Some states invest billions of dollars in jails each year. Taxpayers are burdened by this, and financing for more rehabilitation programmes is constrained.
The majority of governments invest significantly more per prisoner than they do in K–12 education. Additionally, they spend significantly more on prisons as compared to higher ed for citizens of the state.
Spending on prisons & higher education differs even more sharply. Since 1990, state funding on schools and colleges has essentially been steady in terms of dollars adjusted for inflation. However, prison spending has almost doubled. Currently, taxpayers pay so much on jails and prisons than that on colleges and universities in 18 states.
Therefore, increasing prison budget impacts society at large including education and other services as most of the funds get exhausted in prison budgets.
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when the congress investigates federal agencies to make sure that they are following us laws, it is exercising its
when the congress investigates federal agencies to make sure that they are following us laws, it is exercising its oversight function.
Congress is using its oversight power when it looks into federal agencies to make sure they are abiding by American laws. The legislative branch's crucial role in ensuring executive branch accountability and transparency is Congressional oversight. Through oversight Congress is able to look over and assess how federal agencies are run, what programs and policies they have and whether they are upholding the law and effectively serving the public interest.
This may entail holding hearings requesting papers and data, speaking with witnesses, and generating reports. Through oversight Congress is able to spot any potential wrongdoing, inefficiencies or opportunities for improvement within the federal government and take the necessary steps to address any problems that may arise.
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journalists who refuse to comply with subpoenas or court orders to identify confidential sources are forced to turn to privileges to ward off contempt orders, jail sentences, and monetary fines.
To avoid contempt orders, jail time, and monetary fines, journalists who fail to comply with subpoenas or court orders to identify confidential sources must resort to First Amendment privileges.
In journalism, what exactly is an anonymous source?The data can be used, but no credit is required. Even on the condition of anonymity, the source does not want to be identified in any way. In general, information gathered in any of these situations can be gathered from other sources and recorded.
What are journalists banned from doing?The right not to be forced to testify or reveal sources or information in court is referred to as the "Journalists Privilege," and it is also referred to as the "journalist shield law."Defaming someone by publishing false information or negative information about them could be illegal.
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2. Most drivers take an average of 3 seconds to react.
O True
O False
False. Most drivers do not take an average of 3 seconds to react.
The average reaction time of most drivers is 0.75 seconds.
The amount of time it takes to respond to a situation by switching your foot from the gas pedal to the brake pedal is known as the reaction time. A typical reaction takes around 3/4 of a second. A few accident reconstruction experts employ 1.5 seconds.
Driver response time comprises recognizing the changed light, choosing to go or stop, and using the brakes if necessary (remove foot from accelerator and apply brake). It also depends on other factors such as age of the driver, driving experience, weather, etc.
Whether or whether the driver is aware of the need to brake has a significant impact on reaction times.
Reaction times range widely from person to person and from situation to situation between between 0.75 and 3 seconds or maybe more
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a material breach occurs when performance is substantial, but not complete.
a. true
b. false
What is the purpose of an executive agreement?
The purpose of an executive agreement are as follows-
An executive agreement is a contract made between the executive branch of the United States and a foreign nation. The agreement is as legally binding on the United States as a treaty, although it is not as formal and does not need Senate approval.
The only person who can bind the US to international responsibilities is the president, who enters into executive agreements. Executive agreements are constrained by laws so that they can only handle issues that fall inside the president's authorised powers. The constitutional requirement that treaties be ratified by two-thirds of the Senate does not apply to executive agreements.
The US Constitution does not specifically give the president the authority to carry out executive agreements. The president obtains the authority to establish these either through congressional authorisation or on the basis of the president's capacity to manage international affairs.
In its 1937 ruling in United States v. Belmont, 301 U.S. 324, the U.S. Supreme Court determined that executive agreements carry the same weight as treaties. However, unless they are approved by Congress, executive agreements are not legally obligatory on succeeding presidents.
After 1939, executive agreements became more and more common. In actuality, presidents made close to 1,200 executive agreements and signed close to 800 treaties before 1940. However, the presidents only signed 800 treaties between 1940 and 1989, although entering into more than 13,000 executive agreements.
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A legally binding international agreement known as an "executive agreement" is one that the President enters into without the advice and consent of the Senate. Executive agreements are frequently utilized to get around ratification restrictions in national constitutions. Many republican countries with written constitutions have provisions governing treaty ratification.
What accomplishes executive agreements?An agreement between the United States and a foreign government known as an executive agreement is less formal than a treaty and is exempt from the constitutional requirement that it be approved by two-thirds of the U.S. Senate. Presidents have repeatedly entered the United States into foreign accords in recent decades without the Senate's advice or authorization. "Executive agreements" are what these are called. Executive agreements are still legally enforceable even when they are not submitted to the Senate for approval.
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in _______________, the government prosecutes an individual for breaking the law.
In appeals the government prosecutes an individual for breaking the law.
A legal procedure by which a case is taken before a higher court for review of a lower court's decision is known as an appeal. an application for confirmation, justification, or decision (as to a recognized authority): a sincere request: entreaty. a request for aid.
a request made to a court of law or an authoritative figure to overturn a prior judgment: The appeals court was consulted in this instance. He prevailed on appeal, and the sentence was reduced by halfIf you think a judge made a mistake in a lower court (the trial court), you can ask a higher court to review their ruling through the legal procedure known as an appeal. An appellant is a party to a lawsuit who appeals a decision. An appellee is the party who is the subject of the appeal.
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Which of the following are types of conditions that affect the performance obligations of the parties?
A) Conditions precedent and subordinate conditions
B) Conditions subsequent and executory conditions
C) Concurrent conditions and conditions subsequent
D) Conditions precedent, conditions subsequent, and concurrent conditions
E) Conditions precedent and executed conditions
D) Conditions precedent, conditions subsequent, and concurrent conditions are the three types of conditions.
Is there a precedent?A condition precedent is an event that must take place before the parties are required to perform in a contract. For instance, if a customer's home is destroyed by fire during the policy period, an insurance contract may mandate that the insurer cover the cost of rebuilding it. The fire is a precedent condition.
What does the term "condition subsequent" mean?A condition subsequent is a situation or event that will end one party's obligation to the other if it occurs. The fact that a condition subsequent takes effect after a party has already assumed a duty or an interest has already vested distinguishes it from similar condition precedents.
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what limits the presidentâs power to make treaties with other countries?
The President's ability to negotiate treaties is constrained since a treaty cannot become enforceable without the approval of two-thirds of the Senate. Treaties are legally binding agreements that are incorporated into international law.
What are the President's foreign policy powers?The Senate's advise and consent are required for all appointments made by the president, who also serves as commander in chief and has the authority to name ambassadors. The President's Foreign Policy is formulated and carried out by the State Department.
The President has the authority to negotiate and sign treaties, which are then ratified by the Senate. The Executive Branch also engages in diplomacy with other countries. Executive orders are documents that the president can issue to direct executive offices or to explain and advance current laws. He has the authority to sign treaties and executive agreements, designate ambassadors, and welcome them.
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What is an example of a political gaff? Why are they important?
A political gaff are important because they sometimes tells about a politician views. Some example of a popular political gaff includes:
Howard Dean Goes Out in a Blaze of GloryGeorge W. Bush Declares 'Mission AccomplishedJoe Biden Tries to Make a Disabled Man StandRonald Reagan Almost Starts World War IIIWhat is the meaning of political gaffe?Basically, a political gaffe refers to an error in speech made by a politician. Its also means an unintentional comment that causes a politician embarrassment. In other words, it means a politician inadvertently saying something publicly that they privately believe is true, but would ordinarily not say because it is politically damaging.
According to Barack Obama, he defined the political gaffe as any maladroit phrase by a candidate that reveals ignorance, carelessness, fuzzy thinking, insensitivity, malice, boorishness, falsehood or hypocrisy which is deemed to veer sufficiently far from the conventional wisdom to make said candidate vulnerable to attack.
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suppose you are on the city council of a large city with a home-rule charter. polling shows that your citizens want to ban single-use plastic bags, and the city council is in favor of outlawing use of plastic bags at stores. can the texas legislature stop this ordinance from going into effect?
suppose you're at the metropolis council of a huge metropolis with a home-rule charter. polling indicates that your residents need to prohibit single-use plastic baggage, and the metropolis council is in prefer of outlawing use of plastic baggage at stores. No, texas cannot legislature prevent this ordinance from going into effect.
Single-use plastic merchandise (SUPs) are used once, or for a quick duration of time, earlier than being thrown away. The affects of this plastic waste at the surroundings and our fitness are international and may be drastic. Single-use plastic merchandise are much more likely to grow to be in our seas than reusable options. Plastic baggage start off as fossil fuels and grow to be as lethal waste in landfills and the ocean.
Birds frequently mistake shredded plastic baggage for food, filling their stomachs with poisonous debris. For hungry sea turtles, it is almost not possible to differentiate among jellyfish and floating plastic buying baggage. When some thing is outlawed, it's far made illegal. The exercise has now been outlawed. An outlaw is a crook who's hiding from the authorities. He became an outlaw, a bandit, a crook.
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which of the following factors have influenced the ideological evolution of political parties since the late twentieth century?
The end of the Cold War, the rise of domestic and international terrorism, and the increasing significance of the parties' views on foreign policy.
What factors were responsible for the growth of political parties?Political parties or factions began to emerge during the struggle to ratify the federal Constitution of 1787.They became more at odds as the focus shifted from the creation of a new federal government to its potential power.
In the 20th century, what political parties existed?Over the years, political parties and the policies they advocated changed. Democrats and Republicans were the two main political parties in the twentieth century.
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The Supreme Court is deeply involved in politics in each of the following ways EXCEPT:______.
A. how its members are chosen.
B. by contributing to the campaigns of congressional allies.
C. how members choose which cases to hear.
D. how members make decisions.
E. the effects of its decisions.
The Supreme Court is deeply involved in politics by contributing to the campaigns of congressional allies.
Option B is correct : by contributing to the campaigns of congressional allies.
First of all, as the nation's highest court, it serves as the last resort for individuals seeking justice.
Second, it is crucial for ensuring that each arm of government understands the boundaries of its own authority because of its ability to conduct judicial reviews. The Court may rule on matters with political connotations, but it lacks the authority to decide on non-justiciable political issues, and its enforcement branch is located in the executive rather than the judicial department of government.
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Is Thanksgiving Day a legal holiday in the US?
This is a public holiday in the state. There are no state government offices open. On this day, some businesses and schools might also be closed. In the United States, Thanksgiving Day is a federal holiday.
Is Thanksgiving recognized as a holiday in the United States?In the United States, Thanksgiving Day is a national holiday; in 2022, it will fall on November 24.One of the first Thanksgiving celebrations held in the colonies was held in 1621 by the Plymouth colonists and the Wampanoag at an autumn harvest feast.
Is Thanksgiving a holiday for businesses?Most bosses in the US treat Thanksgiving Day as a paid occasion. Although the exact number varies by industry, the day after Thanksgiving has become increasingly popular with employers in recent years.
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identify 5 relationship between Constitution and constitutionlization
There is a relationship between Constitution and constitutionlization. The Constitution is said to ensure that the government does not own the state. Whereas, constitutionlization is the opposite of despotism.
This modern idea of the Constitution is said to result from a basic shift which took place in conceiving the relationship between government and people. Thus, the Constitution ensures that the government does not own the state and thus simply manage the state.
However, in this sense, constitutionlization is considered to be the opposite of despotism. Despotism is a system of government wherein the governing authorities are a law unto themselves.
Hence, the Constitution is the highest law in the land.
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during the 2016 presidential election, which of the following divides were evident in the democratic party?
Thus, there was a consensus that government should be with the consent of the governed, that it should be limited by law, that there should be a written constitution with some method of amendment, that there should be a separation of powers, and that there should be a bill of rights.
What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention?In 1787, the Articles of Confederation were called for revision at a meeting of state delegates in Philadelphia. Instead, it created the US Constitution, a brand-new government structure.
What is the significance of third parties in American politics?Third parties are important because they can introduce voters to new ideas, policies, and issues that the two major parties wouldn't normally discuss. Additionally, they have the ability to dissuade voters from supporting one party and result in the victory of the opposing party.
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match each supreme court case to its description(s). note that every item may not have a match, while some items may have more than one match. drag each item on the left to its matching item on the right. note that every item may not have a match, while some items may have more than one match. mcdonald v. chicago district of columbia v. heller this ruling stated that the second amendment right was absolute, overturning all existing gun ownership restrictions. press space to open for the first time, the court ruled that the second amendment provides a constitutional right to keep a loaded handgun at home for self-defense. press space to open the court left room for some restrictions to gun ownership. press space to open for the first time, the court extended second amendment rights beyond the national level to the state and local levels.
The correct answer is 4 (Slightly fewer than a majority, at 4). To avoid confusion with the outstanding Sherlock Holmes book The Sign of Four, it is alternatively referred to as "The Rule of Four."
There is a filed petition for a writ of certiorari Nearly all cases that the Supreme Court might review start here. Legal assistants assess the petition (The "cert pool" makes it easier for justices to get a handle on the thousands of potential cases they could hear.) A writ of certiorari is given by the court (Once granted, a case with certiorari will appear before the Court.) Oral deliberations begin (Once a case is argued before the Supreme Court, the justices vote on their decision and issue an opinion.) -Only the government has the authority to file charges against a person (In criminal law, the government brings a case against a specific party.)
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A law firm is going to designate associates and partners to a big new case. The daily rate charged to the client for each associate is $800 and the daily rate for each partner is $1800. The law firm designated twice as many partners as associates to the case and was able to charge the client $17600 per day for these lawyers' services. Write a system of equations that could be used to determine the number of associates assigned to the case and the number of partners assigned to the case. Define the variables that you use to write the system.
To the case were assigned 8 partners and 3 associates.
Since a law firm will assign associates and partners to a large new case, and since the daily rate charged to the client for each associate is $ 700 and the daily rate for each partner is $ 1500, and because the law firm assigned a total of 11 lawyers to the case and was able to charge the client $ 14100 per day for these lawyers' services, the following calculation must be performed to determine the number of associates assigned to the case and the number of partners assigned to the case.
(11 x 1500) + (0 x 700) = 16500
16500 - 14100 = 2400
1500 - 700 = 800
2400/800 = 3
(8 x 1500) +(3 x 700) = 14100
Hence,8 partners and 3 associates were consequently assigned to the case
who are partners and associate in a law firmA lawyer who retains a portion of ownership in the firm where they work is known as a law firm partner. The responsibilities of partners in a law firm can be similar to those of many other types of attorneys, including visiting with clients and presenting cases in court, while An attorney who is fresh to the field works as an associate at a legal firm. This could imply that associates frequently have less legal experience than other attorneys.
Conclusively, in the legal field, a partner and an associate are two important individuals. Although both partners and associates are attorneys, there are some key differences between the two roles.
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a driver will have more time and space to exercise options by searching ........ seconds ahead, identifying objects that could require a change in speed or direction ...... seconds ahead, and possible alternative path ....... seconds in advance.
A driver will have more time and space to explore their options by looking 20 to 30 seconds in advance, locating objects that might necessitate a shift in speed or direction 12 to 15 seconds in advance, and considering alternative routes 8 to 12 seconds in advance.
Why is it necessary for a driver to quickly process visual information?The driver has more time to spot potential issues if they look as close as possible and speed up to the visual field.
How much space do you see in front of you as you drive?In all environments, it is recommended to scan ahead 12-15 seconds, 1-112 blocks in urban environments, and 14 mile in highway environments. Before and after changing lanes, check mirrors and blind spots every three to five seconds.
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who has the power to ratify treaties
The only body with the authority to ratify treaties and confirm presidential appointments is the Senate. However, there are two exceptions to this rule: any treaty involving international trade and the approval of Vice President nominees by the House.
Which authority only belongs to the Senate?Impeachment trials must be conducted by the Senate alone, which acts as both jury and judge. Three presidents and 20 other federal officials have been tried by the Senate since 1789. Since 1792, the Congress has looked into corruption in the executive branch and other areas of American society.
There are situations when the Senate's jurisdiction exceeds that of the President or the House of Representatives. Impeachment proceedings before the Senate have the power to remove the President for misbehavior.
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What is a fire insurance mark?
Need it right now
Fire insurance marks are metal plaques with the insurance company's logo that were attached on the front of insured buildings to serve as a direction for the fire brigade of the insurance company.
Prior to the establishment of municipal fire departments, these identification markings were utilised throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The symbols in the UK are known as "Fire insurance plaques." The Sun Fire Office, founded in 1710, was the initial entity to utilise the mark. Historic structures in the older sections of British and American cities and larger towns still display some period artefacts. Iron, lead, and even brass were used to make cast metal plaques. Flat enamel signs, which were mostly produced in Continental Europe, were also produced, along with embossed sheet metal signs.
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the supreme court’s power of judicial review ________.
The supreme court’s power of judicial review means that it check the validity of the laws made by the legislative or executive branch of the government and can has the power to declare any law as constitutional or unconstitutional.
What is Supreme Court?The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States and is the final court of appeal for all legal disputes in the country. It is part of the judicial branch of the federal government, along with lower federal courts and state courts.
The Supreme Court of United States is composed of nine justices, who are appointed by the President of the United States and confirmed by the Senate.
The supreme court’s power of judicial review means that it can declare laws made by the other branch of the government as unconstitutional.
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Which of these are required steps in the process to become a naturalized citizen? select four answers.
I swear to abide by American law. complete a two-part test. be a citizen of the United States for a predetermined period of time. pledge your allegiance to the US with an oath.
Who Is Eligible for Naturalization?As a condition of applying for naturalization, you must:
Being at least 18 years old when submitting the application;Have had a green card for the last three or five years, depending on the category you are filing for citizenship under;Possess a permanent address and physical presence within the United States;Basic English reading, writing, and speaking skills;Show excellent moral character ;Knowledge of and understanding of American history and government, commitment to the U.S. Constitution's tenets, A willingness to swear the oath of allegiance.To Learn more About citizen of the US refer to:
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recent shootings of unarmed black men by polic may be explained by socioal psychologists as examples of implicit racial
Social psychologists offer an explanation for the recent police shootings of unarmed black men as instances of implicit racial prejudice.
What is an illustration of prejudice?Prejudice based on a person's race, gender, nationality, social status, sexual orientation, or religious affiliation are some common examples. Controversies can arise from any topic.
What distinguishes prejudice from discrimination?To recap, we now know that discrimination is based on prejudice, which is merely a negative attitude that is unsupported by any facts.
How can racial prejudice be used in a sentence?The book's central theme is her struggle against poverty and racial prejudice. It is evident that the authors are emphasizing the racial prejudice that frequently follows linguistic prejudice.
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T/F: The most obvious failure of monopoly markets lies in the high prices they allow the monopoly companies to charge, violating capitalist justice.
Negate rights by preventing other businesses from entering the market, allowing a monopolist to compel consumers to buy products they don't want, and allowing the monopolist to set prices and quantities that consumers are forced to accept.
What is the primary social issue brought on by monopoly?Due to the lack of service provided to some customers who would be willing to pay the product's marginal cost (MC), Monopoly results in a social cost known as a deadweight loss. Since monopolists are price setters rather than price takers, there is no supply curve in a monopoly.
Can monopolies be a part of capitalism?The market might be free in name as it were: In a capitalist system, a private owner may hold a monopoly in a particular industry or region, preventing genuine competition. In contrast, a free market system relies solely on supply and demand, with little or no government oversight.
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lucy is single and has $225,000 of taxable income from services outside her employment before the qualified business income deduction. which of the following types of services,
Answer: Engineering
Explanation: Engineering services are not a specified trade or business, thus, her income from engineering services would be QBI.
when a majority of the supreme court justices agree on a decision but not the legal reasoning behind it, the court issues a , which is the opinion having the most justices in support of it.
Answer:
plurality opinion
Explanation:
a is a document intended to assure authourites in the exporting county that the products will be used for ligitamate purposes
A document known as a certificate of end use is meant to reassure authorities in the exporting nation that the product will be used in a legal manner.
What is the motivation behind an Endorsement of Beginning?An important document for international trade, a Certificate of Origin (CO) demonstrates that a particular export shipment's goods were entirely obtained, produced, manufactured, or processed in a particular nation.
What is a Certificate of Chamber Commerce?A Certificate of Origin is a document that a Chamber of Commerce can issue to verify the origin of goods being exported.The buyer's country's customs require it to determine tariff rates and demonstrate the goods' origin.
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Richard, an 11-year-old boy, bangs his head against the wall because doing so typically leads to his mother backing off on requests for him to do chores. He has been banging his head more frequently for the past 2 weeks. According to the Four-Factor Model of NSSI, which function seems to be the MOST relevant to Richard’s NSSI?
As Richard bangs his head against the wall because doing so typically leads to his mother backing off on requests for him to do chores. The act of banging his head for past 2 weeks according to the Four-Factor Model of NSSI shows that the automatic-positive reinforcement function seems to be the MOST relevant to Richard’s NSSI.
What should we know about 4 Factor Model of NSSI?The acronym "NSSI" means a nonsuici-dal self-injury, which refers to a repeated and intention damage to the surface of body with intent to cause bleeding, bruising or pain and no suidi-cal intent.
According to Nock & Prinstein, they demonstrated that both structural and construct validity of a four-factor model of NSSI functions includes a automatic-negative reinforcement, automatic-positive reinforcement, social-negative reinforcement and social-positive reinforcement.
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Under the code, an athlete in the registered testing pool with any combination of three whereabouts filing failures and/or missed tests from any entity in __________ may result in an anti-doping rule violation.
Under the code, an athlete in the registered testing pool with any combination of three whereabouts filing failures and/or missed tests from any entity in Registered Testing Pool may result in an anti-doping rule violation.
About Registered Testing Pool
The ITTF and National Anti-Doping Organizations separately formed the Registered Testing Pool (RTP), a group of the highest priority athletes, at the international and national levels. The International Standard for Testing & Investigations and Code Art. 5.5 (Athletes Whereabouts Information) both require athletes who are a part of the ITTF RTP to provide their whereabouts information because they are relevant to both in- and out-of-competition testing as part of the ITTF's test distribution plan.
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although james madison personally did not believe that the tenth amendment was necessary, he urged that it be adopted. a.true b.false
True although james madison personally did not believe that the tenth amendment was necessary, he urged that it be adopted.
What is the significance of the 10th Amendment to federalism?Because it is also known as the 10th Amendment to the Constitution, this is significant: The states have exclusive control over any powers not specifically granted to the national government. Because the powers are shared or divided between the national government and the states, this amendment preserved the idea of federalism.
What is the significance of the 10th Amendment to federalism?The states and their citizens are authorized to exercise powers not specifically granted to the federal government by the 10th Amendment. It permits states to establish distinct rules and regulations independent of the federal government.
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