Baking soda (NaHCO3) decomposes when it is heated according to the equation below. How many kilojoules of heat are required to decompose 1.96 mol NaHCO3( s)?


2NaHCO3( s) + 129 kJ → Na2CO3( s) + H2O( g) + CO2( g)

2.53 × 10 2kJ
126 kJ
129 kJ
258 kJ

Sedimentary rocks include limestone. When ocean water evaporates, calcium carbonate is left behind, and this is how it forms.

Limestone is one of the most common types of chemical rocks. Limestone is created in the ocean by calcium and bicarbonate ions that erode from the remains of shells, coral, crustaceans, and mollusks. Wave action gradually disintegrates these structures into calcite and other calcium carbonate-based minerals, which accumulate in ocean water. As they are carried from the deep ocean environment to shallow places like lagoons and tidal pools, these solutes have the potential to precipitate to create sediments rich in calcium carbonate.  calcium carbonate can precipitate in lagoons to create ooids, which are spherical nodules that stick together to produce oolitic limestone, or limestone.

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In order to design experiment we should initially know how the chemical will react with each other. When sodium chloride reacts with either of the chemicals following reactions takes place:

An inorganic substance having the chemical formula Pb(NO3)2 is lead(II) nitrate. In contrast to the majority of other lead(II) salts, it frequently appears as a colorless crystal or white powder and is soluble in water. Lead chloride and sodium nitrate precipitate are created when sodium chloride solution is introduced to a lead nitrate solution. Lead chloride precipitate is soluble in hot water but insoluble in cold water. If the initial concentrations of silver nitrate and sodium chloride are both quite high, there is a good possibility that the mixture of aqueous AgNO3 and aqueous NaCl compounds will produce a precipitate that is white in color. Therefore, the reaction between AgNO3 and NaCl is precipitation.

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Answer:

The effective nuclear charge is the net positive charge experienced by valence electrons.

Explanation:

The effective nuclear charge is the net positive charge experienced by valence electrons.

It can be approximated by the equation: Zeff = Z – S

Zeff = the effective nuclear charge

Z = denotes the number of protons existing in the nucleus

S = average amount of density between the nucleus and the electron.

3 moles or 84.03 g of CO produces 3 moles of or 132 g of CO₂. Thus, the mass of CO required to produce 635 g of CO₂ is 404.23 g.

Carbon monoxide  is an inorganic gas produced from the covalent bonding  of carbon with oxygen. When carbon monoxide reacts with metal oxides it produces carbon dioxide.

From the given balanced reaction, 3 moles of CO produces 3 moles of CO₂.

Molar mass of CO = 28.01 g/mol, 3 moles =  (28.01 ×3) 84.03 g

molar mass of CO₂ = 44.01 g/mol , 3 moles = 132 g.

Thus, mass of CO required to produce 635 g of CO₂ is :

= (84.03 × 635 g) /132 g = 404.23 g.

Therefore, the mass of CO required to produce 635 g of CO₂ is 404.23 g.

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Oxygen and calcium react to generate calcium oxide. The chemical made of calcium and oxygen has the formula CaO. This reaction's chemical formula is 2Ca + O2 2CaO.

the eight types of chemical reactions that are most frequently encountered are: decomposition reaction, combination reaction, combustion reaction, single displacement reaction, double displacement reaction, precipitation reaction, and redox reaction.

The evolution of a gas, precipitate formation, color change, temperature change, and state change are significant aspects.

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Answer:

The Atom is a superhero character from DC Comics. He is a founding member of the Justice League and possesses the ability to shrink himself to subatomic size. In the comics, he is Ray Palmer, a scientist from Ivy Town.

Explanation:

Polonium has a simple cubic cell(1 atom), manganese has a body-centered cube(2 atoms) and Silver is a face-centered cubic cell(4 atoms).

In each of the 3 unit cells of the metals, for every corner of the cell, there is 1/8th volume of the sphere. The total volume of the sphere is given by,

Total volume = 1/8th corner of cube x 8 Total Volume

                      = 1 sphere or atom

Hence, Polonium has only one atom in its cell whereas Manganese has 2 atoms in its cell, one in the corner and one in the center of the cell.

In the case of silver, apart from the corners in each of the faces, there is one hemisphere in each of the faces. There are 6 such faces in the cell. Therefore the number of atoms in silver is given by,

No of atoms in silver = 6 x 1/2 + 8 x 1/8

No of atoms in silver = 4 atoms in each cell.

In conclusion, it can be said that Polonium has a simple cubic cell, Manganese has a body-centered cube and Silver is a face-centered cubic cell.

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The one having lowest vapour pressure at `25^C` is a : The vapour pressure of water is least because of strong intermolecular H-bonding in water molecules.

The pressure by a vapour when it is in equilibrium with a substance's liquid, solid, or both forms—i.e., when the conditions permit the substance to exist in both of these phases or in all three—is known as vapour pressure. The measurement of a substance's propensity to change into a gaseous or vapour state, vapour pressure increases with temperature. The temperature at which the pressure equals the vapour pressure existing at the liquid's surface is known as the boiling point of a liquid. When conditions allow for the creation of vapour inside a liquid, the  process is referred to as boiling. It follows that the more molecules that evaporate at a given temperature, the higher the vapor pressure that results.

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K+ ions is more abundant in the interior of resting neuron that in the fluid surrounding the neuron.

What is a Neuron?

A neuron is a type of cell that is found in the nervous system and is responsible for sending and receiving electrical signals. Neurons are the basic building blocks of the nervous system and are responsible for processing and transmitting information throughout the body.

In neurons, potassium(K) ions are maintained at high concentrations within the cell while sodium ions are maintained at high concentrations outside of the cell. The cell has potassium and sodium leakage channels, which allow the cations to diffuse down their concentration gradients.

Define Potassium?

Potassium is basically a chemical element with the symbol K and atomic number 19. It is a silvery-white, soft, and ductile metal that is part of the alkali metal group. Potassium is an essential mineral for the body, playing a role in muscle contractions, nerve transmission, and the maintenance of a healthy fluid balance. It is also necessary for building and maintaining strong bones.

Therefore, the correct option is Option D.

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The products formed during the single displacement reaction between Al₂S₃ and Li are Li₂S₃ and Al.

What are deplacement reactions?

When a more reactive element pushes a less reactive element out of a compound that also contains the less reactive element, a displacement reaction takes place. The less reactive element has undergone a displacement reaction and is now pure and unmixed.

In the reaction of  Al₂S₃ and Li the following is observed:

Li+ Al₂S₃  = Li₂S₃ +Al

Lithium displaces aluminium here.

Hence the products formed during the single displacement reaction between Al₂S₃ and Li are Li₂S₃ and Al.

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The edge length of a body-centered cubic unit cell made up of atoms of radius 178 pm is 411.074 pm.

The body-centered cubic unit cell is defined as an unit cell that has atoms at each of the eight corners of a cube (like the cubic unit cell) plus one atom present in the center of the cube. Each of the corner of  atoms is the corner of another cube so the corner atoms are shared among eight unit cells.

Length of body diagonal = r + 2r + r

                                         = 4r

From the cube, body diagonal = √(3) a

∴ 4r = √(3) a

Where:

a: is the edge length

R: is the radius of each atom = 178 pm      

By solving equation the equation for "a" we have:

a = 4r/√(3)

⇒ a = (4 × 178)/√(3)

⇒ a = 411.074 pm

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Answer:

5 x 6.022 x 10²³ atoms

Explanation:

There are 5 different atoms that make up a CaCO3 molecule, and since one mole of something is 6.022 x 10²³, there are 5 times that amount of atoms.

The final temperature in the given situation is 87.015C. Using the heat capacity relation (Q=m* c*delta T).The copper tube expands by 1.7 × 10–5 of its length for every 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit.

Step 1: Given data-

1. Mass of copper m = 50g= 0.05kg

2. Heat energy added Q = 1200 J

3. Specific heat of copper Scopper 4. The initial temp. is 25°C -387 J kg °C 1

Step 2: Find the rise in temperature using heat capacity relation- Let, final temperature be T. Then using heat capacity relation we can,

Q= m*c* delta T

On substituting values we get,

12000.05 x 387 x (T-25)

T= 87.015°C

Hence, the final temperature in the given situation is 87.015°C.

Copper melts at 1083°C. It has absolutely nothing to do with Minimum and Maximum temperature for a copper wire to work as a conductor. Both are determined by insulation and jacket materials. Insulation breaks down, if ambient temperature goes < 100°C.

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Answer:

The chemical formula changes

The rate constant for the nuclide according to first-order kinetics is 0.3863 per day.

Nuclear Decay in First-Order Kinetics:

m(t) = Me∧(-αt)

where m(t) = mass of nuclide after decay at time t;

M = mass of nuclide before decay;

α = rate constant of decay;

t = time for the decay;

When a fixed percentage of the drug is excreted per unit of time, this is known as first-order kinetics.

For example, The amount of drug in the body has a direct relationship to the rate of removal. The amount of medication eliminated per unit of time increases with concentration. The medication concentration decreases by 50% for each half-life.

Now,

m(t) = Me∧(-αt)

⇒e∧(αt) = M/m(t)

applying ln on both sides;

αt = ln(m/m(t))

α = (ln(m/m(t))/t)

here t= 3.4 days, M = 45 grams, m(t) = 12.1 grams;

dropping these values in the above equation we get,

α = 0.3863 per day;

The rate constant for the nuclide according to first-order kinetics is 0.3863 per day.

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Answer:

Word equation: Ethane + Dioxygen = Carbon Dioxide + Water

Explanation:

Brainliest, Please!

The amount of joules required to change 25.02g of liquid Ethanol is 3838.2 J or 3.83kJ.

Given,

mass of the ethanol (m) = 25.02g

heat capacity of the ethanol (c) = 2.46

Conversion of Kelvin to Celsius:

C = K - 273.15

C1 = 289.14 - 273.15 => 15.99 C

C2 = 351.5 - 273.15 => 78.35 C

Formula:

H = mcdT                

temperature change (dT) = C2 -C1 => 78.35 - 15.99 => 62.36 C

Substituting the values,

H = 25.02 * 2.46 * 32.36

H = 3838.2 J or 3.83kJ

Therefore, the amount of joules required to change 25.02g of liquid Ethanol is 3838.2 J or 3.83kJ.

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The mole fraction of carbon dioxide in the mixture is

P(CO₂) = 0.00004 × 76mmHg

           = 0.304mmHg

The key to this problem is the fact that each component of a gas mixture contributes to the total pressure exerted by the mixture in proportion to the number of molecules in the mixture.

Partial pressures of gases are most often expressed as mole fractions.

                    P(gas) = χ(gas) × P(mixture)

This is the proportional to the number of molecules.

As you know, 1 mole of a substance is exactly 6.022⋅10²³

molecules of that substance. This is known as the Avogadro number Nₐ.

This means that the number of molecules, say x and Avogadro's number

No. can be used to express the number of moles of a gas.

             From a mole =  Number of Molecules × Nₐ

Now, the percentage composition of a gas mixture is the number of molecules each gas contributes to 100 molecules of the mixture.

In this case, the air must contain 0.04% carbon dioxide. This means that there are 0.04 CO₂ molecules in 100 air molecules.

For example, the number of moles of carbon dioxide in 100 air molecules is ⁿCO² = 0.04 molecules × Nₐ

            = 0.04 Nₐ

This air sample is

n (total) = 100 molecules × Nₐ

            = 100⋅Nₐ

This means that the mole fraction of carbon dioxide in the mixture is

P(CO₂) = 0.00004 × 76mmHg

           = 0.304mmHg

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If molecules of hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and chlorine have the same kinetic energy hydrogen molecule will move the fastest.

Kinetic energy will be defined as:

    K.E = 1/2mv2

In the above-mentioned equation:

   K.E = kinetic energy

   m = mass of gas molecules

   v = velocity of gas molecules

Gases with smaller particle sizes tend to be traveling quicker at a given temperature, which means that they have a greater speed. Kinetic energy enables gas particles to move at different rates, and these speeds are determined by the size of the gas particle.  Hydrogen gas particles are the smallest and hence move at a faster rate, followed by nitrogen gas particles, oxygen gas particles, and chlorine gas particles.

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Sulfur and copper combine to form the chemical compound copper (IV) sulphide (Cu2S). Cu2S, a chemical, is present.

What happens when CuSO4 and H2S combine?

When H2S gas is introduced to the blue CuSO4 solution, a black copper sulphide precipitate forms, and the sulphuric acid that was created stays in the solution. An illustration of is the response. a mixture reaction

What takes place when copper and H2S interact?

The surface of the copper rod will show signs of the purple-black copper sulphide product that results from the elemental copper reacting with hydrogen sulphide.

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The sample's initial mass is 25.0 g if first-order kinetics is what nuclear decay is said to follow.

Nuclear energy is the force that exists in a protons and neutrons, or core. The atoms that make up everything in the universe are minute building blocks, and energy holds the nucleus of each atom together.

A nuclear facility meltdown or explosion might release a significant amount of radioactive material into the atmosphere. Everyone present at the nuclear site would have most certainly been injured or poisoned in the event of an explosion.

Briefing: The following is the expression for the rate rule for first order kinetics:

Where k = rate constant = 0.178 days, t = 2.303/k * log(a/(a - x))

15 days have passed since the sample began, so t 1

a = the reactant's original or initial amount; a - x = the amount left over after the decay process; 1.73g

After plugging in all the values, we get 15=(2.303/0.178) A/1.73 = 10 * log (a/1.73) log (a/1.73) = 15 * 0.178/2.303 ( 15*0.178/2.303)

a = 1.73 * 10^( 2670/2303)\sa = 1.73 * 10^(1.15935736)\sa = 1.73 * 14.433024871\sa = 24.9691330268

Consequently, a weighs about 25 grams.

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Answer:

Ferric Nitrate, Nitric oxide and water

Explanation:

Fe + dil. HNO3 gives iron nitrate along with NO . The resulting compounds would be ferric nitrate, nitric oxide, and water.

I hope this helped

Answer:

Ferric Nitrate, Nitric oxide and Water

Explanation:

Fe (NO3)3 , NO, H20

The pink substance different from the green substance because the pink solution is thought to have a lesser intermolecular force than the green solution, which causes molecules to disperse as a result.

Consider the attraction between the molecules of the pink substance to be weaker than that of the molecules of the green substance. Each of its molecules separates from the others. It's important to take into account the following data:

In comparison to the green substance, the attraction between the molecules in the pink substance is thought to be less. It moves apart from one another and changes from liquid to gas.

So, we can say that the pink solution is thought to have a less intermolecular force than the green solution, which leads to the dispersion of molecules.

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The kinetic energy of the cart of mass 225 kg is 450 J.

Kinetic energy is the energy of a body in motion.

To calculate the kinetic energy of the cart, we use the formula below.

Formula:

Where:

From the question,

Given:

Substitute these values into equation 1

Hence, the kinetic energy of the cart is 450 J.

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1. The coefficient in 2H2O means that there are 2 moles of that compound for every 1 mole of CH4 and CO2. If you had 1 mole of CH4 (and enough O2), you would produce 2 moles of H2O. The coefficients describe the ratio of moles in an equation.

2. It's the same for O2. There are 2 moles of O2 for every 1 mole of CH4. When reacting O2 with CH4, you need 2 moles of O2 (which is important if you need to know how much O2 to react with CH4).

rapid combustion

spontaneous combustion

explosive combustion

Considering the Brønsted-Lowry theory, the correct answer is option B. a base can accept a hydrogen ion.

In the Brønsted-Lowry theory, a proton transfer occurs that requires the presence of a proton donor, that is, an acid, and a base that accepts them. In this way, the acid-base reaction is one in which the acid transfers a proton to a base.

Then, according to the Brønsted-Lowry Theory, a base is a substance capable of accepting protons (H⁺) in solution, and an acid is any species capable of donating a proton (H⁺).

According to the Brønsted-Lowry Theory, a base can accept a hydrogen ion.

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It is true that monosynaptic reflexes only involve one synapse while polysynaptic reflexes include several synapses.

Monosynaptic reflexes:

The biceps, triceps, and patellar stretch reflexes are examples of monosynaptic reflexes. Conversely, polysynaptic reflexes are mediated by one interneuron and at least two synapses.

Polysynaptic reflexes:

Polysynaptic reflexes are a specific type of reflex that involve several synapses. In the reflex arc, they also involve one or more interneurons. As a result, afferent and efferent neuron communication is often diffuse. Interneurons between sensory and motor neurons are present in polysynaptic reflex.

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The pH of the given solution would be 4.75.

What do you mean by pH?

pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, usually expressed on a scale from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral, with solutions below 7 being acidic and solutions above 7 being alkaline.

The pH of the solution can be calculated using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:

pH = pKa + log([salt]/[acid])

Where pKa is the -log of the acid dissociation constant (in this case, 4.75 for acetic acid), [salt] is the molar concentration of the salt (in this case, 0.1 M for sodium acetate), and [acid] is the molar concentration of the acid (in this case, 0.1 M for acetic acid).

Plugging in the values, we get

pH = 4.75 + log(0.1/0.1)

pH = 4.75

Therefore, the pH of the solution is 4.75.

What is an acetic acid solution?

An acetic acid solution is a solution made up of acetic acid and water. Acetic acid, also known as ethanoic acid, is an organic acid which is the main component of vinegar. It has a strong, pungent odor and sour taste, and is used in many household products and industrial applications.

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