The short summary of the concept of dark matter and dark energy is given here.
What is dark matter?An estimated 85% of the universe's mass is assumed to be made up of dark matter, a hypothetical type of stuff. Because it does not appear to interact with the electromagnetic field—that is, it does not absorb, reflect, or emit electromagnetic radiation—dark matter is referred to as being "dark," making it challenging to detect.
Numerous astrophysical observations support the existence of dark matter, including gravitational effects that cannot be described by the gravity theories currently in use without the presence of more matter than can be observed. Because of this, the majority of scientists believe that dark matter is prevalent in the universe and has significantly influenced both its structure and evolution.
What is dark energy?Dark energy is an undiscovered type of energy that has the largest effects on the cosmos according to physical cosmology and astronomy. Supernova observations provided the first direct proof for its existence by demonstrating that the cosmos is expanding faster than ever rather than at a fixed rate. It is necessary to understand the universe's origins and initial elements in order to comprehend its evolution.
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PLEASE HELP, THE QUESTION IS IN THE IMAGE.
The weight of the container on Mars is 296 N.
The weight of the container on Uranus is 696 N.
The mass of the container on both Mars and Uranus is constant.
What is weight of an object?
The weight of an object is the measure of effect of gravitational force on an object.
The weight of an object changes with change in acceleration due to gravity.
Mathematically, weight of an object is given as;
W = mg
where;
m is mass of an objectg is acceleration due to gravityThe mass of an object is defined as the quantity of stuff contained in an object.
The mass of an object does not change with gravity.
The weight of the container on Mars is calculated as follows;
W = mg
where;
m is mass of then container = 80 kgg is acceleration due to gravity of Mars = 3.7 m/s²W = 80 x 3.7
W = 296 N
The weight of the container on Uranus is calculated as follows;
W = mg
where;
m is mass of then container = 80 kgg is acceleration due to gravity of Uranus = 8.7 m/s²W = 80 x 8.7
W = 696 N
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Answer:
he weight of the container on Mars is 296 N.
The weight of the container on Uranus is 696 N.
The mass of the container on both Mars and Uranus is constant.
Explanation:
A car of mass 1000 kg is travelling at a velocity of 10 ms-1. It
accelerates for 15 s, reaching a velocity of 24 ms].
Calculate:
a. The change in momentum of the car in the 15 s period.
b. The average force acting on the car as it accelerates.
(a) The change in monetum of the car of mass 1000 kg is 14000 kgm/s .(b) The average force on the car as it accelerates is 933.3 N.
(a) What is change in mometum?This can be defined as the product of the mass of a body and its change in velocity.
To calculate the change in momentum, we use the formula below.
Formula:
ΔM = m(v-u).......... Equation 1Where:
ΔM = Change in momentum of the carm = Mass of the carv = Final velocityu = Initial velocityFrom the question,
Given
m = 1000 kgv = 24 m/su = 10 m/sSubstitute these values into equation 1
ΔM = 1000(24-10)ΔM = 1000×14ΔM = 14000 kgm/s(b)Also, to calculate the average force of the car, we use the formula below.
Formula:
F = ΔM/t........ Equation 2Where:
F = Average forcet = TimeFrom the question,
Given:
t = 15 sSubstitute into equation 2
F = 14000/15F = 933.3 NHence, (a) The change in monetum of the car is 14000 kgm/s (b) The average force of the car is 933.3 N.
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Velocity is different from speed because it has both size and ?
Velocity is different from speed because it has both size and direction.
What is velocity and speed?Velocity is a vector quantity that denotes the rate of change of position with respect to time, combining speed with a directional component.
On the other hand, speed is the magnitude of the velocity; the rate distance is traversed in a given time.
Speed is a scalar quantity meaning that is does not have direction while velocity is a vector quantity meaning that it posseses both magnitude (size) and direction.
Therefore, speed and velocity differs in the sense that the latter is a vector quantity.
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help please
Constellations move along a celestial sphere. Which statement does not accurately represent how a person views constellations based on the celestial sphere?
A) Constellations remain in the same place in the night sky throughout the year.
B) A person's view of a constellation in the Southern Hemisphere may not look exactly the same to someone in the Northern Hemisphere who is viewing the same constellation.
C) Constellations appear to move positions each night.
D) A person in the Southern Hemisphere would see different constellations than someone in the Northern Hemisphere.
Answer: It should be B
Explanation:
The reason being that stars are constantly moving, and you may seem the see the same stars but in a different location or not see them at all. Hope this was helpful. :)
Answer:
the answer is B
Explanation:
Stars that have a mass greater than the _____ or _____ limit will not become white dwarfs.
Stars that have a mass greater than the 1.4 solar masses or the Chandrasekhar limit will not become white dwarfs.
What is Chandrasekhar limit?The Chandrasekhar limit is the maximum mass that a stable white dwarf star can have. It was noted by E.C. Stoner and Willhelm Anderson in their works, and they gave it the name Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar in honour of the Indian astronomer who made important, independent findings for enhancing calculation accuracy.
The limit was first disregarded by the scientific community since it would have supported the existence of black holes (technically unrealistic at this turn-off time). The white dwarf stars resist the gravitational collapse of the black hole due to the pressure of electron degeneration.
The Chandrasekhar limit is established at a mass where the gravitational field's self-attraction cannot be balanced by the pressure from electron decay. The limit that has been established these days is 1.39 solar mass.
Hence, Stars that have a mass greater than the 1.39 solar masses or the Chandrasekhar limit will not become white dwarfs.
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which ways more a quarter pound hamburger on jupiter or a 12 ounce steak on venus
Answer: 12 ounce steak on venus
Explanation: venus = closer to the sun. The sun = more potential gravity, which would make it heavier than a quarter pound hamburger on jupiter.
Forces
A cyclist cannot reach terminal velocity going downhill.
Answer:
Air resistance
PLEASE GIVE BRAINLIEST THANK YOU!!!
A spaceship is coasting in orbit around a planet.
A second spaceship sits motionless on the launch
pad. The two ships define frames that are accelerated with respect to each other, yet both might be
regarded as inertial frames. Explain.
As per Drag theory , one possible explanation is v=0 that means velocity of earth relative to ether is zero.
For t1=t2, as per equation
[tex]t1=2l/c [ 1 + v^{2} /c^{2} ]\\t2= 2l/c [ 1 + v^{2} /2c^{2} ][/tex]
Then there is no relative velocity between earth and ether. In other words the ether is dragged with the motion of earth with the same velocity as the earth. However if this explanation is acceptable for there should be no aberration of light. Even if the ether is considered to be dragged partially , the absence of fringes shift and value of aberration cannot be explained simultaneously.
It has been verified by experiments that newton's frame of reference taking stars to be fixed , is an inertial one , while the other one i.e. reference frame fixed to earth is not an inertial frame. Since the earth rotates about its axis as well as round the sun.
Even Galilean Transformation equations explain the structure of inertial frames.
For example - Length of a rod is invariant under Galilean transformations.
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A 350 watt speaker projects sound in a spherical wave. Find the intensity of the sound at a distance of 3.0 m and 9.0 m from the speaker.
The intensity of the sound at a disatance of 3.0 m and 9.0 m from the 350 watt speaker is 3.09 db and 0.34 db respectively.
What is intensity of sound?Sound intensity, also known as acoustic intensity, is defined as the power carried by sound waves per unit area in a direction perpendicular to that area.
To calculate the intensity of sound, we use the formula below.
Formula:
I = P/4πr²............................................. Equation 1Where:
I = Intensity of sound r = Distance from then speakerP = PowerGiven
P = 350 WAt a distance of 3m,
I = 350/(4×3.14×3²)I = 3.09 dbAt a distance of 9.0 m,
P = 350(4×3.14×9²)P = 0.34 dbHence, the intensity of the sound at a distance of 3.0 m and 9.0 m is 3.09 db and 0.34 db respectively.
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Question 7: Which takes up more volume: a ton of platinum, or a ton
of graphene aerogel?
a) A ton of platinum
b) b) A ton of graphene aerogel
c) They have the same mass, so they'd take up the same volume
Answer:
b)
Explanation:
A graphene aerogel is seven times lighter than air, with the same mass, its volume is greater
The volume is inversely proportional to density. Graphene aerogel has the least density of platinum. Hence, a ton of graphene aerogel takes up more volume than a ton of platinum.
What is density?Density (ρ) is the ratio of mass and volume. Volume represents the space occupied by a substance in three-dimension. Mass is an intrinsic property that represents the quantity of a substance.
ρ = m / V. ρ represents density and its SI unit of density is kg/m³. m represents mass and its SI unit is kg. V represents volume and its SI unit is m³.
Density is inversely proportional to volume. Density increases with a decrease in volume. Density decreases with an increase in volume. Density is directly proportional to mass.
The density of graphene aerogel ranges from 0.11-0.19 g/cm³. The density of platinum is 21.45 g/cm³. Hence, volume is greater for lesser density and vice-versa.
The mass of a ton of platinum is lesser compared to the mass of a ton of graphene aerogel. Density increases with an increase in mass and density decreases with a decrease in mass.
Hence, a ton of graphene aerogel can take up a larger volume than a ton of platinum. Thus, option B is correct.
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Being moody, depressed, or having guilty feelings would be associated with which dimension of the PEN model?
The PEN model is a biological theory of nature developed by influential psychologist Hans Eysenck (1916-1997). The model pivot on three broad personality factors: psychoticism, extraversion, and neuroticism (PEN).
which dimension of the PEN model?In the PEN model, character comprises three major dimensions: extraversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism. These pictorial dimensions have Former developing the PEN model, Eysenck chase to quantify personality based on two sizes: extraversion-introversion. Before evolving the PEN model, Eysenck sought to measure nature in two sizes: extraversion-introversion and neuroticism-emotional. Eysenck's PEN theory has suggested an influential classification for the biological basis of personality dimensions: Psychoticism
So we can conclude that The PEN model contains three personality dimensions based on psychophysiology: Psychoticism, Extraversion, and Neuroticism.
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Please help me with this looking to go over my work
0.99 joule must the work done by friction to stop the box.
m=87g
k=82N/m
x=11cm=0.11m
spring force=kx
spring force=82N/m×0.11m
spring force=9.02 N
work done= Fx
work done=9.02 N×=0.11m
work done=0.99 joule
When an item is moved across a distance by an external force, at least a portion of that force must be applied in the direction of the displacement. This is known as work done in physics. By multiplying the length of the path by the component of the force operating along the path, work may be calculated if the force is constant. The work W is equal to the force f times the distance h, or W = mgh, to mathematically describe this idea. The work is W = mas if the force is applied at an angle of to the displacement.
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A high diver reaches the highest point in his jump with his center of gravity 10 m above the water. Assuming that all his gravitational potential energy becomes kinetic energy during the dive, calculate his speed just before he enters the water.
According to the given statement = 14ms⁻¹ his speed just before he enters the water.
What is potential energy, exactly?Potentially energy is a type of energy that depends on how various system elements interact with one another. A spring's potential energy rises when it is crushed or stretched. A steel ball has more potential energy when it is hoisted above the soil than how it was brought closer to it.
Briefing:Since the decrease in kinetic energy equals the variation in g.p.e. out from peak of the dive to the time just before kate enters the water, we may say that.
mgh= 1/2mv²
This means that just before she enters the water, her speed is
v= √2gh
v= √2 *9.81 *10
v= √196
v= 14ms⁻¹.
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A particle of charge +2 q is placed at the origin and particle of charge - q is placed on the x - axis at x = 2a. Where on the x - axis can a third positive charg e be placed so that the net electric force on it is zero?
The answer is 6.8 how do I get this?
Particles with the like charges attract while opposites repel therefore the third charge has to be placed on the right side of -q charge for the electric force to be zero at a distance of 6.8 from the origin.
How is distance from origin calculated?Electric force is measured = (kq₁q₂)/r²
Where k is a constant,
q₁ is charge of the particle at the origin, +2,
q₂ is the charge of the particle on the x-axis, -q
r is the distance from origin
2a is the distance from -q
e is electric force, 0
Let distance of particle from -q be x and +2q be y
y - x = 2a
x = y - 2a
kqe/x² = k2qe/(x + 2a)²
((x + 2a)/x)² = 2
(1 + 2a)/x = √2 cross multiply
x = 2a/(√2 - 1) = 4.8284a
x = 4.8284a
y = x + 2a
y = 4.8284a + 2a
y = 6.8284a approximately 6.8a
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PLEASE, PLEASE, PLEASEE!!!
EXPLAIN IN DETAIL HOW THE TWO RELATES TO THE CELL THEORY
The following lists components of the nature of science. Explain how at least two of these are related to the cell theory:
Scientific knowledge is durable yet subject to change
Science is a social activity
The foundation of biology is modern cell theory, which is a commonly recognized explanation of the relationship between cells and living things.
When scientific knowledge lasts a long time, what does that mean?Because it has been independently verified by numerous scientists working together, scientific knowledge is regarded as lasting. Independent researchers utilize the scientific method to generate factual data and knowledge that adds to the body of knowledge in their subject.
What does social science know scientifically?A generalized collection of laws and hypotheses developed using the scientific method and intended to explain a phenomenon or behavior of interest is referred to as scientific knowledge. Theories are methodical explanations of the underlying phenomenon or behavior, whereas laws are recognized patterns of occurrences or behaviors.
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A person who is high in comfort with closeness and high in anxiety over abandonment in Bartholomew's attachment model would be called
A person who is high in comfort with closeness and high in anxiety over abandonment in Bartholomew's attachment model is known as a generalized anxiety disorder
What is meant by generalized anxiety disorder?An individual is said to be suffering from a generalized anxiety disorder when he or she worries too much, gets worried constantly or excessively and subjects the person to being abandoned to his problem or situation. It is on this premise that such individuals are usually in Bartholomew's attachment model.
So therefore, we can now confirm and deduce from the simple note given above that a generalized anxiety disorder have great negative impact on our wellness.
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Katie pulls her wagon by the handle. She exerts a force of 60 N 30 degrees above the
horizontal. The force of friction from the sidewalk on the wagon is 30 N. The wagon has
a mass of 20 kg. What is the acceleration of the wagon?
a. 1.1 m/s²
b. 21.96 m/s²
c. 0 m/s²
d. 1.5m/s²
Answer:
a. 1.1 m/s^2
Explanation:
Force of Application = (60)(cos30)
= 51.96 N
Force of Friction = 30 N
Total Force = 51.96 - 30
= 21.56 N
F = ma
21.56 = 20a
a = 1.09
a = 1.1 m/s^2
3. An airplane accelerates from rest down a runway at 3.20 m/s² for 42.5 s until it finally lifts
off the ground. Determine how far the plane traveled before takeoff.
a. 1721.34 m
b.
968.26 m
c.
2205.47 m
d. 1115,14 m
e.
2890 m
e option is the correct answer - 2890m
Initial velocity(u) = 0[tex]m/s[/tex]
Accelaration(a) = 3.20[tex]m/s^{2}[/tex]
time(t) = 42.5s
The equation S = u t + 1 2 a t 2 is newton's second equation of motion. Here, 'S' represents the displacement of a body, 'u' represents the initial velocity of a body, 't' represents the time taken by the body to cover the displacement in t time(seconds), and 'a' represents the constant acceleration of a body throughout the movement.
[tex]s = ut + 1/2at^{2}[/tex]
[tex]s = 0(t) + 1/2(3.20)(42.5^{2}) \\s = 1/2(5780)\\s = 2890m[/tex]
The value of s is 2890m.
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What is the displacement of the iguana between 0s and 6s
Answer: Displacement between 0s and 6s = 2
Explanation:0+2=2
The tune-up specifications of a car call for the spark plugs to be tightened to a torque of 50 N⋅m. You plan to tighten the plugs by pulling on the end of a 30-cm-long wrench. Because of the cramped space under the hood, you'll need to pull at an angle of 105 ∘ with respect to the wrench shaft.
With what force must you pull?
The force needed to pull the wrench of 30 cm long is 643.95 N.
What is force?Force can be defined as the product of mass and aceleration.
To calculate the force that must be pull, we use the formula below.
Formula:
F = T/Lcos∅.......... Equation 1Where:
F = ForceT = TorqueL = Length of the wrench∅ = AngleFrom the question,
Given:
T = 50 N.mL = 30 cm = 0.3 m∅ = 105°Substitute these values into equation 1
F = 50/(0.3×cos105°)F = -643.95 N.Note: The negative sign tells the direction of the force and can be ignored (Pull)
Hence, the force need to pull is 643.95 N.
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20pts!
Alex slides a 170 g hockey puck across a sheet of ice. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the puck and the ice is 0.09. What is the puck's rate of acceleration as it slides across the ice?
-0.88 m/s2
−1.74 m/s2
−1.16 m/s2
−2.09 m/s2
The rate of acceleration of the hockey puck with a mass of 170 g is 0.88 m/s².
What is acceleration?Acceleration can be defined as the rate of change of velocity.
To calculate the acceleration of the puck, use the formula below.
Formula:
a = gμ................ Equation 1Where:
a = Acceleration of the puckg = Acceleration due to gravityμ = Cofficient of kinetic frictionFrom the question,
Given:
g = 9.8 m/s²μ = 0.09Substitute these values into equation 1
a = 9.8×0.09a = 0.88 m/s²Hence, puck's rate of acceleration is 0.88 m/s².
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A 5-m long board is placed on top of two supports spaced 3 m apart. The board is placed so that one end is on the left support. The mass of the board is 30 kg. How far can a 100 kg person walk from the left end of the board without it rotating?
See below
3.15 m
When the Moments around thefulcrum , F , are equal, any increase in 'x' will cause a tip
I placed the weight of the board sections at the middle of the sections ...I think this is correct (? It has been a long time since I did simple Physics)
L moment = R moment
1.5 * 18 = 100 * x + 1 * 12
x = .15 m from the fulcrum or 3.15 m from the L end
(hope it is correct !)
joanne drives her car at a speed of 20 m/s. when she applied her breaks, a frictional force of 2000 N brought her car to a complete stop in 10 seconds. what is the mass of her car
A) 1000 Kg
B) 1300 Kg
C) 20,000 Kg
D) 800 Kg
Answer:
A) 1000 kg
Explanation:
vf = vi + at
0 = 20 + (a)(10)
a = -2.0 m/s^2
F = ma
2000 = (m)(2)
m = 1000 kg
An object is rotating about a fixed axis such that its rotational inertia about the fixed axis is 10 kg - m². The object has an angular velocity was a function of time t given by w(t) = at³ - w₂.
where a=2.0 and up- -4.0
The change in angular velocity for the object from t=1s to t=3s is most nearly
The change in angular velocity for the object from t=1s to t=3s is most nearly 24 rad/s².
What is the change in the angular velocity of the object?
The change in the angular velocity of the object is the angular acceleration of the object and the magnitude is calculated as follows;
α = Δω/Δt
where;
Δω is the change in the angular velocityΔt is change in time of motionα = at³ - w₂
α = d(at³ - w₂)/dt
α = 3at²
The given parameters;
a = 2t = 3 s - 1 s = 2 sα = 3(2)(2)²
α = 24 rad/s²
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5. Chad wants to investigate whether adding a solute to water affects its boiling point and freezing point. He set up an experiment and recorded the boiling and freezing point in degrees Celsius (°C), his results are in the data table.
EFFECT OF SOLUTE ON BOILING AND FREEZING POINTS
Test
A.Water
B.Water + 10 grams of salt
C.Water + 20 grams of salt
D.Water +30 grams of salt
E.Water + 40 grams of salt
Boiling Point (°C)
A.100.0
B.100.5
C.101.0
D.101.5
E.102.0
Freezing Point (°C)
A.0
B.-2
C.-4
D.-6
E.-8
Based on the data, which statement would be the best conclusion?
A. Adding salt to water decreases the boiling point.
B. Adding any solute to water increases the boiling point.
C. Adding salt to water increases the boiling point and decreases the freezing point.
D. Adding any solute to water increases the boiling point and decreases the freezing point.
Answer: C Adding salt to water increases the boiling point and decreases the freezing point
Explanation:
A climber of mass 100 kg (including the equipment she is carrying) ascends from sea level to the top of a mountain 5500 m high. Calculate the change in her gravitational potential energy
Answer: Change in gravitational potential energy = 5500 KJ
Explanation:
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Question on dimension
Explanation:
1. Dimension formula of luminous flux matches with which of the following?
Force
Rotational impulse
Momentum
Power
Answer: d) Power
pls help me thx ......................................................................
The work done by the cat is 500J and the force with which the frog hit the lily pad is 5N.
The definition of work includes both the force that is applied to the body and the displacement of the body.
Think about a block that is resting on a horizontal, frictionless floor. A constant force F acts on this block. The result of this force is to move the body d meters in a straight line in the force's direction.
Work done = Force * displacement
Work done = 50N * 10m
Work done = 500Nm
Thus, the work done by the cat is 500J.
Force = Work done / displacement
Force = 10J / 2m
Force = 5N
Thus, the force with which the frog hit the lily pad is 5N.
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The force on a particle of mass 2.0 kg varies with position according to F(x) =−3.0x^2 (x in meters, F(x) in newtons). The particle’s velocity at =2.0m is 5.0 m/s. Calculate the mechanical energy of the particle using (a) the origin as the reference point and (b) =4.0m as the reference point. (c) Find the particle’s velocity at =1.0m. Do this part of the problem for each reference point.
(a) The mechanical energy of the particle at the origin is 0 J.
(b) The mechanical energy of the particle at 4 m is 625 J.
(c) The particle’s velocity at 1.0m is 17.32 m/s.
What is the mechanical energy of the particle?
The mechanical energy of the particle is the total energy of the particle due to its motion and position above the ground such as kinetic energy and potential energy.
E = P.E + K.E
E = mgh + ¹/₂mv²
where;
h is the height of the particle above the groundg is acceleration due to gravitym is the mass of the particlev is the speed of the particleat the origin, the displacement of the particle is zero and the velocity of the particle is zero.
E = (2 x 9.8 x 0) + ¹/₂(2)(0)²
E = 0 J
The acceleration of the particle is calculated as follows;
F = ma
a = F/m
where;
F is force = 300 Nm is mass of the particle = 2 kga = (300)/2
a = 150 m/s²
The velocity of the particle at distance 4 m is calculated as follows;
v² = u² + 2as
where;
v is the velocity at 4 mu is the velocity at 2 ma is the accelerations is the distance travelled from 2 m to 4 m = 2 mv² = (5)² + 2(150)(2)
v² = 625
v = √625
v = 25 m/s
E = ¹/₂mv²
E = ¹/₂(2)(25²)
E = 625 J
The particle's velocity at 1 m is calculated as follows;
Apply the principle of conservation of energy;
Work done by force = kinetic energy of the particle
Fd = ¹/₂mv²
where;
d is the displacement of the particlev is the velocity300 x 1 = ¹/₂(2)v²
300 = v²
v = √300
v = 17.32 m/s
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How long has tension been building in the cascadia fault zone
Answer:
The Cascadia Subduction Zone has not produced an earthquake since 1700 and is building up pressure where the Juan de Fuca Plate is subsiding underneath the North American plate.
Explanation:
At depths shallower than 30 km (19 mi) or so, the Cascadia zone is locked by friction while stress slowly builds up as the subduction forces act, until the fault's frictional strength is exceeded and the rocks slip past each other along the fault in a megathrust earthquake. Below 30 km (19 mi) the plate interface exhibits episodic tremor and slip .