Imagine an animal cell lost half of its mitochondria. Explain how the cell would be different.
YOU WILL GET 100 POINTS.
Answer:
Without mitochondria (singular, mitochondrion), higher animals would likely not exist because their cells would only be able to obtain energy from anaerobic respiration (in the absence of oxygen), a process much less efficient than aerobic respiration. ...
Explanation:
Mitochondria are rod-shaped organelles that can be considered the power generators of the cell, converting oxygen and nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is the chemical energy "currency" of the cell that powers the cell's metabolic activities. This process is called aerobic respiration and is the reason animals breathe oxygen. Without mitochondria (singular, mitochondrion), higher animals would likely not exist because their cells would only be able to obtain energy from anaerobic respiration (in the absence of oxygen), a process much less efficient than aerobic respiration. In fact, mitochondria enable cells to produce 15 times more ATP than they could otherwise, and complex animals, like humans, need large amounts of energy in order to survive.
mitochondrion is different from most other organelles because it has its own circular DNA (similar to the DNA of prokaryotes) and reproduces independently of the cell in which it is found; an apparent case of endosymbiosis. Scientists hypothesize that millions of years ago small, free-living prokaryotes were engulfed, but not consumed, by larger prokaryotes, perhaps because they were able to resist the digestive enzymes of the host organism. The two organisms developed a symbiotic relationship over time, the larger organism providing the smaller with ample nutrients and the smaller organism providing ATP molecules to the larger one. Eventually, according to this view, the larger organism developed into the eukaryotic cell and the smaller organism into the mitochondrion.
in most animal species, mitochondria appear to be primarily inherited through the maternal lineage, though some recent evidence suggests that in rare instances mitochondria may also be inherited via a paternal route. Typically, a sperm carries mitochondria in its tail as an energy source for its long journey to the egg. When the sperm attaches to the egg during fertilization, the tail falls off. Consequently, the only mitochondria the new organism usually gets are from the egg its mother provided. Therefore, unlike nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA doesn't get shuffled every generation, so it is presumed to change at a slower rate, which is useful for the study of human evolution. Mitochondrial DNA is also used in forensic science as a tool for identifying corpses or body parts, and has been implicated in a number of genetic diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and diabetes.
i hope this is helpful
have a grest day!!:))
If any of y’all can give me the definition for these words I will give 5 stars ,like and brainlest or whatever it’s called
Answer:
rRNA - Ribosomal RNA, a molecular component of a ribosome, the cell's essential protein factory. Strictly speaking, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) does not make proteins. It makes polypeptides (assemblies of amino acids) that go to make up proteins
tRNA - Transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) is a type of RNA molecule that helps decode a messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence into a protein. tRNAs function at specific sites in the ribosome during translation, which is a process that synthesizes a protein from an mRNA molecule.
Explanation:
Which enzyme activate vitamin K in the liver and blocked by which drug?
Answer:
menadione
Explanation:
Vitamin K is a fat soluble vitamin that exists in two natural forms: phytonadione (K1: fye toe" na dye' one) which is derived from plant sources and menadione (K2: men" a dye’ one) which is derived from bacterial sources. Vitamin K is a cofactor in the photosynthetic electron-transport system in green plants, which are the major dietary source of vitamin K for humans. High levels of vitamin K1 are found in leafy green vegetables while vitamin K2 is found in meat, milk and butter. In humans, vitamin K is an essential cofactor in the gamma-carboxylation of glutamate residues of several clotting factors and anticoagulant proteins. Hope this helps!
List 2 natural hazards
due to Earth's internal
convection.
3.We anticipate our recombinant DHFR protein to be functional for use in future research applications. However, if you had been able to test functionality and found that your recombinant GST-DHFR-His protein was not functional, what would you propose is one potential issue you would investigate to troubleshoot further. In other words, what is one thing that could have gone wrong to result in non- functional protein from the method used and results obtained this semester
Answer:
In the given case, the protein would have required to go through the process of post-translational modification, however, the mentioned protein would have been cultured in the prokaryotic system, the process of post-translational modification would have failed to take place. This step would be essential for the functionality of the protein. Thus, there is a need to culture it within the eukaryotic system.
The covalent and generally the enzymatic modification of proteins post its biosynthesis is termed as post-translational modification.
PLEASE HELP ME WITH 10 and 11!! :(
Answer:
Please find the answers to numbers 10 and 11 of the attached image below.
Explanation:
10. This question lists the stages of mitosis namely: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. The major events that take place in each of these stages are as follows:
A) PROPHASE:
- the supercoiled chromosomes known as chromatin begins to condense making it visible.
- spindle begins to emerge from the centrosome organelle.
- Nuclear envelope begins to break down in order to expose the chromosomes in the nucleus.
B) METAPHASE:
- The chromosome are aligned at the cell plate i.e. the equator/middle of the cell.
C) ANAPHASE:
- The sister chromatids of each chromosome i.e. replicated chromosomes are pulled apart at the centromere by spindle microtubules to the opposite poles of the cell.
D) TELOPHASE:
- Chromosomes at opposite poles begin to decondense into chromatin.
- The nuclear envelope reforms around the chromosomes
11) Cytokinesis is the process that occurs after mitosis (nuclear division). It is the process whereby the cell whose chromosomes are now separated into opposite poles divide into two. In other words, a cell divides into two in the cytokinesis stage.
What two body systems will work together to provide cells with energy?
A. Excretory and Digestive, because the nutrients from the digested food will be sent to the excretory to be delivered out as waste products.
B. Digestive and Muscular, because the nutrients from the digested food will be used immediately by the muscles for energy.
C. Respiratory and Excretory, because the oxygen will be transported to the cells so that wastes can be delivered out as a waste production.
D. Digestive and Cardiovascular, because the food will be broken down and nutrients will be sent in the bloodstream to the cells for use.
Answer:
Answer:
The correct answer for the first question would be B) the respiratory and circulatory systems.
Respiratory system is a set of organs which help in exchange of gases in the body. They bring oxygen from outside into the body and release carbon dioxide from inside the body to outside world. The exchange of the gases takes place at alveolar site (or gills in aquatic animals).
The circulatory system then carries this oxygen (mixed in blood) from gas exchange site to all the cells of the body. In addition, it also brings carbon dioxide (waste product of cellular respiration) from all the cells to the gas exchange site (respiratory system).
The correct answer of the second question would be C)the digestive and circulatory systems.
Digestive system helps in breaking down of macro-molecules (such as starch, polypeptide, fats) into smaller units (such as glucose, fructose, amino acids) as well as absorption of the same.
Nutrients from the absorptive site (usually small intestine) are then transported to the entire body with the help of blood through capillaries and arteries that is, circulatory system.
Explanation:
Body systems that will work together to provide cells with energy are:-Digestive and Cardiovascular, because the food will be broken down and nutrients will be sent in the bloodstream to the cells for use.
Digestive system will breakdown complex macromolecules into micro molecules which are then transferred into blood.Blood or Cardiovascular system will carry these micro nutrients to different parts of the body Describe digestive system?It is system that include organs that take in food and liquids and break them down into substances that the body can use for energy.
Describe cardio vascular systemThe circulatory system or cardiovascular system pumps blood from the heart to the lung to get oxygen. The heart then sends the oxygenated blood through arteries to the rest of the body. Veins carry deoxygenated blood from various parts of the body to lungs.To know more about body systems here
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whole grain rye flour that produces dark coarse loaves when used to make bread
Answer:
if your asking if this is t or f then this is true
What effect does dietary protein have on the body?
Answer:
Dehydrating effect
Explanation:
Answer:
Dietary protein serves several important functions. It provides the essential amino acids, which are used for protein synthesis in the growth and repair of tissue, and it is the body's principal source of nitrogen.
Proteins come in ____ structure varieties.
4
20
12
8
Answer:
4? am aint sure sorry,but base on the website 4
Scenario 1
When you think of the American Southwest, you probably think of cacti, both big and small. If you were to
visit the American Southwest today, you might be disappointed with the lack of variation among cactus
species, especially right off the major highways. In 1926, Route 66 was the nation's first major highway to
allow visitors to visit the Southwest. Like many tourists, these visitors wanted to take home a memento of
their travels. Many people would pull over and begin looking for their own living souvenir. Since many of the
tourists did not have the necessary tools to extract a spiny cactus out of the soil, they usually had to make a
conscious decision about what type of cactus they should dig up. The cacti with too many spines were seen
as too difficult to dig out, and the visitors likely didn't have gloves to protect their hands. The cacti with too
few spines were seen as homely and were often overlooked. Therefore, the tourists found a cactus that was
between these two extremes. Over the last century, the phenotypic variation within these small cacti has
changed (at least in areas accessible by these highways).
what is the correct equation for photosynthesis?
Answer:
6CO2 + 6H20 ⇒ C6H12O6 + 6O2
Explanation:
Carbon Dioxide + Water ⇒ Glucose + Oxygen
Photosynthesis is the process through which plants prepare their own food in the presence of sunlight in the chloroplast of the cell.
What is Photosynthesis?Photosynthesis is the process of transformation of energy from solar energy (radiation) into chemical energy. The chemical energy is present in the form of chemical bonds present in the glucose molecule (carbohydrate).
The process of photosynthesis is commonly written as:
6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
This means that the reactants in the process are six molecules of carbon dioxide and six water molecules, are converted by the light energy (radiation) captured by chlorophyll into a sugar molecule (carbohydrate) and six oxygen molecules, as the products.
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Practice Classify each of the following examples as toxic, sediment, nutrient, and/or bacterial pollution.
Explain your classifications.
A Logging removes trees from a hill, leaving a barren landscape.
Classification:
Explanation:
Answer:
Sediment pollution
Explanation:
There is no more vegetation on the hill to prevent sediment from being carried away
Logging removes trees from a hill, leaving a barren landscape is sediment pollution.
Pollution refers to any contamination of the natural environment with unwanted material or energy which renders the environment unfit for life. There are many kinds of pollution that affect various spheres of the environment such as land, air water etc.
When trees are logged from a hill in such a manner that the landscape is left barren, sediments can now easily be washed away by runoff into surrounding water bodies or other areas. This is an example of sediment pollution.
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What is the percent by mass of a solution that contains 10g of H2O in 50 g of solution?
Answer:
20% H2O
Explanation:
(10÷50)x100
=20%
D. None of the above are correct.
32. A hypothesis
A. a list of independent variables used in a scientific experiment
B. an educated prediction of the outcome of a scientific experiment
C. the number of treatments applied to the organisms in an experiment
D. None of the above.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
trust
Answer:
B
Explanation:
A hypothesis is a prediction you make based off the evidence you currently have to figure our what your end result will be.
Which part of an experimental procedure would be written on the x-axis of a graph?
Answer:
The x-axis of your graph represents the independent variable, while the y-axis of your graph represents the dependent variable.
Explanation:
What is the coriollis effect
Answer:
The Coriolis effect is defined as how a moving object seems to veer toward the right in the Northern hemisphere and left in the Southern hemisphere.
Explanation:
Please give brainliest!
Distinguish the types of forgetting: anterograde amnesia, retrograde amnesia, encoding failure, retrieval failure, and interference (both retroactive and proactive).
Answer:
Anterograde amnesia is the inability to create new memories after the onset of amnesia, while memories from before the event remain intact. Brain regions related to this condition include the medial temporal lobe, medial diencephalon, and hippocampus. Anterograde amnesia can be caused by the effects of long-term alcoholism, severe malnutrition, stroke, head trauma, surgery, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, cerebrovascular events, anoxia, or other trauma. Retrograde amnesia is the inability to recall memories made before the onset of amnesia. Retrograde amnesia is usually caused by head trauma or brain damage to parts of the brain other than the hippocampus (which is involved with the encoding process of new memories). Brain damage causing retrograde amnesia can be as varied as a cerebrovascular accident, stroke, tumor, hypoxia, encephalitis, or chronic alcoholism. The there is encoding failure. Encoding is the process of converting sensory input into a form able to be processed and stored in the memory. However, this process can be impacted by a number of factors, and how well information is encoded affects how well it is able to be recalled later. On the other hand, retrieval failure is the failure to recall information in the absence of memory cues. Proactive interference occurs when old memories hinder the ability to make new memories. In this type of interference, old information inhibits the ability to remember new information, such as when outdated scientific facts interfere with the ability to remember updated facts. This often occurs when memories are learned in similar contexts, or regarding similar things. It’s when we have preconceived notions about situations and events, and apply them to current situations and events.Retroactive interference occurs when old memories are changed by new ones, sometimes so much that the original memory is forgotten. This is when newly learned information interferes with and impedes the recall of previously learned information. The ability to recall previously learned information is greatly reduced if that information is not utilized, and there is substantial new information being presented. This often occurs when hearing recent news figures, then trying to remember earlier facts and figures.
Explanation:
The diagram shows the structure of glucose, a molecule that organisms make and use.
The structural formula of glucose, C6H1206, shows a ring of 5 carbon atoms and 1 oxygen atom. Four carbons in the ring are each bonded to an -H and an -OH group. The fifth carbon is bonded to a CH2OH group.
The structure of glucose illustrates which of the following properties of carbon?
A. Carbon can form bonds with several other elements.
B. A carbon atom can bond with up to five other atoms.
C. Carbon atoms can bond only with oxygen.
D. Carbon can form bonds with only hydrogen.
E. Carbon atoms can form rings of hexagons only.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
This property is illustrated by the bond it forms with other carbon atoms, oxygen and hydrogen
In hummingbirds feather color is incompletely dominant. A rather large population of hummingbirds has 396 red-sided individuals (RR), 257 brown sided individuals (Re) and 557 tan-sided individuals orr). Calculate the following:_______.
a. What is the allele frequency of the Rallele (o)?
b. What is the allele frequency of the rallele (a)?
Migration season comes and 200 of the red-sided individuals leave the nosulation before mating occurs.
c. After migration season what is the new allele frequency of the Rallele (0)?
d. After migration season, what is the new allele frequency of the rallelelo?
e. Which mechanism of evolution (natural selection, genetic drift, or gene flow) caused the allele frequencies to change?
Answer:
a) Frequency of the R allele: [(396 x 2) + 257] / (396 x 2) + (257 x 2) + (557 x 2) = 1049 / 2420 = 0.433
b) Frequency of the r allele: [(557 x 2) + 257] / (396 x 2) + (257 x 2) + (557 x 2) = 1371 / 2420 = 0.567
c) Frequency of the R allele: [(196 x 2) + 257] / (196 x 2) + (257 x 2) + (557 x 2) = 649 / 2020 = 0.321
d) Frequency of the r allele: [(557 x 2) + 257] / (196 x 2) + (257 x 2) + (557 x 2) = 1371 / 2020 = 0.679
e) migration is gene flow
Explanation:
Gene flow (also referred to as gene migration) is the movement of genes that acts to change allele frequencies in local populations by transferring genetic material from one population to another. Gene flow may be caused either by the movement of organisms that reproduce in new populations (migration), or by the movement of gametes (for example, pollen dispersal in plants).
What two items are the products of photosynthesis?
Answer:
Summary. The photosynthesis chemical equation states that the reactants (carbon dioxide, water and sunlight), yield two products, glucose and oxygen gas. The single chemical equation represents the overall process of photosynthesis.
please give an perfect answer
Answer:
a neutral solution? i think
Mike has a problem with his testosterone. He is unable to produce enough.
Which will most likely be affected by his inability to produce testosterone? Select two options.
urine production
sperm production
producing fluid to help sperm move
appearance of secondary sex characteristics
egg production
egg movement to the uterus
Answer:
B and D
Explanation:
Answer:
b,d
Explanation:
please help soon!!
Erwin Chargaff's work on the composition of nucleic acids began in 1944. His findings, which later became known as
Chargaff's rules, detail the specific pairings that occur in double-stranded DNA molecules.
According to one of Chargaff's rules, a section of DNA molecule that contains 50 base pairs and has 15 adenine
bases must also contain
a- 15 guanine bases
b- 15 cytosine bases
c- 15 thymine bases
d- 15 uracil bases
Answer:I think 15 cytosine based
What is its primary function of the structure?
Answer:
What structure? Tell me and I'll come back and edit this answer to help!
Explanation:
Plant cells are what build/make-up the plants although the main purpose is Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis happens in the Chloroplasts of the plant cell and it is the process that plants get food, by taking advantage of Sunlight, Carbon Dioxide, and Water
are mature forests a renewable resourse?
Answer: No
Explanation:
In some places such as in parts of the tropics, forests don't grow back at all after logging this is why old-growth forests are usually considered nonrenewable resources.
Which organisms fix nitrogen into forms like ammonia?
Answer:
Bacteria
Explanation:
Interneuronal communication occurs via _______________ messengers that are released from the presynaptic neuron. These are called _____________ and they act by binding to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. This binding opens ____________ channels, which can either hyperpolarize or depolarize the postsynaptic neuron membrane. This action is kept relatively short by either the decomposition or the ______________ of neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft.
Answer:
Interneuronal communication occurs via chemical messengers that are released from the presynaptic neuron. These are called neurotransmitters and they act by binding to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. This binding opens Ion channels, which can either hyperpolarize or depolarize the postsynaptic neuron membrane. This action is kept relatively short by either the decomposition or the reuptake of neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft.
Explanation:
Neurons are communicated to each other by a process known as synapsis. Synapsis occurs when the presynaptic neuron sends a message to the postsynaptic neuron. Vesicles from the presynaptic membranes are sent carrying the chemical messenger in their interior. This messenger is called a neurotransmitter and is released by exocytose to the synaptic space. Then the neurotransmitter goes forward to the postsynaptic membrane. When it reaches this last membrane, the neurotransmitter binds its receptor triggering an answer and opening ion channels. This binding produces depolarization of the cell called excitatory postsynaptic potential. If the signal molecule keeps being in the synaptic space, it keeps linking to its receptor and causing a postsynaptic answer. To stop this process, the neurotransmitter must be taken out from the synaptic space by enzymatic degradation/deactivation or Reuptake. There are receptors located in the presynaptic membrane that can capture de molecule to store it back in new vesicles, for posterior use.
Agrobacterium, a tumor-producing bacterium that infects plants, has been of recent interest because of its possible use as a vector for genetically engineering plants.
A. True
B. False
Answer:
A. True
Explanation:
A tumor producing bacteria named Agrobacterium tumefaciens is very much in use in the field of biotechnology recently. The bacteria consists of a tumor producing gene that is incorporated in the plasmid called as 'Ti plasmid' or the tumor causing plasmid. The gene of the interest is incorporated in the plasmid and the plants is infected by it. In this way the plant receives the gene interest.
This agrobacterium can be used as a vector in the genetically engineered plants.
Hence the answer is true.
The transfer of heat energy in a liquid or gas through the motion of the liquid or
gas caused by differences in density is called?*
O Conduction
O Convention
O Concentration
O Convection