If there is no dark matter in the milky way galaxy, what is the best alternative explanation for the observations?.

The Galaxy Milky Way is 100 million times bigger than the solar planetary System. Hence, on a 1-to-10 billion scale, The Galaxy Milky Way is about 100,000 light-years across while the solar system is 1.9 light-years across.

The Solar Planetary System is a system that is gravitationally bound. It includes the Sun and the planets that orbit it directly or indirectly. The biggest of the objects that orbit the Sun directly are the 8 planets, with the dwarf planets and small Solar System bodies making up the most. Natural satellites orbit the Sun indirectly. Since it lacks a definite limit, determining the extent of the Solar planetary System is difficult. The size of the solar system is [tex]10^{10}[/tex]  km.

A galaxy is a gravitationally bound set of stars, dust, and hydrogen. Galaxies can be seen all over the world, and their sizes differ tremendously. Supermassive black holes are believed to exist at the cores of almost all large galaxies. Lenticular galaxies, irregular galaxies, Spiral galaxies, and elliptical galaxies are the four primary groups of galaxies. The size of a galaxy is [tex]10^{18}[/tex]  km.

The result obtained by comparing Milky Way's size to the Solar planetary System is, the Galaxy Milky Way is 100 million times bigger than the solar planetary System.

It is calculated by:

Size of a galaxy= 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 ([tex]10^{18}[/tex] ) km

Solar planetary system’s Size = 10,000,000,000 ([tex]10^{10}[/tex] ) km

Thus,

([tex]10^{18}[/tex] km / [tex]10^{10}[/tex] km) = [tex]10^{8}[/tex]

Hence,

           The Galaxy Milky Way is 100 million times bigger than the solar planetary System. Hence, on a 1-to-10 billion scale, The Galaxy Milky Way is about 100,000 light-years across while the solar system is 1.9 light-years across.

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a)

(i) Potential for r < a: V(r) = λ / 2π∈₀㏑ (b/a)

(ii) Potential for a < r < b: V(r) = λ / 2π∈₀㏑ (b/r)

(iii) Potential for r > b: V(r) = 0

Here we want to calculate the potential for r < a.

Before calculating the potential, we have to keep in mind that the electric field outside an infinite wire or an infinite cylinder uniformly charged is

E = λ / 2 π ∈₀* r

where,  λ is the linear charge density

r is the distance from the wire/surface of the cylinder

By integration, we find an expression for the electric potential at a distance of r:

V(r) = ∫ E dr = λ / 2π∈₀ ㏑ (r)

Inside the cylinder, however, the electric field is zero, because the charge contained by the Gaussian surface is zero:

E = 0

So, the potential where the electric field is zero is constant:

V = constant

(iii) We start by evaluating the potential in the region r > b. Here, the net electric field is zero, because the Gaussian surface of radius r here contains a positive charge density +λ and an equal negative charge density -λ. Therefore, the net charge is zero, so the electric field is zero.

This means that the electric potential is constant so we can write:

ΔV = V(r) - V(b) = 0

V(r) = V(b)

However, we know that the potential b is zero, so

V(r) = V(b) = 0

(ii) The electric field in the region a < r < b instead it is given only by the positive charge +λ distributed over the surface of the inner cylinder of radius a, therefore it is

E = λ / 2π∈₀

And so the potential in this region is given by:

V(r) = ∫ E dr =  λ / 2π∈₀ [ ㏑(b) - ㏑(r)] =  λ / 2π∈₀ ㏑(b/r) ----(1)

(i) Finally, the electric field in the region r < a is zero, because the charge contained in this region is zero: E = 0

This means that the potential in this region remains constant and it is equal to the potential at the surface of the inner cylinder, so calculated at r = a

which can be calculated by substituting r = a in expression (1)

V(a) = λ / 2π∈₀ ㏑(b/a)

And so, for r < a

V(r) = λ / 2π∈₀ ㏑(b/a)

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Answer:

F = Δp / Δt    ⇒  t = Δp / F  (To get the time of contact, we divide the change in momentum by the applied force)

Since the book was stationary before we pushed it, the initial momentum is 0. Hence the change in momentum will just be the value of the final momentum.

Δp = mv

t = mv / F = (0.8 kg * 2 m/s) / 20 N = 0.08 s

Explanation:

The work done by force is negative in the first scenario because the force and displacement are acting in the opposing directions. As the force and displacement are perpendicular in the second condition, there is no work done.

What exactly is a physics "work done"?

The product of a force's component acting in the displacement's vector and its magnitude is known as the work done by the force. Formula. The following formula may be used to calculate work by multiplying force and distance in the direction of the force. Unit: W = F d.

What exactly is a work example?

The following situations include work: relocating a table. a door is pulled and pushed. Walking. raising a stone.

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You will learn about the requirements for each system and cell in your body as we go along by using the anemia metabolism simulation.

Blood's red color is due to the iron-rich protein known as hemoglobin. From the lungs, it transports oxygen to the rest of the body. Blood loss, a lack of red blood cell formation, and excessive red blood cell breakdown rates are the three basic causes of anemia.

When you have anemia, your body doesn't produce enough strong red blood cells to supply enough oxygen to the tissues. You may experience fatigue and weakness if you have anemia, commonly known as low hemoglobin.

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So, the only forces acting on the riders are the normal force and the force of gravity (the force of the seat pushing up on the rider). While the normal force is always pointed perpendicular to the automobile seat.

The size of this force is determined by the mass of the each item and the separation of their centers. According to mathematics, the gravity's force is proportional to the square of the distance between both the objects and directly related to the masses of the items.

There are just two factors that matter when discussing the gravitational force between two objects: mass and distance. The squared of the distance of two things has an inverse relationship with the force of gravity, which relies directly on the mass of the two items.

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The maximum voltage across the capacitor is 2.1 * 10⁻² V and the initial energy in the capacitor is 7.042 * 10⁻⁶ J.

In the L-C oscillation, energy is transferred between capacitor and inductor with a certain periodicity.

Given that, Inductance L = 65 * 10⁻³ h

Capacitance C = 300 * 10⁻⁴ F

Initial charge q = 6.5 * 10⁻⁴ C

We know that,

1/2 q²/C + 1/2 L² = 1/2 C* v₀²

From the above equation, we can write v₀ = q/C

Substituting the values in the above equation, we get

v₀ = q/C = (6.5 * 10⁻⁴) / (300 * 10⁻⁴) = 0.021 V = 2.1 * 10⁻² V

The formula to calculate initial energy in the capacitor is 1/2* q²/C

where q is charge and C is capacitance

E = 1/2 * q²/C = (6.5 * 10⁻⁴)²/ 2 * (300 * 10⁻⁴)

⇒ (42.25 * 10⁻⁸)/ (6 * 10⁻²)

⇒ 7.042 * 10⁻⁶ J

Thus, maximum voltage across the capacitor is 2.1 * 10⁻² V and the initial energy in the capacitor is 7.042 * 10⁻⁶ J.

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The current in a circuit if the voltage applied to a load is 492 volts is 5.52 A.

Current is the rate of flow of electric charge around an electrical circuit. It is measured in amperes (A). Current can be calculated by dividing the voltage (V) by the resistance (R) of a circuit, according to the formula I = V/R.

Calculate the total resistance of the two series-connected resistive heating elements:

R = (250 V) / (2.8 kW) = 89.29 Ω

Calculate the current in the circuit using Ohm's Law:

I = (V) / (R) = (492 V) / (89.29 Ω) = 5.52 A

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Answer: Independent variable

Explanation: i think

The ratio of heat supplied to heat emitted in a Carnot cycle is simply the ratio of absolute temperatures! QH.TH=QC.TC or QH.QC=TH.TC

Here, we are given the heat that received by the engine at the hot side is QH= 6.45 kJ and we are asked to determine the heat that discarded at the cold reservoir Qc

By knowing TH ,Tc and QH

we can get Qc, using equation

Qc =−QH ( Tc/TH )

Now we can plug our given values for TH, Tc, QH and Qh into equation (1) to get Qc

Qc=−Qh(Tc/Th )=−6.45kJ(300K/520K)= −3.72kJ

​Negative sign is an evidence that, the heat removes from the engine.

Even the Carnot engine is not 100% efficient. 100% efficiency (=1) requires that Q2 be equal to 0, which indicates that all of the heat from the source has been turned to work. The term "temperature of sink" refers to a negative temperature that is greater than unity on an absolute scale.

The condition = 1/2 indicates that half of the volume is "active" if the Carnot factor is defined more broadly as the ratio of an active volume to the whole volume.

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To find the stress in the wire at a height of 3L/4 from its lower end, we need to calculate the force acting on the wire at that point. The force on the wire is equal to the weight of the wire itself and the weight of the object suspended from it. Therefore, non of the option is correct.

The weight of the wire is given by the equation: W = gL, where g is the acceleration due to gravity and L is the length of the wire.

The weight of the object suspended from the wire is given by the equation: W1 = gL1, where L1 is the distance from the point of attachment to the object.

Therefore, the total force acting on the wire at a height of 3L/4 from its lower end is:

F = W + W1 = gL + g(L - 3L/4) = gL + 3gL/4 - 3gL/4 = gL

The stress in the wire is given by the equation: stress = F/S, where S is the cross-sectional area of the wire.

Substituting the values for F and S, we get:

stress = (gL)/S

Therefore, the stress in the wire at a height of 3L/4 from its lower end is (gL)/S.

None of the given options match this result, so the correct answer is not among the choices provided.

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Answer:

1/ Better Health

2/ Reduce injury posibility

3/ Increase energy level when exercising

4/ Bigger muscle

5/ Prevent disease

Explanation: The training helps you get the five benefits above. There is more benefit, but I think the five above are the most important!

Answer: approximately 3.54x10 22 N

Explanation:

Answer:

I think that the whole economy will change due to the fact that gas will not be used as much as before and the fact that many people will lose their jobs, people like gas pump attendantsattenents, gas companys and many more.

Explanation:

In the column, the red (water) substance has a less density than the black (corn syrup) substance.

The measure of how densely a material is packed together is called density. As the mass per unit volume, it has that definition. Density Numeral: D or The density is calculated using the following formula: = m/V, where m is the object's mass and V is its volume.

The relationship between a substance's mass and the amount of space it occupies is known as its density (volume). The density of a substance is determined by the mass, size, and arrangement of its atoms. Density is calculated by dividing a substance's mass by its volume.

From the image, you can see that the black section is thicker and the red is a little bit light.

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The wavelength of WFNX’s radio waves with the given speed and frequency is 2.95m.

Wavelength can be defined as the distance between two successive crests or throughs of a wave.

The wavelength of WFNX’s radio waves with the given speed and frequency is 2.95m.

Given data in the question;

Speed of wave; c= 3×10^8

Frequency of wave; 1.017×10^8

wavelength; ?

To determine the wavelength of the radio wave, we use the expression for the relations between wavelength, frequency and speed.

C\f

Where  is wavelength, f is frequency and c is the speed.

We substitute our given values into the equation

=2.95

Therefore, the wavelength of WFNX’s radio waves with the given speed and frequency is 2.95m.

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A large, moving truck crashes into a small parked car. How do the magnitudes of the impulses and the forces on each vehicle compare during the collision: A The truck receives more force but less impulse.

In physics, value is defined really as “distance or amount.” It depicts absolutely the relative course or length wherein an item actions within the experience of movement. it's far used to specify the scale or scope of something. In physics, value commonly refers to distance or quantity.

Magnitudes are the scale of something. for example, in the case of speed, a vehicle is moving faster than a bike. in this instance, the importance of the speed of the auto is higher than that of the bike. It tells the route or size that is absolute or relative in which an item travels in the experience of motion.

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If light moves through an optical medium at a speed of 2.5 x 108 m/s, the media's refractive index is 1.2.

The material's refractive index (n) may be defined as -

Refractive Index (n) = Light's speed in a vacuum (C) divided by its light speed in a medium (V)

Therefore, n = C/V  

Given that the speed of light in the medium is V=2.5×10⁻⁸m/s

and the speed of light in the vacuum is C=3.0×10⁻⁸m/s

Therefore, the equation gives us n = C/V

n=3.0×10⁻⁸m/s÷2.5×10⁻⁸m/s,

which equals n=1.2 (Refractive index of the medium).

Refractive index: The refractive index, sometimes called the refraction index in optics, is a dimensionless quantity that describes how efficiently an optical material bends light.

Light: light is the organic substance that activates vision and makes things visible

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Seismic velocities are influenced by the medium's physical characteristics, including composition, mineral phase and packing structure, temperature, and pressure.

Denser materials allow seismic waves to propagate more quickly, hence depth generally increases the speed of seismic waves. Seismic waves are slowed in abnormally hot regions. A liquid conducts seismic waves more slowly than a solid does. Due to the fact that P waves and S waves cannot propagate through liquid, molten regions of the Earth slow P waves and block S waves.

There are two different types of waves produced by earthquakes: primary (P) and secondary (S). Based on when they come and how they feel on the surface, they are classified.

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The physical properties of the medium, such as composition, mineral phase and packing structure, temperature, and pressure, have an impact on seismic velocities.

What are seismic wave?

The speed of seismic waves is typically increased by depth because denser materials allow for faster seismic wave propagation. In areas that are abnormally hot, seismic waves slow down. Seismic waves are conducted more slowly by liquids than by solids. Molten parts of the Earth impede P waves and block S waves because P waves and S waves cannot travel through liquid.

Primary (P) and secondary (S) waves are the two main types of seismic waves that are generated. They are categorized based on when they arrive and how they feel on the surface.

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Answer:

The coefficient of kinetic friction between the crate and the floor can be calculated using the formula μ = Ff / N, where Ff is the frictional force, N is the normal force, and μ is the coefficient of kinetic friction.

In this case, the normal force is equal to the weight of the crate, which is 24 kg * 9.8 m/s2 = 235.2 N. The frictional force can be calculated using the formula Ff = μ * N, where μ is the coefficient of kinetic friction and N is the normal force.

If we substitute the values for N and Ff into the formula for the coefficient of kinetic friction, we get:μ = 53 N / 235.2 N = 0.225

Therefore, the coefficient of kinetic friction between the crate and the floor is 0.225.

The cannonball has the greatest Momentum among all.

The momentum of any body is defined as the product of its mass and its velocity.

Momentum = Mass × velocity

It is given that the mass of the arrow is 0.1 kg and it is short with a speed of 120m/s and the Cannonball has a mass of 4 kg and it is fired with the speed of 50m/s and a model Rocket is launched at a speed of 75m/s which has a mass of 1.2 kg.

From the standard relation of the momentum we can find the momentum of the arrow, cannonball and the rocket as,

Momentum of Arrow = 0.1 × 120

= 12 kgm/s.

Momentum of cannonball = 4 × 50

= 200 kgm/s.

Momentum of model Rocket = 1.2 × 75

= 90 kgm/s.

The cannonball has the greatest momentum.

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During an extreme emergency, our body must be in fight or flight mode. There are three stages of stress response during an emergency. They are alarm, resistance, and fatigue.

Alarm is the first stage among the 3 stages in the stress response system. In alarm stage, the body and mind go on high alert. It is sometimes called the "fight or flight response". It prepares the body to either go for defending itself or to flee from a threat.

When you perceive a situation or event to be a threat, your body begins a stress response. The nervous system and the endocrine system are active during the body's response to stressors. This response is involuntary or automatic and happen in three stages.

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The claim that metals are superior to non-metals in terms of heat and electrical conductivity is true.

Electrochemistry is the study of chemical processes that move electrons. It deals with the interactions between electromagnetic oil and power transformation. Example: The investigation of electrochemical cells is a part of electrochemistry. It involves cells that convert energy into electrical energy.

Electrochemistry has many common applications in daily life. All sorts are batteries, among them those that power lamps, calculators, and automobiles, primarily generate electricity through biochemical reactions. Plating objects with decorative metals like gold or chromium requires electricity.

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This drummer produced an album that some people believe to be the true debut of jazz fusion. Archie Blakey

The correct answer is A

Two light nuclei combine to form one heavy nucleus during a fusion process. Because the mass of the single nucleus formed is less than the combined mass of the two initial nuclei, energy is released throughout the process. Energy is created from remaining mass.

Energy in abundance Controlled nuclear fission reactions and chemical reactions like burning coal, oil, or gas both provide energy, while controlled atomic fusion produces approximately four million times as much energy (at equal mass).

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The kinetic energy multiplies by four times.

Energy is the quantitative quality that, in physics, is transmitted to a physical body or system. Both heat and light are manifestations of energy, as well as how labor is carried out. According to the law of conservation of energy, energy is a resource that can never run out and can only be transformed from one form to another. The joule is the unit used by the SI (International System of Units) to measure energy. The kinetic energy of moving objects, the potential energy of stationary objects, the elastic energy of stationary objects, the chemical energy associated with chemical processes, and many other types of energy are common.

We know, kinetic energy, KE₁ = 1/2.m.v²

When v gets doubled, so

then kinetic energy,

KE₂ = 1/2.m.(2v)²

KE₂= 1/2.m.4v²

KE₂ = 4KE₁

As a result, kinetic energy multiplies by four.

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A copper wire with a length of 50cm conducts a current of 1.5 A and perpendicular to a magnetic field of 0.5 T, then the magnetic force acting on the wire is calculated as 0.375 N.

Magnetic force is a consequence of the electromagnetic force which is one of the four fundamental forces of nature, and it is caused by the motion of charges.

Given : B=0.5T   L=50 cm =0.5m    I=1.5A

As we know that the copper wire is perpendicular to the magnetic field, therefore angle will be 90 degree

∴  We use the formula, F = I*L*B*sin(theta)

= 1.5 * 0.5 * 0.5 sin(90°)

So, Magnetic force = 0.375 N

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Answer:

4.11 m/s to the right

Explanation:

[tex]m_{p} u_{p} +m_{r} u_{r} =m_{p} v_{p} +m_{r} v_{r} \\\\90 kg * 8\frac{m}{s} +70 kg * 0\frac{m}{s} =90 kg * v_{p} +70 kg * 5\frac{m}{s} \\\\720\frac{kgm}{s} =350\frac{kgm}{s} +90kg*v_{p} \\\\v_{p} * 90 kg = 370\frac{kgm}{s} \\\\v_{p} = 4.11 \frac{m}{s}[/tex]

Answer:

6600 N

Explanation:

[tex]F=\frac{mv^{2} }{r} \\\\F=\frac{4400*6^{2} }{24}\\ \\F=6600 N[/tex]

Objects such as the great nebula in andromeda were once called extragalactic nebulae. it is now realized that other galaxies much like our own.

A nebula is a distinctively luminous region of the interstellar medium, which may be made up of cosmic dust, neutral, neutrally ionised, or molecular hydrogen. Nebulae are frequently areas where stars are being formed, as seen in the Eagle Nebula's "Pillars of Creation."

The gas, dust, and other material formations in these areas "clump" together to form denser regions, which draw in more matter and finally reach a density where stars can form. Planets and other planetary system objects are then supposed to be formed from the leftover material.

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