During previous flu seasons, small variations in the influenza virus resulted in the immune system's inability to full recognize and respond to flu exposure. As a result, the vaccine was less than 30% effective. This is an example of _____.

Answers

Answer 1

This is an example of antigenic drift.

What is antigenic drift?

Antigenic drift is defined as the changes that occur during replication in the genes encoding antigens in an organism due to mutations.

When these mutations occur in virus such as the influenza virus, the immune system would not be able to fully recognise the new viral mutant thereby rendering the administered vaccine less effective.

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Related Questions

Jason's grandmother and mother both have type 2 diabetes due to their lifestyle. Which behavior will help Jason avoid having type 2 diabetes

Answers

Answer:

Don't smoke.

Losing weight and keeping it off.

Following a healthy eating plan.

Get regular exercise.

Explanation:

Smoking can contribute to insulin resistance, which can lead to type 2 diabetes. If you already smoke, try to quit. Talk to your health care provider to see whether there is anything else you can do to delay or to prevent type 2 diabetes.

Weight control is an important part of diabetes prevention. You may be able to prevent or delay diabetes by losing 5 to 10% of your current weight. For example, if you weigh 200 pounds, your goal would be to lose between 10 to 20 pounds. And once you lose the weight, it is important that you don't gain it back.

It is important to reduce the amount of calories you eat and drink each day, so you can lose weight and keep it off. To do that, your diet should include smaller portions and less fat and sugar. You should also eat a variety of foods from each food group, including plenty of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables. It's also a good idea to limit red meat, and avoid processed meats.

Exercise has many health benefits, including helping you to lose weight and lower your blood sugar levels. These both lower your risk of type 2 diabetes. Try to get at least 30 minutes of physical activity 5 days a week. If you have not been active, talk with your health care professional to figure out which types of exercise are best for you. You can start slowly and work up to your goal.

The nurse is working with a client whose culture includes honoring one's parents and being obedient, keeping "private" matters within the family only, and not talking with strangers about family matters. given this client's belief system, how will the nurse use therapeutic communication effectively?

Answers

Answer:

Hey!!  The nurse will use therapeutic communication by honoring their patient's wishes but also providing the highest standard of medical care.

Explanation:

This includes being compassionate and making it clear to the patient that their wishes will be upheld but also as a nurse you have a responsibility to educate the patient on all aspects of their health. It should be clear that their MEDICAL concerns are the biggest priority. It is best not to "push" patients because this might cause a lapse of trust in the nurse-patient relationship.

A client with severe diarrhea asks why so much water is being expelled with each bowel movement. The healthcare provider explains that:

Answers

Answer:

the intestines are not reabsorbing sufficient fluid.

Explanation:

Ms. Bennett is a 77-year-old patient who broke her hip in a recent fall. She lives alone and will need assistance with activities of daily living (ADLs) after her discharge from the hospital following surgery to repair the broken hip. As a member of the multidisciplinary team providing care for Ms. Bennett, you must make a decision regarding the best option for Ms. Bennett’s post-discharge care

Answers

Answer:

Because patient involvement in their care and patient choice are critical aspects of providing care, I would choose the shared decision-making model, or SDM model, in this scenario. The steps of this model are (1) explain the choice, (2) describe the options, and (3) help the patient weigh the options and make a choice. Before meeting with Ms. Bennett, I would research to gather information on different care options, such as full-time placement in a skilled nursing facility until Ms. Bennett is able to perform all ADLs, a full-time in-home aide who would provide assistance with ADLs until Ms. Bennett fully recovers, and a part-time respite worker who would provide assistance with ADLs to Ms. Bennett in her home during the hours when Ms. Bennett's family members and friends can't provide this care. I would gather information regarding the length of recovery to determine the cost of each option. I would then meet with Ms. Bennett to determine her wishes regarding remaining in her own home versus placement in a skilled nursing facility. I would then discuss the benefits and drawbacks of each option in terms of level of care provided and cost. I would involve other members of the multidisciplinary team, such as social services, to determine which options Ms. Bennett's insurance would cover and how much Ms. Bennett would have to pay for each option. I would ask Ms. Bennett about family and friends and their willingness and ability to provide assistance. I would then help Ms. Bennett weigh the options and make a choice regarding her post-discharge plans for care.

Explanation:

Edmentum sample

A young mother of three children complains of increased anxiety during her annual physical exam. What information should the nurse obtain first

Answers

In stressful events such as public speaking or taking a test, anxiety is common. When feelings become excessive, all-consuming, and interfere with daily life, anxiety is just a symptom of underlying disease.

How anxiety can be treated?

Anxiety disorder symptoms can be reduced and managed using a variety of treatments. Anxiety disorder patients typically take medication and attend counseling sessions.

Antidepressants (SSRIs and SNRIs) are frequently the first medications recommended to people who have anxiety disorders. SSRIs include escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac). Duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine are two SNRIs (Effexor).

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Rosa Gutierrez was just seen by Dr. Bahjat. Her laboratory tests
have come back, and she has been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.
She is a Mexican immigrant who has lived in the United States for
the past 31 years. She is very worried about how the disease will
affect her life.
Provided response why Rosa's ethnicity plays a role in her diagnosis.

Answers

The following are the roles of ethnicity and patient education:

What is the impact on ethnicity on patient diagnosis?

In the presence of the same risk factors, there is evidence that specific ethnic groups are predisposed to type 2 diabetes.

Hispanics make up the majority of the population in the United States, and their diabetes rates are greater in both adults and children.

These are the result of changes in eating habits, increasing urbanization, environmental changes, and lifestyle changes, among other things.

Education of the patient:

1. Eating a balanced diet.

2. Get some exercise.

3. Weight loss

4. Blood sugar levels are monitored and treated.

5. Adherence to the treatment plan.

6.Infection prevention.

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13) A patient is being seen in the office for an injury suffered at his place of employment. In addition to the claim form, a first report of injury form is required to be submitted for processing of this claim. This would require what type of claim submission?

a. electronic data interchange EDI
b. modern
c. electronic
d. manual

Answers

Answer:

manual

Explanation:

The patient is being seen in the office so the patient is not much seriousThe first report of enquiry is just the patient needs to post.As it's not severe and first time so electronics are not used

Option D

Answer:

Manual

Hope it helps you, any confusions you may ask!

What is the stigma towards people infected with hiv/aids in russia?.

Answers

AIDS epidemic Russia

The number of people living with HIV in Russia now exceeds 1 million, according to official statistics. Most experts say the true figure is likely to be at least 1.5 million — around 1 percent of the total population of 146 million — because many people are unaware of their HIV-positive status.

What is meant by drawing a client in, and why is it so important for the client adopting a healthy lifestyle? What are the dangers of failing to draw the client in?

Answers

A healthy lifestyle is important in order to live a longer and disease free life.

Why is it important for adopting a healthy lifestyle?

It is so important for the client adopting a healthy lifestyle because a healthy lifestyle increases the life duration of an individual as well as less susceptible to diseases. If a person do not adopt a healthy lifestyle, the person will suffer from a large number of diseases.

So we can conclude that a healthy lifestyle is important in order to live a longer and disease free life.

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You are caring for an infant that has just returned from the catheterization lab. The infant had a radio-frequency (RF) procedure to open his pulmonary valve. You note the infant now has an increased CVP. What is the most probable cause of the increased CVP

Answers

Answer:

Pulmonary valve regurgitation is the most probable cause.

Explanation:

I hope this helps.

A pathologic condition that is characterized by a chronic inflammation of the lungs caused by acid-fast bacillus is:

Answers

Answer:

Tuberculosis

Explanation:

Fits the description

Why is it important that a pharmacist knows each medication that a person is taking before they provide a new drug?

Answers

If they don’t know what medication the person is already on, they won’t know how to help you with any unknown side effects after being combined with other medications.

If you are unable or unwilling for any reason to give breaths during cpr, what is the best action to take?.

Answers

If you are unable or unwilling for any reason to give breaths during CPR, try to provide continuous chest compressions.

What is CPR?

CPR stands for Cardiopulmonary resuscitation. It is an emergency life-saving strategy that is accomplished when someone's breathing or heartbeat has been discontinued.

It is performed by giving continuous breathing through your mouth with rapid chest compressions.

Therefore, if you are unable or unwilling for any reason to give breaths during CPR, try to provide continuous chest compressions.

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Which assessment finding is most important in determining nursing care for a client with diabetes mellitus

Answers

Answer:

Fruity breath

Explanation:

An adolescent with type 1 diabetes is experiencing a growth spurt. Which treatment approach would be most effective

Answers

Blood sugar test, glycated hemoglobin (A1C) test, fasting blood sugar test

Felicia is at the end of her pregnancy, and she is now in labor. She has been having contractions for about 18 hours, and her cervix is slowly dilating to approximately 10 centimeters. Which stage of labor is Felicia currently in

Answers

Felicia is in the first stage of labor as she is having a cervical dilation of 10 cm.

What is labor?

The process of giving birth from the cervical dilation till birth is referred to as labor.

It is usually divided into following stages:

First stage: it includes the start of contraction and cervical dilation of 10 cm.Second stage: it includes the pushing stage.Third stage: delivery of placenta.

Thus, as the Felicia is having a cervical dilation of 10 cm, it is the first stage labor.

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20 ml of 8% thiopental solution is drawn up. how many milligrams of drug does this represent

Answers

Ex: Mass By Volume Composition (formula in photo)

The current view of perceptual-motor coupling in infants is.

Answers

Gross Motor Skills and Fine Motor Skills are the current view of Perceptual Motor coupling in infants.

Perceptual Motor Skills

Perceptual motor coupling is the process in which our brains and muscles work together to control movement. This occurs in a range of ways and includes physical touching, eye contact, facial expressions, and body language among others.

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Which symptom is characteristic of someone on a hallucinogenic drug?.

Answers

Answer:

nightmarish hallucinations

Explanation:

Nightmarish hallucinations are the answer.

Symptoms include nightmarish hallucinations, extreme panic, delusions, and nausea. It is also possible to mix good and bad experiences on a trip. Other unpleasant side effects include muscle spasms and loss of coordination.

What is a hallucinogen?

Hallucinogens are a diverse group of drugs that change perception, thoughts, and emotions. They cause hallucinations, sensations, and images that look real, but are not. Hallucinogens fall into two categories: classical hallucinogens and dissociative drugs.

What is a nightmare hallucination?

Nightmares contain detailed stories, but hypnagogic hallucinations are usually a series of videos, sometimes accompanied by sound and body sensations. In adults, common nightmares are associated with PTSD and other mental conditions, certain medications, and certain sleep disorders.

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What kind of psychologist studies structure and function of the nervous system and it’s relationship to behavior

Answers

Answer:

imagine sister engagement draft invitation card for his marriage

The nurse is preparing to present an educational session on pediatric cardiopulmonary arrests. The nurse will include which statement in the teaching

Answers

"Most pediatric arrests stem from airway and breathing issues" is the  statement which should be included in the teaching on  pediatric cardiopulmonary arrests.

What is Cardiac arrest?

This health condition is characterized by lack of breathing and unconsciousness and the first aid treatment for it is cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

This usually occurs when the heart stops pumping blood to other parts of the body for various functions. Breathing problems which hinders the inhalation of oxygen will lead to cardiac arrest as a result of all cells needing it to survive and will die when there is insufficient oxygen in the body system.

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The options include the following:

"Most pediatric arrests stem from airway and breathing issues.""Obtaining an automated external defibrillator (AED) is vital to survival.""Activate the emergency response system first in an unwitnessed event.""Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in an infant if the heart rate is below 75 beats per minute."

15) Charges not eligible for coverage may also be called, on an explanation of benefits (EOB):

a. not-covered charges
b. deductible amount
c. allowed charges
d. co-payment charges

Answers

Answer:

not covered charges

Explanation:

They can be called uncovered charges also grammatically.

All charges which are falling under EOB sector can't be coveredSome stands illigible for the coverage

Option A

a. not-covered charges

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Wendy just gave birth to her first baby. What will most likely influence her memory of the pain of labor and delivery?

the intensity of the pain at the beginning of the labor
the intensity of the pain at the end of the labor
the reason for the pain
the part of her body experiencing pain
the feeling after the delivery

Answers

The feeling after the delivery will influence her memory of the pain of labor and delivery because the feeling give courage to the mother during labor.

What will most likely influence her memory of the pain of labor and delivery?

Oxytocin is also called the "hormone of love" because it is responsible for lovemaking, fertility, contractions during labor and the release of milk in breastfeeding.

So we can conclude that The feeling after the delivery will influence her memory of the pain of labor and delivery because the feeling give courage to the mother during labor.

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Oranges and other citrus fruits are high in vitamin C. If a person fails to consume enough citrus fruit, and has no other dietary sources of vitamin C, he or she might suffer from

Answers

According to the research, if a person fails to consume enough vitamin C, he or she might suffer from scurvy, bruising, skin petechiae, tiredness and weakness.

What is the nervous system?

It is a water-soluble vitamin, that is, it dissolves in water and is eliminated in the urine and acts in the body as a carrier of oxygen and hydrogen.

Its deficiency causes scurvy in humans, characterized by skin hemorrhages, we also feel tired, irritable and with joint pain.

Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, if a person fails to consume enough vitamin C, he or she might suffer from scurvy, bruising, skin petechiae, tiredness and weakness.

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Why do children of the head difficult time adjusting to being ill

Answers

Answer:

Hello I'm Tina and I will help you,

  If you mean that children have head injuries then here is the reason why it takes them a while to heal. Children have not so strong heads and are not as stong as a adult becaue they are very delicate and that why adults have to try to protect them in all the chances you get. What to do if they get a head injury?  Don't panic it may stress the child out if you panic and stress may lead to death.

Explanation:Have a great day!

list the barrier to ocular penetration which topical ophthalmic preparation must overcome

Answers

The barrier that the topical ophthalmic preparation must overcome is that of being able to assist in the treatment of infections and anatomical problems in the cornea.

What are ophthalmic preparations?

Eye drops are included in the group of “ophthalmic preparations” which are

liquidsemi-solid or solid

sterile preparations intended to be applied to the eyeball and/or conjunctiva or to be inserted into the conjunctival sac”

With this information, we can conclude that the barrier that the topical ophthalmic preparation must overcome is that of being able to assist in the treatment of infections and anatomical problems in the cornea.

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In British Pharmacopoeia (BP) assay for content of active ingredient, 20 tablets
(each stated to contain 50 mg of active ingredient) of total weight 6.5142g were
powdered. A sample of the powdered tablets of weight 0.3460g was extracted
with 0.1M NaOH, the extract filtered, and the filtrate made up to 100 cm3 with
0.1 M NaOH. A dilution ( 1 in 100 ) with 0.1M NaOH gave an absorbency value
of 0.345 at 256 nm using 1 cm cells. Given that the A (1%, 1cm) is 658 at 257 nm
in 0.1M NaOH. Calculate the percentage of the stated amount of active
ingredient per tablet

Answers

The percentage of the stated amount of active ingredient per tablet is = 15.35%

Calculation of percentage composition of active ingredient

Each tablet of the drug for assay contains= 50 mg of active ingredient.

The mass of the 20 tablets selected= 6.5142g

Therefore the mass of one tablet= X

Make X the subject of formula,

X = 6.5142/20

X= 0.32571g

Convert the 0.32571gram to miligram by multiplying by 1000 which is = 325.71mg

Therefore percentage of the stated amount of active ingredient per tablet is = 50/325.71 × 100/1

= 5000/325.71

= 15.35%

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What would you expect to happen to the prevalence of a disease if a new drug were discovered that cured the disease

Answers

The prevalence of that particular disease will decrease.

4. Which of the following is not a common benefit of electronic claims submission?

a. reduced error rate
b. processing of personal injury protection (PIP) forms
c. faster reimbursement
d. confidence that all claims in file were received

Answers

Answer:

faster reimbursement

Explanation:

Electronics claims submission is also called ECS.

In this way the reimburishment is done by third partiesso it takes comparatively much more time

option C

Answer:

c. faster reimbursement

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A client tells his Nutrition Coach he is on a 2,100 kcal/day diet. If he is trying to consume 30% of his calories from fat, how many grams of fat should he be consuming

Answers

If he is trying to consume 30% of his calories from fat, he should consume 33 grams of fat.

How much fat should I consume per day?

The WHO recommendation is to consume up to 30% fat of the total calories ingested per day. That's considering a diet of 2000 kcal/day.

With this information, we can conclude that if he is trying to consume 30% of his calories from fat, he should consume 33 grams of fat.

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