Calculate ΔG° for the following reactions at 25 °C using the provided appendix

Answer:

D. burning wood

Explanation: It seems like the only logical answer

Tn chemical reaction, the energy is released is called as chemical energy. The burning wood releases the chemical energy. Therefore, option D is correct.

Chemical energy is the energy that is released when chemical substances engage in a chemical reaction and change into other substances. Batteries, food, and gas are a few examples of chemical energy storage mediums.

Chemical energy, such as that held in the bonds of atoms and molecules, is stored energy. As a result of a chemical process, this energy is released. A substance typically changes into an entirely different substance once its chemical energy has been released.

The body transforms the energy in meals into heat and mechanical energy. Additionally, coal's chemical energy is transformed into electrical energy in power plants. Last but not least, electrolysis is another way that the chemical energy in a battery might generate electricity.

Thus, option D is correct.

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Caustic soda, NaOH, can be prepared commercially by the reaction of Na2CO3 with slaked lime, Ca(OH)2. 1.509 kg of NaOH can be obtained by treating 1.350 kg of Na2CO3 with Ca(OH)2.

Caustic soda means an alkali salt or  Lye, which is the common name of sodium hydroxide due corrosive nature of this salt on animal and plant tissues.

It is used in a wide range of applications and the chemical formula of sodium hydroxide is NaOH, used as cleansing agent and also in manufacturing of washing soda.

sodium hydroxide cam also applied as the reagent in the laboratories, preparation of soda lime, used in extraction of aluminum by purifying bauxite.

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Various structures, or allotropes, of carbon, are precious stone, graphite, and fullerenes. In jewel, every carbon iota is attached to four other carbon iotas, shaping an unbending construction that makes precious stones hard.

Answer:

The required specific enthalpy for oxygen = 8277.34 J/mol

Explanation:

Given that :

Pressure = 2.4 atm

Temperature = 310 K

specific internal energy U = 5700 J/mol

To find the specific enthalpy using the formula:

H = U + PV

where;

H is known as the specific enthalpy

Recall that from ideal gas equation

PV = nRT

For specific enthalpy, it is constant that n = 1

Thus;

PV = RT

replacing that into the equation (H = U + PV), we have:

here;

R = 8.314 J/mol K (constant)

H = U + RT

H = 5700 J/mol +( 8.314 J/mol K × 310 K)

H = 5700 J/mol + ( 2577.34 J/mol)

H = 8277.34 J/mol

Answer:56.98496

Explanation:

half if diameter is radius or 1.55 and double the radius is 3.10 or the length of the diameter. you have a height given, so use the radius and heaight to plug it in the circular cylinder calculator and you get 56.98496

Answer:

obviously 2 is the answer

Answer:

4⁺

Explanation:

Germanium (Ge) has an atomic number of 32 and belongs to group 14 on the periodic table. Germanium has an electronic configuration of [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p². There exist 32 electrons in its neutral atom. In fluorescent lights, germanium is utilized as a component of both alloys and phosphorus.

The electrons in the atom's outer shell are known as its valence electrons.

Thus, at the ground state, the outer shell of the Germanium atom has 4 electrons.

Answer:

Yes.

Explanation:

Yes, enough folic acid in the body by the early weeks of pregnancy helps to prevent spina bifida. The body of woman uses folate during the pregnancy which produces red and white blood cells that help your baby to grow. Folate also lowers the risk of neural tube defect (NTD) in the unborn baby. Neural tube defect (NTDs) are the serious birth defects that greatly affect the spinal cord, brain and skull of the baby.

Answer: In the reaction:

a) The reactants are: P

b) The products are: M and N

Explanation:

The given reaction equation is as follows.

[tex]P \rightarrow M + N[/tex]

Reactants are the species present on the left side on an arrow in a chemical reaction equation.

On the other hand, products are the species which are present on the right side of an arrow in a chemical reaction equation.

Hence, in the given reaction equation P is the reactant. Whereas M and N are the products.

Thus, we can conclude that in the reaction:

a) The reactants are: P

b) The products are: M and N

Answer:

a

Explanation:because i did the test

How does glue, borax, and water turn into slime, scientifically?

Answer:

21.12 grams

Explanation:

Using the given number of hydrogen moles, we calculate the number of carbon atoms, keeping in mind that there are 3 carbon moles per hydrogen mol:

4.70 mol H * [tex]\frac{3molC}{8molH}[/tex] = 1.76 mol C

Finally we convert 1.76 moles of carbon into grams, using its molar mass:

1.76 mol * 12 g/mol = 21.12 g

Answer:

I dont no ma men

Explanation:

Sorry cause a dont no

Answer: The volume of given amount of ethanol at this temperature is 159.44 mL

Explanation:

Specific gravity is given by the formula:

[tex]\text{Specific gravity}=\frac{\text{Density of a substance}}{\text{Density of water}}[/tex]

We are given:

Density of water = 0.997 g/mL

Specific gravity of ethanol = 0.787

Putting values in above equation, we get:

[tex]0.787=\frac{\text{Density of a substance}}{0.997g/mL}\\\\\text{Density of a substance}=(0.787\times 0.997g/mL)=0.784g/mL[/tex]

Density is defined as the ratio of mass and volume of a substance.

[tex]\text{Density}=\frac{\text{Mass}}{\text{Volume}} [/tex] ......(1)

Given values:

Mass of ethanol = 125 g

Density of ethanol = 0.784 g/mL

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

[tex]\text{Volume of ethanol}=\frac{125g}{0.784g/mL}=159.44mL[/tex]

Hence, the volume of given amount of ethanol at this temperature is 159.44 mL

Explanation:

Heterocyclic aromatic amine: The amine nitrogen is part of an aromatic ring. ... Use a number to locate the amino group on the parent chain. The IUPAC name of CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2 is 1-pentylamine.

The name of the compound CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂ is 1-pentylamine.

Organic compounds are named according to the set of rules provided by the international union of pure and applied chemistry (IUPAC). According to it,1) the chain of carbon atoms having highest number of carbon atoms is selected.

2)according to the number of carbon atoms in chain, parent chain is named.

3) Numbering is done in such a way that substituent if present the carbon on which it is present gets the lowest number.

4) The functional group which is present is mentioned as a suffix along with the carbon position on which it is present.

For example,CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂ is named as follows :

1) As there is only one chain present, amine functional group being present it is numbered from the left hand side as the amine group will get the lowest number.

2) The name is given by writing the parent name that is pentane along with the position of amine group which is carbon-1.

Thus, it is named as 1-pentylamine.

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The question is incomplete, the complete question is:

When aqueous solutions of NaCl and [tex]Pb(NO_3)_2[/tex] are mixed, a solid forms. Determine the mass of solid formed when 140.7 mL of 0.1000 M NaCl is mixed with an excess of an aqueous solution of

Answer: The mass of lead chloride produced is 1.96 g

Explanation:

Molarity is defined as the amount of solute expressed in the number of moles present per liter of solution. The units of molarity are mol/L. The formula used to calculate molarity:

[tex]\text{Molarity of solution}=\frac{\text{Moles of solute}\times 1000}{ \text{Volume of solution (mL)}}[/tex] .....(1)

Given values:

Molarity of NaCl = 0.1000 M

Volume of the solution = 140.7 mL

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

[tex]0.1000=\frac{\text{Moles of NaCl}\times 1000}{140.7}\\\\\text{Moles of NaCl}=\frac{0.1000\times 140.7}{1000}=0.01407mol[/tex]

The chemical equation for the reaction of NaCl and lead nitrate follows:

[tex]Pb(NO_3)_2(aq)+2NaCl(aq)\rightarrow PbCl_2(s)+2NaNO_3(aq)[/tex]

By the stoichiometry of the reaction:

If 2 moles of NaCl produces 1 mole of lead chloride

So, 0.01407 moles of NaCl will produce = [tex]\frac{1}{2}\times 0.01407=0.007035mol[/tex] of lead chloride

The number of moles is defined as the ratio of the mass of a substance to its molar mass.

The equation used is:

[tex]\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}[/tex] ......(2)

Molar mass of lead chloride = 278.1 g/mol

Plugging values in equation 2:

[tex]\text{Mass of lead chloride}=(0.007035mol\times 278.1g/mol)=1.96g[/tex]

Hence, the mass of lead chloride produced is 1.96 g

Explanation:

Neutralization is the reaction between an acid and a base, producing a salt and a neutralized base. A strong acid yields a weak conjugate base (A–), so a strong acid is also described as an acid whose conjugate base is a much weaker base than water.

Answer:

physical properties include melting point, boiling point, strength, and malleability.

Explanation:

Answer:

Metal properties.

Explanation:

metal has its fix point to melt and boil expect mercury because it doesn't have its own fix point of melting or boiling, strength- if metal is heated then it can be strength and we can give it shape by heating

Answer: As temperature increases, the number of collisions increases and the energy of the collisions increases.

Explanation:

According to collision theory, for a reaction to take place it is necessary to have collisions between the reacting species or atoms.

A collision will only be effective if species coming together have a certain minimum value of internal energy equal to the activation energy of the reaction.

More is the number of collisions taking place in a chemical reaction more will be the kinetic energy of its molecules. As kinetic energy is the energy acquired due to motion of atoms or a substance.

Also, collisions increases with increase in temperature as:

[tex]K.E = \frac{3}{2}kT[/tex]

Kinetic energy is directly proportional to temperature. So, more is the temperature more will be energy of molecules.

Thus, we can conclude that as temperature increases, the number of collisions increases and the energy of the collisions increases.

Answer:

0.189 g

Explanation:

Step 1: Write the balanced equation

NCl₃ + 3 H₂O ⇒ NH₃ + 3 HCIO

Step 2: Calculate the moles corresponding to 1.33 g of NCl₃

The molar mass of NCl₃ is 120.36 g/mol.

1.33 g × 1 mol/120.36 g = 0.0111 mol

Step 3: Calculate the moles of NH₃ produced from 0.0111 moles of NCl₃

The molar ratio of NCl₃ to NH₃ is 1:1. The moles of NH₃ produced are 1/1 × 0.0111 mol = 0.0111 mol.

Step 4: Calculate the mass corresponding to 0.0111 moles of NH₃

The molar mass of NH₃ is 17.03 g/mol.

0.0111 mol × 17.03 g/mol = 0.189 g

Answer:

A).

Strontium Sulphate is soluble

The question is incomplete, the complete question is:

A certain substance X has a normal freezing point of [tex]-6.4^oC[/tex] and a molal freezing point depression constant [tex]K_f= 3.96^oC.kg/mol[/tex]. A solution is prepared by dissolving some glycine in 950. g of X. This solution freezes at [tex]-13.6^oC[/tex]. Calculate the mass of urea that was dissolved. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.

Answer: 129.66 g of glycine will be dissolved.

Explanation:

Depression in the freezing point is the difference between the freezing point of the pure solvent and the freezing point of the solution.

The expression for the calculation of depression in freezing point is:

[tex]\text{Freezing point of pure solvent}-\text{freezing point of solution}=i\times K_f\times m[/tex]

                                 OR

[tex]\text{Freezing point of pure solvent}-\text{freezing point of solution}=i\times K_f\times \frac{\text{Given mass of solute}\times 1000}{\text{Molar mass of solute}\times \text{Mass of solvent (g)}}[/tex]        ....(1)

where,

i = Van't Hoff factor = 1 (for non-electrolytes)

Freezing point of pure solvent = [tex]-6.4^oC[/tex]

Freezing point of solution = [tex]-13.6^oC[/tex]

[tex]K_f[/tex] = freezing point depression constant  = [tex]3.96^oC/m[/tex]

[tex]M_{solute}[/tex] = Molar mass of solute (glycine) = 75.07 g/mol

[tex]w_{solvent}[/tex] = Mass of solvent = 950 g

Plugging values in equation 1:

[tex]-6.4-(-13.6)=1\times 3.96\times \frac{\text{Given mass of glycine}\times 1000}{75.07\times 950}\\\\\text{Given mass of glycine}=\frac{7.2\times 75.07\times 950}{1\times 3.96\times 1000}\\\\\text{Given mass of glycine}=129.66g[/tex]

Hence, 129.66 g of glycine will be dissolved.

Explanation:

Aromatic nitrogen bonded to hydrogen, as found in pyrrole must be represented as [nH] ; thus imidazole is written in SMILES notation as n1c[nH]cc1 . When aromatic atoms are singly bonded to each other, such as in biphenyl, a single bond must be shown explicitly: c1ccccc1-c2ccccc2 .

The question is incomplete, the complete question is;

49.9 g per day of a certain industrial waste chemical P arrives at a treatment plant settling pond with a volume of 300 m^3. P is destroyed by sunlight, and once in the pond it has a half-life of 3.4 h. Calculate the equilibrium concentration of P in the pond. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.

Answer:

0.034 g/m³

Explanation:

From the question, mass of industrial waste = 49.9 g

It takes 24 hours to complete a day.

Mass per hour;

Mass in = (49.9 g / day) * (1 day /24 hr )

= 2.079 g/hr

Mass out = 0

Mass leaving due to sunlight = k CA V

Half life of the industrial waste = 3.4 h

This is a first order reaction;

Hence;

k = ln2/t1/2

Where, t1/2 = half life

k = 0.693 / 3.4 = 0.2038 hr⁻¹

Mass leaving due to sunlight = k CA V

CA = Mass per hr / kV

= 2.079 g/hr / ( 0.2038 hr⁻¹ x 300 m³ )

= 0.034 g/m³

Answer: The volume of the gas is 178.76 L

Explanation:

The ideal gas equation is given as:

.......(1)

where

P = pressure of the gas = 675 torr

V = volume of gas = ?

n = number of moles of gas = 6.45 moles

R = Gas constant = 62.36 L.torr/mol.K

T = temperature of the gas = [tex]27^oC=[27+273]K=300K[/tex]

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

[tex]675torr\times V=6.45mol\times 62.36L.torr/mol.K\times 300K\\\\V=\frac{6.45\times 62.36\times 300}{675}=178.76 L[/tex]

Hence, the volume of the gas is 178.76 L

Answer:

Your welcome! :)

Explanation:

THE PROCESS IS: Radioactive decay involves the emission of a particle and/or energy as one atom changes into another. In most instances, the atom changes its identity to become a new element.

THE DEFINITION IS: Decay, decompose, rot, putrefy, spoil mean to undergo destructive dissolution. decay implies a slow change from a state of soundness or perfection. a decaying mansion decompose stresses a breaking down by chemical change and when applied to organic matter a corruption.

Answer:

(Basic )

Real

These are formed in the front side of the mirror.

Virtual

These are assumed to be formed at the backside of the mirror.

Type of lens used

Converging(real)

Diverging(virtual)

Image reception

Image can be appeared on a screen.(Real)

Image appears to be on the mirror or lens itself.

Interaction of light rays Actual Imaginary(Virtual)

Appearance of image

Inverted(Real)

Erect(Virtual)

Formed by

Concave mirror and convex lens.(Real)

Plane, convex mirror and concave lens.(Virtual)

Example

Image on the theater screen.(Real)

Reflection of any object or body on plane mirror.(Virtual)

dont mind me here for the points