DFCEBA : A plasmid is isolated from a strain of bacteria, the gene of interest is isolated from the cell of an organism,the gene of interest is inserted into a plasmid, the plasmid containing the recombinant dna is inserted into bacteria.
Bacteria and certain other microscopic species contain plasmids, which are tiny circular DNA molecules. Physically distinct from chromosomal DNA, plasmids multiply on their own. They typically include a small number of genes, some of which are transferred from cell to cell and are linked to antibiotic resistance. Recombinant DNA techniques are used by scientists to splice the genes they want to research into a plasmid. The inserted gene is duplicated along with the plasmid as it duplicates itself. Molecular biotechnology has benefited greatly from the development of plasmids. They serve as vectors, or delivery systems, for introducing foreign DNA into bacteria. Beginning in the 1970s, DNA from other creatures was initially "cut and pasted" into particular locations within plasmids.
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if anybody helps me on this i will give you brainliest and extra points please help this is due soon and i really can’t miss this.
Answer:
1) (20+40) - 15 = 45 N [to the right]
2) 19-7= 12 N [to the left]
3) (45 +3) - (35+13) = 0 N [no direction as net force is zero]
4) 39 +11 =50 N [to the right]
Explanation:
If arrows are in the same direction, forces will be added
if arrows are in different direction, forces will be subtracted.
add forces is the same direction and subtract the forces in the opposite direction from the added value
Force cannot be negative
Advice: use brackets to make sure the math is correct. Brackets also help to understand better
For the direction, the net force will go in the direction of greater force
The human stomach is an organ that helps us digest food. The stomach is one of many organs involved in the process of digestion. Others include the esophagus, small intestine, pancreas, and gall bladder. What name is given to a set of organs that work together to perform a specific function?.
Answer:
Organ System
Explanation:
A group of organs that work together to perform a specific function is called an organ system.
Answer:
organ systems
Explanation:
because they have different ways in digesting food and when they've been brought to work together they help your body to function
which of the following statements is false? group of answer choices dna replication proceeds in only one direction around the bacterial chromosome multiple replication forks are possible on a bacterial chromosome dna polymerase joins nucleotides in one direction (5' to 3') only the leading strand of dna is made continuously the lagging strand of dna is started by an rna primer
Nucleotides can only be joined in one way (5' to 3') by DNA polymerase.
DNA synthesis or replication takes place during the S phase of a cell cycle, which happens during interphase and comes before mitosis or meiosis.
Describe DNA replication with an example.The act of copying and duplicating a DNA molecule is known as DNA replication. The procedure is run in a semi-conservative manner.
Before dividing, cells must copy their DNA. This promotes successful inheritance of genetic features by giving each daughter cell a copy of the genome. The fundamental mechanism of DNA replication is similar across all organisms, making it a crucial operation.
Three models—conservative, semi-conservative, and dispersive—were put out for DNA replication. According to the conservative way of replication, freshly generated daughter strands and the parental DNA should both remain together.
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which of the following is/are true of red blood cells? question 16 options: their anatomical name is also erythrocyte. in their mature form, they do not contain a nucleus. immature erythrocytes that may still contain fragments of organelles are called reticulocytes. they contain one molecule of hemoglobin. all of the above are true.
All of the above statements are true about red blood cells.
Anatomical names are the names given by science professionals when referring to certain body parts, tissues or cells of an organism. The anatomical name for red blood cells is erythrocytes.
Erythrocytes do not contain a nucleus in their mature form and are responsible for the transport of oxygen to all parts of the body. Hemoglobin is the molecule in the red blood cells with which the oxygen binds and forms oxyhemoglobin for transportation.
Reticulocytes can be described as immature red blood cells that have the potential to form mature red blood cells. They are formed in the bone marrow and may contain small segments of organelles.
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If the conservative model had been correct, how many generations of bacterial cell division would have had to pass before meselson and stahl would have observed evidence of a band in the cscl gradient corresponding to a hybrid dna molecule containing both 14n and 15n?.
If the conservative model had been correct, No generations; a hybrid would never form had to pass before meselson and stahl would have observed evidence of a band in the cscl gradient corresponding to a hybrid dna molecule containing both 14n and 15n.
What is the Meselson and Stahl experiment about?
The Meselson and Stahl experiment is an experiment in 1958 by Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl. Meselson and Stahl through their experiment demonstrated that DNA replicated semi-conservatively, meaning that each strand in a DNA molecule serves as a template for synthesis of a new, complementary strand
Here's the complete question:
If the conservative model had been correct, how many generations of bacterial cell division would have had to pass before Meselson and Stahl would have observed evidence of a band in the CsCl gradient corresponding to a hybrid DNA molecule containing both 14N and 15N?
A) 1 generation
B) 4 generations
C) More than 10 generations
D) No generations; a hybrid would never form.
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Airplanes reach cruising altitudes at the lower part of the Earth's stratosphere. This portion of the atmosphere is made up mostly of
and
Nitrogen and oxygen are found in the Earth's stratosphere, which is the second-lowest layer of the atmosphere. These are the two most common gases throughout the whole atmosphere.
What is the stratosphere?A part of the atmosphere on Earth is called the stratosphere. As you ascend, it is the second layer of the atmosphere. The stratosphere is immediately followed by the lowest layer, the troposphere.
At medium latitudes, the floor of the stratosphere is around 10 kilometers (6.2 miles, or about 33,000 feet) above the surface. At a height of 50 km, the stratosphere's top is located (31 miles). The height of the lower stratosphere changes according to latitude and season.
Therefore, Nitrogen and oxygen are found in the Earth's stratosphere, which is the second-lowest layer of the atmosphere. These are the two most common gases throughout the whole atmosphere.
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Once a cell completes mitosis, molecular division triggers must be turned off. What happens to mpf during mitosis?.
Once a cell completes mitosis molecular division triggers must be turned off and after the mitosis is completed MPF is deactivated.
What is mitosis and why MPF is deactivated after the mitosis?Mitosis is the cell multiplication with thousands of functions in normal physiology also , to heal the would etc.Mitosis do not divide the cell instead the cell gets divided into meiosis that is the cell division phase.There are four to five phases of both mitosis and meiosis amongst which is a phase called anaphase supposed to be the shortest phase.During the phase MPF is activated that is during the anaphase, and it activates another protein complex.Hence once a cell completes mitosis molecular division triggers must be turned off and the MPF is deactivated.To know more about mitosis visit:
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Is broccoli biotic or abiotic
Answer:
Biotic
Explanation:
broccoli is biotic because it can grow, reproduce, produce and use energy, if something is not living like rocks and dirt it would be abiotic.
Answer:
Biotic.
Explanation:
Broccoli is a crop, which means it is biotic, due to the fact that it is a living substance.
What is peristalsis?
A
an enzyme that helps food dissolve
B
nutrients that are absorbed by organs
C
an organ that stores waste until it is removed from the body
D
muscle contractions that move food down the digestive tract
Answer:
D
muscle contractions that move food down the digestive tract
Explanation:
Directly from definition: Peristalsis is a series of wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract.
Question 2 of 5
Which statement describes the movement of matter in the rock cycle?
O A. Water gets heated by sunlight and evaporates.
OB. Magma rises to the surface and solidifies.
OC. Living things take in and give off water.
O D. People burn fuels that contain carbon and release CO₂.
Answer:
OC
Explanation:
Magma is molten matter therefore, when magma rises and solidifies it forms solid matter.
In a eukaryotic cell, secreted proteins and integral plasma membrane proteins are synthesized by___.
In a eukaryotic cell, secreted proteins and integral plasma membrane proteins are synthesized by ribosomes docked to the rough ER.
A Eukaryotic Cell is what?
Large and sophisticated creatures are made up of eukaryotic cells, which have a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane. Eukaryotic cells are found in fungi, plants, mammals, and protozoa. They are categorized as belonging to the Eukaryota kingdom.
They can sustain diverse conditions within a single cell, enabling them to perform numerous metabolic processes. They are able to grow several times larger than prokaryotic cells because of this.
Eukaryotic Cell Characteristics
The following are the characteristics of eukaryotic cells:
The nuclear membrane encloses the nucleus in eukaryotic cells.
the mitochondria of the cell.
In a eukaryotic cell, the locomotory organs are flagella and cilia.
The outermost layer of eukaryotic cells is called a cell wall.
The process of mitosis is how cells divide.
The cytoskeleton is present in eukaryotic cells.
All of the genetic information is contained in a single, linear DNA found in the nucleus.
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Which part of the brain is involved in initiating, or turning on, the desire to eat?.
Answer: lateral hypothalamus
Explanation: A part of the hypothalamus involved in initiating, or “turning on,” eating. ventromedial hypothalamus: A part of the hypothalamus involved in regulating feelings of satiety. neurotransmitters and hormones are involved in regulating hunger and appetite.
how does the cell wall function work in a plant cell
4-5 sentences
thank you
Answer:
The cell wall is the outermost layer of a plant cell. It works like a protective shield that keeps the contents of the cell inside and prevents water loss. The function of this layer is to protect against harmful substances, such as bacteria and viruses, which can cause diseases in plants. In addition, it also serves as a barrier for gases (such as oxygen) so they do not leak out into the surrounding environment.
Explanation:
Describe one source of genetic variation in meiosis and explain, in your own words, how it increases genetic variation.
One source of genetic variation in meiosis is Recombination or crossing over.
A zygote is formed when one gamete from each parent combines fertilization. In meiosis, each gamete has a unique set of DNA because of recombination and independent selection. The resulting zygote is a one-of-a-kind creation as a result of recombination.
In prophase I, homologous chromosomes, one from each parent, pair along their lengths, gene by gene, resulting in recombination or crossing over. Chromosomes break and then rejoin, exchanging some of their genes. The combination of genes on the chromosomes is now novel.
During meiosis, the process of chromosomes moving at random to separate poles is called an independent assortment. After meiosis, a gamete will have 23 chromosomes, but independent assortment means that each gamete will have one of many different chromosome combinations.
This rearranging of genes into one-of-a-kind combinations raises a population's genetic variation and explains the variation between siblings with the same parents.
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Exponential population growth occurred:
1) after the last Ice Age
O2) during the outbreaks of bubonic plague
3) after the Industrial Revolution
4) all of the above
Exponential population growth occurred: 2) during the outbreaks of bubonic plague
What three consequences did the bubonic plague have?Buruli ulcer: The bubonic plague typically takes 2 to 8 days to incubate. Patients experience weakness, one or more enlarged, painful lymph nodes, headache, chills, and fever (called buboes). This type typically develops as a result of a flea bite.
According to a recent study, those who managed to survive the sickness lived longer in Europe. People had a decreased probability of passing away at any age after the first plague epidemic compared to before, according to an examination of bones from London cemeteries from before and after the disease.
The Black Death, which killed almost 40% of Europe's population between 1347 and 1352, was the worst demographic shock in the continent's history.
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In chicken feather color black is incomplete dominant to white. The intermediate is Blue.
A blue feathered chicken is crossed with a white feathered chicken.
If they produce 8 chicks, how many will have Blue feathers?
a.0
b.4
c.8
d.2
Answer:
about 4
Explanation:
Briefly explain the effects of various pollutants (acid rain, plastics, oil, or fertilizers) on the four spheres – you should be
able to discuss specific effects on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.
The plastic particles they consume enter the food chain through the various life forms in these habitats, all the way up to us humans.
What effect of pollutants on terrestrial and aquatic sphere?Aquatic life forms mostly suffer as a result of water pollution because water bodies lose an adequate amount of fresh dissolved oxygen due to an increase in toxicity.
Contaminants like sulfur can cause excessive acidity in lakes and streams, harm to trees and forest soils, and limit the biodiversity of plant communities.
Therefore, various effect of pollutant on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.
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The pressure in the lungs of a student before and during the start of a volleyball match was recorded. The results are shown in Fig. 2.1. ,
(i)Use the results in Fig. 2.1 to calculate the breathing rate before the start of the match.
Express your answer to the nearest whole number.
(ii)Use the results in Fig. 2.1 to describe how the pattern of breathing during the match is
different from the pattern of breathing before the match starts.
pls answer asap
The breathing rate of the student before the start of the match is 11 breaths per minute.
The breathing rate of the student increases during the match compared to before the match.
What is breathing rate?The breathing rate or respiration rate is defined as the number of breaths taken per minute.
The normal resting respiration rate for an adult is 12 to 20 breaths per minute.
Based on the figure provided, the number of breaths per second before the match is 2 breaths per 11 seconds.
In 1 minute or 60 seconds, breathing rate = 11 breaths per minute
Also, the student's lung pressure and the number of breaths per minute increase during the match.
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8. when stuff binds to proteins, the proteins change shape. when the action potential reaches the sarcomere, it releases calcium which binds to the "bodyguards", allowing the myosin to bond to atp and stretch out to connect with the actin. with its energy spent, the myosin releases the atp and detaches from the actin, only to bind to another atp and repeat the process. this process is called the sliding filament model of muscle contraction.
True, the process is called the sliding filament model of muscle contraction.
According to the sliding filament theory, muscle proteins slide past one another to produce movement during muscular contractions. The sliding filament theory postulates that during muscle contraction, the actin (thin filaments) and myosin (thick filaments) of muscle fibers glide past each other while remaining at essentially constant lengths. A protein called myosin transforms ATP (chemical energy) into mechanical energy, causing movement and push. T
his motion causes the muscles to contract and non-muscle cells, like those in the mitosis and meiosis, to move (cell division). Additionally, the actin-myosin interaction and actin polymerization are what cause a cell to move across a surface. When troponin molecules link to calcium ions in filaments, actin filaments' myosin-binding sites become visible, promoting bridge construction. ATP serves as an energy source and powers this process. Myosin molecules' heads undergo ATP hydrolysis, changing their shape and allowing them to bind to actin filaments.
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6. explain the functions of the following structures or molecules in the respiratory system: structure function alveoli bronchus diaphragm hemoglobin bicarbonate ions trachea
The function of the following structures 1)alveoli 2) bronchus 3)diaphragm 4)hemoglobin 5) bicarbonate ions 6)trachea in the respiratory system are as given below.
Alveoli: These are tiny air sacs in our lungs where the exchange of gases take place. Alveoli move oxygen and carbon dioxide into and out of our bloodstream during respiration. When we breathe in, Oxygen from the air is passed into the bloodstream through the capillaries on the alveoli walls. During exhalation, the carbon dioxide in the blood is passed into the alveoli which are breathed out.
Bronchus: The primary function of the bronchus is to help in the passage of air we breathed in from the trachea(windpipe) to the bronchioles in the lung. The exhaled air carrying carbon dioxide also passes out through the bronchi.
Diaphragm: the diaphragm helps pull or expel air into and out of the lungs. When we inhale the diaphragm flattens and contracts. This creates a vacuum that helps to pull air into the lungs. When we exhale the diaphragm relaxes and this pushes the air out of our lungs.
Hemoglobin: Hemoglobin is a protein found in blood and its main function is to transport oxygen from our lungs to the tissues of our body where it releases this oxygen.
Bicarbonate ions: CO[tex]_{2}[/tex] or carbon dioxide formed as a waste product in our body is removed from our body as bicarbonate ions which are formed when carbon dioxide is hydrated (reacts with H[tex]_{2}[/tex]0). The bicarbonate ion is then carried to the lungs where it dehydrates. This produces CO[tex]_{2}[/tex] and this is released when we exhale.
CO[tex]_{2}[/tex] + H[tex]_{2}[/tex]O ⇄ HCO[tex]_{3} ^{-}[/tex] (bicarbonate ion) + [tex]H^{+}[/tex]
Trachea: the function of the trachea is to carry air into and out of the two bronchi which lead to the lungs.
Diagram of respiratory system is attached.
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If the conservative model had been correct, how many generations of bacterial cell division would have had to pass before meselson and stahl would have observed evidence of a band in the cscl gradient corresponding to a hybrid dna molecule containing both 14n and 15n?.
No generations or hybrid would form before meselson and stahl would have observed evidence of a band in the cscl gradient.
The conservative model predicts that, following a single replication, half of the newly formed DNA double helices will be made entirely of the original, or old, DNA, and the other half will be entirely new. Then, each double helix would be completely replicated during the second round of replication. After that, 25% of the double helices would be all new, and 25% would be entirely old. Thus, the fraction of entirely new DNA double helices would increase with each succeeding round of replication, but the total number of completely unique DNA double helices would remain constant. Therefore, no hybrid DNA molecule containing 14N and 15N is replicated in the conservative model.
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Eukaryotic cells contain several organelles with a variety of functions. If a
cell's lysosomes were damaged, which of the following would most likely
occur?
A The cell would be less able to break down molecules/waste in its cytoplasm.
B The cell would reflect more yellow pigment than green pigment.
C The cell would no longer be able to store DNA in its nucleus.
D The cell would produce more proteins than it needs.
Answer: A The cell would be less able to break down molecules/waste in its cytoplasm.
Explanation:
"Lysosomes act as the waste disposal system of the cell by digesting used materials in the cytoplasm"
Can you tell me the name of one ongoing scientific study in the world for the betterment of human lives??
Answer:
Research of genes that help mice live longer
Explanation
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/10/221012194015.htm
This link goes into detail about genes that affect mice's lifespans, and could be used in research to increase humans' lifespans. If not increasing lifespan, it could also help us find out what we can do to improve our own living situations. The study models what happens in people and could affect life as we know it.
Christina is worried that her traits are completely determined by the genes passed on to her from her parents. Which of these is least likely to be affected by heredity?.
Option a Christina is worried that her traits are completely determined by the genes passed on to her from her parents. personality likely to be affected by heredity.
The transfer of traits from one set of parents to another is known as heredity, often known as inheritance or biological inheritance. Whether through reproduction, the offspring cells or organisms acquire the genetic makeup of their parents. Genes, also known as alleles, can occur in multiple forms and are responsible for determining hereditary features. Each gene in our cells has two copies (with the exception of genes located on chromosomes). Both the sperm and the egg contribute to one of the copies. These two copies, also known as alleles, may not be identical in a single person. We refer to an individual as homozygous for a gene if the two copies of the gene are identical. A gene is heterozygous if its two copies are distinct.
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The Florida panther was once considered to be a subspecies of cougars. Current scientists, however, have studied the Florida panther and removed the subspecies classification
Which of the following would explain why the classification of the Florida panther changed?
A.) New genetic evidence suggests a much closer relationship between the Florida panther and other cougars
B.) Advanced technologies have shown a large difference in cell structure between the Florida panther and other cougars.
C.) Study of their embryos shows major differences in the development of the Florida panther fetus when compared to other cougars
D.)Shared physiological features
between the Florida panther and other cougars were also found in newly discovered organisms in the world.
Which of the following macromolecules contain the element carbon hydrogen oxygen and nitrogen in their structure?
A: carbohydrates & nucleic acids
B: nucleic acids & lipids
C:proteins & nucleic acids
D: proteins & carbohydrates
Answer:
C: proteins & nucleic acids
Explanation:
The pituitary gland, sometimes called the "master gland," carries out instructions from the ________.
The pituitary gland sometimes called the "master gland," carries out instructions from the hypothalamus.
What exactly is the hypothalamus and what does it do?Hypothalamus is a structure located there. It acts as the main link between your endocrine and neurological systems. Your body maintains homeostasis, a stable state of equilibrium, thanks to the hypothalamus. The primary job of the hypothalamus is to respond to these signals and maintain the internal balance and stability of your body. Your hypothalamus serves as your body's "smart control" coordination center, similar to how your home may have a system to flawlessly coordinate all activities. The hypothalamus helps manage your:
1)Body temperature.
2)Blood pressure.
3)Hunger and thirst.
4)Sense of fullness when eating.
5)Mood.
6)Sex drive.
7)Sleep.
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how is matter conserved during photosynthesis?
Answer: I hope this helps. Let me if this is right or wrong Have a good day
Explanation:
The law of conservation of matter is connected to photosynthesis because matter like carbon dioxide and water go into the plant and, with the help of energy, the plant creates a new form of matter -- sugar, or glucose, and releases the oxygen into the atmosphere that is formed from the carbon dioxide.Matter is conserved during the process of photosynthesis and cellular respiration by converting the raw materials into products during photosynthesis and again release the raw materials with the help of break down in the process of respiration.
explain how heavy poaching shifted the population to be more tuskless
Decades of poaching and overhunting of large-tusked elephants could result in generations of elephants with small tusks or no tusks at all.
According to Poole, in heavily poached populations, the proportion of tusked animals in the population increases as poaching continues.
“The baseline tusk loss in a population can be as high as 4%, but over time the rate could increase to 60% in older animals as more tusked elephants are killed. there is potential,” she explains.
Tiny tusks aren't the only genetic impact African (and Asian) elephant populations face from heavy poaching. Over the decades, researchers have documented an increasing proportion of tuskless males and females in many elephant populations.
“Most populations will always have tuskless elephants because elephants have a sex-associated tuskless gene,” Poole says. “The males need tusks to fight, so tuskless males are chosen, and there are very few tuskless males. They don't pass on genes as often."
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Find the quotient. Enter your answer in lowest terms in the box below as a fraction, using the slash mark ( / ) for the fraction bar.
Answer here