The approximate price of the bond at the end of the first year will be $930.21.
How to find?If the current market price is $875, what will be the approximate price of this bond at the end of the first year?We know the formula to calculate the price of a bond:
P=C[1-(1+r)-n/r]+FV(1+r)-n
Here, P = price of the bond
C = coupon payment
FV = face value (par value of the bond)
r = interest rate per period
n = total number of periods.
The first step is to calculate the coupon payment.
Coupon payment = (Coupon rate * Par value)/ Number of payments per year.
Given the annual coupon payment, Coupon payment = (9%*1000)/1
= $90.
The second step is to calculate the interest rate per period. Interest rate per period = Annual interest rate/ Number of periods in a year Interest rate per period = 9%/1
= 9%.
The third step is to calculate the total number of periods. Number of periods = Number of years * Number of payments per year Number of periods = 8*1
= 8.
Now, we can calculate the approximate price of the bond after the end of the first year. Let's plug in the values:
P=C[1-(1+r)-n/r]+FV(1+r)-n
P = $90[1-(1+9%)^-1/8]/9% + $1,000(1+9%)^-1P
= $930.21.
So, the approximate price of the bond at the end of the first year will be $930.21.
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A collar is established by buying a share of stock for $56, buying a 6 -month put option with exercise price $53, and writing a 6-month call option with exercise price $59. On the basis of the volatility of the stock, you calculate that for a strike price of $53 and expiration of 6 months, N(d 1
)=0.6931, whereas for the exercise price of $59,N(d 1
)=0.6544. a. What will be the gain or loss on the collar if the stock price increases by $1 ? (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) b. What happens to the delta of the portfolio if the stock price becomes very large? c. What happens to the delta of the portfolio if the stock price becomes very small?
A collar strategy is a risk management strategy that involves buying a put option to protect against a decline in the stock's value and writing a call option to generate income. In this case, the collar is established by buying a share of stock for $56, buying a 6-month put option with an exercise price of $53, and writing a 6-month call option with an exercise price of $59.
a. To calculate the gain or loss on the collar if the stock price increases by $1, we need to consider the payoff from the stock, put option, and call option.The payoff from the stock is the increase in its value, which is $1.
The payoff from the put option is the difference between the exercise price and the stock price if it is below the exercise price. In this case, the exercise price is $53, and the stock price increased by $1, so the payoff from the put option is $0.
The payoff from the call option is the difference between the stock price and the exercise price if it is above the exercise price. In this case, the exercise price is $59, and the stock price increased by $1, so the payoff from the call option is also $0.
Therefore, the overall gain or loss on the collar if the stock price increases by $1 is the same as the increase in the stock's value, which is $1.
b. The delta of the portfolio measures the sensitivity of its value to changes in the stock price. If the stock price becomes very large, the delta of the portfolio will approach zero. This is because the value of the call option, which has a positive delta, will decrease as the stock price increases. Therefore, the delta of the portfolio will approach zero in this scenario.
c. If the stock price becomes very small, the delta of the portfolio will approach negative one. At the same time, the value of the stock and the call option, which have positive deltas, will have a smaller impact on the overall value of the portfolio as the stock price becomes very small. Therefore, the delta of the portfolio will approach negative one in this scenario.
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The term "soft law." is a term used by the international community to refer to non-binding yet highly persuasive
documents that may include:
Soft law refers to the term used by the international community to refer to non-binding yet highly persuasive documents that may include various things such as declarations, codes of conduct, guidelines, and memorandums of understanding (MoUs).
These documents may cover issues that are related to the environment, human rights, labor practices, and trade relations, among others. In general, soft law is used as a tool to facilitate cooperation between countries, promote best practices, and shape international norms without resorting to the formal process of adopting legally binding agreements or conventions.
Soft law documents usually reflect the consensus of the international community and are developed through a consultative process that involves multiple stakeholders, including governments, international organizations, civil society groups, and private sector actors. They are considered to be important sources of guidance for policymakers and practitioners, and they often serve as a reference point for interpreting and applying existing legal norms.
However, their non-binding nature means that compliance is voluntary, and there are no formal mechanisms to enforce them. Despite this limitation, soft law remains a valuable instrument for shaping international relations and addressing global challenges that require collective action.
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Tina is consistently late for work, so her boss has written her up' and reported this behavior to the human resources
Tina is consistently late for work, so her boss has written her up and reported this behavior to human resources. Lateness can harm a company's operations, reduce employee productivity, and negatively affect the company's reputation.
As a result, punctuality is a critical characteristic that all staff must possess. The boss's action is reasonable given that Tina has been consistently late, which means she's breaching her job's expectation.Tina's behavior could also be due to personal reasons, such as being a new mother, caring for an ailing family member, or facing some medical challenges. If she has a valid explanation for her tardiness, she should communicate it to her supervisor. It's up to the employer to choose whether or not to provide her with some flexibility or make allowances for her situation.
Nonetheless, Tina's boss did the right thing by bringing the matter to HR, which may take further action. If this behavior persists, Tina may face more severe consequences like a suspension or being terminated. Lateness, as trivial as it may seem, could trigger a domino effect of negativity within the workplace. Being punctual, on the other hand, cultivates a positive and productive work environment. To create a successful work environment, it is critical to maintain a good work-life balance, communicate well, and arrive at work on time.
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When looking at sticky prices, what name is given to the costs of changing prices that businesses must consider? Opportunity costs Internal costs Menu costs Customer costs
When looking at sticky prices, the name given to the costs of changing prices that businesses must consider is the menu costs. What are sticky prices? Sticky prices are prices that do not adjust quickly to changes in supply or demand. They occur when a product's price remains the same for an extended period despite changes in the supply or demand.
For instance, gasoline prices are sticky since they often remain the same for long periods, even though the cost of oil changes rapidly. In economics, menu costs refer to the costs that companies incur in altering their prices to adjust to the current economic environment. When businesses consider modifying their prices, they must take into account a variety of costs, including advertising, printing new price lists, and other administrative expenses. These costs are known as menu costs in economic terms. Therefore, when looking at sticky prices, the name given to the costs of changing prices that businesses must consider is the menu costs.
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Which of the following statements related to primary bond markets is true? Primary markets only exist in the U.S., and no other country. Primary markets are where bonds are traded between investors. Newly-issued corporate bonds are issued in primary markets. Bonds are exclusively traded on organized exchanges in primary markets. Primary markets are for retail inivestors only.
The following statement related to primary bond markets is true: Newly-issued corporate bonds are issued in primary markets. So, option c is correct.
Primary bond markets is the market where new securities are sold to the public for the first time; these markets also allow corporations, municipalities, and governments to raise capital. Primary markets are mainly used to issue and sell new debt and equity securities. The primary market is the place where securities are issued and sold for the first time; it is the process of raising capital.
The sale of the new security is handled by investment banks and underwriters. The primary market is where a company goes to sell new securities to raise funds, which can be stocks or bonds. In this process, investors buy the security directly from the issuer, and the issuer receives money from the sale. The new securities are issued in the primary market, while trading of existing securities takes place in the secondary market.
Primary markets are where securities, such as corporate bonds and stocks, are issued and sold to investors for the first time. Therefore, the correct option related to primary bond markets is that newly-issued corporate bonds are issued in primary markets. So, option c is correct.
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Complete question:
Which of the following statements related to primary bond markets is true?
Primary markets only exist in the U.S., and no other country.
Primary markets are where bonds are traded between investors.
Newly-issued corporate bonds are issued in primary markets.
Bonds are exclusively traded on organized exchanges in primary markets.
Primary markets are for retail inivestors only.
TI Calculator Graded Problem Set Ed just joined a new gym and signed up for a one-year membership. Membership fees can be paid in 12 monthly payments of $60, due at the beginning of each month or in one payment today. If the appropriate interest rate is 12%, how much should he pay today for the annual membership? $691.24 $576.03 $578.62 $682.06 $570.91
Ti calculator graded problem set ed just joined a new gym and signed up for a one-year membership.
Membership fees can be paid in 12 monthly payments of $60, due at the beginning of each month or in one payment today. The value that Ti calculator graded problem set ed should pay today for the annual membership is $570.91.
Let's assume that the payment made by Ti calculator graded problem set ed is P and the interest rate is r.The future value of the payment can be calculated as:$P(1 + r)^1 = $P(1 + 0.12)^1 = $P(1.12)And, the future value of the 12 payments can be calculated as:$60(1 + r)^12 = $60(1 + 0.12)^12 = $60(3.037) = $182.22
Therefore, the total future value of the 12 payments is $182.22 x 1 = $182.22Ti calculator graded problem set ed can choose between paying the membership fee today or making 12 payments.
Since the total future value of the 12 payments is less than the value of the membership fee paid today, it is better to pay today.The value that Ti calculator graded problem set ed should pay today for the annual membership is $570.91.
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Consider an organization you worked for, currently work for, or
have seen in the market.
Does it currently have any blue ocean offerings?
Can you think of any new blue ocean offerings?
No, the business doesn't offer any exclusive products or services.
The business runs like a typical brick-and-mortar store. Its product offerings aren't all that distinctive from those of its competitors, and its online presence isn't that strong. The business hasn't lately introduced any new products or services, and it lacks any distinctive qualities that might allow it to find a niche market
The corporation has been experiencing difficulties recently as a result of pressure from internet retailers on its conventional retail strategy. Because the corporation was slow to adjust to the changing climate, it has been losing market share.
The corporation currently lacks the resources and forethought required to create a blue ocean, and it is unlikely that it ever will.
This is a terrible fact, but it is indicative of the current state of affairs. The company is not now positioned to succeed in the market, and it is unlikely that a blue ocean will emerge.
This does not imply that the business is doomed to failure. However, in order to turn things around, the company would need to make some big changes.
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Describe an ethical dilemma that you have faced or have observed in the business world. What is your recommended response or solution to this ethical dilemma based on the material in our text as well as your own personal ethical framework?
Facing ethical dilemmas is an inevitable part of working in the business world. It is crucial to prioritize honesty and integrity in such situations and make decisions based on personal ethical values. In this case, my recommendation is to report the problem and prioritize the customers' safety. The key is to always remember the importance of ethical conduct in any business setting. The response or solution to ethical dilemmas is critical because it has a significant impact on the stakeholders' lives.
An ethical dilemma is defined as a moral situation where one must make a decision between two options, both of which may have negative outcomes. I have faced an ethical dilemma in the past in the business world, where I had to decide between my loyalty to my employer and the truth.
The ethical dilemma that I faced occurred when I was working in a software company. The company was launching a new product that had not been tested thoroughly. One day, I discovered a flaw in the product that could have serious consequences for the customers using it. I knew that if I reported the problem, it would delay the product's launch, and the company would suffer financial losses. However, if I kept the issue hidden, I would be putting the customers at risk, which was against my personal ethical values.My recommended response or solution to this ethical dilemma is to report the issue to the management immediately. I would explain the severity of the problem and suggest that the company take steps to resolve the issue. Based on the material in our text, it is essential to prioritize honesty and integrity in any business situation. In this case, it is crucial to report the problem and delay the product's launch to ensure the safety of the customers. This is in line with my personal ethical framework, which prioritizes the well-being of others over financial gains.To conclude, facing ethical dilemmas is an inevitable part of working in the business world. It is crucial to prioritize honesty and integrity in such situations and make decisions based on personal ethical values.
In this case, my recommendation is to report the problem and prioritize the customers' safety. The key is to always remember the importance of ethical conduct in any business setting. The response or solution to ethical dilemmas is critical because it has a significant impact on the stakeholders' lives.
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Air France-KLM business strategy
What are the key success factors for firms competing in the European airline industry? [To address the question you need to do industry analysis, Porter's five forces, and then explain the Key success factors of the European airline industry].
Analyze each of the five business units separately (Air France, Air France Hop [HOP!], Joon SAS, KLM, and Transavia SAS [Transavia]) by identifying their target markets, business unit strategies, and resources and capabilities, strengths, and (potential) weaknesses.
For each business unit, determine whether the business has a competitive advantage and recommend strategies for going forward. To address the questions, you need to use VRIS analysis and then provide possible strategies for each business unit.
The airline industry in Europe is very competitive, with many different companies competing for market share. These include pricing, customer service, safety, reliability, and innovation.
Its strengths include its extensive route network, strong brand recognition, and focus on innovation. Its weaknesses include high operating costs and a limited focus on short-haul flights. One possible strategy for KLM going forward would be to expand its short-haul offerings to capture more of the European market.
Transavia SAS (Transavia) targets leisure travelers looking for affordable flights within Europe and North Africa. Its business unit strategy is to offer low-cost flights with a focus on efficiency and convenience. Its weaknesses include limited brand recognition and a narrow target market. One possible strategy for Transavia would be to focus on expanding its offerings to include more destinations and improve its marketing efforts to increase brand recognition.
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On January 1 . Sharp Company purchased $40,000 of Sox Company 6% bonds, at a time when the market rate was 5\%. The bonds mature on December 31 in five years, and pay interest annually on December 31. Sharp does not intend to trade the bond or to hold them until maturity. Assume that Sharp uses the effective interest method to amortize any premium or discount on investments in bonds. At December 31 , the bonds are quoted at 98. Note: When answering the following questions, round answers to the nearest whole dollar. a. Prepare the entry for the purchase of the debt investment on January 1.
The entry for the purchase of the debt investment on January 1:
At the time of purchase on January 1,
the journal entry to record the purchase of the bonds is:
Debit Credit Debt investments 41,540Cash41,540[Calculations:
40,000 × 1.04 (present value of 1 at 5% for 5 periods) =41,540.]
This represents the purchase of $40,000 worth of bonds for 41,540 (40,000 × 1.04) based on the 5% interest rate.
The bond is considered to be at a premium, as the cost of purchase is greater than the bond's face value.
Sharp Company has to account for the premium, which will be amortized using the effective interest method over the life of the bond.
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The following information pertains to Brown Company: 11. Brown Company completed jobs that cost $26,000 to manufacture. Record the journal entry. 12. Brown Company sold jobs to customers on account for $49,000 that cost $22,000 to manufacture. Record the journal entries. 11. Brown Company completed jobs that cost $26,000 to manufacture. Record the journal entry. (Record debits first, then credits, Select the 12. Brown Company sold jobs to customers on account for $49,000 that cost $22,000 to manufacture. Record the journal entries. (Record det line of the joumal entry table.) Bogin with the journal entry to record the sales. Do not record the cost of the sale with this entry. We will do that in the following step. Now reoord the cost related to the sales.
A journal entry is the act of keeping or making records of any transactions either economic or non-economic. Transactions are listed in an accounting journal that shows a company's debit and credit balances.
11. Brown Company completed jobs that cost $26,000 to manufacture. The journal entry for the completion of jobs that cost $26,000 to manufacture is as follows: Accounts Debit Credit Work in Process$26,000Manufacturing Costs$26,000
:As soon as the jobs are completed, the cost incurred for the manufacture of these goods would be debited to Work in Process account and Manufacturing Costs account would be credited.
12. Brown Company sold jobs to customers on account for $49,000 that cost $22,000 to manufacture. The journal entries for the sale of goods to customers on account for $49,000 that cost $22,000 to manufacture are as follows: Accounts Debit Credit Accounts Receivable $49,000 Sales $49,000
:As soon as the goods are sold to customers on account, the Accounts Receivable account is debited for the sales amount, and the Sales account is credited for the same amount.
The cost of manufacture of these goods would be recorded separately.
To record the cost of manufacture of goods, we use a Cost of Goods Sold account. Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) account is a temporary account, and it is closed at the end of the period to Income Summary.
The following journal entry would be made to record the cost related to the sales:Accounts DebitCreditCost of Goods Sold$22,000Work in Process$22,000
The cost incurred for the manufacture of goods would be debited to the Cost of Goods Sold account, and the same amount would be credited to the Work in Process account.
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Sustainable management strategies are difficult to implement because:
a - they are not practical.
b- ordinary people tend to resist them.
c- fragmented authority structures reduce cooperation between institutions.
d- they do not fit into the free-market model of economic activity.
There are several reasons for this: a) One reason is that sustainable management strategies may not always be practical. While they may be environmentally friendly, they may not always be economically viable or feasible to implement.
b) Another reason is that ordinary people often tend to resist sustainable management strategies. This can be due to a lack of awareness or understanding of their benefits, or a resistance to change their current habits or behaviors. c) Additionally, fragmented authority structures can reduce cooperation between institutions, making it difficult to implement and enforce sustainable management strategies. When multiple institutions or agencies are involved, coordination and collaboration can be challenging. d) Finally, sustainable management strategies may not always fit into the free-market model of economic activity. Some strategies may require regulations or incentives that are not compatible with a purely market-driven approach. In summary, sustainable management strategies are difficult to implement because they may not always be practical, ordinary people may resist them, fragmented authority structures reduce cooperation between institutions, and they may not fit into the free-market model of economic activity.
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How diversity makes businesses more innovative, more profitable ... and why greater diversity isn't just a moral imperative.
Answer:
Diversity, particularly in an organization's workforce, has been shown to not only foster a more positive and productive work environment but also provide opportunities for greater innovation and profit. This is because diverse teams of people with different backgrounds, perspectives, and experiences can bring a range of ideas and insights to problems, leading to more creative solutions. Additionally, a diverse workforce can appeal to a broader range of customers, expanding the customer base and leading to greater profits. As a result, diversity can not only be the right thing to do morally but also make sense from a business perspective.
Explanation:
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Ragsdell Corporation had the following transactions. Classify each of these transactions by type of cash flow activity (operating, investing, or financing). 1. Issued $200,000 of bonds payable. 2. Paid utilities expense. 3. Issued 500 shares of preferred stock for $45,000. 4. Sold land and a building for $250,000. 5. Lent $30,000 to Tegtmeier Corporation, receiving Tegtmeier's 1 -year, 12% note.
1. Issued $200,000 of bonds payable: Financing activity.
2. Paid utilities expense: Operating activity.
3. Issued 500 shares of preferred stock for $45,000: Financing activity.
4. Sold land and a building for $250,000: Investing activity.
5. Lent $30,000 to Tegtmeier Corporation, receiving Tegtmeier's 1-year, 12% note: Investing activity.
1. Issued $200,000 of bonds payable: **Financing activity**. This transaction involves the issuance of bonds, which represents a long-term borrowing arrangement and falls under the financing category of cash flows.
2. Paid utilities expense: **Operating activity**. This transaction involves the payment of an expense directly related to the day-to-day operations of the company, making it an operating cash flow.
3. Issued 500 shares of preferred stock for $45,000: **Financing activity**. This transaction involves the issuance of preferred stock, which represents an equity financing arrangement and is classified as a financing cash flow.
4. Sold land and a building for $250,000: **Investing activity**. This transaction involves the sale of a long-term asset (land and building) and represents a change in the company's investment portfolio, falling under the category of investing cash flows.
5. Lent $30,000 to Tegtmeier Corporation, receiving Tegtmeier's 1-year, 12% note: **Investing activity**. This transaction involves lending money to another entity, which represents an investment by Ragsdell Corporation. It is classified as an investing cash flow since it involves a change in the investment portfolio by acquiring a note receivable.
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Explain why the following dividends are reported or not reported in the consolidated financial statements and if applicable name the specific statement?
d. Dividends paid by Parent to its shareholders? (3 mark)
e. Dividends paid by a Subsidiary to the non-controlling shareholders? (3 marks)
f. Dividends paid by the Subsidiary to the parent? (3 marks)
Dividends paid by the parent to its shareholders and dividends paid by a subsidiary to non-controlling shareholders are reported in the consolidated financial statements, while dividends paid by the subsidiary to the parent are not reported.
D. When a parent company pays dividends to its shareholders, it represents a distribution of profits from the consolidated group.
The consolidated financial statements aim to present the financial position, performance, and cash flows of the entire group, including the parent company and its subsidiaries.
Therefore, dividends paid by the parent company to its shareholders are relevant to understanding the overall financial performance and the allocation of profits within the group.
These dividends are typically reported in the statement of changes in equity or in the notes to the financial statements, providing details of the amount distributed to shareholders.
E. Dividends paid by a Subsidiary to the non-controlling shareholders: These dividends are reported in the consolidated financial statements. Non-controlling shareholders represent the portion of ownership held by individuals or entities other than the parent company in a subsidiary.
Dividends paid by a subsidiary to its non-controlling shareholders are considered a distribution of the subsidiary's profits and are relevant to understanding the allocation of earnings among different stakeholders in the consolidated group.
These dividends are typically reported in the consolidated statement of changes in equity or in the notes to the financial statements, providing information about the amount distributed to non-controlling shareholders.
F. Dividends paid by the Subsidiary to the parent: These dividends are not reported in the consolidated financial statements. When a subsidiary pays dividends to the parent company, it represents a distribution of profits within the consolidated group.
However, from a consolidation perspective, these dividends do not affect the overall equity of the group as they represent a transfer of funds within the group entities.
Consolidated financial statements aim to eliminate intercompany transactions and balances to avoid double counting. Therefore, dividends paid by the subsidiary to the parent are eliminated during the consolidation process.
They are not reported as a separate line item in the consolidated financial statements. Instead, the equity of the subsidiary is adjusted to reflect the retained earnings retained within the group.
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Inflation rate, Solow growth curve Select one: a. 3% b. 4% c. 7% d. 0% AD (M + V = 12%) 12% Real GDP growth rate Refer to the AD/AS graph above. It shows an AD curve consistent with a spending growth of 12%. Assume the Solow growth rate is 5%. What does the model predict for the inflation rate when the economy is growing at the Solow rate?
When the economy is growing at the Solow rate of 5%, inflationary pressures are expected to be relatively stable as there is no excess demand or supply in the economy.
In the Solow growth model, the inflation rate is not explicitly determined. The model focuses on long-run economic growth driven by factors such as capital accumulation and technological progress. However, we can use the information provided to make some inferences.
The given information states that the Solow growth rate is 5%. This rate represents the maximum sustainable long-run growth rate of the economy, where the economy's potential output is expanding at its full capacity.
On the AD/AS graph, the aggregate demand (AD) curve is consistent with a spending growth rate of 12%. This implies that the economy is experiencing an expansionary phase with aggregate demand growing faster than the Solow rate. Consequently, the actual output is surpassing the potential output of the economy.
When the economy is growing at the Solow rate, it suggests that the actual output is equal to the potential output. In this scenario, there is no excess demand or supply in the economy, and inflationary pressures are expected to be relatively stable.
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Given the demand and supply functions for product Z : 800-20Pz and 100+10z
A. Determine the price and quantity at which the market for product Z is in equilibrium and show graphically. 2marks
B. Calculate consumer surplus, producer surplus as well as the total welfare of economic agents and illustrate graphically 2marks
C. If Government imposes a tax of Ghc 20 per unit, calculate the new equilibrium price and quantity and show graphically on the same graph. 2marks
D. Explain briefly the impact of the tax on equilibrium price and quantity 1mark
E. What portion of tax is borne by consumers and the producer?1mark
F. What is the total tax revenue to government? 1mark
G. Calculate the deadweight loss from the tax imposition 2marks
H. After the tax imposition, government decides to grant producers a subsidy of Ghc30 per unit produced. Calculate the new equilibrium price and quantity. 2marks
I. Explain briefly the impact of the subsidy on equilibrium price and quantity 1mark
A. Market Equilibrium Price of product Z is represented by Pz
Demand function = 100 + 10PzSupply function = 800 - 20Pz
Equilibrium point can be calculated when the demand function is equal to the supply functioni.
e. 100 + 10Pz = 800 - 20Pz30Pz = 700Pz = 23.33
Quantity at which the market for product Z is in equilibrium can be calculated by putting the value of price in either demand or supply function.
Quantity at equilibrium, Qz = 100 + 10(23.33)Qz = 233.3Graphical representation of Market Equilibrium
B. Consumer Surplus and Producer Surplus The formula for calculating Consumer Surplus, CS = 1/2(Q1-Q2)(P1-P2)
The formula for calculating Producer Surplus, PS = 1/2(Q2-Q1)(P2-P1)
Where P1 = 100 + 10(23.33) = 333.3P2 = 800 - 20(23.33) = 333.3Q1 = 800 - 20(333.3) = 466.6Q2 = 100 + 10(333.3) = 3333.3Consumer Surplus, CS = 1/2(3333.3-233.3)(333.3-23.33) = 32915.6
Producer Surplus, PS = 1/2(466.6-3333.3)(333.3-23.33) = 32915.6
Total Welfare of Economic AgentsTotal welfare of economic agents is the sum of consumer surplus and producer surplus
Total welfare of economic agents = CS + PS = 65831.2
Graphical representation of Consumer Surplus and Producer Surplus
C. Imposing Tax of GHC 20 per unitThe new supply function will be represented as follows:
New supply function = 800 - 20(Pz - 20) = 800 - 20Pz + 400Pz = 25
New equilibrium price can be calculated by putting the value of Qz in the demand function.
Pz = 800 - 20(25)Pz = 300Graphical representation of the imposition of tax
D. Impact of Tax on Equilibrium Price and Quantity The tax imposition leads to the rise of equilibrium price of product Z from GHC 23.33 to GHC 25.
The equilibrium quantity decreases from 233.3 to 225.
Therefore, the tax leads to an increase in the price of product Z and decrease in the quantity of product Z supplied.
Therefore, the subsidy leads to a decrease in the price of product Z and increase in the quantity of product Z supplied.
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Real World Examples and Usefulness of the Supply and Demand Model. Start each question by drawing a hypothetical demand curve, supply curve and equilibrium. You need to designate which is demand curve, which is supply curve, and which is equilibrium, which axis is P or Q in all the graphics you draw. a) What happened to the equilibrium price and quantity in the Gas market in the US after the Ukraine and Russia war which started in Feb 2022. Think about the first shock to the Gas market only. b) What happened to the equilibrium price and quantity in the Gas market in New Jersey after Hurricane Sandy in 2012. c) What usually happens to the equilibrium price and quantity in the beer market equilibrium night before Super Bowl Game 1
. d) The Leisure and Hospitality industry (which includes lodging, food services, event planning, theme parks, transportation and other tourism oriented products and services, Museums, etc.) has been disproportionately affected by COVID-19 and related shutdowns of economic activity. Industry employment fell by 48 percent between February and April 2020. Can you draw a demand and supply curve for Leisure and Hospitality Market and explain what happened to the equilibrium price and quantity between February and April 2020 ?
The US gas industry was significantly impacted by the conflict between Ukraine and Russia that broke out in February 2022. The graph above displays the potential supply and demand curves for gas in New Jersey, assuming that the state's gas market is a competitive one.
The graph above depicts the fictitious supply and demand curves for beer, assuming that the market is competitive. The graph above displays the fictitious demand and supply curves for the leisure and hospitality business, assuming that it is a market with competition.
The US gas industry was significantly impacted by the conflict between Ukraine and Russia that broke out in February 2022. The decrease in gas supplies brought about by the war was the market's first shock.
The state's gas market was significantly impacted by Hurricane Sandy in 2012, which struck New Jersey. Gas stations were impacted by the hurricane because they were unable to pump gas without electricity.
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An initial investment of $25,000 forty years ago is worth $1,533,913 today. What is the geometric average return on this investment?
a) 9.47%
b) 11.47%
c) 10.84%
d) 11.23%
e) 12.08%
The geometric average return on this investment is e) 12.08%. So, option e is the correct answer.
The geometric average return on the investment that had an initial investment of $25,000 forty years ago and is worth $1,533,913.
Step 1: Compute the rate of return per year
R = (End value/Start value)^(1/n) - 1
Where, End value = $1,533,913
Start value = $25,000
n = 40 years
R = ($1,533,913/$25,000)^(1/40) - 1= 0.1037797 or 10.378%
Step 2: Calculate the geometric average return
GAR = (1 + R1) * (1 + R2) * ... * (1 + Rn)^(1/n) - 1
GAR = (1 + 10.378%)^40 - 1= (1.10378)^40 - 1= 12.0762 or 12.08%
Therefore, the geometric average return on this investment is e) 12.08%. So, option e is the correct answer.
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The Corporation performs adjusting entries monthly. Closing entries are performed annually on December 31. During December the following transactions occurred: Dec. 1 Issued 10,000 shares of capital stock to Aaron Hillman and other investors in exchange for a total of $45,000 cash. Dec. 1 Paid $14,400 to Boothe Realty for 12 months rent paid in advance. (Use the Asset account: Prepaid Rent for the entire amount). Dec. 2 Purchased office equipment and furnishings from Edwards Corp. for $12,000 (use the account Office Equipment and Furnishings). Paid $4,000 in cash with the balance due on a Note Payable (principal and interest due in 6 months). Dec. 4 Purchased office supplies on Account from Trackers for $1,400. Payment is due in 20 days. These supplies are expected to last for several months. Dec. 5 Purchased a 12 month business Malpractice Insurance Policy for $1,200 from the Cruise Agency (use the Asset account Unexpired Malpractice Insurance for the entire amount). One journal entry at a time. Click on Save and New. Quickbooks Computer Program, Page 6 Dec. 10 Received $3,000 cash from the Sweet & Fancy Cupcakes in West Reading as advance payment for services to be provided. (Use the Liability account: Unearned Accounting Fees.) Dec. 16 Paid employee salaries for the first two weeks of December, $1,200. Dec. 16 Earned $6,000 in fees for Accounting services provided in the first two weeks of December. $3,500 was received in cash and the remainder was billed to AAI’s customers on Account (due in 10 days.) Dec. 24 Paid the amount due to Trackers on account from the Dec. 4th purchase. Dec. 26 Received amount due on account from the December 16th billing. Dec. 27 AAI was named, along with Cruise Agency, as a co-defendant in a $5,000 lawsuit filed on behalf of Ellie Perry. Perry believes she was not properly represented by Aaron Hillman and is suing for damages. The extent of the Corporation’s legal and financial responsibility, if any, can not be determined at this time. (Note: this event does not need a journal entry at this time, but may require disclosure in the notes accompanying the financial statements. Dec. 30 Received a bill for internet & phone services for the month of December from Sprint in the amount of $350. The amount is due on January 15, 2021. Dec. 30 Declared a cash dividend of $.20 (20 cents) per share, payable on January 15, 2020. *Remember to debit Dividends; you are paying it later so credit Dividends Payable. Dec. 31 Earned $10,000 in fees for accounting services provided for the second two weeks of December. $6,000 was received in cash and the remainder was billed to AAI’s customers on Account (due in 12 days.) Data for Adjusting entries (These are done in the general journal.) Remember you are only adjusting for one month. The date for the adjusting entries is December 31, 2020. No Cash is involved. a. The advance payment for rent on December 1 covered a period of 12 months. (You only used one month) b. The Insurance Policy is for 12 months. (You used only one month) c. The annual interest rate on the Note Payable to Edwards Corp. is 9%. (One month interest) d. The Office Equipment and Furnishings are being depreciated by the straight-line method for a period of 5 years. There is no salvage value and you are expensing one month. e. Office Supplies on hand on December 31 are estimated at $750. f. During December, AAI earned $1,200 of the accounting fees paid in advance by Sweet & Quickbooks Computer Program, Page 7 Fancy Cupcakes December 10th. (You have now earned the 1200.) g. Salaries earned by employees since last payroll are $1,300. The Salaries will be paid on 1/3/21. h. The Accountant estimates that the amount of Income Tax Payable will be $3,000. These taxes will be paid in 2021. Step 4 - Reports 1. After you type in the journal and adjusting entries, you will need to run the following reports. a. Click on Reports, All Reports, Scroll down to For My Account Reports. Website does change so it might look exactly like this.
The Corporation performs adjusting entries monthly and closing entries are performed annually on December 31. Declared a cash dividend of $.20 (20 cents) per share, payable on January 15, 2020. Remember to debit Dividends; you are paying it later so credit Dividends Payable.
During December, the following transactions occurred:
I. Issued 10,000 shares of capital stock to Aaron Hillman and other investors in exchange for a total of $45,000 cash.
II. Paid $14,400 to Boothe Realty for 12 months rent paid in advance. (Use the Asset account: Prepaid Rent for the entire amount).
III. Purchased office equipment and furnishings from Edwards Corp. for $12,000 (use the account Office Equipment and Furnishings). Paid $4,000 in cash with the balance due on a Note Payable (principal and interest due in 6 months).
IV. Purchased office supplies on Account from Trackers for $1,400. Payment is due in 20 days. These supplies are expected to last for several months.
V. Purchased a 12 month business Malpractice Insurance Policy for $1,200 from the Cruise Agency (use the Asset account Unexpired Malpractice Insurance for the entire amount).
VI. Received $3,000 cash from the Sweet & Fancy Cupcakes in West Reading as advance payment for services to be provided. (Use the Liability account: Unearned Accounting Fees.)
Salaries earned by employees since the last payroll are $1,300. The Salaries will be paid on 1/3/21.h. The Accountant estimates that the amount of Income Tax Payable will be $3,000. These taxes will be paid in 2021.
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MediSys Corp: The IntensCare Product Development Team" and write an essay answering the following questions:
1. How well is the IntensCare Product Development Team performing? what are the major problems you see in this case for the IntensCare Team? Why? 2. Does each member of the IntensCare Team feel and perceive the team in the same way? Why each of the characters has the different perception？How will the perception influence each character's decision making, behavior, and performance on the project team?
3. Are people motivated to do all that they can to work together? Why not? (Hint: please use motivation theories from Module 4 to answer this question)
4. How is information exchanged and received?
5. How do team members from different functions coordinate their efforts?
6. How are team members evaluated?
The IntensCare Product Development Team is not performing well. There are several major problems that the team is facing, including a lack of communication, poor coordination, and limited motivation.
The team members are working independently, which is delaying the project's completion. As a result, the team leader needs to identify the root cause of these issues and take appropriate actions to improve team performance.2. No, each member of the IntensCare Team does not feel and perceive the team in the same way. Each character has a different perception due to their different experiences, backgrounds, and expertise. For example, the marketing team member believes that the project has significant potential, while the technical team member is skeptical about the project's feasibility.
These perceptions can influence their decision-making, behavior, and performance on the project team. The team leader needs to understand these differences and work towards creating a common vision to improve team performance.
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What are your feelings about space exploration? should we be doing it or should we focus on the problems we have here on earth?Do you think there is life beyond the earth? If so, do you think it will be carbon-based?
Space exploration is the study of the outer space by means of manned and unmanned spacecraft. It also includes the launch vehicles and other equipment used in space technology.
Some benefits of space exploration are: Scientific advancements: Space exploration leads to technological advancements in various areas like engineering, robotics, and material science . It can help with new business and job creation .: Space exploration helps inspire creativity and innovation. It also unites people from different cultures to work together towards a common goal.
Space exploration helps discover new places, species, and planets. Many people argue that we should focus on the problems we have on earth instead of investing resources into space exploration. They argue that there are many issues such as hunger, poverty, and climate change that need urgent attention. whether life exists beyond Earth, as scientists are yet to discover any concrete evidence of extraterrestrial life.
However, considering the vastness of the universe, it's highly likely that life exists on other planets. According to the carbon-based theory, life on other planets could be carbon-based as well because carbon is the building block of life. Carbon-based life is able to exist in a variety of environments, from extreme heat to freezing temperatures.
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Which of the following statements correctly describes the part of an adjuster in divorce cases?
Investigates allegations of fraud or misconduct by the debtor or its principals as an advocate of the other party
Investigates for instances of hiding assets in a chapter 11 filing
Investigates claims against a debtor to determine whether or not they are valid
Assists the trustee by performing such duties as securing business facilities and assets, locating assets of the debtors estate and arranging asset sales
Adjustor investigates claims against a debtor to determine whether or not they are valid. An adjuster is an insurance agent who negotiates with insurance policyholders to decide coverage under a particular policy.
An adjuster is an insurance agent who negotiates with insurance policyholders to decide coverage under a particular policy. In some instances, an adjuster may assist with real estate litigation, determining whether or not a particular entity has sufficient assets to cover a legal claim, or even negotiating the terms of a divorce agreement.
In divorce cases, an adjuster has a critical function. When a couple of divorces, their shared assets and debts must be split equitably. If one party thinks the other is hiding assets, an adjuster may be hired to investigate.
This is typically achieved through a thorough review of financial records, including bank statements, tax returns, and other papers. They also identify any areas where one spouse might have been dishonest about assets or financial obligations. Finally, they determine if the allegations are valid or not.
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You own 1,000 shares of a company, M&N Limited which is all-equity financed with 10,000 outstanding. The market price for each share is currently $40. M& N Limited follows a constant dividend policy, implying that it will pay the same dividend per share each year indefinitely. The dividend per share is $4.50 per year. The company is debating of converting into a 60% debt capital structure by using the proceeds from debt to repurchase shares and the expected dividend per share is $5.85. The interest rate on borrowings in general is 9% per annum. Ignore taxes.
You are required to answer the following questions:
(a) What is the value of your personal cash flow in M&N Limited based on the current capital structure and dividend policy of the company? (b) What is the value of your personal cash flow in M&N Limited, based on the proposed 60% debt capital structure and dividend policy of the company?
(a) Under the current capital structure and dividend policy, your personal cash flow in M&N Limited amounts to $4,500 annually.
(b) If M&N Limited converts to a 60% debt capital structure and implements the proposed dividend policy, your personal cash flow would increase to $5,850 annually.
(a) The value of your personal cash flow in M&N Limited based on the current capital structure and dividend policy of the company can be calculated as follows:
Current dividend per share = $4.50
Number of shares owned = 1,000
Personal cash flow = Dividend per share * Number of shares owned
= $4.50 * 1,000
= $4,500
Therefore, the value of your personal cash flow in M&N Limited, based on the current capital structure and dividend policy, is $4,500.
Under the current capital structure and dividend policy, your personal cash flow in M&N Limited amounts to $4,500 annually. This represents the total dividend income you receive from your 1,000 shares.
(b) The value of your personal cash flow in M&N Limited, based on the proposed 60% debt capital structure and dividend policy of the company, can be calculated as follows:
Proposed dividend per share = $5.85
Number of shares owned = 1,000
Personal cash flow = Dividend per share * Number of shares owned
= $5.85 * 1,000
= $5,850
Therefore, the value of your personal cash flow in M&N Limited, based on the proposed 60% debt capital structure and dividend policy, is $5,850.
If M&N Limited converts to a 60% debt capital structure and implements the proposed dividend policy, your personal cash flow would increase to $5,850 annually. This change reflects the higher dividend per share and the reduced number of outstanding shares resulting from the share repurchase using debt proceeds.
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Mesra Corporation plans to issue 10-year bonds with a par value of RM1,000 that will pay RM55 every six months. The net amount of capital to the firm from the sale of each bond is RM840.68. If Mesra is in the 25% tax bracket, what is the after-tax cost of debt?
The after-tax cost of debt for Mesra Corporation is 9.81%. The after-tax cost of debt for Mesra Corporation can be calculated as a formula: After-Tax Cost of Debt = (Cost of Debt) x (1 - Tax Rate)Where Cost of Debt = (Annual Interest Payment) / (Net Proceeds from the Bond Issue)
In this scenario, the par value of each bond is RM1,000 and the bonds pay RM55 every six months, which means the annual interest payment is: RM55 x 2 = RM110. So, the cost of debt can be calculated as follows: Cost of Debt = RM110 / RM840.68Cost of Debt = 0.1308 or 13.08%. Since Mesra Corporation is in the 25% tax bracket, the tax rate would be 0.25.
Now, we can calculate the after-tax cost of debt using the formula mentioned above: After-Tax Cost of Debt = (0.1308) x (1 - 0.25)After-Tax Cost of Debt = 0.0981 or 9.81%. Therefore, the after-tax cost of debt for Mesra Corporation is 9.81%.
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PA 16-9 (Algo) CPU-on-Demand (CPUD) offers real-time...
CPU-on-Demand (CPUD) offers real-time high-performance computing services. CPUD owns 1 supercomputer that can be accessed through the Internet. Their customers send jobs that arrive, on average, every 6 hours. The standard deviation of the interarrival times is 4 hours. Executing each job takes, on average, 3 hours on the supercomputer and the standard deviation of the processing time is 4.0 hours.
(Do not round immediate calculations, round your answer to one decimal place)
How long does a customer have to wait to have a job completed? ________ hours
We have a CPU-on-Demand (CPUD) with a single supercomputer that is available through the internet. Customers send their jobs to CPUD, on average, every 6 hours, with a standard deviation of 4 hours. It takes 3 hours to run each task on the supercomputer, and the standard deviation of processing time is 4 hours.
We can utilize the Little's Law in order to answer this question. This equation shows the relationship between the average number of jobs in the queue (L), the average amount of time that each job spends in the system (W), and the average arrival rate of jobs into the system (λ):L = λW. Therefore, let's first calculate the arrival rate (λ) in units of hours:λ = 1/6 = 0.1667/hourNext, we can use the following formula to calculate the average number of jobs in the queue (L):L = λ2/μ(μ-λ)Where μ is the average job completion rate per hour. We can calculate μ by taking the inverse of the mean processing time:μ = 1/3 = 0.3333/hourSo we have:L = (0.1667)2/(0.3333-0.1667) = 0.0555 / hourNext, we can utilize Little's Law to compute the average waiting time (W):W = L/λ = 0.0555/0.1667 ≈ 0.3332 hours
Therefore, a client must wait on average approximately 0.3332 hours to have their job completed, which is equivalent to about 20 minutes and one-third of an hour (1/3 * 60 minutes = 20 minutes). Answer: 0.3 hours or 20 minutes.
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Please use Excel to solve this problem and submit your Excel
file. The problem is as follows:
1. The weight of bags of fertilizer is normally distributed,
with a mean of 100 pounds (the target) and a
Here is the Excel solution for the problem you have given below: In cell B1 type the heading "Probability" In cell A2 type the value "90" and in cell A3 type the value "110" In cell B2 type the formula "=NORM.DIST(A2,100,15,TRUE)" and copy the formula to cell B3.
In cell A4 type the value "95" and in cell A5 type the value "105"Step 7: In cell B4 type the formula "=NORM.DIST(A4,100,15,TRUE)" and copy the formula to cell B5.Step 8: In cell A6 type the value "97.5" and in cell A7 type the value "102.5"Step 9: In cell B6 type the formula "=NORM.DIST(A6,100,15,TRUE)" and copy the formula to cell B7.
Select the range A2:B11 and create a scatter plot chart.Step 15: Right-click on the chart and click on "Select Data".Step 16: Click on "Add" and type the following values in the "Edit Series" window:Series Name: Normal DistributionX-Values: =$A$2:$A$11Y-Values: =$B$2:$B$11Step 17: Click "OK" twice and the chart will show the normal distribution of the weight of bags of fertilizer which is normally distributed with a mean of 100 pounds (the target) and a standard deviation of 15 pounds.Hope this helps!
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A project has the following discounted cash flows set out below. What is the discounted payback period of this project? Enter your final answer to two decimal places.
The discounted payback period cannot be determined without the discounted cash flows provided in the question.
To calculate the discounted payback period of a project, we need the discounted cash flows associated with the project. Unfortunately, the discounted cash flows are not provided in the question, making it impossible to determine the discounted payback period. The discounted payback period takes into account the time it takes for the project's discounted cash flows to recover the initial investment or reach a positive net present value.
Without the specific cash flow values, it is not possible to calculate the discounted payback period. If the discounted cash flows were provided, we would sum them up until the cumulative discounted cash flows turn positive, indicating the point at which the initial investment is recovered. The time taken to reach that point would be the discounted payback period, which could be reported with two decimal places.
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Assume a Saudi Multinational Corporation decided to do a project in Germany one year ago (October 1st, 2021) which would be completed on September 30th, 2022. If the project cost 100 million Euro and expected to generate income of 150 million Euro on September 30th, 2022. The exchange rate at the beginning of the project is 0.23 Euro/SAR and it is 0.27 Euro/SAR at the end of the project. There is no derivative bearing SAR currency, but there is a way a Saudi firm engage into the forward / option market.
⦁ Calculate the initial investment in SAR.
⦁ show the choices for financing this project by the Saudi firm? Just show without calculation.
⦁ Calculate profit from this investment in Euro and SAR, also show whether the Saudi firm hurt or benefit from changes in the exchange rate movement.
⦁ How would the Saudi firm hedge against the exchange rate risk?
The initial investment in SAR would be 434,782,609. Financing choices can be loan from banks, issuance of bonds, or private placements. The profit from this investment in Euro would be 65 million and in SAR would be 241 million.
Given: Project cost = 100 million Euro Expected income = 150 million Euro Exchange rate at the beginning of the project = 0.23 Euro/SAR Exchange rate at the end of the project = 0.27 Euro/SAR1. The initial investment in SAR can be calculated as: Initial investment in Euro = 100 million Euro × 0.23 Euro/SAR = 23 million SAR Exchange rate at the end of the project = 0.27 Euro/SAR
Initial investment in SAR = 23 million SAR ÷ 0.23 Euro/SAR = 434,782,609 SAR2. The choices for financing this project by the Saudi firm are: Loan from banks Issuance of bonds Private placements3. Profit from this investment in Euro: Profit in Euro = Income in Euro - Project cost in Euro = 150 million Euro - 100 million Euro = 50 million Euro Profit from this investment in SAR: Profit in SAR = 50 million Euro × 0.27 Euro/SAR = 13.5 million SAR
Saudi firm would benefit from changes in the exchange rate movement because the exchange rate increased from 0.23 Euro/SAR to 0.27 Euro/SAR.4. The Saudi firm would hedge against the exchange rate risk by engaging in the forward/option market. They could enter into a forward contract or purchase an option to protect against unfavorable exchange rate movements.
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1) For the investor, investing in the issuer's preferred stock is (a,b,c) investing in its bonds.
a. equallt as risky as
b. less risky than
c. more risky than
2) If the corporation is very successful, the market value of its (a,b,c,d) increase in value the most
a. bonds
b. common stock and preferred stock
c. common stock
d. preferred stock
1) For the investor, investing in the issuer's preferred stock is (a,b,c) investing in its bonds.
a. equally as risky as
b. less risky than
c. more risky than
The correct answer is b. less risky than.
When an investor invests in the issuer's preferred stock, it is generally considered less risky than investing in its bonds. This is because preferred stockholders have a higher claim on the company's assets and earnings compared to bondholders. In the event of bankruptcy or liquidation, preferred stockholders are paid before bondholders.
Preferred stockholders also have a fixed dividend rate, which means they receive a predetermined dividend payment before common stockholders. Bondholders, on the other hand, receive regular interest payments and the return of their principal investment at maturity.
Overall, preferred stock is considered a hybrid security, combining features of both stocks and bonds. It offers some stability and a fixed income stream, making it less risky compared to investing in bonds.
2) If the corporation is very successful, the market value of its (a,b,c,d) increase in value the most
a. bonds
b. common stock and preferred stock
c. common stock
d. preferred stock
The correct answer is c. common stock.
If a corporation is very successful, the market value of its common stock is likely to increase the most. This is because common stock represents ownership in the company and entitles shareholders to a share of the company's profits and assets. As the company's performance improves and its earnings increase, the demand for its common stock tends to rise, driving up its market value.
On the other hand, bonds have a fixed interest rate and their market value is less affected by the company's success. Preferred stock also has a fixed dividend rate, which may limit its potential for value appreciation compared to common stock.
It's important to note that the market value of stocks can be influenced by various factors, such as overall market conditions, investor sentiment, and the company's financial performance. Therefore, while common stock generally has the highest potential for value appreciation, it is not guaranteed and can fluctuate based on market dynamics.
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