Isotopes of certain _radioactive__ elements that spontaneously emit _radiation__ and _rays__ from the _nuclei___
What cause Isotopes to emit radiation ?Any of multiple species of the same chemical element with differing masses whose nuclei are unstable and spontaneously produce radiation in the form of alpha, beta, and gamma rays are known as radioactive isotopes, also known as radioisotopes, radionuclides, or radioactive nuclides.
Isotopes are identical elemental atoms with differing quantities of neutrons. Numerous elements have one or more radioactive isotopes. Due to the instability of their nuclei, they decay and release radiation.Many of the radioisotopes in the uranium, thorium, and actinium natural radiation decay series, as well as the naturally occurring radioisotopes potassium-40 and carbon-14, generate gamma radiation.Learn more about Isotopes here:
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Which of the following best describes how a filter can be used to sort materials?(1 point)
Responses Filters allow objects of a certain size to pass through, so if you know the size or size range of a certain component in a mixture, you can pass the entire mixture through a filter and sort out the component in that size range. Filters allow objects of a certain size to pass through, so if you know the size or size range of a certain component in a mixture, you can pass the entire mixture through a filter and sort out the component in that size range. Filters allow objects that are less than a specific size to pass through, which lets you sort a mixture. This assumes that the sizes of each component are different and do not overlap. Filters allow objects that are less than a specific size to pass through, which lets you sort a mixture. This assumes that the sizes of each component are different and do not overlap. Filters never help you sort mixtures because different components can all be the same or similar sizes. Filters never help you sort mixtures because different components can all be the same or similar sizes. Filters catch large objects, so filters can be used to sort out large components of mixtures.
Best describes how a filter can be used to sort materials is filters allow objects of a certain size to pass through, so if you know the size or size range of a certain component in a mixture, you can pass the entire mixture through a filter and sort out the component in that size range
Filtration can be defined as the mechanical or physical process used for the separation of one substance from another and such as solids, liquids, and gases, with the aid of an any medium and when the substances in a mixture have different particle sizes, they are separated by filtration and the mixture is poured through a sieve or filter and the smaller particles slip through the holes, but the larger particles do not
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3
Boat A and Boat B have the same mass. Boat A's velocity is three times greater than that of
B. Compared to the kinetic energy of Boat B, the kinetic energy of Boat A is
O one-third as much.
O three times as much.
six times as much.
O nine times as much.
Intro
✓
When Boat A and Boat B have the same mass, the kinetic energy of Boat A is 9 times the kinetic energy of Boat B.
What is kinetic energy?The energy that an object has because of its motion is called kinetic energy. We must apply a force to accelerate an object. Work is done in applying a force. After work has been done and energy is transferred to the object, then the object will be move with a new constant speed.
Let' m' be the mass of both boats A and B.
It is given in the question that velocity of Boat A is three times greater than that of Boat B. Let the velocity of boat B be X, Kinetic energy of boat A be K₁ and kinetic energy of boat B be K₂
Kinetic energy of Boat A is:
K₁ = 1/2 * (mV₁)^2
=1/2 * m *3X^2
=9(1/2*m*X^2)
Kinetic energy of Boat B is:
K₂ = 1/2 *m *V₂^2
=1/2* m* X^2
K₂ = 1/2*m*X^2
This implies that ,K₁ = 9* K₂
Kinetic energy of Boat A is 9 times the kinetic energy of Boat B.
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If electrons jump from a lower energy shell to a higher energy shell, they are said to be
Answer:
When electron jumps from lower energy orbit to higher energy orbit, energy is absorbed to make transition from lower energy orbit to higher energy orbit.
Explanation:
A gas in a cylinder with a moveable piston was placed in a heater and gained 5001 J of heat. If the volume increased from 345 mL to 1846 mL against an atmospheric pressure of 750 Torr during the process, what is the change in internal energy of the gas in the cylinder?
The change in internal energy of the gas in the cylinder is +5000.84989kJ.
What is energy?
Energy is described as the quantitative property that is transferred to a body or to a physical system or simply the ability to do work.
The given parameters include:
q = +5001J (gained is +)
P = 750Torr ( 1atm /760 (Torr) = 0.987atm
w = −PΔV
w = −0.987atm(1.846L − 0.345L)
w = −1.481L • atm (101.325J/1atm)
w = −150.11J = −0.15011kJ
we know that
ΔU = w + q
ΔU = 5001kJ − 0.15011kJ = +5000.84989kJ (The positive sign denotes that system increased in internal energy)
The first law of thermodynamics dealt on energy and explained that
Energy is conserved and under normal circumstances, the total amount of energy is constant. It is difficult to measure total energy within a system because there are so many different forms of energy, but we can measure energy changes.
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Fill in the blanks to complete the tableCompleting the first row.
Each row is independent from the other, so we can use the same method for each one.
Le'ts give a variable for each column:
- S: Symbol
- z: Z (Atomic number)
- a: A (Mass number)
- p: No of Protons
- e: No of Electrons
- n: No of Neitrons
- c: Charge
In the symbol column, the right supercript is the charge, so since the Symbol is:
[tex]S=Mg^{2+}[/tex]The charge is 2+. We write as 2+, but in math we would write as +2, they are the same, but in different notations.
[tex]c=2+=+2[/tex]The atomic number and the symbol are always unique, so each element has always the same atomic number and the other way around too.
From a periodic table, we can see which Element corresponds to which atomic number Z.
On a periodic table, we can see that the atomic number of Mg is 12, so:
[tex]z=12[/tex]Also, the atomic number and the number of protons is always the same:
[tex]\begin{gathered} p=z \\ p=12 \end{gathered}[/tex]The mass number, a, is alwais the number of protons plus the number of neutrons:
[tex]a=p+n[/tex]Since we know that the mass number is 25 in this case, we can calculate the number of protons:
[tex]\begin{gathered} a=p+n \\ 25=12+n \\ n=25-12 \\ n=13 \end{gathered}[/tex]So it checks out with the number on the table.
Each proton has a charge of 1+ and each electron has a charge of 1-. In Math terms, we can say that each proton counts as +1 and each electron counts as -1.
Thus, the charge is the number of protons minus the number o electrons:
[tex]c=p-e[/tex]Since the charge is 2+ and there are 12 protons, we can say:
[tex]\begin{gathered} 2=12-e \\ e=12-2 \\ e=10 \end{gathered}[/tex]So, there are 10 electrons.
Putting altogether, we have:
[tex]\begin{gathered} S=Mg^{2+} \\ z=12 \\ a=25 \\ p=12 \\ e=10 \\ n=13 \\ c=2+ \end{gathered}[/tex]And, by the names:
Symbol: Mg²⁺
Z: 12
A: 25
No. of Protons: 12
No. of Electrons: 10
No. of Neutrons: 13
Charge: 2+
need help with science
The correct descriptions of the terms in the periodic table are as follows:
Elements in the same group on the periodic table have the samenumber of valence electrons outside e- configuration in their e- notationElements in the same period on the periodic table have the samehighest main energy level in their e- notation electrons in the same block on the periodic table have the same last orbital in their e- notationionization energy - energy needed to remove an electronelectron affinity - energy change when an e- is addedelectronegativity - the ability of an atom to pull e-What is the periodic table?The periodic table is the table that arranges the elements in order of increasing atomic number into vertical columns called groups and horizontal rows called periods.
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Identify the species oxidized, the species reduced, the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent in the following electron-transfer reaction.
Mn(s) + Pb2+(aq) Mn2+(aq) + Pb(s)
A change in the substrate's oxidation state occurs during redox reactions. Oxidation is the process of losing electrons or increasing an element's oxidation state.
Gaining electrons or lowering the oxidation state of an element or its constituent atoms are both examples of reduction.
An oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction is a chemical process in which two compounds exchange electrons. Any chemical process in which a molecule, atom, or ion suffers a change in its oxidation number as a result of acquiring or losing an electron is known as an oxidation-reduction reaction.
An oxidizing agent is a substance that "accepts" or "receives" an electron from a reducing agent in a redox chemical process. Therefore, an oxidant is any chemical that oxidizes another substance.
An electron is "donated" to an electron acceptor by a chemical species known as a reducing agent. Chemicals that are often used as reducing agents include the Earth metals, formic acid, oxalic acid, and sulfite compounds.
Pb gets oxidized.
Manganese (Mn) gets reduced.
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How much water isneeded to make a1.5 M solution using44 grams of CaCO3?
The first step we have to follow to answer this question is to convert the given mass to moles using CaCO3 molar mass:
[tex]44gCaCO_3\cdot\frac{1molCaCO_3}{100.1gCaCO_3}=0.44molCaCO_3[/tex]Now, use the following formula to find the volume of water needed to prepare the solution:
[tex]\begin{gathered} molarity=\frac{molesofsolute}{litersofsolution} \\ 1.5M=\frac{0.44mol}{L} \\ L=\frac{0.44mol}{1.5M} \\ L=0.29L \end{gathered}[/tex]It means that 0.29L are needed.
2.70 mL of 4.00 M KOH is diluted to a final volume of 100.0 mL. What is the resulting concentration?
Answer: 0.108
Explanation:
use v1s1 = v2s2
here v1 = 2.7ml s1 = 4 M v2 = 100ml s2=?
What is the hydrate formula for something that is 0.0243 mol Bal2 and 0.75 mol H2O?
Answer:
[tex]\text{BaI}_2.30H_2O[/tex]
Explanation:
Here, we want to get the hydrate formula
To get the hydrate formula, we need to get the number of molecules of water
Now, to get this, we have to divide the number of moles of water by the number of moles of the anhydrous solid
The number of moles of water is given as 0.75 while that of the anhydrous solid is 0.0243
Mathematically, we have it that:
[tex]\frac{0.75}{0.0243}\text{ =}30[/tex]The hydrate formula is thus:
[tex]\text{BaI}_2.30H_2O[/tex]What is the number of moles in 825l of he gas at stp?
Answer:
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what is the final pressure (in atm) of 5.25 L gas initially at 534 mmHg and 22 degrees celsius that is compressed to a final volume of 2.75 L at a new temperature of 15 degrees celsius?
The final pressure of 5.25L gas initially at 534 mmHg and 22 degrees celsius that is compressed to a final volume of 2.75 L is 1.31atm.
How to calculate pressure?The combined gas law states that the ratio of the product of pressure and volume and the absolute temperature of a gas is equal to a constant.
The pressure of a gas can be calculated by using the combined gas law equation as follows:
P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂
Where;
P₁ = initial pressure (atm)V₁ = initial volume (L)T₁ = initial temperature (K)P₂ = final pressure (atm)V₂ = final volume (L)T₂ = final temperature (K)According to this question, a 5.25 L gas initially at 534 mmHg and 22 degrees celsius is compressed to a final volume of 2.75 L at a new temperature of 15 degrees celsius. The final pressure can be calculated as follows;
22°C = 295K15°C = 288K534 mmHg = 0.703 atm0.703 × 5.25/295 = P₂ × 2.75/288
0.0125 = 0.00955P
P₂ = 1.31atm
Therefore, 1.31 atm is the final pressure of the gas compressed to a lower volume of 2.75L.
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How many seconds are in72 milliseconds?Give your answer in standard form.Ent
1) Convert milliseconds to seconds.
1 s = 1000 ms
[tex]s=72\text{ }ms*\frac{1\text{ }s}{1000\text{ }ms}=0.072\text{ }s[/tex]72 ms is equal to 0.072 s.
Ionic and covalent bonds help arrange atoms into unique structures for proteins like hemoglobin. Why is this necessary?
Responses
The structure of the protein allows it to carry out whatever function is needed the most.
The structure of the protein allows it to carry out whatever function is needed the most.
The bonds help hold the protein together but are unrelated to the function.
The bonds help hold the protein together but are unrelated to the function.
The ionic bonds alone in a protein help determine its function.
The ionic bonds alone in a protein help determine its function.
The structure of a protein allows it to carry out its unique function.
The structure of a protein allows it to carry out its unique function.
The reason why the Ionic and covalent bonds help arrange atoms into unique structures for proteins like hemoglobin is that the structure of a protein allows it to carry out its unique function.
What is the covalent bond?The covalent bond is the kind of bond that exists between two atoms in which the electrons between the two atoms are shared. The electrons cloud of the bond lies between the two atoms. For the ionic bond, there is a transfer of the electrons from one atom to another. We ought to note that the transfer is often from the metal to the non metal.
On the other hand, it should be noted that there are various kinds of bonding that are important to be able to keep the structure and the function of the protein. Aside from the covalent bonds that holds the atoms together, the ionic bonds could also be involved in the dipolar interactions that are responsible for the secondary structure of the protein.
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B. The structure of a protein allows it to carry out its unique function.
ur welcum
Please help me please please
Your system could not cool as effectively as it should due to refrigerant leakage. Your home cannot reach the target temperature due to your air conditioning system. However, it may also result in higher monthly energy costs.
What is the temperature called?Temperature is a unit used to represent hotness or coolness on any of a number of scales, including Celsius and Fahrenheit. According to temperature, heat energy will naturally move from a hotter (body with a high temp) to a colder (body with such a lower temperature) (one at a lower temperature)
What are the 4 types of temperature?The most widely used method of measuring temperature in the United States and several Caribbean regions is the Fahrenheit scale.Celsius Scale.Kelvin Scale.Rankine ScaleTo know more about Temperature visit:
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Powdered zinc and sulfur react in an extremely rapid, exothermic reaction. The zinc sulfide that is formed can be used in the phosphor coating on the inside of a television tube.Zn(s) + S(s) → ZnS(s)A 6.00 g sample of Zn is allowed to react with 3.35 g of S. Determine the excess reagent and how many grams of it will remain after the reaction.Select one:a.Zinc, 0.407 gb.Sulfur, 0.407 gc.Zinc, 8.94 gd.Sulfur, 8.94 g
Since the reaction is 1:1, the limiting reactant is Zn and the excess reactant is S.
Mass in excess of S
[tex]\text{ mass = 32.07 g/mol * \lparen}\frac{3.35\text{ g}}{32.07\text{ g/mol}}-\frac{6\text{ g}}{65.4\text{ g/mol}}\text{\rparen = 0.4078 g S}[/tex]So the answer is option b sulfur 0.407 g
A vessel, divided into two parts by a partition, contains 4 mol of nitrogen gas at 5°C and 30 bar on one side and 2.5 mol of argon gas at 1°C and 20 bar on the other. If the partition is removed and the gases mix adiabatically and completely, what is the change in entropy? Assume nitrogen to be an ideal gas with CV = (5/2)R and argon to be an ideal gas with CV = (3/2)R.
If the partition is removed and the gases mix adiabatically and completely, the change in entropy is equal to 263 K.
What is entropy?
The measure of a system's chaos is called entropy. It is an extensive property of a thermodynamic system, which means that the amount of matter in the system affects how much it is worth. Entropy is frequently represented in equations by the letter S and is measured in joules per kelvin (JK%-1) or kg/m^2/s^-2K^-1. The entropy of a highly ordered system is low.
Lets assume nitrogen is an ideal gas with CV=5R/2
and assume argon is also an ideal gas with CV=3R/2
n₁=4 moles
n₂=2.5 moles
t₁ = 5°C, in kelvin t₁= 5+273
t₁ = 278 K
t₂=1°C, in kelvin t = 1+273
t₂= 273 K
u=пCVΔT
U(N₂)+U(Ar)=0
putting values:
4x(5R/2)x(T(final)-278) = 2.5x(3R/2)x(T(final)-273)
by simplifying:
T(final) = 263K
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Why is glass useful for making eyeglasses?
OPTIONS
Glass is fragile yet strong.
Glass changes characteristics depending on how it is cooled.
Glass shaped into a lens can bend light that passes through it.
Glass coated with aluminum or silver reflects light.
Answer: Glass is see through
Explanation:
Answer: Glass shaped into lens can bend light that passes through it
A healthy eye focuses light directly on the retinaWhen a person's eyesight becomes poor the eye focuses light behind or in front of the retina2 Conditions- Hyperopia (far-sightedness) : When the eye focuses light behind of the retina.
- Myopia (near-sightedness): When the eye focuses light in front of the eye.
A lens can be created to help correct such issuesLenses will correct bend in light back directly onto the retina
Which tasks would Power, Structural, and Technical Systems employees most likely perform?
A. fix tractors, reassemble engines, operate bull dozers
B.package steaks, use laboratory equipment, know the standards for food storage facilities
C.track supplies, drive equipment, give advice about farm function
D.operate machinery in mines, record data on tree sizes, enforce rules and regulations
The tasks would Power, Structural, and Technical Systems employees most likely perform are option B. package steaks, use laboratory equipment, and know the standards for food storage facilities.
A technological machine is fixed of interconnected components that have been designed to satisfy a selected characteristic without, in addition, human design input. Technological structures transform, store, transport, or manage substances, energy, and/or statistics for a particular cause.
Individuals who paint in the electricity, Structural, and Technical structures pathway observe an understanding of engineering, hydraulics, pneumatics, electronics, energy, systems, and controls in the field of agriculture. They design agricultural structures in addition to equipment and gadget.
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Use the data below to calculate ΔH°rxn for the reaction MgO(s) + CO2(g) à MgCO3(s).
ΔH°f: MgO(s) = -602 kJ mol-1
, CO2(g) = -394 kJ mol-1 and MgCO3(s) = -1096 kJ mol-
The ΔH°rxn for the reaction MgO(s) + CO2(g) à MgCO3(s) is -100. kJ mol-1.
What is enthalpy ?
Enthalpy is a property or state function that resembles energy; it has the same dimensions as energy and is therefore measured in joules or ergs. The value of enthalpy is solely dependent on the temperature, pressure, and composition of the system, not on its history.
Using ΔH° = ∑ΔfH°(products) – ∑ΔfH°(reactants), the enthalpy change is:
ΔH° = ΔfH°(MgCO3(s)) – [ΔfH°(MgO(s)) + ΔfH°(CO2(g))]
= (-1096 – [-394 -602]) kJ mol-1
= -100. kJ mol-1
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What stress would shift the equilibrium position of the following system to the left? N2O3(g) ⇌ NO(g) + NO2(g); ΔH is negativea.The forward reaction is exothermic.b.The backward reaction has a negative net enthalpy.c.The colorless gas has a higher enthalpy than the brown gas.d.The equilibrium between the two forms of the gas is disturbed at high temperatures.
Answer
Explanation
N2O3(g) ⇌ NO(g) + NO2(g); ΔH is negative
The reaction is exothermic (ΔH is negative), an increase in the temperature will force the equilibrium to the left, causing the system to absorb heat and thus partially offset the rise in temperature.
Therefore, the correct answer is:
d. The equilibrium between the two forms of the gas is disturbed at high temperatures.
3.Two molecules of mercury oxide decompose into 2 molecules of mercury and 1 molecule of oxygen gas. Which of the following equations correctly describes this reaction?Select one:a. Ab. Bc. Cd. D
Answer
Explanation
If two molecules of mercury oxide decompose into 2 molecules of mercury and 1 molecule of oxygen gas, then the equation for the reaction is shown below
[tex]2HgO(s)\rightarrow2Hg(l)+O_2(g)[/tex]Calculate the grams of lead (III) iodide that can be produced from 5.00 moles of potassium iodideI picked A but I’m not sure if it’s correct
Explanation:
The question gives us the following reaction:
Pb(NO3)2 + 2 KI ---> PbI2 + 2KNO3
The equation tells us that 2 moles of potassium iodide (KI) produce 1 mole of lead(II) iodide (PbI2).
So:
2 moles KI ---- 1 mole PbI2
5 moles KI ---- x moles
x = 2.5 moles
Now let's transform 2.5 moles of PbI2 into grams:
m = n*MM
MM of PbI2 = 461 g/mol
m = 2.5*461 = 1,152.5 g
Answer: alternative "D" 1.15 x 10^3 g
How many liters of solution will be produced when diluting 1.65 L of a 0.432 M KI solution to 0.212 M KI?
All questions where they ask you about concentration or volume of a solution prepared with another solution can be solved using the following equation:
[tex]C_1V_1=C_2V_2[/tex]Where C1 is the concentration of the first solution, V1 is the volume of the first solution, C2 is the concentration of the second solution and V2 is the volume of the second solution. You only need to be careful to use the rigth units.
This particular question ask for the Volume of the second solution, V2. Then we need to solve for V2 in the previous equation:
[tex]V_2=\frac{C_1V_1}{C_2}=\frac{0.432\text{ M}\times1.65L}{0.212M}=3.36L[/tex]Which of the following is true of alloys?Question options:A) They must contain a metal.B) They must be held together by chemical bonds.C) They're liquid solutions.D) They can only be composed of metals.
Answer
C) They're liquid solutions.
Explanation
An alloy is a mixture of metal with a second metal or other non-metal material. Airplanes, bicycles, and cooking pots are all usually made of different types of alloys. Examples of alloys include stainless steel, brass, bronze, brass, solder metal, pewter, and sterling silver.
Alloys can contain more than one metal so option A is not true.
Elements of an alloy do not combine through a chemical reaction. The mixing is generally done at a very high temperature where the elements and metals are melted, mixed, and left to cool; hence option B is not true.
Also, option D is not true because alloys are a mixture of metal with a second metal or other non-metal.
Hence, the best option is that all alloys are liquid solutions of metals and or other non-metals.
The correct answer is option C) They're liquid solutions.
Who can do it? in no time...............
Answer:
Which one ? can u put a question here?
How much energy (Joules) is required to change 49.75 grams of liquid water from 95 Celsius to 105 Celsius?
The energy in Joules required to change 49.75 grams of liquid water from 95 Celsius to 105 Celsius is 2082.54J.
How to calculate energy?Energy is the ability to do work. The energy needed to heat a substance can be calculated using the following formula:
Q = mc∆T
Where;
Q = quantity of heat energy absorbed or releasedm = mass of substancec = specific heat capacity of water = 4.186 J/g°C∆T = change in temperatureAccording to this question, 49.75 grams of liquid water needs to be changed from 95 Celsius to 105 Celsius. The energy needed can be calculated as follows:
Q = 49.75 × 4.186 × (105 - 95)
Q = 2082.54J
Therefore, 2082.54J is the energy required to change the liquid water.
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I have pressure of 65 kPa and starting temperature of 25°C. If I raise the temperature to 167°C, what is the new pressure? (Equation: K= 273 +°CO 90 KPaO 100 kPaO 96 kPaO 97 kPa
96kPa. Option C is correct
Explanations:
According to Gay Lussac's law, the pressure of a given mass of gas is directly proportional to the temperature provided that the volume is constant. Mathematically:
[tex]\begin{gathered} P\alpha T \\ P=kT \\ k=\frac{P_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2}{T_2} \end{gathered}[/tex]Substituting the given parameters to determine the new pressure P2
[tex]\begin{gathered} P_2=\frac{P_1T_2}{T_1} \\ P_2=\frac{65\times(167+273)}{(25+273)} \\ P_2=\frac{65\times440}{298} \\ P_2=\frac{28600}{298}=95.97kPa \\ P_2\approx96kPa \end{gathered}[/tex]Therefore the new pressure is 96kPa
Using the glucose data in Document A and the balanced equation for photosynthesis inDocument B, calculate how much oxygen the plant made in one day.
The plant made in one day 0.54 moles of oxygen.
From the balanced equation for photosynthesis, we know that 6 moles of oxygen are produced when 1 mole of glucose is produced at the same time.
So, to calculate the amount of oxygen that a plant made in one day when it produced 0.090 moles of glucose, we can use a mathematical Rule of Three:
[tex]\begin{gathered} 1\text{mol Glucose}-6\text{mol Oxygen} \\ 0.090\text{mol Glucose-x=}\frac{0.090\text{mol Glucose}\cdot6\text{mol Oxygen}}{1\text{mol Glucose}} \\ x=0.54\text{mol Oxygen} \end{gathered}[/tex]Finally, the plant made in one day 0.54 moles of oxygen.
Which analogy best describes theories?
Theories are like rocks because they can change but not easilly.
Theories are like tides because they frequently go back and forth.
Theories are like time because they are eternal and never change.
Theories are like clay because they can be molded to fit changing opinions.
The analogy that best describes theories is that theories are like clay because they can be molded to fit changing opinions.
A theory is a thorough explanation of a scientific phenomenon that incorporates laws, hypotheses, and facts. For example, the gravitational field hypothesis explains why fruits fall from trees and astronauts float in space. A theory can be related to a clay as it can be moulded as per the observations. The more observations a theory anticipates, the more tests it passes, and the more facts it explains, the longer its core premises hold true.
A theory should be consistent with new data. If not, the theory is changed or abandoned. The more observations a theory anticipates, the more tests it passes, and the more facts it explains, the longer its core premises hold true.
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