Explain why one must use the absolute temperature scale to solve gas problems.

16:32=1:2 hence the Law of Multiple Proportion holds true

According to the Law of Multiple Proportion, the mass of one element that is combined with a fixed mass of the second element will always be ratios of whole numbers when two components combine to generate more than one compound.

For illustration, suppose there are two molecules of CO (carbon monoxide) and CO 2. (carbon dioxide).

CO is equal to 12g of carbon and 16g of oxygen.

CO2 is made up of 12 grams of carbon and 32 grams of oxygen.

The two compounds are 16:32=1:2 in terms of the mass of oxygen.

This establishes the law of multiple proportions.

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Geologic maps are most recognized by their contour lines, which represent different elevations. Option C

This is further explained below.

Generally, A geologic map, also known as a geological map, is a specialized map that is drawn out for the purpose of illustrating different geological phenomena.

The various rock units and geologic layers may be represented by different colors or symbols.

contour line: A curve along which a function has a constant value represents a contour line for a function with two variables.

This means that the curve unites points that have the same value at each point along the curve. It is a segment of the plane that is parallel to the plane that is taken from the three-dimensional graph of the function f.

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The concentration of the dilute solution when in the laboratory you dilute 4.59 ml of a concentrated 6.00 m hydrobromic acid solution to a total volume of 175 ml is 0.157 M

Now, using the formula, we get

Substituting the values, we get

M=6.00

V=4.59 mL=4.59x10^-3 L

n=6.00x(4.59x10^-3L)

n=27.54x10^-3 L

The new molarity is Mnew=n/Vnew

Mnew= 27.54x10^-3  V=175 mL=175x10^-3 L

Mnew=27.54x10^-3 mol/175x10^-3 L

Mnew=0.157 M

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We can't you use the equation Q = mc∆T to calculate how much thermal energy is needed to melt or boil a substance because this equation is to calculate for heat energy transferred between two objects where m is the mass of each object and c is the specific heat capacity

Thermal energy refers to the energy contained within a system that is responsible for its temperature and for thermal energy for melt any substance is latent heat and during boiling of any substances the heat energy supplied is used in increasing the energy of the water molecule which changes its state from liquid to gaseous

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1. False, 2. True, 3. True, 4. False, 5. True, 6. False, 7. True, 8. False, 9.  Incomplete and 10. True.

1. Atoms have no weight - False

Atomic mass is the total mass of an atom. This is roughly equal to the total number of protons and neutrons with a small addition of electrons.

2. The electron is the heaviest part of the atom - in fact

3. All protons have the same mass - True

4. All atoms have the same mass - False

The mass of each element depends on the number of protons and neutrons it contains.

5. All neutrons have the same mass. - True

6. An oxygen atom weighs as much as a nitrogen atom. - False

o2 has a molecular weight of 15.9994 g/mol, and the molar mass of nitrogen is 14.0067 g/mol.

7. All oxygen atoms have the same mass - True

8. If we add neutrons and electrons to find the mass of an atom, the atomic mass of calcium is 40.08 - False

The number of protons and neutrons in an element determines its mass number. Protons and neutrons are the mass numbers.

9. The circular mass is 41, which is not quite correct.

10. Isotopes are identical atoms with differing numbers of protons. - True

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The intrinsic carrier concentration and the fraction of ionized atoms of silicon at -55℃, 0℃, 20℃, 75℃, 125℃ is calculated below.

The intrinsic carrier concentration in intrinsic material is the number of electrons found in the conduction band or holes in the valence band. This quantity of carriers is determined by the material's band gap as well as its temperature.

Because the number of holes equals the number of electrons, the concentration of each is equal to some amount, ni, and this quantity is known as the intrinsic carrier concentration, and the pure semiconductor material is referred to as intrinsic material.

Given:

B = 5.4 x [tex]10^{31}[/tex]

[tex]E_G[/tex] = 1.12 ev for silicon

K = 8.62 x [tex]10^{-5}[/tex]

Silicon crystal = 5 x [tex]10^{22}[/tex] atoms/[tex]cm^3[/tex]

To find:

Intrinsic carrier concentration, ni = ?

Fraction of ionized atom = ?

Formula:

[tex]ni^2 = BT^3 e^{\frac{-E_G}{KT}[/tex]

Fraction of ionized atom = ni / 5 x [tex]10^{22}[/tex]

Calculations:

(a) For -55℃:

T = -55 + 273 = 218K

ni = [tex]5.4 * 10^{31} * 218^3 * e^{(\frac{-1.12}{8.62 * 10^{-5} * 218})}[/tex]

ni = 2.7018 x [tex]10^6[/tex] carriers/[tex]cm^3[/tex]

Fraction of ionized atom = 2.7018 x [tex]10^6[/tex] / 5 x [tex]10^{22}[/tex]

Fraction of ionized atom = 5.403 x [tex]10^{-17}[/tex] atoms/[tex]cm^3[/tex]

(b) For 0℃:

T = 0 + 273 = 273K

ni = [tex]5.4 * 10^{31} * 273^3 * e^{(\frac{-1.12}{8.62 * 10^{-5} * 273})}[/tex]

ni = 1.53 x [tex]10^9[/tex] carriers/[tex]cm^3[/tex]

Fraction of ionized atom = 1.53 x [tex]10^9[/tex] / 5 x [tex]10^{22}[/tex]

Fraction of ionized atom = 3.07 x [tex]10^{-14}[/tex] atoms/[tex]cm^3[/tex]

(c) For 20℃:

T = 20 + 273 = 293K

ni = [tex]5.4 * 10^{31} * 293^3 * e^{(\frac{-1.12}{8.62 * 10^{-5} * 293})}[/tex]

ni = 8.65 x [tex]10^9[/tex] carriers/[tex]cm^3[/tex]

Fraction of ionized atom = 8.65 x [tex]10^9[/tex] / 5 x [tex]10^{22}[/tex]

Fraction of ionized atom = 1.73 x [tex]10^{-13}[/tex] atoms/[tex]cm^3[/tex]

(d) For 75℃:

T = 75 + 273 = 348K

ni = [tex]5.4 * 10^{31} * 348^3 * e^{(\frac{-1.12}{8.62 * 10^{-5} * 348})}[/tex]

ni = 3.724 x [tex]10^{11}[/tex] carriers/[tex]cm^3[/tex]

Fraction of ionized atom = 3.724 x [tex]10^{11}[/tex] / 5 x [tex]10^{22}[/tex]

Fraction of ionized atom = 7.449 x [tex]10^{-12}[/tex] atoms/[tex]cm^3[/tex]

(e) For 125℃:

T = 125 + 273 = 398K

ni = [tex]5.4 * 10^{31} * 398^3 * e^{(\frac{-1.12}{8.62 * 10^{-5} * 398})}[/tex]

ni = 4.75 x [tex]10^{12}[/tex] carriers/[tex]cm^3[/tex]

Fraction of ionized atom = 4.75 x [tex]10^{12}[/tex] / 5 x [tex]10^{22}[/tex]

Fraction of ionized atom = 9.51 x [tex]10^{-11}[/tex] atoms/[tex]cm^3[/tex]

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The time needed to decrease reactant concentration based on its half-life is 68.47 seconds.

We need to know about the half-life of the radioactive elements to solve this problem. The radioactive element will decay over time and follow the equation

N = No(1/2)^(t/t'')

where N is the final quantity, No is the initial quantity, λ is the decaying constant, t is time and t'' is the half-life of a radioactive element.

From the question above, we know that

t'' = 41.3 s

No = 6.5 m

N = 2.06 m

By substituting the given parameters, we can calculate the time taken

N = No(1/2)^(t / t'')

2.06 = 6.5 . (1/2)^(t / 41.3)

0.32 = (1/2)^(t / 41.3)

⁰'⁵log(0.32) = t / 41.3

1.66 = t / 41.3

t = 68.47 seconds

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Difference between crystallization and evaporation to dryness : crystallization is the formation of solid crystal from liquid whereas evaporation is the formation of vapor from liquid.

Crystallization is defined as the the process in which pure solid separates in the form of crystal from solution .

Evaporation to dryness is  used to separate solute thermally when soluble solid does not decompose on heating. crystallization is better than evaporation to dryness because in the process of evaporation some solid in the mixture get decomposed leaving impurities. during the process of evaporation.

The major difference is that in crystallization is the formation of solid crystal from liquid whereas evaporation is the formation of vapor from liquid.

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Answer:

Since there is an equal number of each element in the reactants and products of MgO + 2HBr = MgBr2 + H2O, the equation is balanced.

Answer:

different number of neutrons

The molecule  xenon oxo tetrafluoride has five regions of electron density as shown in the image attached.

Let us recall that a compound can be found when the atoms of elements are combined together. The interesting fact about the compound that we have called  xenon oxo tetrafluoride is that the central atom in the compound is a noble gas.

We know that the noble gases are said to be unreactive. In this case, we can see from the image that is attached that there are five regions of electron density that surround the molecule and the there are no lone pairs on the xenon central atom.

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Answer:

mercury

Explanation:

mercury is a metal on the periodic table which is liquid at room temperature

The molecular formula is [tex]\rm C_2O_8[/tex]. The empirical formula is [tex]\rm C_2H_1_2O_6[/tex] which is the simplest from.

Molecular formula is defined as  a chemical formula that gives the total number of atoms of each element in each molecule of a substance.

It can also be defined as a formula derived from molecules that indicates the total number of individual atoms in the molecule of a compound.

Empirical formula is defined as a chemical formula that depicts the simplest elemental ratio of a compound rather than the total number of atoms in the molecule.

Molecular formula = n - empirical formula

Thus, the molecular formula is [tex]\rm C_2O_8[/tex]. The empirical formula is [tex]\rm C_2H_1_2O_6[/tex] which is the simplest from.

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According to the given statement 0.3345 M  is the molarity of the Ba(OH)₂ solution.

The quantity of a substance in a specific solution volume is known as its molarity (M). The amount of moles of a solute every litre of a solution is referred to as molarity. The molecular concentration of a solution is another name for molarity.

Ba(OH)₂+  2HCl ⇒ BaCl₂ + H₂O

Ratio of moles Ba(OH)₂ ,  

HCl  = 1:2

Amount of HCl consumed

= 0.500/1000*66.90

= 0.03345 mol

So Ba(OH)₂ reacted = 1/2 * 0.03345 mol

If  molarity of Ba(OH)₂ is x then

x/1000*50 = 1/2 * 0.03345

x =  0.3345 M.

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Answer:

You identify the limiting reactant by calculating the moles of product that can be formed from each reactant.

Explanation: Then you calculate the theoretical yield of product from the amount of the limiting reactant.

EXAMPLE Aspirin is prepared by the reaction between acetic anhydride and salicylic acid.

acetic anhydride + salicylic acid → aspirin + acetic acid

C 4 H 6 O 3 + C 7 H 7 O 3 → C 9 H 8 O 4 + C 2 H 4 O 2 m m A m l + m B m m → m l l C m l l + m l D

What is the theoretical yield of aspirin ( C ) if you reacted 4.32 g of acetic anhydride ( A ) with 2.00 g of salicylic acid ( B )?

Solution :

The molar masses are

Acetic anhydride = A = C 4 H 6 O 3 = 102.1 g/mol

Salicylic acid = B = C 7 H 6 O 3 = 138.1 g/mol

Aspirin = C = C 9 H 8 O 4 = 180.2 g/mol

Identify the limiting reactant We calculate the moles of each reactant and then use the molar ratios from the balanced equation to calculate the moles of aspirin.

Moles of aspirin from A = 4.32 g A × 1 mol A 102.1 g A × 1 mol C 1 mol A = 0.0423 mol C

Moles of aspirin from B = 2.00 g B × 1 mol B 138.1 g B × 1 mol C 1 mol B = 0.0145 mol C B gives the smaller amount of aspirin, so B is the limiting reactant.

Calculate the theoretical yield 0.0145 mol C × 180.2 g C 1 mol C = 2.61 g C

The moles of the gas when a cylinder contains 30.0 l of oxygen gas at a pressure of 1.9 atm and a temperature of 310 K is 2.2

The ideal gas equation is PV=nRT. P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles and T is the temperature

Substituting the values, we get

1.9x30=nx0.0821x310

n=2.2(two significant figures)

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The average atomic mass of the given isotopes of Halfnium is 178.55 amu

The average atomic mass of an element is equal to the sum of its isotope masses multiplied by it's own natural abundance (the decimal associated with the percent of atoms of that element for a given isotope).

In order to determine the weighted average, we must consider the % natural abundances of each isotope. The atomic mass of an element is the weighted average of the atomic masses of the element's naturally occurring isotopes. Determine the average atomic mass by using atomic masses and percentage abundances of each isotope. To convert each percentage abundance to decimal form, divide it by 100. Multiply this figure by the atomic mass of the isotope. To get the average atomic mass, add the atomic masses of each isotope together.

To determine the average atomic mass of Halfnium, the mass fractions of the isotopes multiplied by their respected atomic masses must all be added.

Using 100 atoms as the basis, calculate the mass fractions (m1, m2,...m5):

m1 =   5/100 = 0.05

m2 = 19/100 = 0.19

m3 = 27/100 = 0.27

m4 = 14/100 = 0.14

m5 = 35/100 = 0.35

Multiplying the mass fractions with the atomic masses of the respective isotopes.

Average atomic mass of Halfnium is:

Avg = (m1 x 176) + (m2 x 177) + (m3 x 178) + (m4 x 179) + (m5 x 180)

Avg = (0.05 x 176) + (0.19 x 177) + (0.27 x 178) + (0.14 x 179) + (0.35 x 180)

Avg = 178.55 amu

Therefore, the average atomic mass of Halfnium based on the data for its given isotopes is 178.55 amu.

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The greatest about of transpiration will occur over a large forest with mature trees.

Transpiration is described because the physiological lack of water in the form of water vapor, especially from the stomata in leaves, but also thru evaporation from the surfaces of leaves, plants, and stems.

Transpiration is the system wherein plants release the water interior it inside the shape of moisture or water vapor. Roots eat some quantity of water from the soil and the rest evaporates inside the atmosphere. elements of plants consisting of stems, small pores on leaves, and plants evaporate the water to the environment.

Leaf stomata are the primary web sites of transpiration and encompass two defend cells that form a small pore on the surfaces of leaves. The defend cells control the opening and last of the stomata in reaction to various environmental stimuli and may alter the fee of transpiration to reduce water loss.

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If a 0.692-g sample of glucose, c6h12o6, is burned in a constant volume calorimeter, then the amount of heat evolved per mole of glucose is 2.88 x [tex]10^{6}[/tex] J/mol

For the given reaction, the amount of heat evolved can be calculated by dividing the amount of heat evolved by the number of moles.

The formula for heat evolved is

[tex]q_{m}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{q}{n}[/tex]

Now use heat transfer equation to express q

q = [tex]mc_{w}[/tex]ΔT + [tex]c_{c}[/tex] ΔT

Where m is the mass, ΔT change of temperature and [tex]c_{w}[/tex] is the specific heat, and [tex]c_{c}[/tex] specific heat of calorimeter.

The number of moles and mass of glucose can be expressed as

n = [tex]m_{g} /MW[/tex]

We are given the following values:

m = 575 g

cw = 4.184 J/gK

ΔT = 25.33 − 21.70 = 3.63 K

[tex]c_{c}[/tex] = 650 J/K

MW = 180.156 g /mol

[tex]m_{g}[/tex] = 0.692 g

Now the solution will be

[tex]q_{m}[/tex]  = q/n

m[tex]c_{w}[/tex]ΔT + [tex]c_{c}[/tex]ΔT/ [tex]\frac{m}{MW}[/tex]

[tex]q_{m}[/tex] = (575 g) (4.164 J/g ∘C) (3.63K) + (650 J/K)(3.63K)/[tex]\frac{0.692g}{180.56 g/mol}[/tex]

[tex]q_{m}[/tex] = 2.88 x [tex]10^{6}[/tex] J/mol

Thus the quantity of heat evolved per mole of glucose is 2.88 x [tex]10^{6}[/tex] J/mol

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The independent variable as we can see from the experiment that have been described in this case is the brand of fertilizer that was used in the study.

When we talk about an experiment, we are talking about the way by which the relation ship between the dependent and the independent variable could be studied. In the experiment, there is a dependent variable which would change values when the variable that is under study in the particular experiment changes value. We have to know that in the realm if science, it is only by the means of experiments that we can be able to establish cause and effect relationships.

In this case, we can see that the experiment that the students were working on has to do with trying to actually find out if  brand X fertilizer will affect the growth of Lily plants. This means that they were studying the effect of a fertilizer brand on the growth of the crops.

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Answer:

1st option

Explanation:

At sea level, atmospheric pressure is high, and water boils at 100 °C (212 °F)

Answer:

the third one ;)

Explanation:

Calculation of percent yield requires the theoretical yield to be calculated first. Using that method, the percent yield of the reaction is 44%.

To calculate the percent yield of calcium nitride, we first need to calculate the theoretical yield. To do this, we need the molar mass of both calcium (40 g/mol) and calcium nitride (3 * 40 + 2 * 14) g/mol = 148 g/mol.

3 moles of calcium produce 1 mol of calcium nitride so the proportion we can make will look like this:

120 g of calcium : 148 g of calcium nitride = 56.6 g of calcium : X

X = 148 g of calcium nitride * 56.6 g of calcium / 120 g of calcium

X = 69.8 g of calcium nitride

This is the theoretical yield. Calculating the percent yield works like this - we divide the actual mass by the theoretical yield and then multiply that number (that is always supposed to be between 0 and 1) by 100%:

%yield = 100% * 31.0 g / 69.8 g = 44%

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The transition in an excited hydrogen atom will emit the longest wavelength of light is E2 to E1. Thus option D is correct.

Transition is defined as a specific arrangement along the reaction coordinate.

It can also be defined as the condition corresponding to the maximum potential energy along this reaction coordinate is what is meant by this term.

d-block elements shows transition because they behave in a way that transitions between s-block and p-block components, the d-block elements are known as transition elements.

Transition in the elements occurs when the electrons come under excited state and travel form lower energy level to higher energy level.

Thus, the transition in an excited hydrogen atom will emit the longest wavelength of light is E2 to E1. Thus option D is correct.  

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Kinetic energy does a hydroelectric dam capture as the water passes through

The most common type of hydroelectric power plant is an impoundment facility and an impoundment facility is a typically a large hydropower system and the uses a dam to store river water in a reservoir and the water released from the reservoir flows through a turbine and spinning it and which in turn activates a generator to produce electricity and then there are many types of hydropower facilities through they are all powered by the kinetic energy of flowing water as it moves downstream

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Answer:

mechanical energy

Explanation:

smart answer :)

After thoroughly calculating, we have come to find that, the volume occupied by 5.44 g of oxygen gas (O2) at a pressure of 0.881 atm and a temperature of 27.4 C is  4.76 L.

The equation of state of an ideal gas, also known as the general gas equation, is the ideal gas law. Even though it has a number of restrictions, it is a good approximation of the behaviour of many gases under a variety of conditions. T

he empirical Boyle's law, Charles' law, Avogadro's law, and Gay-law Lussac's were all combined in Benoît Paul Émile Clapeyron's first formulation of it in 1834. Often, the empirical form of the ideal gas law is used:

PV is equal to nRT where n is the quantity and R is the ideal gas constant, where p, V, and T are the pressure, volume, and temperature. As accomplished by August Krönig in 1856 and Rudolf Clausius in 1857, it can also be derived from the microscopic kinetic theory.

To find the volume we will use the ideal gas law

PV = nRT

Where.

P = pressure

V = volume

n = amount of substance

R = ideal gas constant

T = temperature

Here, we have give pressure of  0.881 atm

Temperature of 27.4 C = (27.4+273) = 300.4 K

5.44 g of O₂ gas convert it into moles

Mass/Molar mass = No. of moles

5.44/32 = 0.17 mol

R = 0.0821 L atm K⁻¹ mol⁻¹

We need to find volume that is

V = nRT/P

    = (0.17 × 0.0821 × 300.4)/ 0.881

    = 4.76 L

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Answer:

Living beings need survive for thinking,eating,and moving.

Answer:

Brain, mouth and legs

Explanation:

the following are needed for the above questions

Answer:get a ruler and find out

Explanation:

measure from tip to tip and post a picture to see

Answer:baby carrots

Explanation:

measure with baby carr

Answer: The number of atoms = Avogadro's number = 6.022 × 10²³

Number of atoms in a mole = Avogadro's number = 6.022 × 10²³

Explanation:

1.

Mole = [tex]\frac{given mass}{molar mass}[/tex]

Also, Mole = [tex]\frac{Number of atoms/molecules/ions}{Avagadro's Number}[/tex]

∴  [tex]\frac{given mass}{molar mass}[/tex]  = [tex]\frac{Number of atoms/molecules/ions}{Avagadro's Number}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{12}{12}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{number of atoms}{Avogadro's number}[/tex]

number of atoms = Avogadro's number

number of atoms = 6.022 × 10²³

2.

Mole = [tex]\frac{Number of atoms/molecules/ions}{Avagadro's Number}[/tex]

1 =  [tex]\frac{Number of atoms/molecules/ions}{Avagadro's Number}[/tex]

number of atoms = Avogadro's number

number of atoms = 6.022 × 10²³