different types of chromatography techniques can be classified according to physical states of the mobile and stationary phases. following the procedure for this experiment, how do you classify column chromatography?

Answer:

the answer is c..................

When ice melts to liquid form, oits potential energy decreases. As its melts the movement of particles increases thus, kinetic energy starts to increase.

Potential energy of an object is the energy generated by virtue of its motion whereas, kinetic energy is generated by the motion of the object. Together they are called mechanical energy of the object.

The melting point of a substance is the temperature at which it converts from its solid state to liquid state. This physical process needs energy to weaken the intermolecular forces of attraction between the particles.

Thus, when ice melts to water, the particle -particle force decreases leading to enough space to move and they gains a kinetic energy. Therefore, its potential energy decreases.

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The composition of the saturated liquid is 2571.428g.

The maximum concentration of a solute that can be dissolved in a solvent without forming a solute-rich secondary phase. Basically, lowering the temperature of a saturated solution, or cooling it, reduces the solubility of the solute. It will begin to form crystals and settle to the bottom of the container or jar. This creates a supersaturated solution.

Sugar dissolves faster in hot water than in cold water. This is because hot water has more energy than cold water. When water is heated, the molecules gain energy and move faster. They move faster, so they come into contact with sugar more often and dissolve faster. Solubility indicates the maximum amount of a substance that can be dissolved in a solvent at a given temperature. Such a solution is called saturated.

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The organization of cells happens in the following way, firstly cells are organized into tissues, which are organized into organs, organs are organized into organ systems, which form your whole body.

The biological organization exists at all levels in organisms. It can be seen at the smallest level, in the molecules which are made up of such things as DNA and proteins, to the largest level, in an organism such as the blue whale (largest mammal on Earth). Similarly, single-celled prokaryotes and eukaryotes demonstrate the order in which their cells are arranged.

Single-celled organisms like amoeba are free-floating and independent living. Their single-celled "bodies" can carry out all the processes of life, such as metabolism and respiration, without any help from other cells. Other single-celled organisms, such as bacteria, can group and form a biofilm. A biofilm is a large group of bacteria that sticks to a surface and makes a protective coating to cover itself. Biofilms can show similarities to multicellular organisms. Division of labor is the process in which one group of cells does a single job (such as making the "glue" that sticks the biofilm to the surface) while another group of cells carries out another job (such as taking in nutrients).

Multicellular organisms execute their life processes through the division of labor. They consist of specialized cells that do specific jobs. However, biofilms don't come under multicellular organisms and are instead called colonial organisms. The difference between a multicellular organism and a colonial organism is that individual organisms from a colony or biofilm can, if separated, survive on their own, while cells from a multicellular organism (e.g., liver cells) cannot.

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The mass of the tin and oxygen gas taken for the reaction was 54 grams and 14.66 grams​ respectively.

The tin(IV) oxide or stannic oxide, has the formula SnO₂. Tin metal is burned in the air to form tin(IV) oxide.  In a reverberatory furnace, SnO₂ is reduced to metal with carbon at 1200–1300 °C.

Tin(iv) oxide is a crystalline solid that is white and sublime at 1800-1900°C. The melting point of tin(IV) oxide is 1127°C and its density is 6.95 g/cm³.

Tin and oxygen react with each other to generate tin(IV) oxide SnO₂.

Sn (s)   +   O₂ (g)  [tex]\longrightarrow[/tex]   SnO₂(s)

The atomic mass of the tin (Sn) = 118.71 g/mol

The molecular mass of oxygen gas (O₂) = 32 g/mol

The molar mass of the tin(IV) oxide = 150.71 g/mol

Given, the mass of the tin(IV) oxide formed = 68.6 g

If  150.71 g tin(IV) oxide formed from tin =  118.71 g

Then 68.6 g tin(IV) oxide will be formed from Sn = 54 g

If  150.71 g tin(IV) oxide formed from oxygen = 32 g

68.6 g will be formed from oxygen = (32× 68.6)/150.71 g = 14.66 g

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The boiling point would remain unchanged, because boiling point does not depend on the volume of the liquid.

What is a boiling point?

The temperature at which a liquid's vapor pressure equals the pressure around it and the liquid transforms into a vapor is known as the boiling point of a material. A liquid's boiling point changes according on the atmospheric pressure in the area.

A liquid's boiling point changes depending on the pressure being applied; the normal boiling point is the temperature at which the vapour pressure is equal to the average atmospheric pressure at sea level (760 mm [29.92 inches] of mercury). Water boils at sea level at 100° C (212° F).

Hence, the boiling point will remain unchanged.

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Low pressure is usually located near the equator whereas high air pressure is usually located over the  North and South Poles.

Areas in low latitudes close to the equator are alluded to as the tropics. Sunlight hits the Earth’s surface there at a high angle. It is about a 90° point all year round. As a result, the tropics receive more sunlight per unit of surface range than other places on Earth. This causes the arrival, the water, and then the air at the equator to always be warm. At scopes close to the North Pole and the South Pole, sunlight strikes Earth’s surface at a low angle. Sunlight is spread over a larger surface region than within the tropics. This implies that the poles receive exceptionally small energy per unit of the surface zone and so they are cooler. Since that warm air rises and cold air sinks. Warm air is much less denser than cold air. Rising warm air puts less pressure on Earth than cooler air. Air pressure is ordinarily low over the tropics because it is as a rule warm there. Air pressure is as a rule high over colder zones such as the North and South Posts.

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Antacids neutralize the hydrochloric acid in your stomach  the correct Neutralization reaction of stomach acid with milk of magnesia is

Mg(OH)2(s) + 2HCl(aq) ==> MgCl2(aq) + 2H2O(l)

Heartburn, indigestion, and upset stomach can be treated with antacids, which neutralize stomach acid. Some antacids have been used to treat diarrhea and constipation. Marketed antacids include sodium, calcium, magnesium, or aluminum salts. Some medications have two salts in combination, like magnesium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide.

In a chemical reaction known as neutralization an acid and a base interact quantitatively. By neutralizing a reaction in water, surplus hydrogen or hydroxide ions are removed from the solution.

Because milk of magnesia is an alkaline suspension, anything acidic it comes into contact with triggers a neutralizing reaction. Because of this, when taken internally, it effectively combats excess stomach acid.

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Answer:

A miniature keychain lamp produces one or two lumens

Baased on the percent abundances and relative atomic masses of its two naturally occuring isotopes, the average atomic mass of rhenium is 186.252 amu.

To calculate the average atomic mass of rhenium, we need to multiply the relative atomic mass of each isotope with its corresponding percent abundance, and then add the results up.

So, for Re-185:

185 amu * 0.374 = 69.19 amu

(amu = atomic mass unit)

And for Re-187:

187 amu * 0.626 = 117.062

Now we add these two up to reach the average atomic mass of rhenium:

69.19 amu + 117.062 amu = 186.252 amu

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White milk is a colloidal solution, Pepsi is a solution, Oxygen is a pure substance, vinegar is a solution and vegetable salad is a mechanical mixture.

Pure substances have a stable or unchanging structure and ar created from only one form of particle. parts and compounds ar subclasses of pure substances. a cloth that only contains one kind or category of atom is alleged to be a component.

In contrast to a chemical composition, a mechanical mixture has components that can be separated mechanically.

A solution is an amalgam of ions or molecules (very, very small).

A suspension may appear cloudy or muddy due to the greater particle sizes present.

Sol is another name for a colloidal solution. Colloidal particles make up the dispersed phase in a sol, which has a continuous medium known as the dispersion medium.

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16.934 grams of water is formed when 12.5 liter NH3 (at 298 k and 1.50 atm) is reacted with 18.9 l of o2 (at 323 k and 1.1 atm).

Using the formula of ideal gas equation PV = RT

Where P is pressure, V is volume, R is Avogadro’s constant and T is temperature

We calculate the given as,

number of NH3 = n1 

n1= PV/RT 

= 0.7663 moles

number of moles of O2 = n2

n2 = 0.784 moles

now, - 5 moles of O2-------------6 moles of H20

hence, 0.784 moles will give

 6 x 0.784 / 5 = 0.941 moles of H2O 

0.941 moles of H2O = 16.934 gms

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The volume of carbon dioxide given off when 0.9 grams of glucose ferments is 0.22414 Liters.

The molecular weight of glucose is 180 grams/mole. Moles of glucose are calculated by the mass of glucose divided by molecular weight.

Moles of glucose = 0.9 ÷ 180 = 0.005

According to the stoichiometry of the reaction C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2, moles of CO2 produced by the fermentation of glucose are two times the moles of glucose. So, the moles of CO2 produced are 0.01

At r.t.p., the volume of 1 mole of any gas is measured to be 22.214 L

hence, the volume of 0.01 moles of CO2 = 0.01 × 22.214 = 0.22214 L

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Answer:

48.059

Explanation:

Find on periodic table and add

32.06+15.99

The statement about chemical reaction is true is :

B) The reaction rate can increase.

A) The rates are always constant is not true. for a chemical reaction, the rate of chemical reaction does not remains constant because rate depends on the concentration of reactants.

B) The rate of reaction can increase is true . for a chemical reaction , the rate of reaction can be increase by increasing the concentration of reactant.

C) The rate of reaction cannot change is not true.

D) The rate of reaction cannot decreases is not true . reaction rates

decreases with time .

Thus, The statement about chemical reaction is true is :

B) The reaction rate can increase.

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6 electrons are lost in all in redox reaction between aluminium  and manganese ion as aluminium looses  3 electrons to get oxidized and manganese get 2 electrons to get reduced hence 3×2=6 electrons are lost.

Redox reactions comprise of two parts a reduced part and an oxidized part, which occur simultaneously . The part which is reduced gain electrons and hence there is a increase in oxidation state of the species.

While, the part which is oxidized looses electrons and hence there is a decrease in oxidation state of the species. Electrons which are given off in oxidation are used up in reduction.

The ion or molecule which accepts electrons is called as oxidizing agent while the ion or molecule which donates electrons is called as a reducing agent.

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The mass of platinum present in a 37g sample of this compound is calculated to be 27.136 g

To determine the mass of platinum we first determine the empirical formula as follows;

chlorine: mass / molar mass = 2.30 / 35.453 = 0.065 moles

platinum: mass / molar mass = 6.33 / 195.084 = 0.032 moles

Now dividing each of the calculated mole values by the smallest number of moles;

chlorine: 0.065 / 0.032 = 2.03 ≈ 2

platinum : 0.032 / 0.032 = 1

Therefore the empirical formula would be [tex]PtCl_{2}[/tex]

Now we have to find the mass of platinum in 37g of [tex]PtCl_{2}[/tex];

mass of platinum / total mass = x / 37

x / 37 = ( 195.084)/(195.084 + 2×35.454)

x / 37 = 0.73342

x = 37 × 0.73342

x = 27.136

Hence the mass of platinum in a 37g sample of this compound is calculated to be 27.136 g

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A phenol red solution changes color as there is change in pH. A molecule that will cause a decrease in pH as its levels increase is an acid. Acids are molecules that release H+ ions in solution, and this increase in H+ ions decreases the pH of the solution.

A decrease in pH indicates an increase in the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. One molecule that can cause this is carbonic acid (H2CO3). Carbonic acid is formed when carbon dioxide (CO2) dissolves in water and reacts with water molecules to form H+ and HCO3- ions. The H+ ions increase the acidity of the solution and decrease the pH.

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Answer

The rate increases to eight times the original rate.

Explanation

When the concentration of each reaction is doubled, the rate increases by eighth compared to the initial rate.

Example: Rate =k[A][B]^2

Lets assume : [A]1 = 0.1 and [A]2 = 0.2

[B]1 = 0.2 and [B]2 = 0.4

Initially: Rate = (0.1)(0.2)^2 = 4x10^-3

After doubling: Rate = (0.2)(0.4)^2 = 0.032

Divide the final answer by the initial one

=> 0.032/4x10^-3 = 8

By converting the 400 nm wavelength of violet light into meters we are get 4.0.10^-7.

What is wavelength?

wavelength can be defined as the distance between two successive crests or throughs of a wave. It is measured in the direction of the wave.

The wavelength of light defined as the distance between the two successive crests or throughs of the light wave.

The wavelength of light is the distance between corresponding point in two adjacent light cycles and the frequency.

Convert the unit for 400nm-

4.0.10^-7

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In the titration of acetic acid and NaOH using an indicator, the reported mass percent of acetic acid is higher.

To indicate the color shift, a small amount of base is applied to the indicator. This yields the titration end point. It should be emphasized that this tiny surplus of base is used by the indication rather than the titre. This indicates that titration has already been finished, and the added base helps elevate pH, causing the indicator to change hue.

[tex]M_{acid} V_{acid} = M_{base} V_{base}[/tex]

[tex]V_{base}[/tex] will be somewhat higher, resulting in a slightly higher estimated value of [tex]M_{acid}[/tex].

[tex]M_{acid} = M_{base} V_{base} / V_{acid}[/tex]

This mistake is insignificant since very little excess is required for the indicator to change color.

During the titration of NaOH versus [tex]CH_3COOH[/tex] using indicator, the number of [tex]OH^-[/tex] ions required to reach the end point equals the number of [tex]H^+[/tex] ions from the analyte, [tex]CH_3COOH[/tex] plus the number of [tex]H^+[/tex] ions from the indicator, resulting in a slightly higher calculated molarity of acetic acid and a higher reported mass percent of acetic acid.

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The % of composition of unknown Ni compound is 5869 %

Composition is the act of combining part or element to form a whole and it is also refer to arrangement type and ratio of atom and molecule in the chemical substances

Here we have to find % composition of Ni compound = ?

For % composition  = mass of element/molecular mass × 100

Mass of Ni = 58.69 u

For % composition  of unknown Ni compound  =  58.69 u × 100

For % composition  of unknown Ni compound  = 5869 %

% composition = 5869 %

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Svante Arrhenius theory suggests that in order for a substance to release either H+ or OH- ions, it must contain that particular ion. However, this does not explain the weak base ammonia (NH3), In Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory, acids are defined as proton donors; whereas bases are defined as proton acceptors.

With the chemical formula NH3, ammonia is a nitrogen and hydrogen inorganic compound. Ammonia is a colorless gas with a strong, pungent odor.

It is a stable binary hydride and the most basic pnictogen hydride. In terms of biology, it is a typical nitrogenous waste, especially among aquatic organisms, and it significantly contributes to the nutritional requirements of terrestrial organisms by acting as a precursor to 45 percent of the world's food and fertilizers.

Approximately 70% of ammonia is used to create fertilizers, including urea and diammonium phosphate, in a variety of shapes and compositions. Additionally, pure ammonia is sprayed onto the ground.

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4.40 L of a gas is collected at 323 K. The volume of this gas upon cooling to 298 K will be

To calculate the volume upon cooling, we will use the Charles law.

Charles law states that, Volume and the temperature of a gas are directly proportional to each other if there is a fixed amount of gas present at a fixed amount of pressure.

This law is given as -

V ∝ T

V/T = constant.

where,

V = volume

T = temperature

Using this equation, we will find the new volume -

substituting values -

V₁ = V₂

T₁    T₂

4.40 = V₂  

323      298

V₂ = 4.40 x 298

             323

V₂ = 4.05 L

Therefore, the new volume upon cooling will be 4.05 L.

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For each of the following compounds, state whether it is ionic or covalent.

(a) covalent compound

(b) ionic compound

(c) ionic compound

(d) ionic compound

(e) covalent compound

(a) NF₃ , nitrogen trifluoride is covalent. the nitrogen and fluorine are nonmetallic elements. they form bond by the sharing of electron.

(b) BaO , barium oxide is an ionic compound.  

symbol of ions = Ba²⁺  O²⁻

(c) (NH₄)₂CO₃ , ammonium carbonate is an ionic compound.

symbol of ions = NH₄⁺     CO₃²⁻

(d) Sr(H₂PO₄)₂ , strontium dihydrogen phosphate is an ionic compound.

symbol of ion = Sr²⁺    (H₂PO₄)⁻

(e) IBr , iodine monobromide is a covalent compound.

Thus, For each of the following compounds, state whether it is ionic or covalent.

(a) covalent compound

(b) ionic compound

(c) ionic compound

(d) ionic compound

(e) covalent compound

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We can see here that the both measurements are accurate. This is the true because the both values are in the correct number of significant figures.

The term density has to do with the ratio of the mass to the density of the object. We know that the accuracy of a measurement has a lot to do with the number of significant figures in the measurement. In this case, we are told that two students in a lab are asked to calculate the density of a block with a mass of 31.0 g; they are not told how many digits to round their measurements. Student A finds length to be 2 cm width to be 4 cm and height 8 cm. Student B finds the length to be 2.65 cm, width to be 4.20 cm, and height to be 8.35 cm.

For the first student, the density is obtained as;

Density = mass/ volume

= 31.0 g/ 2 cm * 4 cm *  8 cm

= 0.5 g/cm^3

For the second student;

Density = mass/ volume

= 31.0 g/2.65 cm * 4.20 cm * 8.35 cm

= 0.33 g/cm^3

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The enthalpy of the process could be obtained as -14.22 kJ/mol.

We have to find the number of moles of the calcium chloride from;

1. 00 M * 25/1000L = 0.025 moles

Number of moles of the calcium fluoride = 2.00 M * 25/1000 L = 0.05 moles

Given that 1 mole of  calcium chloride reacts with 2 moles of  calcium fluoride

0.025 moles of calcium chloride reacts with 2 moles  *  0.025 moles/1 mole

= 0.05 moles

Hence, calcium chloride is the limiting reactant.

The total mass of the solution = 25 ml + 25 ml  = 50 ml

Mass of the solution = 50 g

The heat lost = -( 50 g * 4. 184 j/°c•g * (26. 7°c * 25. 0°c)) * 10^-3/0.025 moles

= -14.22 kJ/mol

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Answer:

the answer is A-Helium

Explanation:

trying to reach 20

According to the law of conservation of momentum and energy, 28.4% of the kinetic energy from the neutron is transferred to the nucleus of the carbon during the elastic collision.

In elastic collisions, momentum and kinetic energy are both preserved. Imagine two trolleys that resemble one another moving in the same direction at the same pace. They clash, maintaining their speed as they bounce off one another. The fact that no energy has been wasted makes this collision fully elastic.

The rules of energy and momentum conservation are some of the most significant and practical ideas in physics. According to the principle of conservation of momentum, the overall momentum of a system of bodies remains constant no matter what external forces are present (it is conserved). The total energy is also a constant if all forces, internal or external, can be described by a potential; this is the law of conservation of energy.

Using the conservation of momentum and energy,

For two particles with mass m1 and m2, initial velocities i1 and i2 undergo a perfectly elastic head-on collision, you can find the after- collision velocities from [1]:

v1 = (i1 x (m1 - m2) + 2 x m2 x i2) / (m1 + m2)

v2 = (i2 x (m2 - m1) + 2 x m1 x i1) / (m1 + m2)

Let 1 denote the proton and 2 the nucleus.

Since the nucleus was initially at rest, i.e. i2=0, the velocity of the nucleus after the collision is:

v2 = 2 x m1x i1 / (m1 + m2) = 2 x i1 / (1 + (m2/m1))

Therefore, the kinetic energy of the nucleus after the collision:

E2' = (1/2) x m2 x v2² = 2 x m2 x i1² / (1 + (m2/m1))²

The fraction of the neutrons kinetic energy transferred to the nucleus:

f = E2 '/ E1

f = [2 x m2 x i1²/(1 + (m2/m1))² ] / [ (1/2) x m1 x i1²)]

f = 4 x (m2/m1) / (1 + (m2/m1))²

f = 4 x 12 / (1 + 12)²

f = 0.284

f = 28.4%

Result:

28.4% of the neutron’s kinetic energy is transferred to the nucleus of the carbon.

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