Answer:
Cytotoxic T cell - kills infected human cells after recognizing antigens displayed on MHC class 1 B.
Helper T cell - does not directly kill microbes; after recognition of a specific antigen displayed on MHC Class 2, it secretes molecules that help other cells to do so.
B cell - phagocytoses microbes after recognizing specific antigens; secretes antibodies
Natural Killer Cell - kills virus-infected human cells by releasing perforin and granzymes.
Macrophage - Phagocytoses microbes after recognizing PAMPs; acts as an Antigen Presenting Cell to activate another type of immune cell
Mast Cell - Does not directly kill microbes; secretes histamine to initiate an inflammatory response.
Explanation:
T cell are immune-response cells that originate in the bone marrow but migrate and develop in the thymus gland. They are of two classes; Cytotoxic T cells and Helper T cells.
Cytotoxic T cell - kills infected human cells after recognizing antigens displayed on MHC (Major histocompatibility complex) class 1 B.
Helper T cell - does not directly kill microbes; after recognition of a specific antigen displayed on MHC Class 2, it secretes molecules that help other cells to do so.
B cells are formed and develop in the bone marrow. They make antibodies against antigens, and phagocytoses microbes after recognizing specific antigen.
Natural Killer Cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes of the innate immune system. They kill virus-infected human cells by releasing perforin and granzymes.
Macrophages are a type of white blood cells that detects and phagocytoses microbes after recognizing PAMPs (Pathogen-associated molecular pattern) They also act as Antigen Presenting Cell (APCs) to activate another type of immune cell
Mast Cells are cells found in the connctive and they function as part of the immune system of the body. They do not directly kill microbes. They secrete histamine to initiate an inflammatory response.
(c) Fig. 4.2 shows the rate of water conduction up three different trees in a forest over 24 hours.
2.5
2.0
1.5
rate of water
conduction
Idm per hour
1.0-
0.5
8
16
20
12
time/h
Fig. 4.2
O Describe the rate of water conduction in tree A, during this 24 hour period.
You will gain credit for using the data in Fig. 4.2 to support your answer.
Answer:
conduction up three different trees in a forest over 24 hours.
2.5
The graph suggests the amount of water table that is beneath the trees. The graphs also indicate the rate of conduction by the trees. The difference in the water table is considered to calculate the total volume of water consumed by the tree in 24 hours.
What is transpiration?Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems and flowers.
The rate of conduction could be averaged and then the total volume used in 24 hours can be easily calculated by the product of the average rate of water conduction and 24 hours.
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BIOLOGY HELP PLEASE
RNA from fish is compared to RNA of tomato. what do both contain
Answer:
Sugar ribose and base uracil
Explanation:
Bcz rna has sugar ribose so a and b cancelled. And then rna has uracil instead of thymine
if you dilute a 20.0 mL of a 3.5M solution to make 90.0 mL solution what is the molality of the dilute solution?
Given:
unknown:
show work:
Answer:
Molality of the diluted sample is 0.778 M
Explanation:
Given -
Molality of the original solution = 3.5 M
Volume of the original solution = 20 mL
Volume of the diluted solution = 90 mL
Molality of the diluted sample = X
As we know
Molality of the original solution * Volume of the original solution = Volume of the diluted solution * Molality of the diluted sample
Substituting the given values, we get -
[tex]3.5 * 20 = 90 * X\\X = 0.778[/tex]M
Molality of the diluted sample is 0.778 M
Where does the fixed nitrogen that enters the ocean come from?
[tex]\huge{\textbf{\textsf{{\color{pink}{An}}{\red{sw}}{\orange{er}} {\color{yellow}{:}}}}}[/tex]
The ocean absorbs nitrogen gas from the atmosphere. In open-ocean areas with low concentrations of nutrients (“oligotrophic” regions), some of this nitrogen is taken up by microbes and transformed into various chemical compounds.
ThanksHope it helpsWhich of the following is true about the Calvin cycle?
Answer:
The following??
Explanation:
What is the role of gene expression
Answer:
Genes encode proteins and proteins dictate cell function. Therefore, the thousands of genes expressed in a particular cell determine what that cell can do.
Explanation:
Which is true about the tundra biome?
a. It receives less direct sunlight than any other biome on earth.
b. It has more trees than any other biome on earth.
c. It can be found at low elevations all over the earth.
d. It has more types of plants and animals than any other biome on earth.
Answer:
It receives less direct sunlight than any other biome on earth.
Explanation:
The tundra biome is a cold, frozen landscape. This biome has a short growing season, followed by harsh conditions that the plants and animals in the region need special adaptations to survive. Tundra form in two distinct cold and dry regions.
The Tundra biome is a frozen landscape that has a dark and cold environment. It receives less sunlight compared to other biomes. Thus, option a is correct.
What are the characteristics of the Tundra biome?The Tundra biome is the biogeographical region that has the coldest atmosphere of all the other biomes and is marked by little precipitation, low temperatures, long winters, and short seasons for agricultural growth.
They are present in the Arctic circle as the temperature reaches below zero degrees celsius which can last up to ten months. It is mostly barren land and is majorly covered with willow trees, and birch trees. They receive very less amount of sunlight as they have a long winter season.
Therefore, Tundra receives less sunlight.
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Purple flowers are a dominant trait while white flowers are a recessive trait.
Explain what this difference means in terms of the alleles for flower colour.
Answer:
the dominant trait will always over role
HELP PLEASE DO NOT GIVE ME A LINK
Answer:
Hi, threre the answer is photic zone is the answer
Explanation:
the uppermost layer of a body of water that receives sunlight, allowing phytoplankton to perform photosynthesis.
Which means it has and goes through sunlight.
Hope this helps :)
The food we eat contains chemical energy. Which statement BEST explains how this energy is released?
a. Cells burn the food molecules which releases energy as heat which powers body
movements.
b. Chemical energy is directly released when eaten food is digested.
c. Cells remove and capture the energy in food molecules all at once, then store it for later
use.
d. Chemical bonds in food molecules are broken, releasing energy and allowing cells to use
the energy to make ATP.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
The chemical bonds in food molecules are broken, releasing energy and allowing cells to use the energy to make ATP. (I don't really have a better explanation, but I hope it's right xd)
A small, cold creek flows through a dense forest. The trees line the banks of the creek providing shade most of the day. Algae grow well only in a few areas of the creek that receive direct sunlight. Most of the food energy enters the ecosystem in the form of dead leaves that fall from the trees. A fire swept through the forest, burning all the leaves, but leaving the trees standing. This increased the amount of direct sunlight reaching the creek.
As a result of the fire, what increased in the creek? What type of succession will occur to open new available niches and resources?
Succession is the series of changes in an environment which results into making the environment more favorable for the organisms to live in. Pioneer species in the succession after fire will be lichens, fungi, and bacteria.
What is Ecological Succession?
Ecological Succession is the process by which the species and habitat in an area changes over time. Succession is of two types depending upon the condition of the area which are Primary Succession and Secondary Succession. Primary succession is the succession in the area where no organism ever existed whereas secondary succession is the succession in the area where life has existed once but it has been destroyed due to catastrophic activity.
The pioneer species in this area are lichen, fungi, and bacteria. The establishment of organisms in a primary succession starts with the rocks or lava flow that has been hardened, then lichen goes on to the rocks and spews acid which dissolves the rock.
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A cell is modified and all of its DNA is removed. What will be the most
immediate impact of this on the cell?
1. Look at the images below. Which two organisms do you think are most closely
related?
2. And why do you think this?
A deer and worm and turtle
Answer:
deer ans turtle
Explanation:
they both share the characteristics of four legs and a tail unlike thw worm
What phenotypes could result from the mitotic crossing over in an individual that is heterozygous for the recessive loci of singed bristles (sn), yellow cuticle (y), and bent bristles (b) given the loci are arranged as follows:
Answer: Hello your question has some missing data attached below is the missing data
answer : single spots for “b”, “sn”, and “y” ( option C )
Explanation:
During the mitotic crossing over in a heterozygous individual the phenotypes that could result are single spots for “b”, “sn”, and “y” . this is because In mitosis/mitotic crossing there is no pairing up and no swapping of chromosomal segments Hence no variations are introduced during mitosis /mitotic crossing
What is the answer to this question
Answer:
force of volcanic eruption
Place the following cell types in the order they are shown to appeared on earth
Answer:
1. Prokaryotic (about 3.5 to 3.8 billion years ago)
2. Photosynthetic (about 3.4 billion years ago)
3. Eukaryotic (about 2.7 billion years ago)
4. Aerobic (about 2.5 billion years ago)
5. Anaerobic (about 2.4 billion years ago)
6. Multicellular (about 600 million years ago)
Explanation:
I am not completely sure but my research indicates the following in chronological order from the oldest to the newest:
1. Prokaryotic (about 3.5 to 3.8 billion years ago)
2. Photosynthetic (about 3.4 billion years ago)
3. Eukaryotic (about 2.7 billion years ago)
4. Aerobic (about 2.5 billion years ago)
5. Anaerobic (about 2.4 billion years ago)
6. Multicellular (about 600 million years ago)
Disclaimer: My answer may be incorrect because I am not completely sure but I think this is right.
If you are fine with it, I would appreciate if I got the brainliest answer :)
According to the question the sequence of the cell type is as follows:
Prokaryotic (Approx 3.5 to 3.8 billion years ago) Photosynthetic (Approx 3.4 billion years ago) Eukaryotic (Approx 2.7 billion years ago) Aerobic (Approx 2.5 billion years ago) Anaerobic (Approx 2.4 billion years ago) Multicellular (Approx 600 million years ago)How did life begin and evolve on Earth?Many scientists consider that RNA, or similar to RNA, was the first molecule on Earth to self-replicate and initiate the process of evolution that led to more advanced forms of life, including human beings.
Thus, the correct sequence is that.
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on a scale of 1-10, how challenging do you find online learning? What’s going well? What are some of the challenges? What resources would make a difference?
The biggest egg is the egg of
Answer:
Kiwi bird lays the biggest eggs
Explanation:
Brainliest??? Thanks <3
A cell with 18 chromosomes undergoes the cell cycle. How many daughter cells are created? Each daughter cell has how many chromosomes? *
Answer:
Each daughter cell will also have 18 chromosomes.
The color of a mineral when it is powdered is called the streak of the mineral. Several minerals have a black streak and make it difficult to identify the mineral with the streak test alone. But a red-brown streak is not very common. We would expect ________ to produce a red-brown streak. A) graphite B) hematite EliminateC) magnitite D) pyrite
Answer:
Hematite
Explanation:
The iron content of the mineral gives it a red hue after it has spent a long time exposed to air and moisture
What are some ethical and philosophical questions that surround the issue of
genetic counseling? Might it sometimes be unwise to know ahead of time about
possible genetically linked disorders that might afflict your child or yourself?
Answer:
Genetic counseling raises concerns associated with confidentiality and privacy of the information. I consider that genetic information always is beneficial for the individual because this information can be used to determine the genetic predisposition of developing a particular inherited disease (and therefore prevent it).
Explanation:
Genetic counseling has historically been associated with concerns with confidentiality and privacy of genetic information. Genetic information about an individual such as carrier status (i.e., the presence of recessive deleterious alleles in the genome of the individual), his/her chance of developing a certain disease (e.g., cancer), or transmit this disease to his/her offspring is always stigmatizing, and therefore it must be kept confidential. In consequence, genetic information must be carefully handled by professionals because any filtration of this information may be harmful to the individual (for example, unscrupulous companies might use this information to select personal regarding the genetic predisposition to suffer inherited diseases). However, genetic information is very useful in order to determine the genetic predisposition of developing a particular inherited disease and thus take the necessary actions to prevent it (e.g., avoid high salt foods if there is a genetic predisposition of developing cardiovascular diseases).
Answer:
Um, I'm guessing you don't need this answer anymore seeing that it was posted last year.... but I think that it is good to know if you child has genetically linked disorders that might afflict your child or yourself so that you can be prepared before hand.
~Hope this helps! :)
which best describes the concept of natural selection?
A. an organism will always mutate to survive
B. The fittest organisms are selected for
C. Nature selects the organisms with the most Mutations
D. mutations make organisms more fit
Answer:
D.
Explanation:
Natural selection is the way that organisms adapt through adaptations to better survive and pass on the special genes which enable the offspring to survive. Saying an organism will always mutate to survive is wrong, as natural selection implies that not all organisms survive. With natural selection, nothing is "selected", so B and C are not correct. However, mutations DO make organisms "more fit" to survive their environments, so D is the answer.
Answer: The fittest Organisms are selected for
Explanation: Just did the test :)
Which sustainable building practice does the photograph show?
A. Replacing wilderness with buildings to reduce the absorption of
carbon dioxide
B. Reusing old bottles and cans as insulating building materials
C. Using high-density housing to conserve resources
D. Reducing fossil fuel consumption and its associated pollution
SUBMIT
Answer:
The answer is C
Explanation:
Just did it
The sustainable building practice does the photograph show is to using high-density housing to conserve resources. Therefore, option (C) is correct.
The act of caring for these resources so that all living things can benefit from them now and in the future is known as conservation. Natural resources are the source of everything we require for survival, including food, water, air, and shelter.
Recycling the resource allows us to conserve it. For instance, many items can be recycled and repurposed into new ones. Recyclable materials include paper, plastic, glass, metal, and even electronic goods.
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One way to determine the density of animals in an area is to use the mark-recapture technique. A number of individuals from a population are captured, marked so they are easily identifiable, and released back into the population. It's assumed that the captured and marked animals will randomly mingle with the rest of the population. Later, the population is re-sampled and the number of marked and unmarked animals is recorded. The following equation can then be used to estimate the size of the entire population.
Number of individual marked in first catch/Total population size, N = Number of individual marked in 2nd catch / Total number of 2nd catch
If 25 Prairie Dogs were captured, marked, and released back into their population, and then subsequently 135 Prairie Dogs were captured, of which 18 were marked, what is the approximate total population size, N?
Answer:
N = 187.55
Explanation:
Here you just need to replace the terms and clear the equation.
You already know that,
First capture: 25 prairie dogs.First marked animals: 25 (the whole first capture)You let these animals leave and then you made another capture.
Second capture: 135 prairie dogsAlready Marked animals: 18 (these 18 dogs were caught in the first capture and marked before releasing them)To know the size of the prairie dogs population you just need to use the following equation and clear N, which is the value that you are looking for.
Number of individual marked in first catch/Total population size, N = Number of individual marked in 2nd catch / Total number of 2nd catch
Number of individual marked in first catch = 25 dogsTotal population size, N = this is what we want to knowNumber of individual marked in 2nd catch = 18 dogsTotal number of 2nd catch = 135 dogsSo now, we need to replace terms
25 / N = 18 / 135
25 / N = 0.1333
N = 25 / 0.1333
N = 187.55
Choose the option that best matches the description given.
the study of the frequency, distribution, cause, and control of disorders in populations:
Answer:
Epidemiology
Explanation:
I just looked up the definition of epidemiology and the definition was the question, word for word. So like trust me, it's accurate.
Anyways, I hope this helps.
In the United States, there has been an increase in the number of people infected by mosquito spread diseases that were previously found only in countries
south of the United States. Scientists want to investigate the cause of the increase in mosquito-bome diseases. Scientists have predicted that the mosquitos
carrying disease have moved further north as global temperatures have increased. Which information would be most useful to their investigation?
O A. Meteorologists' annual temperatures of all the major cities in the US for the last ten years.
O B. Population data from the CDC that ranges over several years for mosquitoes that spread disease.
o
C. A report from the Center for Disease Control (CDC) of mosquito spread diseases and their symptoms.
OD. A collection of test results for different vaccines used to prevent mosquito carriab diseases.
Answer:
b
Explanation:
Which of the following could alter the expression of genes in an organism?
Select one:
Large numbers of cells being produced at one time.
The deactivation of a particular chromosome in the nucleus.
The loss of cytoplasm from inside of the cell.
A change in the sequence of nitrogen bases in the DNA.
Why would it be difficult for the motion of the Earth to suddenly change?
Answer:
The good news is that if the Earth's rotation stopped, we wouldn't fall off.
Studies show that exposure to toxic environments as a child __________.
A)
may have lasting health effects
B)
contributes to deliquent behavior risks
C)
may not show any effect until adulthood
D)
increases in the risk of certain childhood disorders
E)
all of the above
Answer:
E) All of the above
Hope this helps!
--Applepi101
Answer:
All of the above
Explanation:
All of these are major effects for children, if they get exposed to toxic enviornment these are all possible effects.
How does de-icing roads with salt negatively impact the environment? a. The road salt attracts deer that are then hit by motor vehicles. b. It removes necessary salt from the local water courses. c. The high salinity of the surface runoff is harmful to freshwater ecosystems. d. The salt harbors salt eating bacteria that are toxic to animals.
Answer:
c. The high salinity of the surface runoff is harmful to freshwater ecosystems
Explanation:
Looks the most plausible!
The negative effects of deicing roads is that the high salinity of the surface runoff is harmful to freshwater ecosystems.
What is deicing of roads?Deicing refers to the process whereby certain substances are used on the road to melt ice found on the road.
Deicing of roads is usually done with salts which lowers the freezing point of water, thus melting the ice.
The negative effects of deicing roads is that the high salinity of the surface runoff is harmful to freshwater ecosystems.
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