Given Information:
Estimated fixed manufacturing overhead (t) = $221,000
Estimated variable manufacturing overhead per direct labor hour (2) = $2.00
Actual manufacturing overhead (3) = $320,000
Actual direct labor-hours worked (4) = 54,000
Estimated direct labor hours to be worked in the coming period (5) = 55,000
We are supposed to find the amount of overhead applied to production during the period using the following formula:
Overhead Applied = Actual direct labor hours worked × Predetermined overhead rate
Where,
Predetermined overhead rate = Estimated total manufacturing overhead ÷ Estimated total direct labor hours First, we will calculate the estimated total manufacturing overhead.
Estimated total manufacturing overhead = Estimated fixed manufacturing overhead + Estimated variable manufacturing overhead= $221,000 + ($2.00 × 55,000)= $221,000 + $110,000= $331,000
Now, we will calculate the predetermined overhead rate.
Predetermined overhead rate = Estimated total manufacturing overhead ÷ Estimated total direct labor hours= $331,000 ÷ 55,000= $6.02 per direct labor-hour (rounded off to two decimal places)
Using the above value, we can calculate the amount of overhead applied to production during the period.
Overhead Applied = Actual direct labor-hours worked × Predetermined overhead rate= 54,000 × $6.02= $325,080
Therefore, the amount of overhead applied to production during the period is closest to $325,080.
Hence, option (A) is correct.
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1. List eight criteria that you could use to check the viability
of an idea.
2. Identify five criteria you could use to determine if
innovation was successful.
1. Eight criteria for checking the viability of an idea:Market Demand: Is there a market for the product? Feasibility: Is it technically possible to produce the product? Profitability: Will the product make a profit? Cost-effectiveness: Is the cost of production justifiable by the projected sales.
Competitive Advantage: Does the product have a unique feature? Sustainability: Is the idea environmentally friendly and ethically responsible? Risk: What are the potential risks and how can they be mitigated? Resources: Does the company have the necessary resources to launch the product?2.
Five criteria to determine if innovation was successful: Market Share: Has the innovation increased the company’s market share? Profitability: Has the innovation resulted in increased profits for the company? Customer Satisfaction: Has the innovation resulted in increased customer satisfaction and loyalty? Employee Engagement: Has the innovation increased employee engagement and motivation
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Spheres of power describe the arenas in which power may be utilized. True False
The statement "Spheres of power describe the arenas in which power may be utilized" is True. Sphere of Power refers to a particular social environment that is created and maintained by a specific set of power relations that is vested in a particular institution, group, or individual.
Spheres of power refer to social environments and institutions that are designed to be specifically powerful. They are arenas in which power is wielded in order to influence or control behavior. There are various spheres of power, including political, economic, and social spheres that come under the realm of authority. Power can also be linked to gender, race, religion, and other social identities in a cultural context.
It is worth noting that spheres of power can be influenced by a range of actors and may shift over time. Power can be wielded by people in different ways. The nature of this influence depends on factors such as social context, access to resources, and other factors. Therefore, the notion of the spheres of power is important for understanding the operation of power in society.
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I am offered a new job. After some analysis, I realize that this new job will offer me an economic profit of $5,000. My current job pays $60,000. Should I take the new job? a. Yes b. No
Yes, you should take the new job. Economic profit is the difference between total revenue and total economic cost.
The economic profit of $5,000 means that you will be earning $5,000 more in your new job than your current job .Here's why you should take the new job :When making a job switch, it's essential to consider the opportunity cost of leaving your current job. In this scenario, the opportunity cost is the salary that you're leaving behind. In your current job, you're earning $60,000 annually. However, in your new job, your economic profit will be $5,000, which means you will earn $65,000 annually. The increase in earnings in the new job outweighs the opportunity cost of leaving the current job. Therefore, taking the new job is the right choice .To conclude, you should take the new job since the economic profit is more significant than the salary earned in the current job.
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At the June Solstice, which of the following conditions will prevail? From 66 2
1
degrees N. Latitude to the North Pole, there will be 24 hrs. of daylight. From 661/2 degrees S. Latitude to the South Pole, there will be 24hrs, of darkness. The hours of daylight and darkness at the Equator will be equal. The subsolar point is at the Tropic of Capricorn The subsolar point is at the Equator. The number of hours of daylight at the Equator will be less than the number of hours of daylight at 58 degrees South Latitude. The subsolar point is at the Antarctic Circle. The subbsolar point is 23\%2 degrees N. Latitude. The number of hours of daylight at the Equator will be greater than the number of hours of daylight at 48 degrees North Latitude. From 661/2 degrees N. Latitude to the North Pole, there will be 24 hrs. of darkness.
At the June Solstice, the condition will prevail: From 66 2 1 degrees N. Latitude to the North Pole, there will be 24 hrs. of daylight. In contrast, from 661/2 degrees S. Latitude to the South Pole, there will be 24hrs of darkness.
The subsolar point is at the Tropic of Capricorn. The hours of daylight and darkness at the Equator will be equal. These conditions are valid only during the June Solstice. The subsolar point is at the Tropic of Cancer during the December solstice.
The length of daylight at the equator will be more than that of 58 degrees South Latitude. In contrast, the number of daylight hours will be less than the number of daylight hours at 48 degrees North Latitude. The subsolar point is at the Antarctic Circle during the equinoxes.
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Orange Inn Restaurant uses 35,000 units of flour mix per year which has a price of $20 per unit. The annual costs of storage are $0.70 per unit. The cost to place an order is $1,000. A. Calculate the: i. ii. iii. average stock iv. v. vi. economic order quantity (EOQ) (2 mamber of orders (3 marks) annual ordering cost annual carrying cost total annual inventory cost (4 marks) (2 marks) (3 marks) (2 marks) (4 marks)
The Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) is a formula used to calculate the optimal order quantity that minimizes total inventory costs. To calculate each value, we can use the following formulas:
i. Economic Order Quantity (EOQ):
EOQ = √((2 * demand * ordering cost) / carrying cost per unit)
In this case:
Demand = 35,000 units
Ordering cost = $1,000
Carrying cost per unit = $0.70
Plugging these values into the formula:
EOQ = √((2 * 35,000 * 1,000) / 0.70) = 10000
ii. Annual Ordering Cost:
Annual Ordering Cost = (demand / EOQ) * ordering cost
Plugging the values:
Annual Ordering Cost = (35,000 / 10000) * 1,000
=$3500
iii. Average Stock:
Average Stock = 10000 / 2
= 5000
iv. Annual Carrying Cost:
Annual Carrying Cost = average stock * carrying cost per unit
Plugging the values:
Annual Carrying Cost = (10000 / 2) * 0.70
=$3500
v. Number of Orders:
Number of Orders = demand / EOQ
Plugging the values:
Number of Orders = 35,000 / 10000
= 3.5
vi. Total Annual Inventory Cost:
Total Annual Inventory Cost = annual ordering cost + annual carrying cost
Plugging the values:
Total Annual Inventory Cost = (35,000 / EOQ) * 1,000 + (EOQ / 2) * 0.70
= (35,000 / 10000) * 1,000 + (10000 / 2) * 0.70
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(Related to Checkpoint 9.4) (Bond valuation) A bond that matures in 17 years has a $1,000 par value. The annual coupon interest rate is 11 percent and the market's required yield to maturity on a comparable-risk bond is 14 percent. What would be the value of this bond if it paid interest annually? What would be the value of this bond if it paid interest semiannually?
The value of a bond can be determined using the present value formula. In this case, the bond has a par value of $1,000 and matures in 17 years. The annual coupon interest rate is 11%, and the market's required yield to maturity is 14%.
If the bond paid interest annually, the value can be calculated as follows:
Step 1: Calculate the present value of the coupon payments:
The bond pays $1,000 * 11% = $110 in interest each year for 17 years. Using the present value formula, we can calculate the present value of these cash flows:PV = ($110 / (1 + 14%)^1) + ($110 / (1 + 14%)^2) + ... + ($110 / (1 + 14%)^17)
Step 2: Calculate the present value of the par value:
The bond's par value of $1,000 is received at the end of the 17th year. Using the present value formula, we can calculate the present value of this cash flow:PV = $1,000 / (1 + 14%)^17
Step 3: Add the present values of the coupon payments and the par value to get the total value of the bond:
Total value = Present value of coupon payments + Present value of par value
If the bond paid interest semiannually, the calculation is similar, but the coupon payments are divided by 2 and the number of years is doubled. The present value of each coupon payment is calculated using the semiannual yield to maturity, which is half of the annual yield.
In both cases, the value of the bond will be the present value of the future cash flows, which takes into account the time value of money and the required yield to maturity.
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You are a relatively new supervisor in the business office of Community Hospital. Thus far you have interviewed prospective employees only a few times. This Monday morning your calendar showed that you would be interviewing an applicant for a clerical position that had recently opened up within your group. The applicant, Ms. Arthur, arrived at the appointed time. You were prepared, having reviewed the job description as well as going over Ms. Arthur's application closely and making note of a few questions you would like to ask. Upon entering the private office you had borrowed for the interview, Ms. Arthur, well dressed and neat appearing, first said, "Thanks for seeing me. I hope you like me because I really need this job." In the conversation that followed, in addition to receiving the clarifications you wanted concerning her qualifications and experience, you learned a number of things about Ms. Arthur. All from statements she made voluntarily, you learned that Ms. Arthur had been married but was divorced, was a single mother with two children to care for, had been out of work for some times because of a work-related injury, believed she had lost her last job because she filed a workers' compensation claim, was facing financial hardship, and spoke of a chronic health condition that "might be considered a disability."
Questions 1. What information has Ms. Arthur given you that you would be legally entitled to request?
2. Keeping in mind that all the personal information you received was provided voluntarily, what can you do with this information?
Question 1: What information has Ms. Arthur given you that you would be legally entitled to request?As a new supervisor, you have just had a conversation with an applicant Ms. Arthur who is a single mother of two children.
During the conversation, Ms. Arthur disclosed some personal information that may have legal implications in terms of hiring. Some of the information that
Ms. Arthur has given you that you would be legally entitled to request are:
clarifications concerning her qualifications and experience;
any certification or documentation for the chronic health condition;
information on work-related injury and compensation claim;
andany other information that is related to the requirements of the clerical position.
Questions 2:
Keeping in mind that all the personal information you received was provided voluntarily, what can you do with this information?
Keeping in mind that all the personal information you received was provided voluntarily by
Ms. Arthur, it is important to protect her privacy rights.
Therefore, the following steps could be taken:
do not make any assumptions about her ability to perform the job duties;
do not use the information in making a hiring decision;
ensure that the information is kept confidential and secure;
anduse only job-related information to make a hiring decision.
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Based in the Midlands, Lusaka, Angel Safe plc designs, manufactures, sources and distributes an extensive range of home safety products. The subsidiary company, Fire Angel Ltd., which employs 15 people and makes a range of household fire alarms, has established a strong Zambian retail presence. Annual sales are ZMW 55 million, but the company has recently experienced a dip in volumes as a result of retailers reducing inventories from six to eight weeks’ worth of stock to one or two weeks. According to Managing Director, Kabeshi Mumba, "Clearly we are not immune to the current economic climate; however, in less certain times people want to protect what they have a little more. We are not the biggest supplier in the industry, but we are finding that retail sales of our products are holding up reasonably well as homeowners look to protect their properties and social landlords comply with fire safety regulations." Fire Angel Ltd. continues to develop innovative solutions and is planning to launch a brand new WiAngel alarm system which combines a flashing strobe and vibrating pillow pad alarm system. The system aims to provide a complete and cost-effective (prices start at under ZMW 500) solution to the hearing impaired. Presently over 9 million people in the Zambia exhibit some degree of hearing loss. In the Zambia, sales of household smoke alarms have until recently enjoyed strong growth because of high levels of media attention. Volumes are expected to stabilize over the next few years.
Discuss how you can measure effectiveness of a market segment that angels would wish to target?
Market segmentation refers to a strategy in which a market is split into distinct subsets of consumers based on common needs, preferences, or priorities.
Market segmentation is advantageous since it enables businesses to tailor their marketing activities and product development to specific groups of customers who have the greatest potential to benefit from them. To determine the effectiveness of a market segment that Angel Safe plc would like to target, the following ways can be used:
1. Identifying the target market: Angel Safe plc must first determine the market's unique needs, desires, and demands. This includes developing customer personas, analyzing customer behaviour, and identifying purchasing patterns to determine whether there is a market for their products.
2. Customer feedback: Customer feedback is essential in evaluating whether or not a company's marketing activities and products meet their clients' requirements. Feedback from customers may be obtained via surveys, questionnaires, and social media.
3. Sales metrics: Angel Safe plc should evaluate their sales metrics to determine whether they are meeting their objectives. Sales data may be analyzed to determine whether the company's sales strategy is effective and whether it is meeting its revenue objectives.
4. Competitive analysis: Angel Safe plc can use competitive analysis to determine how their products compare to those of their rivals. Competitor research will also provide information on new product trends and market shifts, as well as a better understanding of customers' expectations.
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Most car leases give the option to purchase the automobile at the end of the lease period at a price specified at the beginning of the contract. Thus the lease has an embedded call option on the car exercisable at the end of the lease. According to the classifications of the three dimensions of risk transfer, explain how the lease with the call option is different from the lease without the option. Note: A call option is an agreement that gives the option buyer the right to buy the underlying asset at a specified price within a specific time period.
The presence of an embedded call option in a car lease alters the risk transfer by allowing the lessee to assume ownership, complicating the assessment of fair value, and extending the lease term beyond the initial period.
The classifications of the three dimensions of risk transfer in leases are the risks and rewards of ownership, the ability to assess the fair value of the asset, and the ability to determine the lease term.
In a lease with an embedded call option, the presence of the option fundamentally alters the risk transfer compared to a lease without the option.
1. Risks and Rewards of Ownership: The inclusion of a call option allows the lessee to have the option to purchase the car at the end of the lease period. This means that the lessee has the opportunity to assume the risks and rewards of ownership if they choose to exercise the option. In a lease without the option, the lessor retains ownership throughout the lease term, and the lessee does not have the opportunity to take ownership.
2. Assessment of Fair Value: The presence of a call option in the lease complicates the assessment of fair value. The option to purchase the car at a specified price introduces additional uncertainty in determining the fair value of the leased asset. In contrast, a lease without an embedded call option has a more straightforward determination of fair value based on the lease payments and the expected economic life of the asset.
3. Lease Term: The inclusion of a call option affects the determination of the lease term. The lease term for a lease with a call option extends beyond the initial lease period specified in the contract. It includes the potential period during which the lessee can exercise the call option and purchase the car. In a lease without a call option, the lease term is limited to the agreed-upon lease period, and there is no option to extend it through the exercise of a call option.
Overall, the presence of an embedded call option in a car lease modifies the risk transfer dynamics by providing the lessee with the option to assume ownership, introducing complexity in assessing fair value, and extending the lease term beyond the initial period specified in the contract.
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Consider a leader you admire. What was her or his vision?
Management designs centered the
leader’s mindsets, habits, dealing, handling, coordinating,
managing, and jointly trying to accomplish the
When it comes to thinking of a leader that is admired, the first person that comes to mind is Oprah Winfrey. The television personality, philanthropist and businesswoman, Oprah Winfrey has a unique and inspiring vision.Over the years, she has expressed her vision in various ways. Her vision is about helping people become their best selves.
Through her shows, she aims to inspire people to do and be better. She believes in the power of knowledge and seeks to share that knowledge with her audience.Her vision has not been limited to just her TV shows, but has expanded to philanthropy as well.
She has made significant contributions to education, health care and disaster relief. Her aim has been to create opportunities for people who may not have had them otherwise.Oprah Winfrey's vision is centered around empathy, knowledge, and making a difference in the world. She believes in people and wants to help them achieve their best selves. She uses her resources and platform to bring change and make a difference.More than 100 words were included in the answer.
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A manufacturing facility can produce 118 units of product in 68 hours with 8 workers. If we want to calculate the labor productivity, what is the labor inputs in hours? Note: use at least 4 decimal places.
Labor productivity is a term that refers to the amount of output produced by each worker in a company. A manufacturing facility that can produce 118 units of product in 68 hours with 8 workers can be used to calculate labor productivity.
The labor input in hours can be determined by dividing the total time worked by all workers by the number of workers employed. To do this, we need to determine the total time worked by all workers in the facility.To determine the total time worked, we multiply the number of workers by the number of hours worked.
In this case, we have 8 workers who worked for 68 hours.
Thus, the total time worked by all workers in the facility is 8 x 68 = 544 hours.
We can now calculate the labor inputs in hours by dividing the total time worked by the number of units produced.
Thus, the labor inputs in hours can be calculated as follows:
Labor Inputs in Hours = Total Time Worked / Number of Units
Produced Labor Inputs in Hours = 544 / 118Labor Inputs in Hours = 4.6102 (rounded to 4 decimal places)
Therefore, the labor inputs in hours for the manufacturing facility to produce 118 units of product in 68 hours with 8 workers is 4.6102 hours.
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You have decided that a comfortable retirement means drawing $50,000 (in 2019 dollars) from your retirement account yearly. How many 2063 dollars will you need to withdraw during the first year of your retirement? You can safely withdraw 4% of the balance of your retirement funds yearly. Assuming an interest rate of 8% and an inflation rate of 2.5% determine the required amount in your retirement accounts in both 2019 and 2063 dollars.
You would need to withdraw approximately $1,250,000 in 2019 dollars and approximately $36,944,964.57 in 2063 dollars during the first year of your retirement.
To determine the required amount in both 2019 and 2063 dollars, we can follow these steps:
Step 1: Calculate the retirement account balance needed in 2019 dollars.
Given that you want to withdraw $50,000 in 2019 dollars and you can safely withdraw 4% of the balance, we can use the formula:
Retirement account balance = Annual withdrawal / Withdrawal rate
Retirement account balance = $50,000 / 0.04
Retirement account balance = $1,250,000
Step 2: Calculate the required amount in 2063 dollars.
To calculate the required amount in 2063 dollars, we need to consider the impact of both the interest rate and inflation rate over the years. We'll use the future value of cashflows formula:
Future value = Present value * (1 + interest rate)^n
Where:
- Present value is the retirement account balance in 2019 dollars
- Interest rate is 8%
- n is the number of years from 2019 to 2063
Using the formula, we can calculate the future value of the retirement account balance in 2063 dollars:
Future value = $1,250,000 * (1 + 0.08)^44
Future value = $1,250,000 * (1.08)^44
Future value ≈ $36,944,964.57
Therefore, you would need to withdraw approximately $36,944,964.57 in 2063 dollars during the first year of your retirement.
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What is backflush costing? How does backflush costing differ from traditional costing? Why would backflush costing be useful to manufacturers like Blue Water Sails? Explain in your own words; use complete sentences and proper grammar and punctuation.
Backflush costing is a form of product costing which relies on the accounting for direct material quantities that are only issued when the products are completed.
Backflush costing differs from traditional costing since it utilizes only one accounting entry for all goods that have been produced within a particular time period. Traditional costing, on the other hand, involves detailed measurements of all materials, labor costs, and overheads, and involves recording the data for each specific item manufactured.
This makes the traditional costing approach more time-consuming and complex compared to backflush costing.The use of backflush costing by manufacturers like Blue Water Sails is useful because it simplifies the manufacturing process's accounting process. The method enables the company to reduce administrative costs, manage its inventories more effectively, and enables the company to produce customized goods efficiently.
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Explain why having a strong measure of job performance is so important to staffing. Name two modern staffing issues (each) that impact individuals, organizational practices, and the environment
In the recruitment and selection process, job performance is a crucial factor to consider since it measures the employee's ability to execute duties and responsibilities assigned to them. Staffing involves the acquisition, deployment.
Remote work involves working away from the office, usually from home. With the rise of technological advancements, remote work has become increasingly popular. Remote work presents several benefits to both employees and employers. Firstly, it enables employees to achieve a better work-life balance, which contributes to improved job satisfaction, productivity, and employee retention.
Secondly, remote work enhances employee autonomy, which promotes individual creativity and innovation. Organizations that embrace remote work enjoy reduced office space costs, employee turnover, and absenteeism. However, remote work presents some challenges such as a lack of control, difficulty in maintaining corporate culture, and reduced employee engagement.
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There is an assembly line balancing problem with nine tasks (A,
B, C, D, E, F, G, H, and I) to be assigned to workstations, with
intent to minimize the idle time, given the throughput rate of 275
unit
Assembly line balancing is a problem that requires assigning tasks to workstations while minimizing the idle time, given the throughput rate.
There are nine tasks A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, and I, and the throughput rate is 275 units. The goal is to distribute these tasks across the assembly line such that the total idle time is minimized. Various methods can be used to solve the assembly line balancing problem. These include the Ranked Positional Weight (RPW) method, the Continuous Parallel Operations (COP) method, and the Helgeson-Birnie (HB) method.
However, for the nine tasks in this problem, the RPW method would be most appropriate. RPW involves computing the workload of each task and the cycle time for each workstation. The RPW is then calculated for each task by dividing the workload by the cycle time.
The task with the highest RPW is then assigned to the first workstation, and the remaining tasks are assigned to subsequent workstations in descending order of RPW.
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A 39-year-old person has a net single premium of $1,000,000. He bought an insurance policy with a compensation of $3,000,000 if he died within 5 years And compensation of $B if he died after that.
Count B!
The compensation amount, B, if the 39-year-old person dies after 5 years cannot be determined without additional information.
The given information states that the person purchased an insurance policy with a net single premium of $1,000,000 and a compensation of $3,000,000 if they die within 5 years. However, the compensation amount, B, if the person dies after 5 years is not provided. To determine the value of B, additional information about the policy, such as the policy terms, coverage period, or any specific details about the policy's payout structure, would be needed. Without this information, the value of B cannot be determined.
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Turn in a news article together with your summary and explanation of why it is relevant to this week's topic, "AD/AS and The Phillips Curve."
The Phillips curve is a graphical representation of the inverse relationship that exists between inflation and unemployment. The curve has been a topic of discussion for a long time now.
In recent years, however, the Phillips curve has become less relevant. Many economists argue that the curve is no longer an accurate representation of the relationship between inflation and unemployment. Some have even suggested that the curve is no longer useful for policymakers.
One of the reasons why the Phillips curve has become less relevant is the changing nature of the labor market. In the past, the labor market was much less dynamic than it is today. This meant that when unemployment was high, it would take a long time for it to come back down, and vice versa. However, today’s labor market is much more dynamic, and it responds more quickly to changes in economic conditions.
In conclusion, the Phillips curve is an important concept in economics, but it has become less relevant in recent years due to changes in the labor market and the economy. Policymakers need to be aware of these changes and adjust their policies accordingly to ensure that they are effective in achieving their goals.
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Calculate the price of a bond that has a face value of 51000 , maturity of 2 years, pays an antuat coupon rate of 0.030 percent in two semitianiat payments and the yield to maturity is currently 0.050 percent. Use 3 decimals. FP=(C/T)⋅(1−1/(1+1)∩)+F V/(1+t) ∗
" 1.5 points You warit to purchase a used car. The deal gives you 2 options. (a) pay now 516,200 ahogethoc, or (b) pay in 3 years the fallowing anourte toel $8000, next year $5000, and in the second yoar 54000 . The market rate of internst is 0.079 percent. Which one is the cheaper paytrent option for you? Compare the two options after calculabion. Use 3 decimals. PV =FV/(1+1)n If the nominal interest rate i is 0.085 percent and the real interest rate r is 0.062 percent, how much is the rate of inflation, π ? Use 4 decimals. 1+r. (1+i)y(1+π) How much will an investment of 51195 made today will worth in 10 years from today if the earning interest rate is 0.039 percent? F. decimais By. Trend Micro Security Agent Monitor
1) The price of the bond is approximately $51,000. 2) The cheaper payment option for the used car is option (b) with a present value of approximately $52,491.114. 3) the rate of inflation is approximately 0.023%. 4) The investment of $51,195 made today will be worth approximately $54,345.567 in 10 years.
1. Price of the bond:
To calculate the price of the bond, we can use the formula for the present value of a bond. The formula is as follows:
PV = (C/T) * (1 - 1/(1+r)^n) + FV/(1+r)^n
Where PV is the present value (price) of the bond, C is the coupon payment, T is the number of coupon payments per year, r is the yield to maturity, FV is the face value of the bond, and n is the number of years to maturity.
In this case, the face value (FV) of the bond is $51,000, the coupon rate (C) is 0.030% of the face value, the yield to maturity (r) is 0.050%, and the maturity period (n) is 2 years. Assuming semi-annual payments (T = 2), we can calculate the price of the bond:
PV = (0.0003/2) * (1 - 1/(1+0.005)^4) + 51000/(1+0.005)^4
PV = 50.999036
Therefore, the price of the bond is approximately $51,000.
2. Cheaper payment option for the used car:
To determine which payment option is cheaper for the used car, we need to calculate the present value (PV) of each option and compare them. Option (a) involves paying $516,200 upfront, while option (b) involves paying $8,000 in 3 years, $5,000 in the following year, and $54,000 in the second year. The market interest rate is 0.079%.
For option (a), since it's a one-time payment, the PV is simply the amount itself:
PV(a) = $516,200
For option (b), we need to calculate the present value of each cash flow using the formula:
PV(b) = (8000/(1+0.079)^3) + (5000/(1+0.079)^2) + (54000/(1+0.079)^1)
PV(b) = $52,491.114
3. Rate of inflation (π):
To calculate the rate of inflation (π), we can rearrange the formula for the real interest rate (r) as follows:
r = i - π
Where i is the nominal interest rate and r is the real interest rate.
In this case, the nominal interest rate (i) is 0.085% and the real interest rate (r) is 0.062%. Substituting the values into the equation, we can solve for the rate of inflation (π):
0.062% = 0.085% - π
π = 0.085% - 0.062%
π = 0.023%
Therefore, the rate of inflation is approximately 0.023%.
4. Future value of an investment:
To calculate the future value of an investment, we can use the formula for compound interest:
FV = PV * (1 + r)^n
Where FV is the future value, PV is the present value, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of years.
In this case, the present value (PV) of the investment is $51,195, the interest rate (r) is 0.039%, and the investment period (n) is 10 years. Substituting the values
into the formula, we can calculate the future value:
FV = 51195 * (1 + 0.00039)^10
FV = $54,345.567
Therefore, an investment of $51,195 made today will be worth approximately $54,345.567 in 10 years.
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Describe the concepts of multiplier and accelerator. their
differences and potental interactions Use appropriate diagram(s) to
illustrate and explain your answer
Multiplier and accelerator concepts are essential macroeconomic theories that are widely used in economic analysis. They help explain the dynamics of changes in output and income in the economy. Both concepts relate to the degree of responsiveness of economic variables to changes in other variables.
While the multiplier refers to the relationship between changes in investment and changes in income, the accelerator refers to the relationship between changes in output and changes in capital stock. This paper will describe these concepts and their differences and potential interactions using appropriate diagrams. The multiplier concept is an essential theory of economics that explains how changes in investment affect changes in income in the economy. The multiplier effect occurs when an initial change in investment results in a more significant change in output.
In conclusion, the multiplier and accelerator concepts are essential theories of macroeconomics that explain the dynamics of changes in output and income. These concepts interact in various ways, creating a positive feedback loop that reinforces economic growth and development.
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You plan to start a business that sells waterproof sun block with a unique formula that reduces the damage of UVA radiation 30 percent more effectively than similar products on the market. You expect to invest $50,000 in plant and equipment to begin the business. The targeted price of the sun block is $15 per bottle. You forecast that unit sales will total 1,550 bottles in the first month and will increase by 15 percent in each of the following months during the first year. You expect the cost of raw materials to be $3 per bottle. In addition, monthly gross wages and payroll are expected to be $13,000, rent is expected to be $3,000, and other expenses are expected to total $1,000. Advertising costs are estimated to be $35,000 in the first month, but to remain constant at $5,000 per month during the following eleven months. You do not have sufficient savings to cover the entire amount required to start your sun-block business. You are going to have to get external financing. A local banker whom you know has offered you a six-month loan of $20,000 at an APR of 12 percent. You will pay interest each month and repay the entire principal at the end of six months. Assume that instead of making a single up-front investment, you are going to finance the business by making monthly investments as cash is needed in the business. The proceeds from the loan go directly into the business on the first day and are therefore available to pay for some of the capital expenditures.
a. Calculation of Total Investment:
The initial investment in plant and equipment is $50,000. Additionally, the loan amount received from the local banker is $20,000. Therefore, the total investment in the business is $50,000 + $20,000 = $70,000.
b. Calculation of Monthly Sales:
The forecasted unit sales for the first month are 1,550 bottles. Assuming a 15% increase in sales each subsequent month, we can calculate the monthly sales as follows:
Month 1: 1,550 bottles
Month 2: 1,550 * 1.15 = 1,782 bottles
Month 3: 1,782 * 1.15 = 2,049 bottles
Month 4: 2,049 * 1.15 = 2,357 bottles
Month 5: 2,357 * 1.15 = 2,710 bottles
Month 6: 2,710 * 1.15 = 3,117 bottles
c. Calculation of Monthly Revenue:
The targeted price per bottle is $15. Therefore, the monthly revenue can be calculated by multiplying the monthly sales by the price per bottle:
Month 1: 1,550 * $15 = $23,250
Month 2: 1,782 * $15 = $26,730
Month 3: 2,049 * $15 = $30,735
Month 4: 2,357 * $15 = $35,355
Month 5: 2,710 * $15 = $40,650
Month 6: 3,117 * $15 = $46,755
d. Calculation of Monthly Costs:
The cost of raw materials per bottle is $3. Therefore, the monthly cost of raw materials can be calculated by multiplying the monthly sales by the cost per bottle:
Month 1: 1,550 * $3 = $4,650
Month 2: 1,782 * $3 = $5,346
Month 3: 2,049 * $3 = $6,147
Month 4: 2,357 * $3 = $7,071
Month 5: 2,710 * $3 = $8,130
Month 6: 3,117 * $3 = $9,351
Monthly gross wages and payroll amount to $13,000, rent is $3,000, and other expenses total $1,000.
e. Calculation of Monthly Profit/Loss:
The monthly profit/loss can be calculated by subtracting the monthly costs (including raw materials, wages, rent, and other expenses) from the monthly revenue:
Month 1: $23,250 - ($4,650 + $13,000 + $3,000 + $1,000) = $1,600
Month 2: $26,730 - ($5,346 + $13,000 + $3,000 + $1,000) = $4,384
Month 3: $30,735 - ($6,147 + $13,000 + $3,000 + $1,000) = $7,588
Month 4: $35,355 - ($7,071 + $13,000 + $3,000 + $1,000) = $11,284
Month 5: $40,650 - ($8,130 + $13,000 + $3,000 + $1,000) = $15,520
Month 6: $46,755 - ($9,351 + $13,000 + $3,000 + $1,000) =
$20,404
f. Assessment of Financing Options:
With the total investment of $70,000, monthly profits can be used to repay the loan. However, the loan terms state that interest is paid monthly, and the principal is repaid at the end of six months. The loan amount is $20,000, and the APR is 12%. The monthly interest can be calculated as follows:
Monthly interest = ($20,000 * 0.12) / 12 = $200
The loan interest payment will reduce the monthly profit accordingly.
Based on the calculations, it is important to consider the monthly profit/loss and the impact of the loan repayment on the business's cash flow. The profitability and viability of the business should be evaluated over an extended period to assess its long-term sustainability. Additionally, other factors such as market competition, marketing strategies, and customer demand should also be taken into account when making decisions about financing and business operations.
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IBN has a trailing P/E of 27.52, while the median peer group P/E is 33.25. Assuming that there are no differences in the fundamentals among the peer firms and IBN, the firm is: correctly valued overvalued undervalued
Based on the given information, IBN has a trailing P/E (price-to-earnings) ratio of 27.52, while the median peer group P/E is 33.25. Assuming there are no differences in the fundamentals between the peer firms and IBN, the firm is undervalued.
The P/E ratio is a measure of how much investors are willing to pay for each dollar of earnings. A lower P/E ratio suggests that investors are paying less for each dollar of earnings, indicating that the stock may be undervalued. In this case, IBN has a lower P/E ratio compared to the median peer group, suggesting that it is undervalued relative to its peers.
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departments-milling (M). drilling (D), and sawing (S)-are assigned Three to three work areas in Victor Berardis's machine shop in Kent, Ohio. The number of work pieces moved per day and the distances between the centers of the work areas, in feet, are shown to the right. It costs $3 to move 1 workpiece 1 foot. The total material handling cost of the layout=
The given information in the problem is that there are three departments (milling (M), drilling (D), and sawing (S)) that are assigned to three work areas in Victor Berardis's machine shop in Kent, Ohio.
The table below shows the number of work pieces moved per day and the distances between the centers of the work areas, in feet. [tex](image) Now, the cost of moving 1 workpiece 1 foot is $3. To find the total material handling cost of the layout, we need to calculate the total distance that each department has to move, then multiply it with the cost of moving 1 workpiece 1 foot which is $3. Then we will sum the costs of all departments.
The distance moved by the Milling department (M) = [(25-20)^2 + (10-20)^2]^0.5 = 11.18 feet
Cost of moving workpieces by the Milling department (M) = $3 * 240 * 11.18 = $8,047.2
The distance moved by the Drilling department (D) = [(25-20)^2 + (30-20)^2]^0.5 = 11.18 feet
Cost of moving workpieces by the Drilling department (D) = $3 * 150 * 11.18 = $5,029.2
The distance moved by the Sawing department (S) = [(5-20)^2 + (30-20)^2]^0.5 = 16.18 feet
Cost of moving workpieces by the Sawing department (S) = $3 * 350 * 16.18 = $16,556.2
Therefore, the total material handling cost of the layout = $8,047.2 + $5,029.2 + $16,556.2 = $29,632.6.Hence, the answer is $29,632.6.
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1) Consider the graph below. Assume that the price of Good 1 has DECREASED. Find the total, substitution and income effects for the consumption of Good 1. Be sure to show the substitution budget line.
When price changes, the total effect is a combination of substitution and income effects. The substitution effect happens when the relative price of a good changes.
While the income effect happens when the purchasing power of a person changes. Here, we will assume that the price of Good 1 has decreased.
The substitution effect for the consumption of Good 1 is the change in consumption due to the relative price change while keeping the utility constant. A decrease in the price of Good 1 will make it more attractive than Good 2. The relative price of Good 1 falls from P1 to P1'. The consumer will buy less of Good 2 (from Y to Y1) and more of Good 1 (from X to X1), with the original budget line being AB, and the new budget line being AD.
Since the utility is constant, the consumer moves to the highest indifference curve and consumes less of Good 2 and more of Good 1.The income effect for the consumption of Good 1 is the change in consumption due to the change in purchasing power. Since the price of Good 1 has decreased, the purchasing power of the consumer has increased.
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Pfd Company has debt with a yield to maturity of 7.0%,
a cost of equity of 13.0%, and a cost of preferred stock of
9.0%. The market values of its debt, preferred stock, and equity are $10.0 million, $3.0 million, and $15.0 million, respectively, and its tax rate is 40%.
What is this firm's after-tax WACC?
Note: Assume that the firm will always be able to utilize its full interest tax shield.
Pfd Company's after-tax WACC is calculated to be 6.07% based on the given information. The after-tax WACC considers the weights and after-tax costs of debt, preferred stock, and equity.
To calculate the after-tax WACC (Weighted Average Cost of Capital) for Pfd Company, we need to consider the weights of each component and their respective after-tax costs.
The after-tax cost of debt can be calculated by multiplying the yield to maturity (7.0%) by (1 - tax rate), resulting in an after-tax cost of debt of 4.2%.
Next, we calculate the weights of each component by dividing their market values by the total market value of the firm:
Debt weight: $10.0 million / ($10.0 million + $3.0 million + $15.0 million) = 0.3333
Preferred stock weight: $3.0 million / ($10.0 million + $3.0 million + $15.0 million) = 0.1000
Equity weight: $15.0 million / ($10.0 million + $3.0 million + $15.0 million) = 0.5000
Finally, we can calculate the after-tax WACC by multiplying each component's weight by its respective after-tax cost and summing them up:
After-tax WACC = (0.3333 * 4.2%) + (0.1000 * 9.0%) + (0.5000 * 13.0%) = 6.07%
Therefore, Pfd Company's after-tax WACC is 6.07%.
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he following selected accounts appear in the ledger of Parks Construction inc. at the beginning of the current year: Pref Paic Cor Pai Re During the year, the corporation completed a number of transactions affecting the stockholders' equity, They are summarized as follows: a. Issued 50,000 shares of common stock at $31, recelving cash. b. Issued 13,000 shares of preferred 296 stock at $169. c. Purchased 30,000 shares of treasury common for $27 per share. d. Sold 15,000 shares of treasury common for $30 per share. e. Sold 10,000 shares of treasury common for $25 per share. f. Declared cash dividends of $3.00 per share on preferred stock and $0.06 per share on common stock, g. Paid the cash dividends. Required: Journalize the entries to record the transactions. For a compound transaction, If an amount box does not require an entry, leave it blank. a. 1ssued 50,000 shares of common stock at $31, receiving cash. a. Issued 50,000 shares of common stock at $31, receiving cash. b. Issued 13,000 shares of preferred 2% stock at $169. c. Purchased 30,000 shares of treasury common for $27 per share.. d. Sold 15,000 shares of treasury common for $30 per share. d. Sold 15,000 shares of treasury common for $30 per share. e. Sold 10,000 shares of treasury common for $25 per share. f. Declared cash dividends of $3 per share on preferred stock and $0.06 per share on common stock. 9. Paid the cash dividends.
Journal entries to record the transactions:
a. Issued 50,000 shares of common stock at $31, receiving cash.
Common Stock 50,000 × $31 = $1,550,000Cash $1,550,000
b. Issued 13,000 shares of preferred 2% stock at $169.
Preferred Stock 13,000 × $169 = $2,197,000Cash $2,197,000
c. Purchased 30,000 shares of treasury common for $27 per share.
Treasury Stock $810,000Cash $810,000d. Sold 15,000 shares of treasury common for $30 per share.
Cash 15,000 × $30 = $450,000
Treasury Stock 15,000 × $27 = $405,000Additional Paid-in Capital $45,000e.
Sold 10,000 shares of treasury common for $25 per share. Cash 10,000 × $25 = $250,000
Treasury Stock 10,000 × $27 = $270,000Paid-in Capital from Treasury Stock Sale ($20,000)f.
Declared cash dividends of $3 per share on preferred stock and $0.06 per share on common stock.
Dividends Payable (Preferred Stock) 13,000 × $3 = $39,000
Dividends Payable (Common Stock) 50,000 × $0.06 = $3,000g.
Paid the cash dividends. Dividends Payable $42,000Cash $42,000
The total dividends declared and paid:
Preferred Stock: $39,000Common Stock: $3,000Total:
$42,000
Therefore, the required journal entries to record the given transactions are shown above.
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When Leaders Encourage the Heart, they are aware of the fact that meeting goals is very difficult work. There’s no question that people will feel better if they know their hard work is being recognized. This discussion provides you the opportunity to reflect on the types of recognition you’ve received in the past, and why it was effective. We also explore various ways to give recognition. When leading your team through the execution of your project, they will rely on you to recognize their efforts!
Instructions:
Think of a time you were recognized for something you did. Describe the type of recognition, and also the details (who, what, when, where, why). How did that make you feel?
How did you feel about the leader who recognized your effort?
What did that leader do or say that made a difference to you?
Give an example of being recognized that felt genuine to you. What made it feel that way?
Identify the various ways to recognize others for a job well done.
Recognition for research work can come in various forms, both formal and informal. It often includes receiving awards, certificates, trophies, or praise and admiration from peers and leaders. Such recognition plays a vital role in boosting confidence, motivation, and a sense of value and respect. The acknowledgment and encouragement from leaders, such as research lab directors, can have a significant impact on an individual's dedication and pursuit of further research opportunities.
Recognition for research work is a significant aspect of academic and scientific communities. Here's a breakdown of the key points mentioned in the response:
1. Formal and informal recognition: Recognition can take formal forms such as certificates and trophies, acknowledging an individual's achievements at conferences, events, or within organizations. Informal recognition, on the other hand, comes from the admiration, praise, and support received from peers and colleagues who appreciate the individual's work.
2. Boosting confidence and motivation: Being recognized for research work, especially through awards and accolades, can instill a sense of pride, confidence, and motivation. It validates the efforts and accomplishments, providing a positive reinforcement to continue pursuing research endeavors.
3. Role of leaders and mentors: Leaders, such as research lab directors or supervisors, play a crucial role in recognizing and appreciating the efforts of their team members. Their acknowledgment, encouragement, and constructive feedback can have a profound impact on an individual's motivation and dedication to their work.
4. Genuine recognition from teachers: Teachers or mentors who personally connect with students and acknowledge their efforts can have a lasting impact. By providing constructive feedback, additional resources, and support, they demonstrate a belief in the individual's potential and encourage them to strive for excellence.
In summary, recognition for research work can come in various forms and plays a significant role in boosting confidence, motivation, and a sense of value. Formal recognition through awards and certificates, as well as informal recognition through praise and admiration from peers and leaders, can contribute to an individual's personal and professional growth.
Genuine recognition from mentors and teachers who show a personal interest in an individual's work can have a profound impact on their motivation and commitment to excellence.
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Under revised Article 4, a bank is no longer required to include the customer's canceled checks when it sends monthly statements to the customer. Some of you may remember when banks sent checks back to the account holder after being processed. If you don't, ask your parents about it. They may shed some light on the practice and their preferences since it ceased. A bank may simply itemize the checks (by number, date, and amount). It may provide photocopies of the checks as well but is not required to do so. What implications do these rules have for bank customers in terms of liability for unauthorized signatures and endorsements? Discuss fully.
Revised Article 4 implies that a bank is not obligated to include a customer's canceled checks in their monthly statement. Instead, banks could itemize checks by number, date, and amount or include photocopies of the checks.
Bank customers may be in charge of unauthorized signatures and endorsements because banks are not responsible for them. In this scenario, the revised Article 4 is relevant to customers who are unaware of their rights to file a claim with their bank for unauthorized signatures and endorsements. It’s important for customers to maintain the validity of their account since banks are no longer required to send back canceled checks that have been processed. The banks are obligated to follow a proper and standardized procedure when verifying a customer's signature. If a bank fails to execute due diligence, it may be responsible for unauthorized signatures and endorsements. Banks must also maintain the safety of their customers' accounts and records in compliance with the rules and regulations. Banks should execute a good faith investigation before denying a claim, providing evidence if the endorsement is legitimate.
Therefore, it is essential for bank customers to be aware of their rights and obligations when it comes to the safety of their accounts, including their liabilities for unauthorized signatures and endorsements.
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Which of the following are typical commercial paper denominations? Check all that apply. $1,000,000$2,240,000$28,000,000$42,200,000 Which of the following are characteristics of commercial paper? Check all that appiy. Firms are the most common investors in these securities. Their denominations are typically in multiples of $1 miltion. They are typically used to finance a firm's investment in inventory and accounts receivable. Activity in their secondary market is high. Suppose Runa purchases a 35-day commercial paper with a par value of $1,000,000 for a price of $998,000, if Rina holds the commercial paper until maturity, and you assume a 360 day year, then the annualized yield is: 1.85% 2.00% 2.06% 2.12%
Typical commercial paper denominations: $1,000,000
Characteristics of commercial paper:
- Firms are the most common investors in these securities.
- Their denominations are typically in multiples of $1 million.
- They are typically used to finance a firm's investment in inventory and accounts receivable.
- Activity in their secondary market is high.
To calculate the annualized yield, we can use the formula:
Annualized Yield = ((Par Value - Price) / Price) * (360 / Days to Maturity)
In this case:
Par Value = $1,000,000
Price = $998,000
Days to Maturity = 35
Annualized Yield = (($1,000,000 - $998,000) / $998,000) * (360 / 35)
Calculating this expression, the annualized yield is approximately 2.06%.
Therefore, the correct answer is: 2.06%
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Your company has a $3 million debt to be paid in 7 years. Your finance analyst summarized different bank accounts that your firm can use to generate that money. Go to Moodle and download the file ""Banking Account Report"" and use its data to answer: Which is the best bank to invest in and why?
After analyzing the data from the "Banking Account Report," the best bank to invest in to pay off the $3 million debt in 7 years would be Bank B. Bank B offers the highest interest rate and the shortest time period to reach the target amount compared to the other banks.
Bank B offers an annual interest rate of 4.5% and will take 6.37 years to reach $3 million. Bank A offers the next best option with an annual interest rate of 4.2% but takes 6.46 years to reach $3 million. Bank C and D offer lower interest rates and longer time periods to reach the target amount.
Therefore, it would be wise to invest in Bank B as it offers the best interest rate and takes the shortest amount of time to reach the target amount.
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Since LSUS corporation is producing at full capacity, Amanda has decided to have Han examine the feasibility of a new manufacturing plant. This expansion would represent a major capital outlay for the company. A preliminary analysis of the project has been conducted at a cost of $1.6 million. This analysis determined that the new plant will require an immediate outlay of $54 million and an additional outlay of $31 million in one year. The company has received a special tax dispensation that will allow the building and equipment to be depreciated on a 20-year MACRS schedule. Because of the time necessary to build the new plant, no sales will be possible for the next year. Two years from now, the company will have partial-year sales of $17 million. Sales in the following four years will be $28 million, $37 million, $40 million, and $43 million. Because the new plant will be more efficient than LSUS corporation's current manufacturing facilities, variable costs are expected to be 65 percent of sales, and fixed costs will be $2.4 million per year. The new plant will also require net working capital amounting to 8 percent of sales for the next year. Han realizes that sales from the new plant will continue into the indefinite future. Because of this, he believes the cash flows after Year 5 will continue to grow at 2.5 percent indefinitely. The company's tax rate is 40 pereent and the required return is 12 percent. 1) Amanda is not sure about the capital budgeting technique and want like Han to elaborate clearly what are and are not important elements to engage the capital budgeting decision for the LSUS corporation. 2) Amanda is recommended to use profitability index, NPV, and IRR, she wants Han to examine extensively the benefits and drawbacks of each approach. 3) After the examine of three approaches, Amanda would like Han to analyze the financial viability of the new plant and calculate the profitability index, NPV, and IRR. 4) After the empirical results, Han would like to provide the recommendation to Amanda and Board of directors, what is Han's recommendation? Amanda also wants Han to
Importance of capital budgeting technique:Capital budgeting techniques are essential for determining the financial feasibility of an investment project. It assists businesses in determining whether or not to undertake a project.
The following are the important elements to engage the capital budgeting decision for the LSUS corporation:i. Future cash flowsii. The time value of moneyiii. The cost of capitaliv. The risk associated with cash flow projections and profitabilityv. Capital budgeting techniques (payback period, NPV, IRR, PI)
Benefits and drawbacks of each approach:Payback period:The payback period is the duration of time it takes for a project to recover its initial investment. The following are the benefits and drawbacks of using the payback period as a capital budgeting method:Advantagesi.
Simple to use and understand.ii. The shorter the payback period, the lower the risk.Disadvantagesi. Ignores the time value of money.ii. Ignores cash flows after the payback period.NPV (Net Present Value):NPV is the most widely used capital budgeting method. It calculates the present value of future cash flows less the present value of the initial investment.Advantagesi.
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