Answer:
crossing over
Explanation:
During prophase of meiosis I, the double-chromatid homologous pairs of chromosomes cross over with each other and often exchange chromosome segments. This recombination creates genetic diversity by allowing genes from each parent to intermix, resulting in chromosomes with a different genetic complement.
Genetic variation can occur during meiosis because of the process of crossing over.
What do you mean by crossing over?Crossing over is a cellular process that happens during meiosis when chromosomes of the same type are lined up. When two chromosomes one from the mother and one from the father line up, parts of the chromosome can be switched.
Crossing over is an enzyme-mediated process, where the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes takes place. It occurs at the pachytene stage of prophase I of meiosis.
During crossing over, part of one chromosome is exchanged with another. The result is a hybrid chromosome with a unique pattern of genetic material.
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What is the role that genes play in making proteins?
I need answers like asap plz help
write a short essay (not more than 5 sentence ) on how you think life began on earth
Answer:
The earliest known life-forms are putative fossilized microorganisms, found in hydrothermal vent precipitates, that may have lived as early as 4.28 Gya (billion years ago), relatively soon after the oceans formed 4.41 Gya, and not long after the formation of the Earth 4.54 Gya.
Explanation:
What is the benefit of
starting with two coples
of each chromosome in
Interphase I?
Answer:
Here u go sorry if wrong, if right u welcome ;)
The S phase of a cell cycle occurs during interphase, before mitosis or meiosis, and is responsible for the synthesis or replication of DNA. In this way, the genetic material of a cell is doubled before it enters mitosis or meiosis, allowing there to be enough DNA to be split into daughter cells
Define zygote . write any two characteristics of the phylum
it is a diploid cell formed by combing of two haploid gametes
2 characteristics of the phylum:
* They are bilaterally symmetrical and triploblastic.
* Chordates are coelomate and show an organ system level of organisation.
Answer:
Zaygote: an eukaryotic cell formed by a fertilization event between two gametes
Characterstics: Multiple circular segment , Segmented bodies and jointed limbs, with Chitin exoskeleton, Lophophore and pedicle , and Lophophore, no pedicle, ciliated tentacles, anus outside ring of cilia
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stay safe from the virus
Explanation:
in monohybrid cross between a pure breed plant that produces blue flowers (BB)and a pure breed plant that produces white flowers.The f1 generation produces only blue flowers. By means of a labelled cross diagram,state the type of flower you will expect if the f1 generation is self pollinated
Answer: If the F1 generation is self-pollinated, 75% of the flowers will be blue, while 25% will be white.
Explanation:
Monohybrid cross between blue and white: BB x bbThe cross produces 100% Bb --> blue is dominant, so all the flowers will be blue. This is the F1 generation.If F1 is self-pollinated, it will be Bb x Bb.The cross will produce 25% BB, 50% Bb, and 25% bb.Since blue is dominant, 75% of the flowers will be blue, while 25% will be white.Pictures:
The first picture is the BB x bb cross.The second picture is the Bb x Bb cross.I don't know why the pictures are appearing sideways. If you click the rotate button at the top right of the pictures, you can turn them.What is an example of prokaryotes?
Answer: Examples of prokaryotes are bacteria and archaea.
Explanation:
Answer:
bacteria and archaea
Explanation:
they're single celled organisms
I’m thinking both what do you all think??
Answer:
I actually think a chemical change
Explanation:
The chemical composition should not change in a physical change so therefore I think it’s only a chemical change
Can you help me please
Answer:
what is the question? please give more details
Explanation:
how do people tend to use land as the human population increases?
Answer:
C
Explanation:
As more humans are increasing we need food
You are trying to help a friend sort some specimens in her lab. She collected organisms from a lake and forgot to label the sample with the part of the lake from which they were taken. Please select the item below that is correctly matched with its collection zone.
a. periphyton labeled "open water"
b. phytoplankton labeled "littoral zone"
c. anaerobic bacteria labeled "limnetic zone"
d. zooplankton labeled "limnetic zone"
e. cattails (emergent plants) labeled "profundal zone"
Answer:
D. zooplankton labeled "limnetic zone"
Explanation:
the zone called the limnetic zone is a well lighted and open zone in a body of fresh water such as the lake or the pond. this zone has the plankton in dominance. both the phytoplankton and the zooplankton. plankton play an important role in the food chain.
zooplankton are primary consumers in this limnetic zone. zooplankton consists of rotifers and copecod
what is the genetic causes of edward syndrome
Answer:
A baby with Edwards' syndrome has 3 copies of chromosome number 18 instead of 2. This affects the way the baby grows and develops. Having 3 copies of chromosome 18 usually happens by chance, because of a change in the sperm or egg before a baby is conceived.
Explanation:
I will give a Brainlyist.
Which statements are true about
ribosomes?
.They are membrane bound
.They make proteins
.They can float free or be connected to Rough
.Endoplasmic Reticulum
Answer:
They make proteins, They can float free or be connected to endoplasmic reticulum
Which is the number of chromosomes in a haploid cell?
1n
2n
3n
4n
Answer:
Answer: Option A.
Explanation:
Haploid cell is the cell that have a single set of chromosomes . In human, haploid cells have 23 chromosomes compare to 46 number of chromosomes diploid cells have.
Answer: 23 chromosomes
Explanation:
How are living things put together?
Answer:
All living things are made of cells; the cell itself is the smallest fundamental unit of structure and function in living organisms. In larger organisms, cells combine to make tissues, which are groups of similar cells carrying out similar or related functions.
Explanation:
15. Which of the following are functions of the exoskeleton? Check all that
apply.
-Protection of internal organs
-Provide for muscle attachment and movement
-Structural support
-Prevention of water loss
Answer:
•Protection of internal organs
•Provide for muscle attachment and movement
•Structural support
The following that are functions of the exoskeleton are:
Protection of internal organsProvide for muscle attachment and movementStructural supportWhat is an exoskeleton?An exoskeleton is an outer skeleton that is present outside the body of some insects and other organisms. The exoskeleton is made up of hard substances like calcium carbonate or chitin protein.
The exoskeleton protects the soft tissues and organs of organisms. They are helpful in saving the organism from predators and other factors of the environment.
The exoskeleton is present in most arthropods. They also help in reducing water loss from the body.
Thus, the functions of the exoskeleton are:
Protection of internal organsProvide for muscle attachment and movementStructural supportTo learn more about exoskeleton, refer to the link:
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Osmosis is the movement of _____________________ from an area of high concentration to low concentration
A) salt
B)water
C)sodium
D) sugar
Answer:
B) Water
Explanation:
Osmosis is the movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across a semi permeable membrane
when would a forest be sustainable?
Answer: B: When supply is greater than demand
Explanation:Hope this helps
flammability is a measure of how easily something burns. is this a physical or chemical property? explain, using an example
Answer:
chemical property
Explanation:
Wood is a flammable substance. Depending how dry it is will determine its flammability or what temperature it will burst into flame. Burning wood undergoes chemical property changes: the brown hard wood becomes a black pile of ashes.
Which list correctly orders the parts of an atom from heaviest to lightest in mass?
А
electron, proton, nucleus, neutron
В.
neutron, proton, nucleus, electron
С.
proton, neutron, electron, nucleus
D
nucleus, neutron, proton, electron
Answer:
nucleus, neutron, proton, electron
Explanation:
The list that correctly orders the parts of an atom from heaviest to lightest
in mass is as follows:
nucleus, neutron, proton, electron
The nucleus of an atom is composed of a tightly packed proton and
neutrons.
This makes the nucleus very dense and small. The nucleus are surrounded
by a negatively charged electron.
The nucleus contribute to most of the weight of an atom.
This makes the nucleus the heaviest.
The neutron is found in the nucleus of an atom. The neutrons are
electronically neutral. The neutron are slightly heavier than proton.
Therefore, the neutron is the second heaviest part of an atom.
The proton is found in the nucleus of an atom. They a positively charged.
The proton is the third heaviest.
The electron revolves around the nucleus and are very light. In fact the
nucleus contributes to 99.9 % of the weight of an atom. This shows how
light the electrons are.
Therefore, the order from the heaviest to the lightest is as follows:
nucleus, neutron, proton, electron
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One strand of DNA nucleotides is read as 5' - GCATATTG - 3'. What would
be the complementary strand?
Answer:
The correct answer would be: 3' - CGTATAAC - 5'
Explanation:
DNA molecule is a double-stranded molecule structure that has two distinct nucleotide chains joined together with hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases of each strand. Adenine binds with thymine and cytosine binds with guanine by hydrogen bonds always in complementary strands.
These strands are complementary to one another as they have complementary bases in the complementary strand of one nucleotide chain of DNA. So,
5' - GCATATTG - 3' - DNA nucleotide of one strand
3' - CGTATAAC - 5' complementary strand
Which of the following molecules are classified as carbohydrates?
The molecules classified as carbohydrates are oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides.
What are the carbohydrates?
Carbs, or carbs, are sugar particles. Alongside proteins and fats, starches are one of three fundamental supplements tracked down in food varieties and beverages.
Your body separates starches into glucose. Glucose, or glucose, is the principal wellspring of energy for your body's phones, tissues, and organs. Glucose can be utilized right away or put away in the liver and muscles for sometime in the future.
There is nobody size-fits-all measure of starches that individuals ought to eat. This sum can differ, contingent upon variables like your age, sex, wellbeing, and whether you are attempting to lose or put on weight. Overall, individuals ought to get 45 to 65% of their calories from carbs consistently.
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This tutorial will take you step by step through the question.
In cucumbers, dull fruit (D) is dominant to glossy fruit (d), and orange fruit (R) is dominant to cream-colored fruit (r). The gene that codes for dull versus glossy assorts independently from the gene that codes for orange versus cream-colored. A plant that has dull and orange fruits is crossed to a plant that has dull and cream-colored fruits. The cross produces eight total progeny, with three plants that have dull and orange fruits, three plants with dull and cream-colored fruits, one plant with glossy and orange fruits, and one plant with glossy and cream-colored fruits.
Determine progeny phenotypic ratios - texture. To determine the actual genotype of the parents from among the possible genotypes identified in the previous step, separate the cross into two single-locus crosses, looking at the inheritance of each trait by itself. Start with the texture characteristic.
What is the fraction that represents the number of dull progeny?
What is the fraction that represents the number of glossy progeny?
What is the ratio of dull progeny to glossy progeny?
Answer:
The progeny phenotypic ratios for both genes = 3:3:1:1 --> 3/8 Dull and Orange, 3/8 Dull cream, 1/8 Glossy and Orange, 1/8 Glossy and cream. The progeny phenotypic ratios for glossy/dull = 3:1 --> 3/4 Dull fruits, 1/4 Glossy fruitsThe progeny phenotypic ratios for orange/cream = 1:1 --> 1/2 Orange fruits, 1/2 Cream fruitsThe genotype of the parents: DdRr and Ddrrdull progeny: 3/4 = 75% Dull- fuited individualsglossy progeny: 1/4 = 25% Glossy-fruited individualsratio of dull progeny to glossy progeny: 3:1orange progeny: 2/4 = 1/2 = 50% Heterozygous, cream progeny: Rr, Orange-fruited plantsratio orange to green: 1:1Explanation:
Due to technical problems, you will find the complete explanation in the attached files
Example of decomposer
Answer:
mushrooms are decomposers!
Answer:
Earth worms are a example or works in general
A positive control is a sample in an experiment that produces a known result to compare with the test sample after the same treatment. It is used to control for unknown variables and confirms that all your reagents work.
In this case, the positive control is a cell line expressing wild-type CCR5.
Which of the following do you think will be a good positive control for this experiment?
a) T Cell Helper Line
b) Macrophage cell line without CD4
c) Unedited wild type macrophage
d) Edited macrophage
Explanation:
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) enters target cells by first binding to the primary receptor CD4 and then to a coreceptor, generally one of the chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 (4). CD4 binding induces structural changes in the envelope (Env) glycoprotein that form and expose the coreceptor binding site. There are two main interactions between Env and coreceptor (13, 14, 25, 50, 51): the base of the third variable loop (V3) engages the N terminus of the coreceptor, while the crown of the V3 loop that includes the highly conserved GPGR/Q arch motif binds to the extracellular loops of the coreceptor, with the second extracellular loop of the coreceptor being particularly important (16, 25, 35, 48, 62). Although some HIV-1 strains are able to use a variety of different G protein-coupled receptors to gain entry into CD4+ cell lines, the great majority of these viruses use CCR5 and/or CXCR4 as coreceptors to infect primary cells (3, 4, 10, 23, 47, 66). CCR3, GPR15, APJ, and FPRL-1 are among the most frequently used alternative coreceptors when overexpressed on cell lines (11, 26, 43, 47, 57). Rare cases of HIV-1 strains that are able to use FPRL-1 and GPR1, but not CCR5 or CXCR4, have been reported (57); however, their in vivo relevance remains unknown.
To characterize the biological processes underlying HIV/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) transmission, we recently developed an experimental strategy that permits the identification, enumeration, and molecular cloning of transmitted/founder (T/F) viruses (28, 53). This strategy, which employs single-genome amplification (SGA) and direct amplicon sequencing of HIV/SIV RNA or DNA from the plasma or infected cells, makes it possible to infer the nucleotide sequence of the viral strain(s) that initiated productive infection weeks earlier (1, 28, 29, 37, 53, 58, 67). An important prediction of this approach has been that inferred T/F viruses are fully functional and encode all proteins necessary to establish a new infection. Indeed, this prediction has been borne out in numerous studies, which have shown that T/F viral genes as well as full-length genomes are biologically active. Sets of T/F Envs have been shown to mediate efficient virus entry in single-round infection assays, and they invariably use CCR5 as a coreceptor (28, 34). Similarly, T/F infectious molecular clones (IMCs) of HIV-1, SIVmac and SIVagm all produce replication competent virus that grow to high titers in primary CD4+ T cells (22, 38, 54).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Amplification of the HIV-1 env gene. Serial plasma samples collected from an acutely infected plasma donor, ZP6248, were purchased from ZeptoMetrix. A total of seven plasma samples were collected between 12 February and 9 March 1997, and viral loads (VLs) were determined by the COBAS Amplicor HIV-1 monitor test.
Sequence analysis. All SGA amplicons were sequenced directly by cycle sequencing and dye terminator methods using an ABI 3730xl genetic analyzer (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA). Individual sequences were assembled and edited using the Sequencher program 4.7 (Gene Codes, Ann Arbor, MI). The env sequences were aligned using CLUSTAL W (60), and manual adjustment for optimal alignment was done using MASE (20).
Basic needs. Living things have basic needs in order to survive. Plants and animals have like needs. How they use the things required for life can be a little different. Can you drag these phrases to the correct column?
Answer:
is bvasic living thing ok so obiously the answaer is c because it always is ((((((((((((((((answer c)))))))))))))))))))))))
ok so the looooongest word that most people kno is . but thats actually not that long to some people that kno long words so here is the longezt word in the wold, supenemendeddentenilisitationsentinalizinilitioninitialalizedcaliflagiliciousinitialdistintialidocioloassociationlationsensationinitiliationilitisintialidocious. so theres your answer ok an extremly long word for your game (use ok) accountiticationmicjationmasonyaynitiationpronoutiationnaysonnitiationassociationassistiation is still normal length you could say its used commonly around the world and in sentences/essays/paragraphs
Explanation:
ignore how i selected them) PLEASE HELP ME. DO IT CORRECTLY PLEASEEEEEEE
Which solution is more diluted? Solution 1:
1000 mL of water
60g of salt
Solution 2:
500 ml of water 60 g of salt
A.Solution 1
B.Solution 2
C.Both solutions have the same concentration
Answer:
the answer is A: solution 1.
Explanation:
loop of Henle concentration gradient
Answer:
The Loop of Henle serves to create a concentration gradient throughout the nephron which helps increase the reabsorption of water and certain ions. In the thin descending limb, water is very permeable and is reabsorbed due to the existing concentration gradient in the medulla.
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Answer: just search up a list of genotypes.
Explanation:
why is forcing the cell to increase the rate of the cell cycle lead to error in DNA replication