentially undoes the effects of sympathetic division following a trying circumstance. The parasympathetic nervous system enhances digestion while decreasing breathing and heart rate. The sympathetic nervous system and the enteric nervous system are the other two components of the autonomic nervous system, together with the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS). [1][2] Sometimes the enteric nervous system is regarded as a component of the autonomic nervous system, while other times it is regarded as a separate system. The body's automatic functions are controlled by the autonomic nerve system. The stimulation of "rest-and-digest" or "feed-and-breed" is carried out in digestion via the parasympathetic nervous system.
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which term describes the minimum level to which a membrane must be depolarised in order for an action potential to be fired?
Threshold potential describes the minimum level to which a membrane must be depolarised in order for an action potential to be fired.
The minimal magnitude required to start an action potential is known as the threshold potential. The voltage-gated sodium (Na+) ion channel opens in response to membrane an action potential, resulting in a rapid depolarization. The crucial level at which a membrane potential must depolarize membrane in order to start an action potential is known as the threshold potential. In neuroscience, threshold potentials are essential for controlling and propagating membrane signals in the peripheral and central nervous systems.
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Figure 2 shows the materials used in a test for PSA.
In the PSA test, the blood sample is added to the well. After 60 minutes, the well is washed out.
Then, antibodies against PSA with enzyme A attached are added to the well.
After 30 minutes, the well is washed out again. Finally, substrate A is added. I800000 ninom
In a negative test, the end solution is colourless. In a positive test, the end solution is blue.
2.2* Explain how the PSA test can be used to test for prostate cancer. (6)
Answer: Because once they interact the protons work in a chemical rea thing changing the color if positive
Explanation:
2 and 3 are for the complementary mRNA strand and the Part Two: Translation I need help on the What happens for the blanks.
The translation is a process through which one codon or three bases synthesize at a time.
What is Translation?The translation may be defined as a type of biological process through which a cell constructs proteins by utilizing the genetic information that has been carried in messenger RNA (mRNA). The process of translation takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell.
According to the context of this question, these codons call for specific amino acids that can link together in order to form a polypeptide chain which gives rise to the structure of a particular protein.
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the following figure shows the general steps that occur when a researcher uses the crispr-cas9 system to modify a protein-encoding gene in a eukaryotic cell with the goal of modifying the protein product. drag the descriptions of the steps to their appropriate locations on the figure.
1. Create plasmid expression vectors with genes encoding Cas9 and sgRNA.
2. Introduce the vectors into a eukaryotic cell.
3. The gene expression machinery of the cell produces the Cas9 protein and the sgRNA.
4. The Cas9 protein, guided by sgRNA, binds to its target sequence in the cell's DNA.
5. The Cas9 protein cleaves the target sequence.
6. During the process of DNA break repair, the target sequence may be modified.
7. The modified DNA sequence is transcribed into RNA.
8. The RNA is translated into a modified protein.
Scientists use CRISPR-Cas9 in the cell to alter encoded proteins. Whether to change it into another protein or stop protein production, it uses Cas9 and sgRNA expression plasmid injected into the nucleus in eukaryotic cells. Then, DNA sequences are broken, modified, and transcribed into RNA. After that, a modified protein is produced.
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when looking at nature reserve design, which is the best-case scenario for preserving biodiversity with a number of small reserves?
The best case scenario for maintaining biodiversity when there are many tiny reserves is when they are grouped and connected by corridors.
What is an illustration of biodiversity?The majority of people see biodiversity as a collection of distinct living things that are capable of breeding with one another. Examples of species include white-tailed deer, white pine trees, sunflowers, blue whales, miniscule microbes that cannot even be seen with the human eye, and white-tailed deer.
How is biodiversity produced?Temperature, altitude, precipitation, soils, and their interactions with other species are only a few of the many elements that affect biodiversity. In comparison to terrestrial diversity, ocean biodiversity is 25 times lower. As one proceeds from the polar regions to the tropics, biodiversity likewise changes form.
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Question
Which statement describes the relationship between a gene and an allele?
Responses
A gene can take different forms called alleles.
A gene can take different forms called , alleles, .
Many genes put together are called an allele.
Many genes put together are called an , allele, .
Alleles are similar genes from different species of organisms.
Alleles are similar genes from different species of organisms.
A gene is made of small parts called alleles.
, , A gene is made of small parts called alleles .,
Answer:
A gene can take different forms called alleles.
Explanation:
An allele is a variant form of a gene. Some genes have a variety of different forms, which are located at the same position, or genetic locus, on a chromosome. Humans are called diploid organisms because they have two alleles at each genetic locus, with one allele inherited from each parent.
A gene is a stretch of DNA or RNA that determines a certain trait. Genes mutate and can take two or more alternative forms; an allele is one of these forms of a gene. For example, the gene for eye color has several variations (alleles) such as an allele for blue eye color or an allele for brown eyes.
Convergent evolution produces similar features in different organisms as the result of.
Convergent evolution produces the most recent shared ancestor.
When unrelated (i.e., monophyletic) animals independently acquire similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar habitats or ecological niches, this process is referred to as convergence in evolutionary biology.
Convergence in evolution occurs when species occupy equivalent ecological niches and react similarly to comparable selective pressures. The features that emerge from convergent evolution are analogous structures.
Convergent evolution produces analogous structures that are similar in form or function but were not present in that group's most recent common ancestor. The cladistic term for the same phenomenon is homoplasy.
Contrary to popular assumption, the evolution of comparable or "analogous" structures in distinct lineages cannot be explained by the presence of a common ancestor. Otherwise put,
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Choose ONE of the prompt options and follow these directions:
Use at least 5 complete sentences.
Include specific details.
Do NOT copy and paste from the internet - use your own words.
Prompt 1
Explain how at least 2 different body systems work together to maintain homeostasis in your body if you are out in cold weather.
Body Systems: Circulatory, Respiratory, Nervous, Muscular, Skeletal, Digestive, Immune, Endocrine, Excretory
Prompt 2
Write a creative short story (at least 5 sentences) about how your body would respond to maintain homeostasis during an exciting situation.
According to prompt 1, the 2 body systems namely circulatory system and respiratory system works together to maintain homeostasis. All body systems must be in a condition of balance for the body to survive and work properly (homeostasis).
How is homeostasis in cold maintained by the respiratory and circulatory systems working together?To keep the body in a balanced state, the circulatory system and respiratory systems collaborate. Gases are transferred into and out of the blood by the respiratory system. All regions of the body receive blood thanks to the circulatory system. Metabolic heat production (shivering) is promoted below the thermoneutral zone, while heat loss via evaporation begins above the zone (sweating). Vasoconstriction brought on by cold raises blood viscosity and blood pressure while decreasing plasma volume, increasing cardiac effort. In order to preserve homeostasis, the human body releases extra heat through exhale. Body heat warms the air before it enters the lungs and is expelled. This cools the body along with the evaporation of sweat from the sweat glands.
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two autosomal genes, g and h, are 80 map units apart. you perform the following test cross: g h / g h x / g h. at what frequency would you find g h / g h progeny?
the following cross-test: g h/g hx/g h. The probability of finding g h / g h progeny is 25%.
What does a map unit indicating two genes mean?Calculating the distance between the two genes is often required, and it is expressed in unique units called map units (also known as recombination units). The percent recombination (recombination frequency) between the two genes on the chromosome can be used to calculate map units.
Gene distances of up to 50 map units are possible.The "map unit" (1 cM) is the distance on the genetic map that equates to a 1% recombination frequency. Although the maximal recombination frequency is 50%, big chromosomes may have cumulative map distances substantially greater than 50cM.
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Arrange the phases in the life cycle of the Sun in order from the birth of the Sun to the time in the far distant future when the Sun has cooled.
becomes a black dwarf
becomes a white dwarf
begins nuclear fusion at its core
casts off matter as planetary nebula
exists as it is today
enters red giant phase
The Sun will continue to be a main sequence star for another 4-5 billion years.
What is the chronological order of the Sun's phases? The Sun has initiated its life like any other kind of star, that is, from the gas and dust in a twirling cloud. The particles come close to each other and get condensed, unless and until there is sufficient pressure for the beginning of the nuclear fusion. The Sun is in the middle of its lifespan and is presently in the prime sequence phase. At this phase, in its life the Sun combines hydrogen and helium. It is estimated that about 50 percent of the core hydrogen has been used so far.The following signifies the life cycle of the Sun:
a. Discard the substance as a planetary nebula.
b. The process of nuclear fusion starts at its core.
c. It appears in the form of a yellow star, as observed in the present time.
d. After that, it moves into a red giant star stage.
e. Converts into a white dwarf.
f. Turns into a black dwarf.
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If we wanted to test a mystery solution to see if it contains sugar, what two other solutions should we test? What are they called and what do they contain? Why do we test them too?
To test to for the presence of sugar, the solution to be used is called the Benedicts Solution. The other solution to use is the Iodine solution.
Why do we use Benedicts' solution and Iodine solution when testing for Sugar?Both Benedict's solution and iodine solution are commonly used to test for the presence of sugars and starch, respectively. By testing the mystery solution with both of these solutions, you can determine whether it contains sugar or starch, or both.
It is important to test the mystery solution with both Benedict's solution and iodine solution because different types of sugars and carbohydrates can have different chemical properties, and therefore may not be detected by a single testing solution. Lugol's iodine, commonly known as aqueous iodine or strong iodine solution, is a water-based solution containing potassium iodide and iodine.
Testing with multiple solutions helps to ensure a more accurate and complete analysis.
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What claim can you make about which population of birds would have greater variation in how long they would forage for in an environment with many people walking around
Foraging UCSD (Effectively handling the dilemma of when and where to forage is crucial for survival in many animal species) (Effectively solving the problem of when and where to forage is critical for survival in many animal species).
Why are the two junco populations different?Since both populations descended from the same progenitor, natural selection led to them becoming bolder. The other juncos got the behavior, such as boldness having lower levels of CORT, from the ancestor who was at UCSD and stayed there. This ancestor had differences in their heritable features.
What indications can point to the fact that the birds are from different species to the researcher?All Hawaiian Honeycreeper species are descended from a single species of North American bird. Now that they have evolved, they reside on various islands, consume various meals, and sing various songs.
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What are the benefits to biology living in soil
what explanation of inheritance suggests that hereditary traits are determined by discrete units that are transmitted from one generation to the next?
Particulate inheritance suggests that hereditary traits are determined by discrete units that are transmitted from one generation to the next.
In particulate inheritance the offspring is a combination of both the parents. Mendel has proposed the theory of particulate inheritance by experimenting on pea plants and studied how variation can be inherited and maintained over time.
Particulate inheritance is important because Mendel proposed that some of the traits could be masked by other traits, that would affects the traits to pass unseen from generation to generation, and later reappear. This was an important advancement over blending inheritance because it explained how heritable variation can persist over many generations.
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