consider the reaction 2clf3+2nh3=n2+6hf+cl2 calculate hf for clf3 .
H=-1196 kJ

The author describes about two types of energy, in this passage which is motion energy and heat energy.

The energy that results from the movement of atoms and molecules within a substance is known as thermal energy, also known as heat energy. These particles generate more heat as they move more quickly. The thermal energy of the earth is referred to as geothermal energy.

Motion energy is energy that is held in the motion of objects. More energy is stored as they move faster. Energy is required to start an object moving, and energy is released when an object slows down. Motion energy includes things like the wind. A car crash is a dramatic example of motion energy; the vehicle comes to a complete stop and abruptly and uncontrollably releases all of its motion energy.

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The concentration mass by volume percent of a solution is 2 %

What is mass by volume percent of a solution ?

The ratio of the mass of the solute present in a solution to the volume of the solution as a whole is known as the mass/volume percent. The given proportion must be multiplied by 100 because this type of concentration is expressed as a percentage, as shown below.

Mass/Volume Percent is calculated as follows:

mass (solute(g)) / Volume(solution(mL) x 100

Given that:-

Mass of solute =50g

Volume of solution =2.5L = 2500mL

As we know that, mass by volume percentage of the solution is given by-

Mass by volume %=  mass of solute/Volume of solution *100

                                = 50/2500*100 = 2 %

The concentration mass by volume percent of a solution is 2 %

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Chlorine has higher electronegativity

This is the tendency of an element to attract electron to itself. According to the periodic table, the electronegativity of an element increases from the left to the right across the period and decreases top to bottom down the group.

This trend exists due to the electronic configuration of the elements. Chlorine element has 7 valence electron in its outer shell and as such will easily accept an electron to itself to attain its octet configuration compared to magnesium that looses his two valence electrons to other elements in order to attain octet configuration.

The tendency of chlorine atom to attract electron makes it have a higher electronegativity compared to magnesium.

The alkali metals grow more reactive as you move down the group, but the halogens become less reactive as you move down, which is one distinction between the reactivity of the groups. The most active halogen is fluorine, whereas the most active naturally occurring alkali metal is cesium.

What are halogens and alkali metals ?

The features of the halogen elements' compounds with other elements and their overall chemical behavior are remarkably similar to one another. However, there is a progressive change in characteristics from fluorine through chlorine, bromine, and iodine to astatine, with fluorine and chlorine having the most marked differences between two succeeding elements. In addition to being the most reactive halogen and element overall, fluorine has a few other characteristics that set it apart from the other halogens.

Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs), and Francium are alkali metals, which are elements of group 1. (Fr). Since they only have one electron in their valence shell, they are extremely reactive and strive to adopt the stable octet configuration of the noble gases. The alkali metals exhibit metal properties such as strong thermal and electrical conductivity, lustre, ductility, and malleability. In the outermost shell of each atom of an alkali metal, there is just one electron.

The alkali metals grow more reactive as you move down the group, but the halogens become less reactive as you move down, which is one distinction between the reactivity of the groups. The most active halogen is fluorine, whereas the most active naturally occurring alkali metal is cesium.

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The amount, in grams, of hydrofluoric acid that will be formed when 173.63 grams of hydrogen reacts with 173,63 grams of fluorine would be 182.8 grams.

The balanced equation of the reaction is written as:

[tex]H_2 + F_2 -- > 2HF[/tex]

According to the equation, the mole ratio of hydrogen and fluorine that react to produce hydrofluoric acid is 1:1.

Recall that: mole of substance = mass of the substance/molar mass

Molar mass of [tex]H_2[/tex] = 1x2 = 2 g/mol

Molar mass of [tex]F_2[/tex] = 19x2 = 38 g/mol

Mole of 173.63 grams  [tex]H_2[/tex] = 173.63/2

                                             = 86.82 moles

Mole of 173.63 grams  [tex]F_2[/tex]  = 173.63/38

                                        = 4.57 moles.

Considering the mole ratio of the two reactants, it appears that fluorine is limited in availability and will, therefore, determine the amount of hydrofluoric acid that will be produced.

Mole ratio of fluorine to hydrofluoric acid = 1:2.

Equivalent mole of hydrofluoric acid = 4.57 x 2 = 9.14 moles.

Mass of 9.14 moles HF = 9.14 x 20

                                     = 182.8 grams

Thus, the amount of hydrofluoric acid formed from the reaction is 182.8 grams.

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Question: Relate reactivity to electron distance from nucleus/strength of all attraction to nucleus

In this instance, it is safe to think of the size of an atom with the electron and nucleus position.

• The larger atom ( more electons ) the more reactive. the larger the atom will also be further from the nucleus and therefore further from the positively charged nucleus.

• Therefore, in terms of attraction, it will be easier for the valence electrons to leave the atom and form ionic bond /interact with another atom to form covalent bond .

In conclusion, reactivity of an element is related to changes in the electronic structure which is strongly dependent upon the attraction of valence electrons to the nucleus.

In the process of metabolic regulation, cells can turn on and off the genes that make enzymes, or they can regulate the enzymes that are already made; option C.

Metabolic processes are the processes by which the cell carries out its activities.

There are types of metabolic activities that occur in the cells:

Catabolism is the metabolic process in cells by which large molecules are broken down to release energy required by the body to carry out other cellular actities. An example of catabolism is glycolysis.

Anabolism - this is a metabolic process in cells where energy is used to produce large molecules from the small molecules present in the cells. An example of catabolism is protein synthesis from amino acids.

The cells need to regulate these two processes and this is known as metabolic regulation.

The cells regulate these processes at the gene level that produces the enzyme that catalyzes these processes or by regulating the activity of the enzymes.

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The important processes of the water cycle are:

The water cycle refers to the processes by which water is replenished or renewed in the environment.

There are three processes in the water cycle, and they are:

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Answer:

water and salt are compounds, water is H2O and table salt is NaCl.

tin is just a metal, an element, not a compound.

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Answer

pH = 3.32

Explanation

Given

Acid dissociation of carbonic acid (Ka) = 4.4x10^-7

Concentration = 0.530 M

Solution

The carbonic acid dissociates into:

Now we can calculate the pH

pH = -log[H+]

pH = -log[4.816x10^-4]

pH = 3.32

Answer: 96.7072445

Explanation: F = 1/T

Answer

C. Potential energy

Explanation

A carbohydrate molecule has chemical bonds, Potential energy is available between chemical bonds.

To calculate the average mass of Ne (neon), we have to use this formula:

The average atomic mass of Ne = 20.18 u

Morality is the body of rules that enables individuals to coexist peacefully in groups. In order to act morally, people may have to sacrifice their own immediate interests in order to further society. It is what societies deem to be "acceptable" and "proper.

The standard by which society determines whether behaviour is appropriate and inappropriate is morality. Morality is demonstrated by the conviction that it is immoral to take something that is not theirs, even if no one would notice.

Hydrochloric acid is a colourless solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl) in water. Concentrated HCl is a particularly corrosive acid with several industrial uses. The pH levels of swimming pools are changed using this material, which is usually referred to as "muriatic acid" in this context, to make them safe to use and to disinfect the water.

Molarity is defined in terms of the volume of the solution, NOT the volume of water. Inaccurate = 5.0 The solution is humour.

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Answer:

The species that oxidizes is lithium, or Li

Explanation:

Since I2 is know to be a halogen, and halogens are oxidizers, iodine is probably not the species being oxidized. So, Li is being oxidized.


Another way to look at the problem is to assign oxidation numbers to all elements on the right and left

The left:
lithium = 0
iodine = 0
Both are 0 since they are in their most stable elemental states

The right:
lithium : +1
Iodine: -1

When something looses an electron and becomes more positive, it is oxidized. Lithium goes from 0 to 1, clearly displaying a rise in oxidization state. So, lithium is being oxidized.

The density of graphite that has a volume of 6.6cm³ and a mass of 14.7g is 2.23g/cm³.

Density is the measure of the mass of matter contained by a unit volume.

The density of a substance can be calculated by dividing the mass of the substance by its volume as follows:

Density = mass ÷ volume

According to this question, graphite has a volume of 6.6cm³ and a mass of 14.7g. The density of this substance can be calculated as follows:

Density = 14.7g ÷ 6.6cm³

Density = 2.23g/cm³

Therefore, 2.23g/cm³ is the density of the graphite.

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The number of moles of Fe₂O₃ that will be required to produce 645 grams of Fe is 5.78 moles

We'll begin by obtainig the number of mole of Fe. This can be obtained as follow:

Mole = mass / molar

Mole of Fe = 645 / 55.85

Mole of Fe = 11.55 moles

Finally, we shall determine the number of moles of Fe₂O₃ needed. Details below

Fe₂O₃(s) + 2Al(s) → 2Fe(l) + Al₂O₃(s)

From the balanced equation above,

2 moles of Fe were produced from 1 mole of Fe₂O₃

Therefore,

11.55 moles of Fe will be produce from = (11.55 × 1) / 2 = 5.78 moles of Fe₂O₃

Thus, the mole of Fe₂O₃ needed is 5.78 moles

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Answer:

all living things need water. no water, no life.

The change in internal energy of the system is found to be -8joules.

We know that, work done W by the system is taken as negative. Work done on the system is taken as positive.

Heat absorbed Q by the system is taken as positive and heat released by the system is taken as negative.

It is given,

W = +4J (Work done on the system)

Q = -12j (Head released by the system)

Now, we calculate change in Internal energy ΔE of the system by using first Law of thermodynamics,

It says, total change in internal energy is equal to the sum of work done and heat absorbed,

So, we can write,

ΔΕ = Q + w

Putting the values,

ΔΕ = −12+ 4

ΔΕ = -8J

Hence, change in internal energy of the system is -8joules.

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Potassium permanganate is not used as primary standard because is not able to release in MnO2 in the reaction. According to the above discussion, we conclude KMnO4 is used as the secondary standard. It is also hygroscopic in nature.

What is Secondary Standard solution?

A solution created especially for a certain analysis is known as a secondary standard solution. A substance whose active agent contents have been identified by comparison with a primary standard is referred to as a secondary standard. This indicates that it is frequently standardized against a fundamental standard.

Analytical tools and methodologies are calibrated using secondary standard solutions.

The molecular formula of potassium permanganate is KMnO4. Potassium permanganate is one of the oxidising agents in chemistry. Potassium permanganate is not used as primary standard because is not able to release in MnO2 in the reaction. Potassium permanganate is always in the stable form. The reason KMnO4 is also used as a colour indicator in analysis.

According to the above discussion, we conclude KMnO4 is used as the secondary standard. It is also hygroscopic in nature.

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The concentration of HBr used in the titration is found to be 0.0978M.

Volume of NaOH used is 27.50ml and it’s molarity used is 0.200M.

Volume of HBr used is 56.20ml.

On comparing molarity of both the solutions, we get the relation

HBr × VHbr  = MNaOH × VNaOH

MHBr = 0.200M × 27.50ml /56.20ml

MHBr = 0.0978M.

A colorless, stifling gas called hydrogen bromide is highly dissociated in water and exceedingly soluble in water. In the presence of damp air, it rapidly fumes. Hydrogen bromide gas is a very caustic chemical that, when contacted, can result in serious burns.

To determine the concentration of an identified analyte, titration is a typical laboratory technique for quantitative chemical analysis. A standard solution with a defined concentration and volume is prepared as a reagent, also known as the titrant.

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From the chemical structure of the compound that is clearly shown in the question, the ions that should be in the solution are;  lead II ion and the acetate ion.

The term ions has to do with the species that have a positive charge or a negative charge. Thus we could define an ion as as a charged specie. The charge could owe to an excess of electrons in which case the charge is negative or due to a deficiency of electrons which gives us a positive charge.

Looking at the compound that is in solution, we can see that the ions that are present are lead II ion and the acetate ion.

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The statement that describes why Emilio's description is incorrect is that a law cannot be disproved. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

Scientific laws are guidelines for how nature will act in specific circumstances, typically expressed as an equation. It can be disproved when a new law emerges. In fact, a law cannot be considered scientific if it cannot be disproved by other's experiments.

For instance, the volume of the gas increases as the gas's temperature rises. We refer to this as a natural law. It was first said that sun and stars revolved around the Earth. But later on, this law was disproved by Copernicus. He stated that Eath revolves around the Sun in its particular orbit.

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Answer

29.3171 g KClO₃

Procedure

To solve this question consider the following chemical reaction:

2KClO₃→2KCl+3O₂

Then we will use the ideal gas formula to determine the number of moles present in 6.75 L of oxygen gas.

Data:

V=6.75 L

T= 298 °K

P= 1.3 atm

R= 0.08206 L⋅atm⋅°K⁻¹⋅mol⁻¹

Equation

PV=nRT

Solve for n to get the moles

Use the stoichiometry of the reaction to convert from moles of oxygen to moles of KClO₃.

Finally, convert from moles to grams

Answer:

its the 3rd one

Explanation:

The Hydrogen atom's valence electron Fluorine attracts electrons better than any other element.

The more electronegative atom pulls the bond electrons harder so the shared electrons spend more than half of the time on the more electronegative atom, giving it a partial negative charge. For example, in water O is more electronegative than H and thus has a partial negative charge.

The higher the ionization energy the stronger the attraction between the nucleus and the valence electrons requiring more energy to remove the valences. electronic. The further away the electron is from the nucleus the more likely it is to be ejected. In other words, ionization energy is a function of atomic radius. The larger the radius the smaller the amount of energy required to remove an electron from the outermost orbital.

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Answer

Yes, there is a limit to the distance through which diffusion can occur. This is because diffusion time increases with the square of diffusion distance. Diffusion time is inversely proportional to the diffusion coefficient. hus, if the diffusion distance is small, diffusion happens faster because the particles do not have as far to travel.

62.00 nanometres per second is equivalent to 62 picometre per milliseconds

Picometers is a SI unit of length equal to 10−¹² meters with a symbol pm while nanometres is another SI subunit of length equal to 10-⁹ metres with symbol nm.

The conversion factor of picometers and nanometres is as follows:

1 picometre = 0.001 nanometre

This means that 62 nanometre will be equal to 62000 picometres.

1 second = 1000 milliseconds

62000/1000 = 62 pm/ms.

Therefore, it can be said that 62.00nm/s is the same as 62 pm/ms based on the conversion factor above.

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Answer

Explanation

Given:

% composition: 19% tin and 81% iodine​

What to find:

The empirical formula for the compound

Step-by-step solution:

Assume we have 100 grams total of the substance.

Grams Sn: 19 g

Grams I: 81 g

Now, let's convert the number of grams of each element into moles below:

Moles Sn: 19 g/118.71 g/mol = 0.16 mol

Moles I: 81 g/126.90 g/mol = 0.64 mol

Finally, let's divide the number of moles of each element by the smallest number obtained:

Sn = 0.16/0.16 = 1

I = 0.64/0.16 = 4