How are treaties made and approved?

Africans played diverse and significant roles during the early exploration of the Americas by the Spanish and Portuguese, contributing to various aspects of the European expansion and colonization of the New World.

The list of topic on how Africans assisted the Spanish and the Portuguese during their early exploration of the Americas are:

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Germany was one of the countries hardest hit by the Great Depression, and a series of events made the situation worse for the German people. Here are some of the key factors that contributed to the worsening of the economic crisis in Germany during the 1930s:

The Treaty of Versailles: Germany was required to pay reparations for World War I under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. The payments were a significant burden on the German economy, and they became increasingly difficult to make as the depression deepened.

The Dawes Plan: In 1924, the Dawes Plan was introduced to help Germany pay its reparations. The plan involved loans from the United States, which helped stabilize the German economy. However, when the depression hit, the United States recalled its loans, causing a crisis in the German banking system.

Agricultural problems: The German economy was heavily reliant on agriculture, and the depression caused a significant drop in agricultural prices. Many farmers were unable to make a living, which led to rural poverty and increased migration to the cities.

Unemployment: The depression caused mass unemployment in Germany, with millions of people out of work. The government was unable to provide adequate support for the unemployed, leading to widespread poverty and hardship.

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Answer: ^^

1) In the United States, industrialization began in the textile industry. In 1789, Samuel Slater, a British worker, bought the secret of Britain's textile machines to North America.

2) In the year 1813, a group of Massachusetts investors built textile factories in Waltham, Massachusetts.

3) Businesses needed huge sums of money to do big projects. To raise money, companies sold shares of ownership in a company called railroad buildings to investors.

4) A business owned by stockholders who share in the profits but are not responsible for its debts is called a corporation.

5) Industrial growth also spread from England to the Europe continent. Other than England, which European country was the first industrialize? Belgium was the first to industrialize.

6) What was the name of the valley located in Western Germany that is rich in coal? Ruhr valley

7) Industrial growth did not occur in France until the year 1830.

8) Materials used in factories to create goods are called raw materials.

9) What was the name of the practice of when European countries took control of areas of the world outside of Europe called? The practice was called imperialism.

Explanation:

:) I just guessed the answer for 3 based on the information I found.

Answer:

Stare decisis is a legal principle that refers to the practice of courts adhering to precedent and making decisions based on previous rulings. In the case of Matal v. Tam (2017), stare decisis played a role in determining the outcome because the Court was asked to consider the constitutionality of a provision of the Lanham Act that prohibited the registration of trademarks that were considered disparaging or offensive. The Court's decision was influenced by previous cases, including those that dealt with the First Amendment and the government's ability to regulate speech.

In McCulloch v. Maryland (1819), the Court was asked to consider whether the state of Maryland had the power to tax a branch of the Second Bank of the United States. Chief Justice John Marshall, writing for the Court, held that the Constitution granted Congress the power to create a national bank and that Maryland could not interfere with that power. This decision established the principle of federal supremacy, which holds that federal law takes precedence over state law.

Schenck v. U.S. (1919) dealt with the First Amendment and the government's ability to regulate speech during wartime. In this case, the Court upheld the conviction of Charles Schenck, who had been charged with violating the Espionage Act by distributing anti-war pamphlets. The Court held that speech could be restricted if it posed a "clear and present danger" to the country.

In Matal v. Tam (2017), the Court was asked to consider whether the Lanham Act's prohibition on disparaging trademarks violated the First Amendment. The Court held that it did, relying on the principle of stare decisis and previous cases dealing with the First Amendment and government regulation of speech. The Court noted that the principle of federal supremacy established in McCulloch v. Maryland applied to the First Amendment as well, and that the government could not restrict speech simply because it found it offensive or disparaging.

Overall, the role of stare decisis in Matal v. Tam was to provide a framework for the Court's decision-making process and to ensure that previous rulings were taken into account when making decisions about the constitutionality of laws and regulations.

Answer:

Webster volunteered for the U.S. Army in 1943. He was assigned as a machine gunner to Easy Company, 2nd Battalion, 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division. He made a jump at Fort Benning and completed training at Camp Mackall and Camp Shanks.

Leon Battista Alberti's architecture has some of the purest instances of Renaissance Classicism.

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Answer: True

Explanation:

The German banking crisis was crucial to the success of the Nazi party in the elections. It exacerbated the economic downturn in Germany, prompting more extreme voting due to falling incomes.

It likewise expanded the Nazis' prominence straightforwardly. Jakob Goldschmidt, a prominent Jewish banker, was in charge of Danatbank, the financial institution at the heart of the crisis. The Nazi party's focal well established guarantee that "the Jews are [Germany's] misfortune"2 was subsequently apparently borne out by unquestionable reality. We argue that the banking crisis's non-economic effects were crucial to understanding political radicalization. It  present new evidence on the actual effects of the German banking crisis and document the consequences of the crisis for Nazi support and anti-Semitic actions.

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The Australian Constitution divides power between three branches of government which are the legislative, the executive and the judicial. This is similar to United State government practice.

The legislative branch is made up of the Senate and the House of Representatives, creates laws. The executive branch is led by the Prime Minister and Cabinet who implements and enforces laws. The judicial branch is headed by the High Court of Australia which interprets laws and resolves disputes.

This constitution's doctrine of separation of power helps to prevent any one branch of government from becoming too powerful and ensures system of checks and balances. Each branch of government has its own role which helps to ensure that power is distributed fairly and evenly throughout the Australian political system.

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The fourth type of drainage pattern is rectangular, which is characterized by streams that flow in straight channels that meet at right angles. This type of pattern is formed in areas with a strong joint or fault system that creates rectangular blocks of rock.

In preparation for the Landscape Evolution by Stream Erosion prelab study session, it is important to understand the different landforms that dictate the four dominant types of drainage patterns.

The first type of drainage pattern is dendritic, which is characterized by a branching network of streams that resemble the branches of a tree. This type of pattern is formed in areas with uniform rock and soil types and gentle slopes.

The second type of drainage pattern is trellis, which is characterized by a parallel network of streams that run perpendicular to a main river channel. This type of pattern is formed in areas with alternating layers of hard and soft rock types and a strong regional slope.

The third type of drainage pattern is radial, which is characterized by streams that flow away from a central point. This type of pattern is formed on isolated mountains or volcanic cones.

The fourth type of drainage pattern is rectangular, which is characterized by streams that flow in straight channels that meet at right angles. This type of pattern is formed in areas with a strong joint or fault system that creates rectangular blocks of rock.

Understanding these different landforms and their influence on drainage patterns is important in understanding landscape evolution by stream erosion.

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20th-century independence movements in Algeria and Kenya involved violent rebellions against colonial rule. So, option D is the right choice.

The 20th-century independence movements in Algeria and Kenya shared certain similarities in their struggle against colonial rule. One significant similarity was that both movements involved violent rebellions against their respective colonial powers. In Algeria, the National Liberation Front (FLN) led an armed struggle against French colonial rule, while in Kenya, the Mau Mau uprising fought against British colonial domination.

Another similarity between the two movements was their aspiration for independence and self-governance. Both Algeria and Kenya sought to establish their own governments free from foreign control and influence. However, their specific visions for governance differed. While Algeria's independence movement aimed to establish a secular state, Kenya's movement focused more on achieving political and economic self-determination within a multi-ethnic framework.

It is important to note that the independence movements in Algeria and Kenya did not share the same goals in terms of religion or ideology. Algeria's struggle was not explicitly focused on establishing a government based on Muslim religious traditions, and Kenya's movement did not propose communism as a solution to colonial problems.

In summary, the 20th-century independence movements in Algeria and Kenya were similar in their use of violent rebellions against colonial rule and their aspirations for self-governance, but they diverged in terms of religious and ideological goals.

The right answer is D. Both involved violent rebellions against colonial rule.

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Answer:

Lincoln's purpose is to convince Northerners and the Southerners to work together to reunite the country without slavery and he suggests that it is God's purpose.

Explanation:

Religious references are likely to be well received by both sides. Also, wants the audience to think about the moral aspects of what has occurred and attend to its own conscience.

Answer:

The government wanted to keep the number of slave and free states equal in order to maintain a balance of power between the Northern and Southern states. At the time, there was a great deal of tension between the North and South over the issue of slavery, and many people feared that if one side had too much political power, it could lead to unrest and potentially even a civil war. By keeping the number of slave and free states equal, the government hoped to prevent one side from gaining too much power and potentially destabilizing the country. This was a delicate balance, however, and it ultimately proved to be unsustainable, as the tensions between the North and South continued to escalate in the years leading up to the Civil War.

Answer:

Document A argues that the political and economic policies of the New Deal had positive long-term effects on the United States. One specific historical event that could support this argument is the role of the New Deal in the country's recovery from the Great Depression. In 1933, when Franklin D. Roosevelt assumed the presidency, the United States was in the depths of an economic depression that had begun in 1929. Roosevelt's New Deal policies, including the creation of government programs such as the Civilian Conservation Corps and the Works Progress Administration, helped put millions of unemployed Americans back to work and stimulated the economy. By 1939, the unemployment rate had fallen from 25% to under 10%, and the economy had started to recover. This recovery continued through the 1940s and was bolstered by the country's participation in World War II, which brought about a massive increase in government spending and industrial production. Thus, the New Deal played a significant role in the country's economic recovery, and this development supports the argument that the policies of the New Deal had positive long-term effects on the United States.

Margaret Hamilton, an American PC researcher, is credited with composing the product code that aided land people on the moon. She was working at the Massachusetts Foundation of Innovation (MIT) on the product for NASA's Apollo program.

Hamilton's group fostered a product framework that was intended to be blunder and open-minded, which was basic for the mission's prosperity. During the mission, an admonition light startlingly turned on, showing a PC issue. The product that Hamilton and her group had created had the option to rapidly analyze the issue and keep the mission from being cut off. This was a crucial point in time in the Apollo 11 mission, and Hamilton's product assumed a key part in forestalling a debacle.

Hamilton kept on working in the field of software engineering and programming after the Apollo program. She established her own product organization, Higher Request Programming, which zeroed in on growing new programming dialects and programming improvement apparatuses.

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We can see here that contrasting between the Qin and Han dynasties, we have:

The Han used a combination of large-scale armies, maneuverability, colonization, military adventurers operating independently of the imperial court, and small expeditions to expand their domain, in contrast to the Qin, who built their military to take advantage of the weaknesses of the feudal armies of the Chinese states opposing them.

A dynasty is a line of kings who govern over a certain area or nation for a protracted period of time and come from the same family or bloodline.

The Song Dynasty is noted for its economic progress and cultural sophistication, whereas the Tang Dynasty is known for its military might and expansion.

The Tang Dynasty was actually known to be marked with a cosmopolitan culture while Song dynasty had a homogeneous culture.

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Answer:

Brooke Paine was fired by the moms because they were unhappy with her management style and felt that she was not meeting their expectations. They also believed that she was not effectively communicating with them and addressing their concerns.

Explanation:

Answer:

A socialist form of government

Explanation:

What is important to know is that the Russian Revolution was a very tough period of political and social revolution that took place in the past Russian Empire and began during World War I. So during this period, after two consecutive revolutions and bloody civil wars, Russia abolished the monarchy and implemented a socialist regime for many political reasons.

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William Lloyd Garrison, deeply religious white man. He started an abolitionist newspaper called The Liberator, demanding immediate freeing of all slaves. Angry pro-slavery groups destroyed Garrison's printing press and burned his house.

Frederick Douglass escaped as a slave. Told a meeting of abolitionists the hardships of being a slave. Quickly became a leader in the abolitionist movement, his autobiography became a best-seller, and was a brilliant and independent thinker. Started the newspaper The North Star.

Sojourner Truth is a former slave. Strongly spiritual and preached throughout the North. Meets Douglass, begins to speak out about slavery. Argued that God would end slavery peacefully. Abolitionists were a minority, even in the North.

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Mohandas Gandhi's point of view concerning British rule of India was that it was exploitative and oppressive. He believed that the British were taxing the Indian people unfairly and that India should have the right to be independent and self-governing. Gandhi advocated for nonviolent civil disobedience as a means of protesting British rule and achieving Indian independence. He encouraged Indians to refuse to pay taxes and to engage in peaceful protests and acts of civil disobedience, such as the Salt March, in order to challenge British rule and demand independence for India.

Answer:

1. 50.3m²

2. 48dm²

3. 13dm²

Answer:

Over the past few centuries, mainland Europe has undergone significant developments that have shaped the continent's economic, political, and cultural landscape. From the industrial revolution to the rise of democracy and the European Union, Europe has experienced both progress and challenges in its quest for modernization.

One of the most significant developments in mainland Europe was the industrial revolution, which began in the late 18th century in Britain and soon spread to the rest of Europe. This period marked a significant shift in the way goods were produced, from handcrafted to machine-made, which revolutionized manufacturing and transportation. This led to significant economic growth and paved the way for modernization. With the rise of the industrial economy, Europe emerged as a global economic powerhouse and played a crucial role in shaping the global economy.

Alongside the industrial revolution, Europe also witnessed the rise of democracy, which was a significant political development. Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, the continent saw several democratic revolutions that led to the establishment of democracies in many countries. The revolutions of 1848, the establishment of the Third French Republic, and the Russian Revolution were some of the most significant events that paved the way for modern democracies in Europe. These democratic movements brought about a new era of political freedom and social progress, which has had a profound impact on European society.

In the aftermath of the Second World War, Europe faced a new set of challenges, including the division of the continent and the rise of communism. However, the establishment of the European Union (EU) in 1993 was a significant step towards further integration and cooperation among European nations. The EU has created a single market for goods and services, which has allowed for the free movement of goods, services, people, and capital. The establishment of the Eurozone, which is a monetary union of European Union countries that have adopted the Euro, has further strengthened economic ties and facilitated trade within Europe.

Despite the significant developments in mainland Europe, the continent continues to face challenges. The global financial crisis of 2008 had a significant impact on Europe's economy, leading to austerity measures in several countries. The ongoing refugee crisis has also put significant pressure on Europe, leading to political and social tensions. Additionally, rising nationalism and anti-immigrant sentiment have threatened the European Union's unity and stability.

In conclusion, mainland Europe has experienced significant developments that have shaped its economic, political, and cultural landscape. From the industrial revolution to the rise of democracy and the European Union, Europe has seen progress and challenges in its quest for modernization. The future of Europe remains uncertain, but the continent's rich history and culture provide a strong foundation for continued growth and development.

Explanation:

It is option C. adding California as free state would mean that there would be more free states than slave states.

The term "free states" typically refers to the Northern states of the United States during the mid-19th century, particularly during the era of the American Civil War. These states were known as "free" because they had abolished slavery or had never allowed it to exist in the first place, in contrast to the Southern states that had a thriving slave-based economy. The free states played a significant role in the abolitionist movement, which sought to end slavery throughout the entire country. They also formed the Union during the Civil War and fought against the Confederate states, which had seceded in part to protect their right to own slaves. Today, the term "free states" may also refer to states that have legalized certain practices or freedoms, such as marijuana or same-sex marriage.

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Purchase of restaurant meals is not an indirect or induced contribution to the space economy. Indirect and induced contributions to the space economy include the purchase of satellites, supplies, and equipment needed to build and launch space-related projects.

Economy is the activities related to the production, consumption, and distribution of goods and services in a particular region or country. It encompasses the interactions of people, businesses, and governments that determine how resources are used and products are made and exchanged. Economies are typically divided into three sectors: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary activities involve the extraction of resources from the environment, such as mining and agriculture. Secondary activities involve the transformation of these raw materials into finished goods, such as manufacturing and construction. Tertiary activities involve the sale and distribution of the finished product, such as retail and services. All of these sectors are interconnected and rely on each other for success. In the modern world, economies are increasingly global, meaning that decisions and policies made in one country can affect those in another.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The idea of aggregate demand was first proposed by British economist John Maynard Keynes in his book "The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money" published in 1936.

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Explanation:

Keynes's General Theory

Answer:

With the advent of the Cold War, Judeo-Christianity moved from being an anti-fascist to an anti-communist construct. It helped strengthen anti-communism in America when it was waning elsewhere and was further confirmation of how far the nation had moved from its prewar Protestant-centrism.

In their essay "Racial Formations," Michael Omi and Howard Winant argue that race is not a fixed or natural category, but rather a social construct that changes over time and across different contexts. They explain that race is quantified through various methods, such as the census, surveys, and official documents, which rely on self-identification or externally imposed categorizations based on physical traits, ancestry, or cultural practices.

The quantification of race has significant consequences for minority groups, as it can reinforce stereotypes, stigmatize certain identities, and perpetuate inequalities. For example, the racial categories used in the census and other official documents can shape political representation, resource allocation, and research priorities. These categories may also obscure or marginalize multiracial or ethnic identities, as well as the experiences of immigrants, refugees, and other groups that do not fit neatly into existing categories.

Furthermore, the quantification of race can also contribute to the internalization of racial hierarchies and the construction of racial identities. Omi and Winant argue that race is not just a matter of individual identity or prejudice, but also a structural feature of society that shapes social relations, institutions, and cultural meanings. By quantifying race, society reinforces the idea that race is a fixed and essential characteristic of individuals, rather than a socially constructed category that reflects historical and political forces. This can have a negative impact on minority groups, who may face discrimination, prejudice, and other forms of marginalization based on their racial identity.