Consider an economy that produces only chocolate bars. In year 1, the quantity produced is 3 bars and the price is $2. In year 2, the quantity produced is 5 bars and the price is $4. In year 3, the quantity produced is 7 bars and the price is $6.

Required:
Using year 1 as the base year, compute nominal GDP, real GDP, and the GDP deflator for each year.

Answer:

Nominal GDP in year 1 = $6

Nominal GDP in year 2 = $20

Nominal GDP in year 3 =  $42

Real GDP in year 1 = $6

Real GDP in year 2 = $10

Real GDP in year 3 =  $14

GDP deflator in year 1 = 100

GDP deflator in year 2 = 200

GDP deflator in year 3 = 300

Explanation:

Gross domestic product is the total sum of final goods and services produced in an economy within a given period which is usually a year

GDP calculated using the expenditure approach = Consumption spending by households + Investment spending by businesses + Government spending + Net export

Nominal GDP is GDP calculated using current year prices while Real GDP is GDP calculated using base year prices. Real GDP has been adjusted for inflation.

Nominal GDP = quantity produced x current year price

Nominal GDP in year 1 = (3 x $2) = $6

Nominal GDP in year 2 = 5 x $4 = $20

Nominal GDP in year 3 = 7 x $6 = $42

Real GDP = quantity produced x base year price

Real GDP in year 1 = (3 x $2) = $6

Real GDP in year 2 = 5 x $2 = $10

Real GDP in year 3 = 7 x $2 = $14

GDP deflator = nominal GDP / Real GDP x 100

GDP deflator in year 1 = $6 / $6 x 100 = 100

GDP deflator in year 2 = $20 / $10 x 100= 200

GDP deflator in year 3 = $42 / 14 x 100 = 300

Harnett Corporation has two manufacturing departments--Molding and Assembly. The company used the following data at the beginning of the period to calculate predetermined overhead rates:

Molding Assembly Total
Estimated total machine-hours (MHs) 3,000 7,000 10,000
Estimated total fixed manufacturing overhead cost $24,000 $53,200 $77,200
Estimated variable manufacturing overhead cost per MH $1.00 $2.00

During the period, the company started and completed two jobs--Job E and Job M. Data concerning those two jobs follow:

Job E Job M
Direct materials $21,600 $9,300
Direct labor cost $22,600 $9,500
Molding machine-hours 2,500 500
Assembly machine-hours 2,500 4,500

Required:
a. Assume that the company uses a plant-wide predetermined manufacturing overhead rate based on machine-hours. Calculate that overhead rate, (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
b. Assume that the company uses a plant-wide predetermined manufacturing overhead rate based on machine-hours. Calculate the amount of manufacturing overhead applied to Job E. (Do not round intermediate calculations.)
c. Assume that the company uses a plant-wide predetermined manufacturing overhead rate based on machine-hours. Calculate the total manufacturing cost assigned to Job E. (Do not round intermediate calculations.)
d. Assume that the company uses a plant-wide predetermined manufacturing overhead rate based on machine-hours and uses a markup of 20% on manufacturing cost to establish se ling prices. Calculate the selling price for Job E. (Do not round intermediate
calculations.)
e. Assume that the company uses departmental predetermined overhead rates with machine-hours as the allocation base in both departments. What is the departmental predetermined overhead rate in the Molding department? (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
f. Assume that the company uses departmental predetermined overhead rates with machine-hours as the a location base in both production departments. What is the departmental predetermined overhead rate in the Assembly department? (Round your answer to

Adriana Corporation manufactures football equipment. In planning for next year, the managers want to understand the relation between activity and overhead costs. Discussions with the plant supervisor suggest that overhead seems to vary with labor-hours, machine-hours, or both. The following data were collected from last year's operations:

Month Labor-Hours Machine-Hours Overhead Costs
1 730 1,354 $ 102,748
2 710 1,401 103,792
3 690 1,514 109,835
4 735 1,449 108,346
5 775 1,589 116,252
6 745 1,574 114,581
7 740 1,393 106,947
8 730 1,316 102,010
9 705 1,450 106,479
10 800 1,548 113,012
11 680 1,290 101,925
12 705 1,610 115,205
Required:
(a)
Use the high-low method to estimate the fixed and variable portions of overhead costs based on machine-hours. (Round your variable cost answer to 2 decimal places.)

(b)
Managers expect the plant to operate at a monthly average of 1,400 machine-hours next year. What are the estimated monthly overhead costs, assuming no inflation?

Zeno Inc. sold two capital assets in 2019. The first sale resulted in a $53,000 capital loss, and the second sale resulted in a $25,600 capital gain. Zeno was incorporated in 2015, and its tax records provide the following information:

2015 2016 2017 2018
Ordinary income $443,000 $509,700 $810,300 $921,000
Net capital gain 22,000 0 4,120 13,600
Taxable income $465,000 $509,700 $814,420 $934,600

Required:
a. Compute Zeno’s tax refund from the carryback of its 2019 nondeductible capital loss. Assume Zeno's marginal tax rate was 34 percent in 2015 through 2017, and 21 percent in 2018.
b. Compute Zeno’s capital loss carryforward into 2020.

Eastern Edison Company leased equipment from Hi-Tech Leasing on January 1, 2018.


Other information:

Lease term 5 years
Annual payments $79,000 on January 1 each year
Life of asset 5 years
Implicit interest rate 7%
PV, annuity due, 5 periods, 7% 4.3872
PV, ordinary annuity, 5 periods, 7% 4,1002

Hi-Tech's cost of the equipment $346,589 There is no expected residual value.

Required:
Prepare appropriate journal entries for Hi-Tech Leasing for 2018 and 2019. Assume a December 31 year-end.

What cycle time (in minutes) would match capacity and demand if demand is 100 units per day, there are two 8 hour shifts with 3 worker(s) each, and each worker gets two 18 minute breaks and one 40 lunch.

Pooling has been used for a long time by businesses as a way to reduce risk. Imagine that years ago a small paint factory employed 200 people, each with an annual salary of $600/year. The factory owner knew from experience that 4 percent of workers were being injured each year, becoming unable to work. The factory owner decided to set up a fund to pay injured workers three months of salary to help their families and build good will with employees. The owner did not contribute to the injury fund. The workers themselves contributed a fixed amount each year to fund the plan. Answer the following questions (1 point each):_____.
1. How much did the owner need to collect from employees in total to fully fund the plan each year?
2. How much did each employee have to contribute each year to fully fund the plan?
3. What percentage of salary did each employee contribute to have an injury fund like this?

Comparative statements of retained earnings for Renn-Dever Corporation were reported in its 2021 annual report as follows.

RENN-DEVER CORPORATIONStatements of Retained Earnings

For the Years Ended December 31 2021 2020 2019
Balance at beginning of year $6,962,452 $5,659,552 $5,824,552
Net income (loss) 3,408,700 2,300,900 (165,000 )
Deductions:
Stock dividend (34,500 shares) 241,500
Common shares retired (120,000 shares) 240,000
Common stock cash dividends 899,950 758,000 0
Balance at end of year $9,229,702 $6,962,452 $5,659,552

At December 31, 2013, common shares consisted of the following:

Common stock, 1,855,000 shares at $1 par $1,855,00
Paid-in capital—excess of par 7,420,000

Required:
Infer from the reports the events and transactions that affected Renn-Dever Corporation's retained earnings during 2014, 2015, and 2016. Prepare the journal entries that reflect those events and transactions.

Robin, who is a head of household and age 42, provides you with the following information from his financial records for 2019. Robin itemizes deductions. Regular income tax liability $142,125 PositiveAMT adjustments 30,000 AMT preferences 100,000 Taxable income 481,000 Calculate Robin's AMT for 2019. a.$12,636. b.$3,757. c.$12,032. d.$15,126.

In early 2016, the same Germany machinery company has interest from four prospective clients from emerging markets: Indonesia, Brazil, Russia, and South Africa. They all want to buy ten machines, but the factory can only produce ten in time. Therefore, the company has to choose only one client. Given the volatility of the domestic currencies of the four prospective clients, the CFO would like to choose the client which is least likely to cancel the order due to currency volatility. The invoice comes due on June 30, 2016. According to volatility alone, which prospective client would be most likely to cancel the order?

Mark or Make is a bourbon distillery. Sales have been steady for the past three years, and operating costs have remained unchanged. On January 1, 2019, Mark or Make took advantage of a special deal to prepay its rent for three years at a substantial savings. The amount of the prepayment was $60,000. The income statement items (excluding the rent) are shown here.

2019 2020 2021
Gross profit on sales 350,000 349,000 351,000
Operating expense 210,000 210,000 210,000

Assume that the rental is deducted on the corporate tax purposes in 2019 and that there are no other temporary differences between taxable income and pretax accounting income. In addition, there are no permanent differences between taxable income and pretax accounting income. The corporate tax rate for all three years is 30%.

Required:
Construct income statements for 2019, 2020, and 2021 under the following approaches to interperiod income tax allocation:

a. No allocation
b. Comprehensive allocation
c. Do you believe that no allocation distorts Mark or Make’s net income? Explain.

DS Unlimited has the following transactions during August.
August 6 Purchases 52 handheld game devices on account from GameGirl, Inc.,
for $110 each, terms 2/10, n/60.
August 7 Pays $310 to Sure Shipping for freight charges associated with the
August 6 purchase.
August 10 Returns to GameGirl seven game devices that were defective.
August 14 Pays the full amount due to GameGirl.
August 23 Sells 32 game devices purchased on August 6 for $130 each to
customers on account. The total cost of the 32 game devices sold is
$3,670.00.
Required:
Record the transactions of DS Unlimited, assuming the company uses a perpetual inventory system.

Assume you work for a valuation firm, and you have been given the assignment of valuing a local law firm comprising three partners and four associates. One partner plans to retire spoon, and the partners are trying to agree on the value of a one-third interest in the firm in order to buy out the departing partner's interest. The firm's revenue per partner is two times higher than that of the average firm of a similar size, but you soon discover that 80% of firm revenue is from one client.

Required:
Please raise one question about this scenario that you would want to address.

Pharoah Inc. has decided to raise additional capital by issuing $173,000 facevalue of bonds with a coupon rate of 6%. In discussions with investment bankers, it was determined that to help the sale of thebonds, detachable stock warrants should be issued at the rate of one warrant for each $100 bond sold. The value of the bondswithout the warrants is considered to be $155,700, and the value of the warrants in the market is $20,760. The bonds sold in the market at issuance for $174,600.
A. What entry should be made at the time of the issuance of the bonds and warrants?
B. Prepare the entry if the warrants were non-detachable.

What is considered revenue recognition?

At year-end 2018, Marvel Company total assets were $4.5 million, and its accounts payable were $850,000. Sales, which in 2018 were $5.5 million, are expected to increase by 25% in 2019. Total assets and accounts payable are proportional to sales, and that relationship will be maintained. Marvel typically uses no current liabilities other than accounts payable. Common stock amounted to $ 2.25 million in 2018, and retained earnings were $150,000. Marvel has arranged to sell $25,000 of new common stock in 2019 to meet some of its financing needs. The remainder of its financing needs will be met by issuing new long-term debt at the end of 2019. (Because the debt is added at the end of the year, there will be no additional interest expense due to the new debt.) Its net profit margin on sales is 2.5%, and 55% of earnings will be paid out as dividends.

Required:
a. What were Marvel's total long-term debt and total liabilities in 2018?
b. How much new long-term debt financing will be needed in 2019?

The following transactions relate to the General Fund of the City of Buffalo Falls for the year ended December 31, 2020:

a. Beginning balances were: Cash, $98,000; Taxes Receivable, $197,000; Accounts Payable, $56,000; and Fund Balance, $239,000.
b. The budget was passed. Estimated revenues amounted to $1,280,000 and appropriations totaled $1,276,400. All expenditures are classified as General Government.
c. Property taxes were levied in the amount of $940,000. All of the taxes are expected to be collected before February 2021.
d. Cash receipts totaled $910,000 for property taxes and $310,000 from other revenue.
e. Contracts were issued for contracted services in the amount of $104,000.
f. Contracted services were performed relating to $93,000 of the contracts with invoices amounting to $90,400.
g. Other expenditures amounted to $986,000.
h. Accounts payable were paid in the amount of $1,130,000.
i. The books were closed.

Required:
a. Prepare journal entries for the above transactions.
b. Prepare a Statement of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balance for the General Fund.
c. Prepare a Balance Sheet for the General Fund assuming there are no restricted or assigned net resources and outstanding encumbrances are committed by contractual obligation.

Prepare an adjusted trial balance. If an amount

Ledger Accounts, Adjusting Entries, Financial Statements, and Closing Entries; Optional Spreadsheet.

The unadjusted trial balance of Recessive Interiors at January 31, 2019, the end of the year, follows:


Debit Balances Credit Balances
11 Cash 13,100
13 Supplies 8,000
14 Prepaid Insurance 7,500
16 Equipment 113,000
17 Accumulated Depreciation—Equipment 12,000
18 Trucks 90,000
19 Accumulated Depreciation—Trucks 27,100
21 Accounts Payable 4,500
31 Jeanne McQuay, Capital 126,400
32 Jeanne McQuay, Drawing 3,000
41 Service Revenue 155,000
51 Wages Expense 72,000
52 Rent Expense 7,600
53 Truck Expense 5,350
59 Miscellaneous Expense 5,450
325,000 325,000


The following additional accounts from Recessive Interiors' chart of accounts should be used: Wages Payable, 22; Depreciation Expense-Equipment, 54; Supplies Expense, 55; Depreciation Expense-Trucks, 56; Insurance Expense, 57.

The data needed to determine year-end adjustments are as follows:

Supplies on hand at January 31 are $2,850.
Insurance premiums expired during the year are $3,150.
Depreciation of equipment during the year is $5,250.
Depreciation of trucks during the year is $4,000.
Wages accrued but not paid at January 31 are $900.

Required:
Journalize the adjusting entries.

BMW’s vehicle-assembly facility in South Carolina represents a direct investment inside the United States by the German manufacturer. This facility is an example of:

A University is offering a charitable gift program. A former student who is now 50 years old is consider the following offer: The student can invest $8,900.00 today and then will be paid a 9.00% APR return starting on his 65th birthday (i.e For a $10,000 investment, a 9% rate would mean $900 per year). The program will pay the cash flow for this investment while you are still alive. You anticipate living 21.00 more years after your 65th birthday. The former student wants a return of 6.00% on his investments, but would like to consider this opportunity.

Required:
Using the student's desired return, what is the value of this deferred annuity today on his 50th birthday?

Aracel Engineering completed the following transactions in the month of June.
a. Jenna Aracel, the owner, invested $175,000 cash, office equipment with a value of $5,200, and $76,000 of drafting equipment to launch the company in exchange for common stock.
b. The company purchased land worth $56,000 for an office by paying $8,000 cash and signing a long-term not payable for $48,000.
c. The company purchased a portable building with $54,000 cash and moved it onto the land acquired in b.
d. The company paid $2,600 cash for the premium on an 18-month insurance policy.
e. The company completed and delivered a set of plans for a client and collected $6,200 cash.
f. The company purchased $32,000 of additional drafting equipment by paying $11,900 cash and signing a long-term not payable for $20,100.
g. The company completed $18,000 of engineering services for a client. This amount is to be received in 30 days.
h. The company purchased $2,000 of additional office equipment on credit.
i. The company completed engineering services for $25,000 on credit.
j. The company received a bill for rent of equipment that was used on a recently completed job. The $1,409 rent cost must be paid within 30 days.
k. The company collected $7,000 cash in partial payment from the client described in transaction g.
l. The company paid $2,400 cash for wages to a drafting assistant.
m. The company paid $2,000 cash to settle the account payable created in transaction h.
n. The company paid $1,105 cash for minor maintenance of its drafting equipment.
o. The company paid $10,170 cash in dividends.
p. The company paid $2,400 cash for wages to a drafting assistant.
q. The company paid $4,000 cash for advertisements on the web during June.
1. Prepare general journal entries to record these transactions using the following titles: Cash (101); Accounts Receivable (106); Prepaid Insurance (108); Office equipment (163); Drafting Equipment (164); Building (170); Land (172); Accounts Payable (201); Notes Payable (250); Common Stock (307); Dividends (319); Engineering Fees Earned (402); Wages Expense (601); Equipment Rental Expense (602); Advertising Expense (603); and Repairs Expense (604).
Transaction General Journal Debit Credit
a.

Every year, management and labor renegotiate a new employment contract by sending their proposals to an arbitrator, who chooses the best proposal (effectively giving one side or the other $3 million). Each side can choose to hire, or not hire, an expensive labor lawyer (at a cost of $300,000) who is effective at preparing the proposal in the best light. If neither hires a lawyer or if both hire lawyers, each side can expect to win about half the time. If only one side hires a lawyer, it can expect to win nine tenths, or 0.9, of the time. Use the given information to fit in the expected payoff, in dollars, for each cell in the matrix.
Management (M)
No Lawyer Lawyer
No Lawyer L: M: S L: S M: S
Labor (L) Lawyer L: M: S L: S M: S
The Nash equilibrium for this game is for Management to_____a lawyer, and for Labor to_____a lawyer.

Below is the Retained Earnings account for the year 2020 for Swifty Corp. Retained earnings, January 1, 2020 $261,300 Add:_______.
Gain on sale of investments (net of tax) $44,900
Net income 88,200
Refund on litigation with government, related to the year 2017 (net of tax) 25,300
Recognition of income earned in 2019, but omitted from income statement in that year (net of tax) 29,100 187,500 448,800
Deduct:
Loss on discontinued operations (net of tax) 38,700
Write-off of goodwill (net of tax) 63,700
Cumulative effect on income of prior years in changing from LIFO to FIFO inventory valuation in 2020 (net of tax) 26,900
Cash dividends declared 35,700 165,000
Retained earnings, December 31, 2020 $283,800
Prepare a corrected retained earnings statement. Waterway Corp. normally sells investments of the type mentioned above. FIFO inventory was used in 2020 to compute net income. (List items that increase adjusted retained earnings first.)

During 2020, PC Software Inc. developed a new personal computer database management software package. Total expenditures on the project were $3,000,000, of which 40% occurred after the technological feasibility of the product had been established. The product was completed and offered for sale on January 1, 2021. During 2021, revenues from sales of the product totaled $4,800,000. The package is expected to be successfully marketable for five years, and the total revenues over the life of the product are estimated to be $20,000,000.
Required
A. Prepare the journal entry to account for the development of this product in 2020.
B. Prepare the journal entry to record the amortization of capitalized computer software development costs in 2021.
C. What disclosures are required in the December 31, 2021, financial statements regarding computer software costs?
At December 31, 2021, the unamortized software intangible asset totals ______. This is equal to _____ originally capitalized less amortization in 2021 of _______. The amount charged to expense as amortization of software intangible asset in 2021 was ______. The estimated net realizable value of computer software is greater than the remaining unamortized software intangible asset.

Hot dogs and hot dog buns are complements. An increase in the price of flour used to make hot dogs buns will:

a. increase consumer surplus in the market for hot dog buns and decrease producer surplus in the market for hot dogs.
b. increase consumer surplus in the market for hot dogs and increase producer surplus in the market for hot dog buns.
c. decrease consumer surplus in the market for hot dog buns and increase producer surplus in the market for hot dogs.
d. decrease consumer surplus in the market for hot dog buns and decrease producer surplus in the market for hot dogs.

What was the first chess champion

The given statements pertain to aggregate supply and aggregate demand. Label each statement as being either true or false.
Statement 1: An increase in the cost of energy affects both aggregate supply and aggregate demand.
A. True
B. False
Statement 2: One of the factors that increase aggregate demand is the consumption of more imports.
A. True
B. False
Statement 3: If the value of people's stock portfolios increases or if peoples houses appreciate in value, then this very easily could lead to an increase in aggregated demand.
A. True
B. False

Daily demand for a certain product is normally distributed with a mean of 138 and a standard deviation of 13. The supplier is reliable and maintains a constant lead time of 7 days. The cost of placing an order is $17 and the cost of holding inventory is $0.40 per unit per year. There are no stock-out costs, and unfilled orders are filled as soon as the order arrives. Assume sales occur over 358 days of the year.
Your goal here is to find the order quantity and reorder point to satisfy a 73 percent probability of not stocking out during the lead time.
a. To manage inventory, the company is using
Continuous review system
Periodic review system
b. Find the order quantity. (Round your answer to the nearest whole number.)
Order quantity books
c. Find the reorder point. (Use Excel's NORMSINV() function to find the correct critical value for the given α-level. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round "z" value to 2 decimal places and final answer to the nearest whole number.)
Reorder point

Using the information for the Melville Corporation, calculate the cash flow from operating activities.

Accounts payable increase $12,000
Accounts receivable increase 4,000
Accrued liabilities decrease 5,000
Amortization expense 7,000
Cash balance, January 1 22,000
Cash balance, December 31 23,000
Cash paid as dividends 31,000
Cash paid to purchase land 90,000
Cash paid to retire bonds payable at par 60,000
Cash received from issuance of common stock 37,000
Cash received from sale of equipment 19,000
Depreciation expense 29,000
Gain on sale of equipment 4,000
Inventory decrease 13,000
Net income 80,000
Prepaid expenses increase 2,000

Required:
a. Use a negative sign with answer to show cash outflow from (used by) operating activities.
b. Using the information for the Melville Corporation above, calculate the cash flow from financing activities.

Dom has $90,000 that he wishes to invest now in order to use the accumulation for purchasing a retirement annuity in five years. After consulting with his financial advisor, he has been offered four types of fixed-income investments, labeled as investments A, B, C, and D.
Investments A and B are available at the beginning of each of the next five years (call them years 1–5). Each dollar invested in A at the beginning of a year returns $1.20 (a profit of $0.20) two years later, in time for immediate reinvestment. Each dollar invested in B at the beginning of a year returns $1.36 three years later.
Investments C and D will each be available just once in the future. Each dollar invested in C at the beginning of year 2 returns $1.66 at the end of year 5. Each dollar invested in D at the beginning of year 5 returns $1.12 at the end of year 5.
Your uncle is obligated to make a balloon payment on an existing loan in the amount of $24,000 at the end of year 3. He wants to make that payment out of the investment account.
1) Devise an investment plan for your uncle that maximizes the value of the investment account at the end of five years. How much money will be available for the annuity in five years?
2) Show the network diagram corresponding to the solution in (1). That is, label each of the arcs in the solution and verify that the flows are consistent with the given information.

Two methods can be used for producing solar panels for electric power generation. Method 1 will have an initial cost of $550,000, an annual operating cost of $160,000 per year, and $125,000 salvage value after its three-year life. Method 2 will cost $830,000 with an annual operating cost of $120,000. and a $240,000 salvage value after its five-year life. The company has asked you to determine which method is better, but it Wants the analysis done over a three-year planning period. The salvage value of Method 2 will be 35% higher after three years than it is after five years. If the company's minimum attractive rate of return is 10% per year, which method should the company select?