The Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory clarifies what Svante Arrhenius were not able to explain in their theory of acids and bases regarding ammonia as -
Svante Arrhenius theory states that -
In order for a substance to release H⁺ or OH⁻ ions, it must contain that very ion. But, this does not explain the weak base ammonia NH₃.
In Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory -
Acids are the proton donating group while bases are the proton accepting group.
Ammonia is a nitrogen and hydrogen inorganic compound. Ammonia is a gas which is colourles, it is strong, and has a pungent smell. Its chemical formula is NH₃.
Ammonia is a stable binary hydride. It is the most basic nitrogen hydride. It is a typical nitrogenous waste, specifically among aquatic organisms. It contributes to the nutritional requirements of terrestrial organisms. It acts as a forerunner to 45 percent of the food and fertilizers all over the world.
70% of ammonia with urea and di-ammonium phosphate, is used to create fertilizers. It is available in a variety of shapes and compositions. The pure ammonia is spread onto the ground.
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NASA communicates with the Space Shuttle and International Space Station using Ku-band microwave radio. Suppose NASA transmits a microwave signal to the Space Shuttle using radio waves with a frequency of . Calculate the wavelength of these radio waves.
Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.
The wavelength of these radio waves with a frequency 18GHz is equal to 0.0167m.
What is microwave communication?Microwave transmission is the method of transmission of information by electromagnetic waves that lie in the microwave range (1 m - 1 mm) of the electromagnetic spectrum. Microwave signals are limited to the line of sight, so long-distance transmission using these signals needs a series of repeaters to create a microwave relay network.
The relationship between wavelength (λ) and frequency (ν) can be expressed as follow:
λ = c/ν
Given, the frequency of the radio wave = 18GHz
The frequency in (per second) = 18 × 10⁹ s⁻¹
The wavelength of the radiowaves, λ = c/ν
where c is the speed of light and has a value of 3× 10⁸ m/s.
λ = c/ν = 3× 10⁸ m/s./ 18 × 10⁹ s⁻¹
λ = 0.0167 m
Therefore, the wavelength of these radio waves is equal to 0.0167m.
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Your question was incomplete, most probably the complete question was,
NASA communicates with the Space Shuttle and International Space Station using Ku-band microwave radio. Suppose NASA transmits a microwave signal to the Space Shuttle using radio waves with a frequency of 18GHz. Calculate the wavelength of these radio waves.
Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.
Cadmium (Cd) is a solid at room temperature, forms an ion that has a +1 or +2 charge, is a less reactive metal, and forms more than one unique compound with a given nonmetal. Because of these properties, cadmium (Cd) could also be identified as
a halogen.
an alkaline earth metal.
a transition metal.
an alkali metal.
Because of these properties, cadmium (Cd) could also be identified as a transition metal.
Cadmium (Cd) is a solid at room temperature, forms an ion that has a +1 or +2 charge, is a less reactive metal, and forms more than one unique compound with a given nonmetal.
Transition metal, any of various chemical factors which have valence electrons i.e., electrons that can participate inside the formation of chemical bonds in two shells as opposed to simplest one.
Transition metals are determined within the periodic desk among the s-block and p-block elements. Hence, they are known as d-block elements. Transition metals are unstable metals that display transitional conduct between s and p block elements, therefore their name.
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Find the volume of oxygen that has a mass of 250. 0 g
NEED HELP ASAP PLEASE!!!
At STP, the volume of oxygen of mass 250g is found to be 175mL.
Volume is the amount of space occupied by an item or substance. Volume is a measurement of how much 3-dimensional space an object occupies. Volume is the measurement of a limited quantity of area at a specific end.
Mass is a measurement of the quantity of matter in an item or substance. Mass is the physical quantity that represents the amount of matter in an object's body. The amount of weight accommodated in an item or stuff is measured in mass.
Density - The amount of space taken up by an item or substance (its volume) in proportion to the amount of matter in that thing or substance (its mass).
Given:
Mass = 250g = 0.25kg
Density at STP = 1.4291g/L
To find:
Volume = ?
Formula:
Density = Mass / Volume
Calculations:
Volume = Mass / Density
Volume = 0.25 / 1.4291
Volume = 0.175L
Volume = 175mL
Result:
The volume of oxygen of mass 250g is found to be 175mL at STP.
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how shielding effect the ionization energy??
If something is renewable, then it can be used carelessly. True or false
consider a gas cylinder containing 0.250 moles of an ideal gas in a volume of 6.00 l with a pressure of 1.00 atm. the cylinder is surrounded by a constant temperature bath at 292.0 k. with an external pressure of 3.00 atm, the cylinder is compressed to 2.00 l. calculate the w(gas) for this compression process, in j.
The work done by the isothermal compression of the gas is -666.7 J.
What is the work done by the compression of the gas in an isothermal process?The work done by the compression of a gas in an isothermal process or at constant temperature is given by the formula below:
Work done, W = nRT ln(Vf / Vi)
where;
Vi = final volume of gas Vf = initial volume of gasFrom the data provided:
number of moles, n = 0.250 moles
Molar gas constant, R = 8.314 J/K/mol
Temperature, T = 292 K
Vf = 2.00 L
Vi = 6.00 L
W = 0.25 * 8.314 * 292 * ln(2/6)
Work done = -666.7 J
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an aqueous solution of hydrobromic acid is standardized by titration with a 0.162 m solution of barium hydroxide. if 29.3 ml of base are required to neutralize 25.9 ml of the acid, what is the molarity of the hydrobromic acid solution? m hydrobromic acid
The molarity of hydrobromic acid is 0.2909 M and molarity of barium hydroxide is 0.1517 M.
The balanced chemical reaction of hydrobromic acid(HBr) and barium hydroxide(Ba(OH)2) is :2HBr(aq) + Ba(OH)2(aq) BaBr2(aq) + 2H2O(l)
So for every 2 moles of hydrobromic acid (acid) 1 mole of barium hydroxide(base) is used for neutralisation.
It is given that 22.0ml of 0.162M solution of barium hydroxide is used for complete neutralisation So no of millimoles of base used =22*0.162=3.564
Number of millimoles of acid required=2*3.564=7.128
Let x be the molarity of acid.then x multiplied by volume(in ml) would give the number of millimoles as molarity=moles/volume7.128=x*24.5x=0.2909
So molarity of hydrobromic acid is 0.2909 M
The balanced chemical reaction of hydroiodic acid (HCl) and barium hydroxide(Ba(OH)2) is :2HI (aq) + Ba(OH)2 (aq) Bal2(aq) +2H2O(l)
So for every 2 moles of hydroiodic acid (acid) 1 mole of barium hydroxide(base) is used for neutralisation.
It is given that 18.8 ml of 0.197M solution of hydroiodic acid is used for complete neutralisation
So no of millimoles of acid used = 18.8*0.197=3.7036Number of millimoles of base required=3.7036/2=1.8518
Let x be the molarity of base.then x multiplied by volume(in ml) would give the number of millimoles as molarity=moles/volume1.8518=x*12.2x=0.1517So molarity of barium hydroxide is 0.1517 M
Therefore, molarity of hydrobromic acid is 0.2909 M and molarity of barium hydroxide is 0.1517 M.
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How can you use different properties and changes to identify a chemical substance? Choose all that apply.
Specific pure substances have their own unique properties.
When separating mixtures, you can use their properties to determine what separation technique is needed.
You can compare properties and changes of an unknown substance to a known one to see if they are the same or different.
Different substances will have different properties and will change in different ways.
You can create classifications of substances based on their properties and/or changes.
We can use different properties and changes to identify a chemical substance through the following below:
Specific pure substances have their own unique properties.When separating mixtures, you can use their properties to determine what separation technique is needed.You can compare properties and changes of an unknown substance to a known one to see if they are the same or different.Different substances will have different properties and will change in different ways.You can create classifications of substances based on their properties and/or changes.What is a Chemical substance?This is referred to as a type of substance which has a definite composition and properties and it is based on different factors.
Pure substances have their own unique properties and a mixture can be separated by using the right techniques through this which is why all is the correct choice.
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based on the amounts of starting materials used, a chemist calculates a possible yield of 213.4 g213.4 g in a reaction. however, after isolating her purified product, she finds that she has only 198.5 g198.5 g of products. what is her percent yield for this reaction?
The percent yield of this reaction when based on the amounts of starting materials used, a chemist calculates a possible yield of 213.4 g in a reaction and isolating her purified product, she finds that she has only 198.5g of products is 93%
The percent yield is the experimental yield upon theoretical yield divided by 100
The experimental yield is 198.5 g
The theoretical yield is 213.4 g
The percent yield is as follows;
% yield= 198.5 g/213.4= 0.93x100
%yield=93%
The actual yield is the quantity of product that is produced from a certain quantity of reactant.It is a way of measuring the reaction's progress and the products formed in the reaction.To learn more about percent yield visit:
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what is the net ionic equation for CrCl3 + Ba(NO3)2
Answer:
[tex]3Ba^{2+}\text{ + 6Cl}^-\text{ }\rightarrow\text{ 3BaCl}_{2(s)}[/tex]Explanation:
Here, we want to write the net ionic equation
We start by writing the complete equation of reaction:
[tex]2CrCl_3\text{ + 3Ba\lparen NO}_3)\placeholder{⬚}_2\rightarrow3BaCl_{2(s)}\text{ + 2Cr\lparen NO}_3)\placeholder{⬚}_3[/tex]Now, we write out the ions as follows:
[tex]2Cr^{3+}\text{ + 6Cl}^-\text{ + 3Ba}^{2+}\text{ + 3NO}_3^-\text{ }\rightarrow\text{ 3BaCl}_2\text{ + 2Cr}^{3+}\text{ + 3NO}_3^-[/tex]The Chromium and Nitrate ions are spectator ions
Thus, we have:
[tex]3Ba^{2+}\text{ + 6Cl}^-\text{ }\rightarrow\text{ 3BaCl}_2[/tex]Which is the balanced version of the half-reaction below?
H₂S → S + H+
OA. H₂S → S+H* + e
OB. H₂S + 2e → S + 2H+
OC. H₂S →S + 2H*
OD. H₂S →S + 2H+ + 2e
The balanced version of the half reaction is H2S - S + 2H+ , this is how we balance half reactions.
What is half reaction and how the half reaction is balanced?We must have studied redox reaction , which is the reaction in which one component of reactant undergoes oxidation and other undergoes reduction.Half reaction is either only the oxidation or only the reduction of the redox reaction.Whenever we balance a equation or reaction we always try to balance by equalizing the coefficients of the components .Here in this question in which only half reaction is given to balance , there will be one sulphur and two hydrogen in the product .To know more about half-reaction visit:
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which reaction takes place in the catalytic converter of an automobile? group of answer choices conversion of co2 to co conversion of no to n2 and o2 conversion of n2 and o2 to no2 conversion of so2 to s and o2
The conversion of NO to N2 is the reaction that takes place in the catalytic converter of an automobile.
To minimize harmful pollutants, catalytic converters use redox (reduction and oxidation) reactions. They make use of a platinum and rhodium-based reduction catalyst. It helps to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) by eliminating nitrogen atoms from nitrogen oxide molecules (NO and NO2).Thus, oxygen gas can be created from free oxygen (O2)Another illustration of surface catalysis is the catalytic converter, in which the reactant molecules are adsorbed onto a solid surface before they react with the catalyst to create the product. The surface area of the catalyst in contact with the reactants influences the rate of a surface-catalyzed reaction.To learn more about catalytic converter visit:
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write a net iconic equation for the reaction that occurs when strong base (use oh−oh− for strong base) is added to a buffer made from acetic acid (ch3coohch3cooh) and sodium acetate (ch3coonach3coona)
The net ionic reaction equation for the change that happens when strong base is added to this buffer looks like this:
CH₃COOH(aq) + OH⁻(aq) → CH₃COO⁻(aq) + H₂O(l)
To solve this problem, we need to consider what will happen when a strong base is added to a buffer solution made from acetic acid and sodium acetate. All buffers have a basic and an acidic component. In this one the acidic component is, obviously, acetic acid, a weak acid.
When making a buffer based on a weak acid, the basic component is usually a salt of that acid, in this case, sodium acetate.
When a strong base is added to the buffer, it will dissociate to yield the metal cation and the OH⁻ anion. The basic OH⁻ anion will interact with the acidic component, neutralizing it and forming the acetate ion and water.
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How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis similar?
Both processes break down glucose.
Both processes create food for organisms.
Both processes produce waste.
Both processes take place in chloroplasts.
Cellular respiration and photosynthesis similar is both processes break down glucose
Photosynthesis converts carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose and glucose is used as food by the plant and oxygen in a byproduct whereas cellular respiration converts oxygen and glucose into water and carbon dioxide and both processes break down glucose and both are processes within the cell which make chemical energy available for life
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What is the wavelength of a wave with a frequency of 105.7 x 10^6 Hz *
our answer
2.83 lamda is the wavelength of a wave with a frequency of 105.7 x10^6 Hz in here.
What is wavelength , frequency, and what is the wavelength?Wavelength is the measure of the distance of the light wave in a medium provided or the target object is emitting light in.Frequency is generally the number of oscillations per second and is in inverse relation with wavelength .Here in this question is given the frequency of the wave 105.7 x 10^6 Hz and the wavelength is asked.We will use the equation c= frequency x lamda , and which will imply wavelength = speed of light / frequency = 3 x 10^8 / 105.7 x10^6= 2.83 Lambda.Hence the wavelength of the wave with frequency 105.7 x 10^6 is 2.83 lamda.To know more about wavelength visit:
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A tortoise uses its eyes to see something moving nearby. The tortoise feels threatened by the movement. It pulls its head, legs, and tail into its shell. The tortoise's shell is hard and thick. This helps protect the turtle's soft body parts from any danger. Which of these describes a response of the tortoise to sensory information processed by its brain?
A. The tortoises shell is hard and thick.
B. The tortoise pulls its head, legs, and tail into its shell.
C. The tortoises soft body parts are protected from any danger.
D. The tortoise uses its eyes to see something moving nearby.
Pick the odd one out -:
milk, ink, salt and carbon dioxide
Answer:
salt
Explanation:
cause salt is a solid item
Which physical change is endothermic?
A) CO2(l) → CO2(s)
B) CO2(g) → CO2(s)
C) CO2(g) → CO2(l)
D) CO2(s) → CO2(g)
Physical change of a substance involves the change in phase or state. The physical change which is endothermic is, conversion of solid carbon to gaseous carbon.
What is endothermic reaction?Endothermic reactions are those which absorbs heat energy to give the products. Thus heat is taken into the reaction system hence the name endothermic.
In exothermic reactions, the heat energy is released by the reaction system, where the heat is exiting hence the name exothermic.
When solids changes to gaseous state, the tightly packed molecules in the solid state requires much energy to move apart and to overcome the intermolecular forces of attraction.
Liquid to gas does not require these much energy and gas to liquid evolves energy out. Therefore, the physical change given here which is endothermic is conversion of solid carbon dioxide to gas carbon dioxide.
Hence, option D is correct.
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when 35.0kg of sio2 react with 25.3kg of c, 14.4kg of si are recovered. what is the percent yield for the reaction?
when 35.0kg of sio2 react with 25.3kg of c, 14.4kg of si are recovered.
The percent yield for the reaction is 8.8012%
sio2 + 2c = si + co
moles of sio2 = 35*[tex]10^{3}[/tex] / 600.02 = 582.503mol
moles of c = 25*[tex]10^{3}[/tex] / 12 = 2.1083 kcal
yield = moles of si produced / mole of sio2 used
= 512.72/582.36 * 100
= 8.8012%
chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances the reactants—are changed into one or more additional substances the products. Chemical elements and compounds are both substances. To produce various compounds as products, a chemical reaction rearranges the atoms that make up the reactants.
Technology, culture, and life itself are all influenced by chemical interactions. Numerous activities that involve chemical reactions have been known and used for thousands of years, including burning fuels, smelting iron, creating glass and pottery, brewing beer, and producing wine and cheese. Numerous intricate processes that take place in all living systems, as well as the Earth's geology, atmosphere, and oceans, include chemical interactions.
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need help on this for science
Answer:
For part A : Length = 3
Width = 3
Height = 4
For part B : on multiplying 3 × 4 × 3 = 36
For part C : Answer = 36
what charge ion would be expected for an element that has these ionization energies? ie1 (kj/mol) 500 ie2 (kj/mol) 1000 ie3 (kj/mol) 9000 ie4 (kj/mol) 10,000 ie5 (kj/mol) 11,020 ie6 (kj/mol) 13.160 ie7 (kj/mol) 17870 ie8 (kj/mol) 23600
500 ie2 (kj/mol) would be expected for an element.
The value of IE2 (second ionization energy) is 16 times more than IE1(first ionization energy). So, the elements easily release outer most one electron as the IE1 value is low. But, it is very reluctant to release second electron which reflected in the IE2 value. Therefore, the element will form 1+ ion.
What is ionization energy?
Ionization energy may be defined simply as a measurement of how difficult it is to remove an electron from an atom or ion or of an atom's or ion's propensity to give up an electron. Usually, when a chemical species is in its ground state, an electron is lost.
As an alternative, we might say that ionization or ionization energy is a measurement of the intensity of the attractive forces that hold an electron in a certain location.
Therefore, 500 ie2 (kj/mol) is the answer.
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To calculate the heat absorbed or released, you need to measure which of the following?
A) Specific heat, change in temperature, and time to heat.
B) Mass, specific heat, and change in temperature.
C) Mass, volume, and change in temperature.
D) Mass, specific heat, and time to heat.
In case of exothermic or endothermic reactions where heat is absorbed or released there is a need to measure specific heat, change in temperature and time to heat.
What are exothermic reactions?An exothermic reaction is defined as a chemical reaction which involves release of energy in the form of light,heat .In these reactions, energy is transferred from system to surroundings rather than taking energy from surroundings into system as in endothermic reactions.
In an exothermic reaction,change in enthalpy is negative.Therefore, it can be inferred that net amount of energy which is required to start the exothermic reaction is less than the net amount which is released by the reaction.
Examples of exothermic reactions are combustion reactions, detonation of nitroglycerin , neutralization reactions and nuclear fission.
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A sample of natural sulfur consists of three isotopes:
95.0% sulfur-32 (31.97 amu)
0.75% sulfur-33 (32.97 amu)
4.21% sulfur-34 (33.96 amu)
Based on this information, what is the average molar mass of sulfur?
The average molar mass of sulfur is 32.84g/mol
The average atomic mass of a chemical element is calculated by taking into account the atomic masses of its naturally occurring isotopes and their respective abundances
Here given data is natural sulfur consists of three isotopes :
95.0% sulfur-32 = 31.97 amu
0.75% sulfur-33 = 32.97 amu
4.21% sulfur-34 = 33.96 amu
So, we have to find average molar mass of the sulfur = ?
Formula for average molar mass = ∑i × isotope i × abundance i
³²S = 95.0% abundance = 31.97 amu
³³S = 0.75% abundance = 32.97 amu
³⁴S = 4.21% abundance = 33.96 amu
This means that average molar mass of sulfur is
Average molar mass = 31.97 amu×95.0 + 32.97 amu× 0.75 + 33.96 amu×4.21
Average molar mass = 32.84g/mol
Average molar mass of sulfur is 32.84g/mol
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If three quarters of the elements are metals how are the remaining elements categorize?
Answer: The elements with properties intermediate between those of metals and nonmetals are called semimetals (or metalloids).
Using the average atomic masses for each of the following elements calculate the mass in AMU of each of the following samples
Calculate the mass, in amu, of 278 atoms of Li.
1) We need to find Li (Lithium) in the periodic table.
1) The atomic mass of Lithium is 6.94 u.
[tex]\text{The mass of Lithium sample=}\frac{6.94\text{ u of Lithium}}{1\text{ mole of Lithium}}\cdot\frac{1\text{ mole of Lithium}}{6.022\cdot10^{23}\text{ atoms of Lithium}}[/tex]2) We can cancel some units and rearrange the equation.
[tex]\text{Lithium sample = }\frac{6.94\text{ u of Lithium}}{6.022\cdot10^{23}\text{ atoms of Lithium}}[/tex]3) Multiply the equation above by the number of atoms
[tex]\text{Lithium Sample = }\frac{6.94\text{ u of Lithium}}{6.022\cdot10^{23}\text{ atoms of Lithium}}\cdot\frac{278\text{ atoms of Lithium}}{\square}\text{ = 3.20}\cdot10^{-21}\text{ u of Lithium}[/tex]The mass of 278 atoms of Lithium is 3.20*10^-21 u
a 25.0 ml sample of 0.100 m hbr solution is titrated with 0.050 m naoh solution. what is the ph after 25.0 ml of the naoh solution have been added?
The ph after 25.0 ml of the naoh solution have been added is 1.222.
You are aware that the balanced chemical equation states that sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid balance each other out in a 1:1 mole ratio.
NaOH (l) + HCl (l) = NaCl (l) + H2O (l)
As a result, equal amounts of sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid must be used to completely neutralize a substance, producing a neutral solution with a pH of 7 at ambient temperature.
Although the molarities of your two solutions are equivalent, the hydrochloric acid solution has a volume of 100 mL divided by 25.0 mL, which equals four.
[tex][H3O+]=(75⋅0.100103).moles H3O+125⋅103.L=(75⋅0.100125)mol L−1This means that you havepH=−log(75⋅0.100125)=1.222−−−−−[/tex]
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5. Describe A ruler is on the table with the
higher numbers to the right. An ant
crawls along the ruler from 6 cm to 2 cm
in 2 seconds. Describe the ant's distance,
speed, and velocity
The distance the ant would have covered crawling from 6 cm to 2 cm on ruler scale would be 4 cm and the speed would be 2 cm/s.
What is distance , speed and velocity and how it comes out to be so?Speed is a quantity which depicts the distance travelled per unit time of a period given.Distance is also a scalar quantity which represents the product of speed and time .Velocity is a vector quantity which is measured as the displacement per unit time.Here the ant covered from 6 cm to 2 cm , so distance covered would be 6 -4 = 2 cm.And speed = 4/2 = 2 cm/sec , hence the speed of the ant covering 4 cm distance on the ruler scale would be 2 cm/sec.To know more about distance visit:
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Which part of the hydrocarbon name tells you the bonds found between carbon atoms in the molecule?
A.the prefix
B. the ending
C. the leading numbers
D. the ending numbers
The ending or suffix of the hydrocarbon name tells the bonds found between carbon atoms in the molecule. Therefore, option (B) is correct.
What are hydrocarbons?Hydrocarbons are entirely made up of only two kinds of atoms which are carbon and hydrogen. Hydrocarbons are typically colorless gases and weak odors. Hydrocarbons can be relatively complex structures and can be classified into four subcategories, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic hydrocarbons.
Hydrocarbons such as propane and butane are used for commercial fuel purposes in the form of LPG and the molecular formula for the compounds is CxHy.
In the nomenclature of hydrocarbons, the suffix of the name indicates what type of bond is present between the atoms. If all carbon atoms have a single covalent bonds then the suffix is "ane". If one or more carbon-carbon double bonds are present then the suffix is "ene". If the triple bond is present then the suffix in the name of the hydrocarbon is "yne".
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1. Starting with a 0. 1525 m hcl stock solution, three standard solutions are prepared by sequentially diluting 5. 00 ml of each solution to 100. 0 ml. What is the concentration of each solution?.
Each solution has a concentration of 7.625 x 103 m, 3.8125 x 104 m, and 1.90625 x 105 m, respectively.
Dilution is the process of lowering a sample's concentration by incorporating more solvent, according to its definition. The following is the dilution formula.
C₁V₁ = C₂V₂
where C1 is the sample's initial concentration.
V1 is the initial sample volume.
After dilution, the ultimate concentration is C2.
After dilution, the ultimate total volume is V2.
Calculate the concentration of the diluted solution by entering the numbers into the formula.
first common answer
C₁V₁ = C₂V₂
0. 1525 m(5.00 ml) = C₂(100.0 ml) (100.0 ml)
C₂ = 7.625 x 10⁻³ m
Second common solution
C₁V₁ = C₂V₂
7.625 x 10⁻³ m(5.00 ml) = C₂ (100.0 ml)
C₂ = 3.8125 x 10⁻⁴ m
Third accepted option
C₁V₁ = C₂V₂
3.8125 x 10⁻⁴ m(5.00 ml) = C₂(100.0 ml) (100.0 ml)
C₂ = 1.90625 x 10⁻⁵ m
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The oxidation number of " Z" in sodiumchromite, H₂ZO4, is
Answer:
[tex]Z\text{ = +6}[/tex]Explanation:
Here, we want to get the value of the oxidation number of Z
Generally, hydrogen has an oxidation number of +1, while oxygen has an oxidation number of -2
The total oxidation number is zero
Thus:
[tex]\begin{gathered} 2(+1)\text{ + Z + 4\lparen-2\rparen = 0} \\ 2+Z-8\text{ = 0} \\ Z-6\text{ = 0} \\ Z\text{ = +6} \end{gathered}[/tex]