Consumer psychology is a field of study that focuses on the study of consumer behavior. It seeks to understand how consumers think, feel, and behave in the marketplace. The study of consumer psychology is important for businesses because it helps them to develop effective marketing strategies that will appeal to their target audience.
Here are some real-world experiences that relate to consumer psychology:
1. Product Packaging: The packaging of a product can significantly influence a consumer's purchasing decision. For instance, packaging design can be used to appeal to the emotional and sensory aspects of a consumer's decision-making process.
2. Advertising: Advertising is another aspect of consumer psychology that businesses use to influence consumers' buying behavior. Advertising can be used to create an emotional connection with consumers and persuade them to buy a product or service.
3. Sales and Discounts: Sales and discounts are also powerful motivators for consumers. They often create a sense of urgency, which can lead to impulsive buying decisions.
4. Brand Loyalty: Brand loyalty is another aspect of consumer psychology. Consumers often develop strong emotional connections to certain brands, which can influence their purchasing decisions.
5. Social Influence: Social influence is another important aspect of consumer psychology. Consumers are often influenced by the opinions and behaviors of their peers, family members, and friends.
In conclusion, consumer psychology plays a significant role in our day-to-day lives as consumers. The real-world experiences highlighted above demonstrate how businesses use consumer psychology to influence our purchasing behavior. Understanding consumer psychology can help consumers make informed purchasing decisions and avoid being manipulated by marketing strategies.
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Q3 You are a general manager of a dairy company. You received customer complaint about the milk turned stale within short period of time after the carton is opened. This problem could be due to many reasons from the manufacturing process to the delivery process. (a) Suggest a management concept to deal with this problem. (1 marks) (b) Based on the management concept you have suggested, explain the phases that you will use to overcome the problem of stale milk delivery. (9 marks)
To address the problem of milk turning stale within a short period of time after the carton is opened, I would implement a Total Quality Management (TQM) approach.
The phases I would follow to overcome the problem of stale milk delivery are as follows:
1. **Identify the Issue**: Conduct a thorough investigation to identify the specific causes of the milk turning stale. This may involve analyzing the manufacturing process, storage conditions, transportation methods, and handling practices.
2. **Root Cause Analysis**: Use tools such as Fishbone Diagrams or 5 Whys to determine the root causes of the problem. This analysis will help pinpoint the key areas that need improvement.
3. **Process Improvement**: Implement necessary changes in the manufacturing, packaging, and delivery processes to ensure the freshness and quality of the milk. This may involve adjusting temperature controls, improving packaging materials, optimizing distribution routes, or enhancing handling protocols.
4. **Supplier Collaboration**: Collaborate with milk suppliers to ensure that the milk is of high quality when it arrives at the production facility. Establish strict quality control measures and conduct regular audits to monitor and maintain the freshness of the raw milk.
5. **Training and Education**: Provide comprehensive training to employees involved in the production, packaging, and distribution of the milk. This will ensure they understand the importance of maintaining freshness and are equipped with the necessary knowledge and skills to handle the product properly.
6. **Continuous Monitoring**: Implement a robust quality assurance program to continuously monitor the freshness of the milk throughout its lifecycle. This may include regular testing, sensory evaluations, and feedback from customers to identify any potential issues and take immediate corrective actions.
7. **Customer Communication**: Maintain open lines of communication with customers to gather feedback, address concerns, and inform them about the steps taken to resolve the issue. This will help build trust and confidence in the company's commitment to delivering fresh milk.
8. **Continuous Improvement**: Establish a culture of continuous improvement, where feedback and data are collected and analyzed to drive further enhancements in the milk production and delivery processes. Regularly review and update the procedures to ensure optimal freshness and customer satisfaction.
By following these phases, the dairy company can effectively address the problem of stale milk delivery and ensure that customers receive fresh and high-quality milk.
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Given readings are The Blue Collar Brilliance by Mike Rose and Hillbily Elegy by J.D. Vance
Read all the way through taking notes on places where the author is using elements of Narrative as Rhetorical Mode to support the main point of their article. For students looking for an advanced challenge, check out this extensive list of narrative techniques (Links to an external site.) provided by the Project Gutenberg website. Look for articles that you think do either an exceptional or not-so-great job using narrative techniques in an effective way to support their ideas.
List your two selected readings at the top of your submission so I know which ones to focus on while I grade your work.
The given readings are "The Blue Collar Brilliance" by Mike Rose and "Hillbilly Elegy" by J.D. Vance. Both of these authors use elements of Narrative as Rhetorical Mode to support the main point of their article.
In "The Blue Collar Brilliance," Mike Rose utilizes the rhetorical mode of narration in many different ways to support the central argument of the piece, which is that the intelligence required to excel in blue-collar jobs is often overlooked by society. Rose uses narrative techniques such as anecdotes and storytelling to add depth to his arguments, provide real-life examples of workers' experiences, and showcase the importance of blue-collar work. Rose uses stories of people like his mother, who worked in a factory for many years, to show that blue-collar workers possess a type of intelligence that is not valued by society.
J.D. Vance, the author of "Hillbilly Elegy," uses narrative techniques to support the central argument that the cultural and economic conditions of the white working class in Appalachia lead to a cycle of poverty and lack of upward mobility. Vance uses personal anecdotes and storytelling to provide readers with a window into the world of working-class Appalachian life. Vance's use of anecdotes to show the different challenges faced by people in this community, such as drug addiction, economic hardship, and family turmoil, helps the reader to empathize with the characters and understand the broader societal issues that impact this community. Vance also uses repetition and allusion to connect these individual stories to larger cultural trends and patterns.
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All of the following statements about inclusive education are true except one. Which statement is FALSE? Select one: a. Without the expertise of circulating special ed teachers, inclusive education can not be successful. b. Many schools dump children with disabilities onto teachers and call it inclusive education. c. Inclusive education attends to the social and emotional needs as well as the academic needs of children with disabilities. d. Having children with severe disabilities in a normal classroom will bring down the education of the other children without disabilities.
The false statement is:
d. Having children with severe disabilities in a normal classroom will bring down the education of the other children without disabilities.
Inclusive education aims to provide equal educational opportunities and support to students with disabilities by integrating them into regular classrooms alongside their peers without disabilities. Research and experience have shown that inclusive education, when implemented effectively, benefits all students involved. It promotes diversity, fosters empathy and understanding, and enhances social and emotional development.
The other statements are true:
a. Without the expertise of circulating special ed teachers, inclusive education can not be successful. Inclusive education often requires the support and guidance of specialized educators who can provide additional resources, accommodations, and strategies to meet the unique needs of students with disabilities.
b. Many schools dump children with disabilities onto teachers and call it inclusive education. Unfortunately, some schools may claim to practice inclusive education without providing adequate support or resources for students with disabilities, which can lead to an inadequate implementation of inclusive practices.
c. Inclusive education attends to the social and emotional needs as well as the academic needs of children with disabilities. Inclusive education recognizes that students with disabilities require not only academic support but also social and emotional support to thrive in the educational setting. It promotes a holistic approach to education that addresses the diverse needs of all students.
It is important to ensure that inclusive education is implemented with proper support, resources, and commitment to creating an inclusive and supportive environment for all students, regardless of their abilities. When implemented effectively, inclusive education can provide numerous benefits and opportunities for all students involved.
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A) What is the relationship between the Bureaucracy and the People of the United States?
b) How does Max Weber deal with concepts like administrative discretion, agency capture, iron triangles and issue networks? Would he describe these in positive terms or negative terms?
c) Max Weber wrote about Bureaucracy in Germany over 100 years ago so he probably did not anticipate the kind of technology that we have today. Is there a seventh rule that you could add to the list; a rule that would improve the Bureaucracy?
a) Relationship between the bureaucracy and people of United StatesBureaucracy is a form of governance that includes government departments and agencies that take decisions on behalf of the country. The bureaucracy is a set of individuals who are responsible for carrying out the rules and regulations passed by the government.
The people of the United States interact with the bureaucracy in different ways, such as by filing tax returns, applying for government jobs, obtaining passports, and more. The relationship between the bureaucracy and the people of the United States can be seen as a two-way process, as the people of the United States expect the government to take action that is in the best interest of the nation. Similarly, the bureaucracy needs the people of the United States to comply with the rules and regulations that are put in place.
b) Max Weber's concepts Max Weber’s work on bureaucracy is an important contribution to the study of governance. He dealt with the concepts of administrative discretion, agency capture, iron triangles, and issue networks as follows:
Administrative Discretion: It is the power of government officials to make decisions on behalf of the government in a particular situation. Weber described it in positive terms as it helps the officials to make quick decisions and ensure efficient functioning of the government.
Agency Capture: It is the process by which the agency becomes dominated by the interests of the regulated industry. Weber described this in negative terms as it compromises the agency's objectivity and harms the government's overall functioning.
Iron Triangle: It is a relationship between an agency, the interest group, and the congressional committee that is involved in developing policy in the specific area. Weber described it in negative terms as it creates vested interests that do not necessarily align with the overall interest of the government.
Issue Networks: It is a group of individuals and organizations that work together to address a particular policy issue. Weber described it in positive terms as it enables policy formation in a collaborative manner.
c) Seventh rule to improve the bureaucracy: Given the modern-day technological advancements and the need for the government to be more transparent, there is a seventh rule that could be added to improve the bureaucracy. This rule is "The bureaucracy should make use of modern technology to increase efficiency, transparency and accountability. "The government can implement technology like the use of blockchain, machine learning, and artificial intelligence to help make decision-making more efficient and transparent. The government can also use technology to keep track of the work done by the bureaucracy, thereby increasing accountability.
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All of the following statements about the nativist side of the language development debate are true except one. Which statement is FALSE? Select one: a. Biological predisposition to learn language helps to explain why language is learned so very fast with little direct teaching. b. Chomsky believed that language evolved due to innate capacities of the brain called LAD (language acquisition device). c. Babbling appears to be universal despite different language heritages. d. LAD considers the social contexts of language.
The false statement is d. LAD considers the social contexts of language.
The nativist side of the language development debate, particularly Chomsky's theory of Universal Grammar and the Language Acquisition Device (LAD), focuses on the biological and innate aspects of language acquisition. According to this perspective, children possess an innate capacity for language and are biologically predisposed to acquire language with minimal direct teaching.
The LAD is seen as a hypothetical cognitive mechanism that allows children to grasp the rules and structures of language effortlessly. Babbling, the early vocalizations made by infants, is considered a universal phenomenon regardless of the specific language heritage. However, the nativist perspective does not give significant emphasis to the social contexts of language learning and the influence of social interactions on language development. It primarily emphasizes the internal cognitive mechanisms and biological factors involved in language acquisition.
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the proposal/ Program-Hand Up Assistance (HUA)in the United States ," program to provide a one-time cash grant of up to $5,000 to households, to be used to pay for a range of possible expenses—including rent, utilities, health care, food, vocational training, childcare, and any other expense that would provide households with a "hand up to a better future.o households that can demonstrate a financial need for such assistance, with members who are U.S. citizens or legal permanent residents and pass a drug test. The proposal also calls for the program to be funded through federal-government block grants provided to states, which would then use these funds to design and operate their own HUA programs within broad federal guidelines.
QUESTION- What recommendation can be made to the organization (the American Institute for Social Welfare Policy) to support this proposal with detailed, convincing arguments in favor of the policy proposal
The American Institute for Social Welfare Policy should support the "Hand Up Assistance" (HUA) program proposal due to its potential to provide immediate financial relief, promote self-sufficiency, and stimulate economic growth.
The "Hand Up Assistance" program presents a valuable opportunity for the American Institute for Social Welfare Policy to advocate for a comprehensive approach to addressing poverty and inequality in the United States.
By providing a one-time cash grant, the program can offer immediate relief to households struggling with financial burdens, such as rent, healthcare, and vocational training. This assistance can have a positive impact on individuals' well-being, allowing them to access vital resources and improve their prospects for a better future.
Additionally, the HUA program's focus on self-sufficiency aligns with the organization's mission to promote sustainable solutions to social issues. By supporting households in meeting their immediate needs, the program enables individuals to invest in their education, job training, and childcare, fostering long-term independence and reducing reliance on government assistance.
Furthermore, the proposal's funding mechanism through federal-government block grants empowers states to tailor the HUA program to their specific contexts and needs. This flexibility promotes local innovation and responsiveness, ensuring that assistance reaches those who require it most effectively.
The federal guidelines provide a framework for accountability and oversight while allowing for customization based on regional disparities and varying economic conditions.
In conclusion, endorsing the "Hand Up Assistance" program aligns with the American Institute for Social Welfare Policy's commitment to addressing poverty and inequality. By highlighting the program's potential for immediate relief, self-sufficiency promotion, and the effectiveness of block grants, the organization can present compelling arguments in favor of supporting the policy proposal.
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1. What is the history of voting overall and in Texas? 2. Discuss the various measures utilized to ""suppress"" citizens' historical access to voting 3. Discuss the recent state voting legislation passed in August 2021 by the Texas Legislature and the implications of it on the 2022 primaries and general election and beyond.
History of voting overall and in Texas: The history of voting in the United States began with the adoption of the U.S. Constitution in 1787. It wasn't until the 15th Amendment was ratified in 1870 that voting rights were extended to African American men, and then the 19th Amendment in 1920 granted women the right to vote.
Measures utilized to suppress citizens' historical access to voting: Throughout history, various measures have been used to suppress citizens' access to voting. These include poll taxes, literacy tests, and other discriminatory policies that targeted specific groups of people, such as African Americans and women.
Recent state voting legislation passed in August 2021 by the Texas Legislature and implications on 2022 primaries and general election: In August 2021, the Texas Legislature passed a controversial voting bill that includes provisions to restrict mail-in and early voting, as well as increase penalties for election officials who violate state voting laws. The bill has been criticized for its potential to suppress voting rights, particularly among communities of color and low-income voters.
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Richard’s thoughts return to the lake and the drowned man numerous times in the course of the novel. What is the significance of the drowned man for Richard and for the novel as a whole?
The drowned man holds significant symbolism and meaning. He represents death, reminding the characters of their mortality and the transient nature of life. The image serves as a reminder of guilt and the consequences of the characters' actions.
The drowned man in the novel The Secret History by Donna Tartt holds significant symbolism and meaning for Richard and the overall narrative.
1. Symbol of death: The drowned man represents death and mortality throughout the novel. Richard contemplates the man's tragic fate, emphasizing the fleeting nature of life and the certainty of death. The presence of the drowned man serves as a reminder to the characters that life is transient and death is an unavoidable reality.
2. Reminder of Richard's mortality: As a character fascinated by ancient Greek philosophy and the classics, Richard sees parallels between himself and the drowned man. The image of the lifeless body on the shore prompts Richard to confront his own mortality and contemplate his place in the world. This realization sparks introspection and a deeper understanding of his own existence.
3. Representation of guilt and consequences: The group of students, including Richard, commits a murder in the story. The drowned man symbolizes the weight of guilt they bear for their crime. While the characters attempt to suppress their guilt and move forward, the sight of the drowned man serves as a constant reminder of the consequences of their actions and the moral burden they carry.
4. Catalyst for character development: The presence of the drowned man acts as a catalyst for Richard's personal growth throughout the novel. Witnessing the drowned man and reflecting on his fate prompts Richard to question his own choices and the path he has taken. This realization serves as a turning point for his character, leading to introspection, growth, and ultimately, his departure from the group.
In The Secret History, the drowned man holds significant symbolism and meaning. He represents death, reminding the characters of their mortality and the transient nature of life. The image serves as a reminder of guilt and the consequences of the characters' actions, influencing their emotional and moral journeys. Additionally, the drowned man acts as a catalyst for Richard's character development, sparking introspection and leading to personal growth. The presence of the drowned man contributes to the exploration of themes and adds depth to the narrative of the novel.
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Question 13 (1 point) John takes photos because it is his job and he wants to make money. Myles takes photos because he loves taking photos, John is displaying ---Myles is displaying A growth mindset:
The term that fills in the blank in the given question is a fixed mindset. John is displaying a fixed mindset, while Myles is displaying a growth mindset.
A fixed mindset is a view that individuals have about themselves that they cannot improve or modify their skills or abilities. People with a fixed mindset believe that their intelligence, talent, and personality are predetermined and unchangeable.
In comparison, individuals with a growth mindset believe that their abilities and talents can be improved through effort, dedication, and hard work.
They consider setbacks and failures as opportunities to learn and expand their abilities and knowledge. People with a growth mindset are more likely to take on challenges and persevere through adversity because they have a positive outlook on their ability to improve.
Therefore, in the given question, John is displaying a fixed mindset, while Myles is displaying a growth mindset.
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Question 36 In idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), thrombocytes are mainly destroyed in the spleen owing to an immune mechanism. Why, therefore, is there no splenic enlargement as there is with
In idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), the immune-mediated destruction of platelets mainly takes place in the spleen.
However, unlike other conditions characterized by splenic sequestration of blood cells, ITP does not usually result in splenic enlargement. This can be attributed to the specific nature of platelet destruction in ITP. In ITP, platelets are targeted and destroyed by autoantibodies produced by the immune system. This process occurs within the red pulp of the spleen, where macrophages phagocytize the antibody-coated platelets.
Unlike conditions involving the sequestration of intact blood cells, the destruction of platelets in ITP does not lead to significant splenic enlargement.
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Complete Question:
In idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), thrombocytes are mainly destroyed in the spleen owing to an immune mechanism. Why, therefore, is there no splenic enlargement as there is with other conditions involving splenic sequestration of blood cells?"
In idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), the destruction of thrombocytes (platelets) primarily occurs in the spleen due to an immune mechanism. However, unlike other conditions involving splenic sequestration of blood cells, ITP does not typically cause splenic enlargement. The question seeks to understand the reason behind this discrepancy.
Sociology: Think about the social control that guides behavior on your college campus. Come up with an example of a formal social sanction and an informal social sanction that students are expected to abide by.
Social control is a sociological concept that refers to mechanisms employed to regulate the behavior of individuals in society to conform to established social norms, values, and expectations.
College campuses have a set of rules and social norms to maintain the institution's order, so students have to follow both formal and informal sanctions. Sanctions are negative or positive reactions to the behaviors of students that encourage or discourage conformity to social norms. Formal social sanctions are explicit rules that are officially recorded, while informal sanctions are unspoken but widely accepted rules within the campus community.
An example of a formal social sanction is the code of conduct for the college. A code of conduct is an official set of rules and expectations for behavior that applies to all students. It is formal because it is written down and explicitly stated, and it is sanctioned by the college administration. Students who violate the code of conduct may face disciplinary actions like suspension or expulsion from the college.
An example of an informal social sanction is a dress code. The dress code is a widely accepted set of clothing styles that are considered appropriate for college students to wear. The dress code is not officially recorded, but students are aware of it and expected to conform to it. Students who wear inappropriate clothing may face social rejection or ostracism from their peers, which can be a powerful motivator to conform to the dress code.
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In the last seven lines of the poem you have the only direct commentary by the poet on the scene. The commentary is self-contradictory and built up around these images of the city streets, images that make him feel deep pity for human sufferings, for the suffering of the gentle innocent, as one might pity the prostitute or the wretchedly poor of the great city.
The poet deliberately keeps himself out of the first three "Preludes" and instead introduces himself in the final one. Comment on the effect of this shift.
The shift in the poet's introduction in the final "Prelude" creates a contrasting effect by bringing the poet's perspective and commentary into the poem. It adds a personal and introspective dimension to the preceding descriptions of the city streets, allowing the poet to express his deep pity and empathy for human suffering.
In the first three "Preludes," the poet deliberately keeps himself out of the narrative, focusing solely on the descriptions of the city streets and the scenes unfolding within them. This absence of the poet's presence creates a sense of detachment and objectivity, as if the reader is simply observing the city and its inhabitants.
However, in the final "Prelude," the poet introduces himself, providing a shift in perspective. By including his own commentary on the scene, the poet adds a subjective element to the poem. This shift allows the poet to express his emotional response and empathy towards the human suffering depicted in the city streets. It creates a more personal and introspective tone, deepening the reader's understanding of the poet's perspective and adding a layer of empathy and compassion to the poem.
The contrast between the detached observations of the city in the first three "Preludes" and the poet's direct commentary in the final one enhances the impact of the poet's emotional response. It highlights the poet's sensitivity and his ability to connect with the sufferings of the people depicted in the poem. This shift adds depth and complexity to the overall portrayal of the cityscape and human condition, evoking a stronger emotional response from the reader.
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This sought to control the spread of homosexuality, juvenile delinquent behaviors, dark fantasies, and unwholesome thought created by the Comic Book industry O Comic Censure-ship Collation O MPAA Rating system O Comic Code Authority O Hay's Code
The Comic Code Authority (CCA) was formed in 1954 by the Comics Magazine Association of America (CMAA), a trade association of comic book publishers. The Correct option is D
The CCA was created to regulate the content of comic books to protect children from harmful material such as depictions of violence, drug use, and sexual themes that were deemed inappropriate. As a result, the CCA implemented a set of strict guidelines that comic book publishers had to adhere to in order to obtain CCA approval for their comics.
This sought to control the spread of homosexuality, juvenile delinquent behaviors, dark fantasies, and unwholesome thought created by the Comic Book industry.The comic code censure-ship coalition is not a real term or organization, so it is not the answer. The MPAA rating system and Hays Code both pertain to the regulation of movies, not comic books. The Correct option is D
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How does Persepolis show the ruler’s power? Compare or contrast
that display of power with at least one other artwork we’ve studied
this chapter.
In Persepolis, the graphic novel by Marjane Satrapi, the ruler's power is depicted through various visual elements and narrative techniques.
One significant way in which the ruler's power is shown is through the portrayal of grand architecture and monumental structures, such as the imposing Persepolis palace complex. These architectural symbols represent the ruler's authority, wealth, and dominance over the Persian Empire. The use of bold and detailed illustrations in Persepolis emphasizes the magnificence and scale of the ruler's power.
In contrast, when comparing Persepolis with another artwork studied in this chapter, we can examine Francisco Goya's "The Third of May 1808." In this painting, Goya depicts the execution of Spanish civilians by French soldiers during the Peninsular War. While Persepolis showcases the ruler's power through opulent architecture and symbols, Goya's artwork reveals the exercise of power through violent suppression. The painting captures the brutal act of oppression, emphasizing the overwhelming force of the soldiers and the vulnerability of the helpless civilians. It serves as a stark portrayal of the ruler's power through fear, violence, and control.
Both Persepolis and Goya's "The Third of May 1808" demonstrate different aspects of the ruler's power. While Persepolis highlights the ruler's authority through architectural grandeur, Goya's artwork focuses on the ruthless exercise of power through violent oppression. Both artworks provide unique perspectives on the display and consequences of power, showcasing the impact it has on individuals and society as a whole.
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Q1: Explain What's Deja vu? (definition, theories and example) n.Itheories How can memory be enhanced with aging? (Give at least five tips in details) -
Deja vu is the sensation or impression that you've already witnessed or experienced something in the past. It is a familiar experience of an event, which is seen as if it has already been experienced in the past. The feeling is often associated with a sense of familiarity or recollection and is frequently reported in healthy people when they visit a place that they've never been before.
According to the scientific perspective, there is no one theory that completely explains the phenomenon of déjà vu. However, some of the theories are as follows:
Neurological theory: According to this theory, the experience of déjà vu is due to an abnormality in the temporal lobe of the brain. The temporal lobe is the part of the brain that is responsible for processing sensory input, forming and retrieving memories, and making decisions.
Psychological theory: According to this theory, déjà vu is a phenomenon that occurs due to the memory of an event that is triggered by a similar current event. Example: Mary walked into a building and had an immediate sense of déjà vu as she looked around the entranceway. She couldn't quite put her finger on why, but she knew that she had been there before.
How can memory be enhanced with aging? Aging is a natural process that can lead to a decline in cognitive function, including memory. However, there are several tips to enhance memory with aging, and some of them are as follows:
1. Get enough sleep: Sleep is essential for consolidating memory and enhancing the brain's ability to store information. Therefore, it is essential to get adequate sleep to improve memory.
2. Stay physically active: Regular exercise increases blood flow to the brain, which promotes the growth of new neurons and helps to preserve memory function.
3. Socialize: Engaging in social activities, such as joining a club or volunteering, can enhance memory performance.
4. Reduce stress: Chronic stress can cause damage to the brain and impair memory function. Therefore, reducing stress levels can improve memory performance.
5. Eat a healthy diet: A healthy diet that is rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein can enhance memory function by providing essential nutrients that are necessary for brain function.
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During the exposure sessions of treatment for Social Anxiety Disorder, which of the following is NOT one of the steps in the protocol for exposure pre-processing?
Group of answer choices
Negotiate details of exposure
Elicit automatic thoughts
Review use of rational responses
Client labels thinking errors in automatic thoughts
During the exposure sessions of treatment for Social Anxiety Disorder, "Negotiate details of exposure" is NOT one of the steps in the protocol for exposure pre-processing.
Exposure therapy is a type of psychological therapy in which people are exposed to certain stimuli that elicit anxiety or panic. This type of therapy is usually used to treat anxiety disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and phobias, as well as other psychological disorders.
The purpose of exposure therapy is to help people overcome their fears and anxieties by gradually exposing them to the feared stimuli and allowing them to confront their fears. It is a step-by-step process that is carefully planned and monitored by a trained therapist.
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Are the following premises independent ou joint?
(P1)If you let your son smoke marijuana, it will affect his mental and physical health
(P2)Your son will want to try stronger drugs and will not be able to stop
(C)That's how you get addicted in the end
The premises in the given argument are joint premises, not independent premises. A joint premise is a proposition that is dependent upon another proposition to make an argument valid.
A joint premise is a statement that relies on another statement to be true in order to create a valid argument. A joint premise is dependent on another premise for its validity.In the given argument, P1 and P2 are joint premises, as they rely on each other to create a coherent argument.
The conclusion is reached as a result of the combined effect of both premises.P1: If you let your son smoke marijuana, it will affect his mental and physical health.P2: Your son will want to try stronger drugs and will not be able to stop.C: That's how you get addicted in the end. Therefore, the argument is based on the joint premises of P1 and P2. If any of the premises are missing or false, the conclusion will not be valid.
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The is vital in storing new information even if one can retrieve old information without it O a. pineal gland b. hippocampus Oc nephron O d. hypothalamus
The hippocampus is vital in storing new information even if one can retrieve old information without it.
What is the hippocampus? The hippocampus is a region of the brain that is part of the limbic system, which is responsible for a range of functions, including emotion, behavior, and long-term memory.The hippocampus is responsible for encoding and storing long-term memories, as well as spatial navigation, among other functions. It is the first portion of the brain that is damaged in Alzheimer's disease, which is a common cause of dementia in older people.
The hippocampus is involved in forming new memories and is critical in learning and consolidating new information into long-term memory. This process is known as memory consolidation.The other options mentioned in the question are not associated with memory, but they have other important functions:
Pineal gland: a small endocrine gland that secretes melatonin, which helps regulate the sleep-wake cycle.
Nephron: the basic unit of the kidney that is responsible for filtering waste from the blood and producing urine.
Hypothalamus: a region of the brain that regulates basic bodily functions such as hunger, thirst, and body temperature. It is also involved in the production and regulation of hormones.
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Question 26 1.4 pts Which of the following is an example of bureaucracy consistently applying abstract rules? The odds of passing a driver's license test is partially determined by how polite the applicant is to the bureaucrat administering the test Politicians and their family members are sometimes able to avoid parking or speeding tickets on the basis of their connections A social welfare case worker decides on the basis of their best judgment that an applicant is deserving of benefits Anyone seeking federal student aid to attend college must fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA)
An example of bureaucracy consistently applying abstract rules is D. Anyone seeking federal student aid to attend college must fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid.
How is this an abstract rule ?In this case, the rule is clear and applies to all individuals seeking federal student aid. The process of applying for student aid is standardized and requires every applicant to fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) form.
The decision-making process in this case is based on the objective criteria provided by the completed application, such as financial information, rather than subjective judgments or personal connections. Therefore, it exemplifies the consistent application of abstract rules by the bureaucracy.
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Gender Socialization - Children learn at a young age that there are distinct expectations for boys and girls. Cross-cultural studies reveal that children are aware of gender roles by age two or three. At four or five, most children are firmly entrenched in culturally appropriate gender roles (Kane 1996).
Children acquire these roles through socialization, a process in which people learn to behave in a particular way as dictated by societal values, beliefs, and attitudes. For example, society often views riding a motorcycle as a masculine activity and, therefore, considers it to be part of the male gender role. Attitudes such as this are typically based on stereotypes, oversimplified notions about members of a group.
Gender socialization occurs through four major agents of socialization: family, education, peer groups, and mass media.
Gender socialization occurs through family, education, peer groups, and mass media, as children learn and internalize distinct gender roles and expectations in society.
What are the key agents of gender socialization?Gender socialization is a process through which children learn and internalize the distinct expectations and roles associated with being a boy or a girl in a particular society. It begins at a young age, with cross-cultural studies indicating that children become aware of gender roles by the age of two or three.
By the age of four or five, most children have firmly established themselves within the culturally appropriate gender roles.
The process of gender socialization is influenced by several key agents: family, education, peer groups, and mass media.
1. Family: The family is often the primary agent of gender socialization. Children learn about gender roles through observations of their parents and other family members. For example, they may observe their fathers engaging in activities traditionally associated with masculinity, such as fixing cars, while their mothers may be engaged in activities traditionally associated with femininity, such as cooking and cleaning.
These observations shape children's understanding of what is considered appropriate behavior for boys and girls.
2. Education: Education also plays a significant role in gender socialization. Schools and teachers contribute to the reinforcement of gender norms through various means, including curriculum materials, classroom activities, and teacher expectations.
For instance, textbooks may depict male characters as active and assertive, while female characters may be portrayed as passive and nurturing. Teachers may unintentionally treat boys and girls differently, giving more attention or opportunities to one gender over the other.
3. Peer Groups: Peer groups, consisting of friends and peers, play a crucial role in shaping gender socialization. Children often seek approval and acceptance from their peers, and conforming to gender norms can be an important part of fitting in.
Peer groups may reinforce gender stereotypes through their interactions and expectations. For example, boys may encourage each other to engage in rough play, while girls may reinforce nurturing and cooperative behaviors.
4. Mass Media: Mass media, including television, movies, advertisements, and online platforms, are powerful agents of gender socialization. Media representations often reinforce gender stereotypes by depicting males and females in traditional roles and emphasizing certain characteristics or behaviors associated with each gender.
For instance, action movies tend to feature male protagonists, while commercials may target girls with messages related to beauty and appearance.
It's important to note that gender socialization can perpetuate inequality and limit individual choices and opportunities. By understanding the influence of these agents, we can work towards challenging and expanding the narrow definitions of gender roles, promoting equality, and creating a more inclusive society.
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Part of the leadership task in mobilizing organizational energy behind the drive for good strategy execution entails nurturing a results-oriented work climate, where performance standards are high and a spirit of achievement is pervasive. Discuss the leadership actions and responsibilities of strategic leadership that the CEO, Erik Venter at Comair could utilise to successfully lead the effort in strategy execution. FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT 1 [100 Marks] Comair flies high after efficiency strategy pays off Comair announced on Tuesday that it has achieved record earnings for the financial year ended June 302018 , despite challenging trade conditions. Profit after tax was R326m, up R29m compared to the prior financial year. This marks 72 years of uninterrupted profitable operations. A final gross cash dividend of 17 cents per ordinary share was approved. During the past financial year its non-airline business contributed 25% to net profit before tax. Earnings per share (EPS) increased by 10% to 69.8 cents per share, while headline earnings per share (HEPS) increased by 4% to 69.5 cents per share. During the previous financial year EPS was 63.7 cents per share and HEPS 67.0 cents per share. The challenging conditions during the financial year included poor economic growth in SA; rising fuel prices; and surplus capacity in the SA domestic airline market. Comair's main business is scheduled and non-scheduled airline services within SA, sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and the Indian Ocean Islands. It operates under its low-fare airline brand kulula.com, as well as under the British Airways livery, as part of a license agreement. In addition, Comair has a catering service; domestic and international airport lounges; and a training centre. Comair CEO Erik Venter told Fin24 they anticipated in the past that oil prices would increase again. That is why it followed a strategy of upgrading its fleet over the past five years to more fuel-efficient aircraft. This strategy is increasingly paying off, widening the gap with competitors, in his view. Comair currently buys about 17 million litres of jet fuel per month and Venter estimates it saves about 6% to 7% on its total fuel burn thanks to the new aircraft. Once the next generation Boeing 737MAX aircraft is incorporated in the Comair fleet as from January 2019, Venter anticipated the airline will use about 17% less fuel per flight than a year ago. Taking into account the extra seats offered on the new aircraft, he estimates that the fuel burn per seat will be 35% less than on the aircraft being replaced. "This is a long-term game and currently the higher fuel price is giving us more edge over our competitors," he said. Surplus capacity Venter explained that the surplus capacity in the domestic airline market was caused by the expansion of the low-cost airline industry over the past three years, while the demand for low-cost air travel did not grow. "Over the last three months, as economic pressure grew - especially due to fuel price increases - some airlines have been cutting airfares to try and grow revenue. We see a bit of desperation in the market at the moment," said Venter. He added that, while profits for the year were good, Comair is still not achieving the margins that will allow for the optimum pace of upgrading its fleet. He foresees that the weak SA economy will maintain pressure on consumer spending, while the oversupply of seats in the domestic airline market suppresses pricing across most routes. At the same time, he regards Comair as well placed to operate in these difficult conditions, thanks to its strong brands, committed staff, effective equipment, an efficient cost base and strong cash reserves. Furthermore, its diversification strategy into non-airline business yields comparatively higher margins and is less capital intensive than the airline segment. Skills shortage According to Venter, there is a broad shortage of skills in Africa in the aviation industry and it is expected to get worse over the next few years as many skilled technicians start to retire. That is why Comair sees a market for creating these skills at its academy. There is already a lot of interest from international companies operating in SA. As for its flight operations, Comair plans to stick to what it currently offers until the economy improves. Asked about his view on the situation at state-owned airlines SAA and SA Express, Venter said these airlines have hard challenges ahead. "It seems as if people internally at these airlines do not want to see change as they benefit from the way things are.
Leadership actions and strategic leadership responsibilities that the CEO, Erik Venter of Comair, could use to successfully lead the effort in executing the strategy could be improving communication, employee rewards, supportive leadership, etc.
What is effective leadership?It corresponds to the one where the leader is able to understand his team in a meaningful way, that is, its capabilities and needs and manages, through his example, support and monitoring, to achieve significant changes in the culture of the team, improving the quality of work, motivation and productivity.
Therefore, analyzing this case study, we see that the leader must seek to reduce resistance to changes and gain the trust of his subordinates through honest communication, team integration, valuing people, etc.
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What is an acceptable reason for a new federal bureaucratic organization to be created as an independent executive agency?
A) congress wants to limit the president's influence over it.
B) it performs tasks that are very similar to an executive departments.
C) the president does not consider its activities a high priority.
D) it deals mostly with issues handled by the judicial branch.
correct answer is A)
An acceptable reason for a new federal bureaucratic organization to be created as an independent executive agency is when it performs tasks that are very similar to executive departments. so, the correct choice is option b.
The creation of a new federal bureaucratic organization as an independent executive agency is justified when it carries out tasks that are comparable to those performed by existing executive departments. This ensures efficiency and specialization in the execution of specific functions.
Independent executive agencies are established to address specific policy areas or carry out specialized tasks that may not fit neatly within the purview of existing departments. By creating a separate agency, the government can focus on addressing these specific issues with dedicated resources and expertise.Congress may choose to create an independent agency to enhance its ability to oversee and regulate a particular sector, thereby limiting the president's influence over it. This promotes checks and balances within the government.However, reasons such as the president not considering the agency's activities a high priority or the agency dealing mostly with issues handled by the judicial branch are less likely to be acceptable justifications for establishing an independent executive agency.These reasons do not necessarily align with the purpose and criteria for creating such agencies, which primarily focus on enhancing efficiency and addressing specialized policy areas.
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Discuss, in detail , the role of World Trade Organization (WTO)
in executing the Port ( Privatization ) Act 1990.
The World Trade Organization (WTO) does not have a direct role in executing the Port (Privatization) Act 1990, as it is a domestic legislation specific to a particular country.
However, the WTO plays a significant role in promoting international trade, facilitating negotiations, and resolving disputes among member countries. Its principles and agreements, such as the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMs), may indirectly influence privatization efforts in the port sector.
The Port (Privatization) Act 1990 is a domestic legislation enacted by a specific country, and its execution falls under the jurisdiction of national authorities. The WTO is an international organization that provides a framework for global trade rules and negotiations, aiming to promote open, fair, and predictable international trade. While the WTO does not directly enforce or execute domestic laws, its principles and agreements can influence the implementation of privatization policies, including those related to ports.
Under the WTO, member countries are expected to adhere to certain principles such as non-discrimination, transparency, and market access. These principles may guide countries in formulating and implementing their domestic policies, including privatization initiatives. Additionally, the WTO provides a platform for member countries to negotiate and discuss trade-related issues, including the liberalization of services and investments, which can indirectly impact privatization efforts in the port sector.
It is important to note that the specific implementation of the Port (Privatization) Act 1990 would depend on the legal framework and practices of the country where it is enacted. While the WTO's role is not direct in executing domestic laws, its broader influence on trade policies and principles can shape the context within which privatization measures are carried out.
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Marta is a dean at Linden State University, a school with an enrollment of almost 20,000 students. In her daily activities, Marta has to deal with problems that involve students, faculty, curriculum, budgets, and a variety of other things. Marta is currently focusing her efforts on fundraising. She sees this generation as the cohort on which to focus most of her attention. Gen Y, because it is the wealthiest generation the Baby Boomers, because they are the most ethical generation the Baby Boomers, because they are the largest and wealthiest generation the Post-Millennials, because they are the largest generation that is still looking forward to college
In her role as Dean of Linden State University, Marta has a variety of responsibilities, including the management of students, faculty, the curriculum, the budget, and other aspects related to the functioning of the University. Marta's current focus is on her fundraising efforts and identifying generations who want to reach out to her efforts.
Marta considers this generation to be the wealthiest compared to baby boomers. However, it is important to note that wealth can vary greatly within generations. While some millennials may have amassed wealth, others may be saddled with student loan debt or facing financial hardship. So targeting her entire Gen Y based on wealth alone may not be accurate or effective.
Marta considers this generation to be the most ethical. While it is true that baby boomers are associated with social and cultural change, their designation as the most ethical generation is subjective and may not apply to all individuals in this population. . Generalizations about ethical behavior can ignore the diversity of perspectives and values within each generation.
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1. How were trade unions important to the working class in Canada during the late 1800s and early 1900s?
2. There are still many jobs in Canada today that have unions (e.g. nurses, teachers, construction workers, TTC etc.). Many newer tech jobs (e.g. Amazon, Uber, InstaCart etc. etc.) have a large population of workers but are not unionized. In your opinion, what are the pros and cons of large companies having unions to represent them? Thinking about how workers were treated back in this time, would you rather have worked for a company that had a union or a company that did not have a union? Explain why.
Trade unions played a crucial role in the working class of Canada during the late 1800s and early 1900s, providing workers with collective bargaining power, improved working conditions, and better wages.
Trade unions were instrumental in advocating for the rights and well-being of workers during the late 1800s and early 1900s in Canada. They served as a collective voice for workers, allowing them to negotiate with employers for improved working conditions, fair wages, and reasonable hours. Unions played a key role in addressing issues such as child labor, workplace safety, and the length of the workweek.
The presence of unions in today's workforce continues to have both pros and cons. On the positive side, unions can protect workers' rights, negotiate better wages and benefits, and provide a platform for workers to voice their concerns collectively. Unions can also foster a sense of solidarity and support among workers.
However, there can be potential drawbacks to unions in large companies. Some argue that unions may increase labor costs for employers, potentially leading to higher prices for consumers or reduced job opportunities. Additionally, unions can sometimes face challenges in adapting to rapidly changing industries and technological advancements.
Considering the historical treatment of workers during the late 1800s and early 1900s, it is reasonable to prefer working for a company with a union. Unions have historically played a crucial role in improving working conditions, wages, and overall quality of life for workers. The collective bargaining power and representation provided by unions can help ensure fair treatment and protect workers' interests in the face of potential exploitation by employers.
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1. Islamophobia is an example of:
Religious discrimination and bias
Religious tolerance
All of the above
None of the above
2. An example of religious intolerance is:
Religious discrimination and bias are examples of Islamophobia, which is the fear, prejudice, or hatred directed towards individuals or groups based on their Islamic faith. It is not an example of religious tolerance.
Islamophobia refers specifically to the discrimination, prejudice, or bias against individuals or groups who identify as Muslims or practice the Islamic faith. It involves negative attitudes, stereotypes, and discriminatory actions towards Muslims, often fueled by ignorance, fear, or misconceptions.
Islamophobia is an example of religious discrimination and bias because it targets individuals based on their religious affiliation and manifests in various forms, including verbal abuse, hate crimes, employment discrimination, and social exclusion.
It is important to note that Islamophobia is distinct from religious tolerance, which promotes respect, understanding, and acceptance of diverse religious beliefs and practices.
Religious intolerance, on the other hand, refers to the unwillingness or refusal to accept, respect, or accommodate the beliefs and practices of individuals or groups who adhere to different religions. It encompasses actions or attitudes that restrict religious freedom, discriminate against religious minorities, or promote hostility towards other faith traditions.
An example of religious intolerance could be the denial of religious rights, such as preventing individuals from practicing their faith, imposing discriminatory laws or policies targeting specific religious groups, or engaging in hate speech against followers of a particular religion.
In summary, Islamophobia is an example of religious discrimination and bias, not religious tolerance. Religious intolerance, on the other hand, encompasses a broader range of discriminatory actions and attitudes that limit the rights and freedoms of individuals based on their religious beliefs.
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How does understanding intergenerational/historic trauma and
unresolved grief assist the counselor to be aware of unspoken
issues in the counseling session?
Understanding intergenerational/historic trauma and unresolved grief can assist the counselor in being aware of unspoken issues in the counseling session.
The following are the ways in which it can help the counselor: By recognizing patterns of unaddressed trauma: Knowing the history of the client and their family can help the counselor identify patterns of unaddressed trauma. The counselor can look for how traumatic events were dealt with in previous generations, and this can provide them with insight into how the current client may respond to trauma or grief.
By understanding the roots of a client's current difficulties: Unresolved grief and intergenerational trauma can often lead to current difficulties in clients' lives. By being sensitive to triggers: Trauma and unresolved grief can often be triggered by a variety of stimuli. By understanding the client's background, the counselor can be sensitive to these triggers and help the client cope with the emotional reactions that may arise. By understanding intergenerational / historic trauma and unresolved grief, the counselor can build trust with the client.
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Question 94 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question 95 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question 96 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question A gambler is playing a poker machine. After 8 plays, he wins a 10-coin jackpot. After another 2 plays he wins a further 15-coin jackpot. However, he then wins nothing in the next 30 plays. The gambler is being reinforced on which schedule: Select one: O a. a. Fixed ratio O b. O c. O d. d. Variable ratio A professor has a policy of exempting students from the final exam if they maintain perfect attendance during the quarter. His students' attendance increases dramatically. This is an example of: Select one: O a. Negative punishment O b. Positive reinforcement O c. Positive punishment O d. Negative reinforcement What are some of the features of physical development in adulthood? Select one: O a. reduced immune system O b. reduced fertility O c. slower neural processing O d. all responses are features of physical development in adulthood Fixed interval Variable interval
A professor has a rule whereby students who maintain perfect attendance throughout the quarter are excused from the final test. The number of pupils attending his classes rises sharply. An illustration of positive reinforcement might be this.
Features of physical development in adulthood: Some of the features of physical development in adulthood are reduced fertility and slower neural processing. Furthermore, adult height is achieved in early adulthood, but the decrease in height starts during the fourth decade. This is due to the compression of the spine, which reduces the space between vertebrae. Bone mass decreases with age, causing bones to be more fragile and brittle. Other physical changes include the loss of muscle mass, decrease in visual acuity, reduced immune system, and increased risk of chronic illness, as well as hearing loss, less efficient digestive system, and less efficient respiratory system.
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Answer the following questions regarding anorexia, bulimia and
binge-eating disorder, answer in full sentences for each question.
Explain what each one is.
Explain the evidence for social and genetic
Anorexia: Extreme food restriction influenced by social and genetic factors. Bulimia: Binge eating with compensatory behaviors. Binge-eating disorder: Uncontrollable overeating influenced by social and genetic factors.
Anorexia: Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by extreme food restriction and a distorted body image. Evidence suggests social factors, such as societal pressure for thinness, and genetic factors contribute to its development. Genetic factors, such as heritability and specific gene variants, contribute to the risk of developing anorexia nervosa.
Bulimia: Bulimia nervosa involves recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors. Social factors like media influence and genetic factors play a role in its onset and maintenance. Genetic factors, including genetic predisposition and familial aggregation, influence the development of bulimia nervosa.
Binge-eating disorder: Binge-eating disorder entails frequent episodes of uncontrollable overeating. Both social factors, such as cultural ideals, and genetic factors contribute to its development, though the exact mechanisms are not fully understood. Genetic factors, such as family history and genetic variations, contribute to the susceptibility to binge-eating disorder.
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The complete question is: Answer the following questions regarding anorexia, bulimia, and binge-eating disorder,
Explain what each one is.
Explain the evidence for social and genetic factors
Summarize Kearins’ research in 3 sentences. Focusing on the
experimental designs and summarize her experimental strategy.
Kearins conducted research to determine the essential elements that contribute to successful inclusive education.
Her study employed an experimental approach, comparing two distinct groups:
one characterized by inclusivity and the other by non-inclusivity. The results revealed that the inclusive group demonstrated superior levels of social inclusion, academic achievement, and active engagement in school activities when compared to the non-inclusive group.
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